Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Peter K. Jonason |
Author | Monica A. Koehn |
Author | Ceylan Okan |
Author | Peter J. O'Connor |
URL | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0191886917305962 |
Volume | 121 |
Pages | 170-172 |
Publication | Personality and Individual Differences |
ISSN | 0191-8869 |
Date | January 15, 2018 |
Journal Abbr | Personality and Individual Differences |
DOI | 10.1016/j.paid.2017.09.038 |
Accessed | 2020-10-12 04:02:41 |
Library Catalog | ScienceDirect |
Language | en |
Abstract | We examined the role of personality in accounting for sex differences in yearly earnings among Australians (N=533). Men reported they earned modestly more money than women did, as did married and fully employed people, but these three factors did not interact. Narcissism, psychopathy, extraversion, conscientiousness, and limited neuroticism predicted self-reported higher earnings; associations that differed little by participant's sex, although a slight pattern suggests women may pay a higher pay penalty for neuroticism but benefit more from conscientiousness than men do. Narcissism and neuroticism mediated sex differences in self-reported income suggesting men who were more narcissistic and women who were less neurotic reported more yearly earnings. The results are discussed in terms of how individual differences may play a role in apparent sex differences in earnings. |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Gijsbert Stoet |
Author | David C. Geary |
URL | https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797617741719 |
Volume | 29 |
Issue | 4 |
Pages | 581-593 |
Publication | Psychological Science |
ISSN | 0956-7976 |
Date | April 1, 2018 |
Extra | Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc |
Journal Abbr | Psychol Sci |
DOI | 10.1177/0956797617741719 |
Accessed | 2020-10-12 04:00:58 |
Library Catalog | SAGE Journals |
Language | en |
Abstract | The underrepresentation of girls and women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) fields is a continual concern for social scientists and policymakers. Using an international database on adolescent achievement in science, mathematics, and reading (N = 472,242), we showed that girls performed similarly to or better than boys in science in two of every three countries, and in nearly all countries, more girls appeared capable of college-level STEM study than had enrolled. Paradoxically, the sex differences in the magnitude of relative academic strengths and pursuit of STEM degrees rose with increases in national gender equality. The gap between boys’ science achievement and girls’ reading achievement relative to their mean academic performance was near universal. These sex differences in academic strengths and attitudes toward science correlated with the STEM graduation gap. A mediation analysis suggested that life-quality pressures in less gender-equal countries promote girls’ and women’s engagement with STEM subjects. |
Item Type | Journal Article |
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Author | Kimmo Eriksson |
Author | Marie Björnstjerna |
Author | Irina Vartanova |
URL | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7044344/ |
Volume | 11 |
Publication | Frontiers in Psychology |
ISSN | 1664-1078 |
Date | 2020-2-20 |
Extra | PMID: 32153461 PMCID: PMC7044344 |
Journal Abbr | Front Psychol |
DOI | 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00236 |
Accessed | 2020-10-12 03:59:53 |
Library Catalog | PubMed Central |
Abstract | Gender differences in achievement exhibit variation between domains and between countries. Much prior research has examined whether this variation could be due to variation in gender equality in opportunities, with mixed results. Here we focus instead on the role of a society’s values about gender equality, which may have a more pervasive influence. We pooled all available country measures on adolescent boys’ and girls’ academic achievement between 2000 and 2015 from the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) and Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS) assessments of math, science, and reading. We then analyzed the relation between gender differences and country levels of gender egalitarian values, controlling for country levels of living standards and indicators of gender equality in opportunities. Gender egalitarian values came out as the most important predictor. Specifically, more gender egalitarian values were associated with improved performance of boys relative to girls in the same countries. This pattern held in reading, where boys globally perform substantially worse than girls, as well as in math and science where gender differences in performance are small and may favor either boys or girls. Our findings suggest a previously underappreciated role of cultural values in moderating gender gaps in academic achievement. |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Tim Chenoweth |
Author | Zoran Obradovic |
Volume | 3 |
Pages | 14–21 |
Publication | Neurove$t Journal. Vol |
Library Catalog | CiteSeer |
Abstract | The focus of this study is the selection of an appropriate set of features for a feed forward neural network model used to predict both future market direction and future returns for the S&P 500 Index. The experimental results provide evidence that the proposed feature selection process may result in a more successful prediction model. However, the study also indicates that the problem domain may need to be limited to predicting monthly instead of daily movements. In addition, the proposed process could be more useful for predicting the future market direction rather than actual returns. 1. Introduction While the application of neural networks to financial forecasting is beginning to receive academic attention [Freedman 1995], the issue of feature selection for financial forecasting problems has been largely ignored. Feature selection refers to choosing a subset of parameters (or features) from a larger pool of input information (technical and/or fundamental indicators) for designing a... |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Christian Szegedy |
Author | Vincent Vanhoucke |
Author | Sergey Ioffe |
Author | Jonathon Shlens |
Author | Zbigniew Wojna |
URL | http://arxiv.org/abs/1512.00567 |
Publication | arXiv:1512.00567 [cs] |
Date | 2015-12-11 |
Extra | arXiv: 1512.00567 |
Accessed | 2020-08-24 02:21:48 |
Library Catalog | arXiv.org |
Abstract | Convolutional networks are at the core of most state-of-the-art computer vision solutions for a wide variety of tasks. Since 2014 very deep convolutional networks started to become mainstream, yielding substantial gains in various benchmarks. Although increased model size and computational cost tend to translate to immediate quality gains for most tasks (as long as enough labeled data is provided for training), computational efficiency and low parameter count are still enabling factors for various use cases such as mobile vision and big-data scenarios. Here we explore ways to scale up networks in ways that aim at utilizing the added computation as efficiently as possible by suitably factorized convolutions and aggressive regularization. We benchmark our methods on the ILSVRC 2012 classification challenge validation set demonstrate substantial gains over the state of the art: 21.2% top-1 and 5.6% top-5 error for single frame evaluation using a network with a computational cost of 5 billion multiply-adds per inference and with using less than 25 million parameters. With an ensemble of 4 models and multi-crop evaluation, we report 3.5% top-5 error on the validation set (3.6% error on the test set) and 17.3% top-1 error on the validation set. |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Cullen O'Keefe |
Author | Peter Cihon |
Author | Ben Garfinkel |
Author | Carrick Flynn |
Author | Jade Leung |
Author | Allan Dafoe |
URL | http://arxiv.org/abs/1912.11595 |
Publication | arXiv:1912.11595 [cs] |
Date | 2020-01-24 |
Extra | arXiv: 1912.11595 |
Accessed | 2020-07-13 04:09:34 |
Library Catalog | arXiv.org |
Abstract | As the transformative potential of AI has become increasingly salient as a matter of public and political interest, there has been growing discussion about the need to ensure that AI broadly benefits humanity. This in turn has spurred debate on the social responsibilities of large technology companies to serve the interests of society at large. In response, ethical principles and codes of conduct have been proposed to meet the escalating demand for this responsibility to be taken seriously. As yet, however, few institutional innovations have been suggested to translate this responsibility into legal commitments which apply to companies positioned to reap large financial gains from the development and use of AI. This paper offers one potentially attractive tool for addressing such issues: the Windfall Clause, which is an ex ante commitment by AI firms to donate a significant amount of any eventual extremely large profits. By this we mean an early commitment that profits that a firm could not earn without achieving fundamental, economically transformative breakthroughs in AI capabilities will be donated to benefit humanity broadly, with particular attention towards mitigating any downsides from deployment of windfall-generating AI. |
Short Title | The Windfall Clause |
Item Type | Conference Paper |
---|---|
Author | Aidan Hogan |
URL | https://doi.org/10.1145/3184558.3191603 |
Series | WWW '18 |
Place | Lyon, France |
Publisher | International World Wide Web Conferences Steering Committee |
Pages | 1481–1482 |
ISBN | 978-1-4503-5640-4 |
Date | April 23, 2018 |
DOI | 10.1145/3184558.3191603 |
Accessed | 2020-05-25 |
Library Catalog | ACM Digital Library |
Abstract | Graphs are being increasingly adopted as a flexible data model in scenarios (e.g., Google's Knowledge Graph, Facebook's Graph API, Wikidata, etc.) where multiple editors are involved in content creation, where the schema is ever changing, where data are incomplete, where the connectivity of resources plays a key rolescenarios where relational models traditionally struggle. But with this flexibility comes a conceptual cost: it can be difficult to summarise and understand, at a high level, the content that a given graph contains. Hence profiling graphs becomes of increasing importance to extract order, a posteriori, from the chaotic processes by which such graphs are generated. This talk will motivate the use of graphs as a data model, abstract recent trends in graph data management, and then turn to the issue of profiling and summarising graphs: what are the goals of such profiling, the principles by which graphs can be summarised, the main techniques by which this can/could be achieved The talk will emphasise the importance of profiling graphs while highlighting a variety of open research questions yet to be tackled. |
Proceedings Title | Companion Proceedings of the The Web Conference 2018 |
Short Title | Profiling Graphs |
Item Type | Book Section |
---|---|
Author | Renzo Angles |
Author | Claudio Gutierrez |
Editor | George Fletcher |
Editor | Jan Hidders |
Editor | Josep Lluís Larriba-Pey |
URL | https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96193-4_1 |
Series | Data-Centric Systems and Applications |
Place | Cham |
Publisher | Springer International Publishing |
Pages | 1-32 |
ISBN | 978-3-319-96193-4 |
Date | 2018 |
Extra | DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-96193-4_1 |
Accessed | 2020-05-25 19:42:43 |
Library Catalog | Springer Link |
Language | en |
Abstract | Graph data management concerns the research and development of powerful technologies for storing, processing and analyzing large volumes of graph data. This chapter presents an overview about the foundations and systems for graph data management. Specifically, we present a historical overview of the area, studied graph database models, characterized essential graph-oriented queries, reviewed graph query languages, and explore the features of current graph data management systems (i.e. graph databases and graph-processing frameworks). |
Book Title | Graph Data Management: Fundamental Issues and Recent Developments |
Item Type | Conference Paper |
---|---|
Author | Enrique G. Cordaro |
Author | Patricio Venegas |
Author | David Laroze |
Volume | 36 |
Publisher | Copernicus GmbH |
Pages | 275 |
Date | 2018 |
Library Catalog | Google Scholar |
Proceedings Title | Annales Geophysicae |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Godefroy-Guillaume Leibnitz |
URL | https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/ads-00104781 |
Publication | Mémoires de mathématique et de physique de l'Académie royale des sciences |
Date | 1703 |
Accessed | 2018-04-06 03:14:57 |
Library Catalog | HAL Archives Ouvertes |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Ben Moseley |
Author | Peter Marks |
Publication | Software Practice Advancement (SPA) |
Date | 2006 |
Library Catalog | Google Scholar |
Item Type | Book |
---|---|
Author | Jason Fried |
Author | David Heinemeier Hansson |
Edition | First Edition edition |
Place | New York |
Publisher | Crown Business |
ISBN | 978-0-8041-3750-8 |
Date | October 29, 2013 |
Library Catalog | Amazon |
Language | English |
Short Title | Remote |
# of Pages | 256 |
Item Type | Book |
---|---|
Author | Jason Fried |
Author | David Heinemeier Hansson |
Edition | 1 edition |
Place | New York |
Publisher | Currency |
ISBN | 978-0-307-46374-6 |
Date | March 9, 2010 |
Library Catalog | Amazon |
Language | English |
# of Pages | 288 |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Díaz de Valdés J |
Author | José Manuel |
URL | http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0718-52002010000100009&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es |
Volume | 8 |
Issue | 1 |
Pages | 249-282 |
Publication | Estudios constitucionales |
ISSN | 0718-5200 |
Date | 00/2010 |
DOI | 10.4067/S0718-52002010000100009 |
Accessed | 2018-01-09 12:38:49 |
Library Catalog | SciELO |
Short Title | ANOMALÍAS CONSTITUCIONALES DE LAS SUPERINTENDENCIA |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Felipe Morandé L |
URL | http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_abstract&pid=S0719-37692016000300003&lng=es&nrm=iso&tlng=es |
Volume | 48 |
Issue | 185 |
Pages | 31-58 |
Publication | Estudios internacionales (Santiago) |
ISSN | 0719-3769 |
Date | 00/2016 |
DOI | 10.5354/0719-3769.2016.44553 |
Accessed | 2018-01-01 22:59:58 |
Library Catalog | SciELO |
Item Type | Book Section |
---|---|
Author | John S. Gero |
Author | Vladimir Kazakov |
URL | https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-1-4615-5047-1_17 |
Publisher | Springer, Boston, MA |
Pages | 263-274 |
ISBN | 978-1-4613-7294-3 978-1-4615-5047-1 |
Date | 1999 |
Extra | DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4615-5047-1_17 |
Accessed | 2017-12-28 12:23:54 |
Library Catalog | link.springer.com |
Language | en |
Abstract | This paper introduces a new computational operation that provides support for creative designing by adaptively exploring design state spaces. This modification is based on the re-interpretation of the crossover operation of genetic algorithms as an interpolation and its generalization to extrapolation. Examples of the results of the application of the process are presented. |
Book Title | Computers in Building |
Item Type | Report |
---|---|
Author | Alejandro Bernales |
URL | https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2352409 |
Place | Rochester, NY |
Date | 2014/05/28 |
Accessed | 2017-12-28 12:23:38 |
Institution | Social Science Research Network |
Report Type | SSRN Scholarly Paper |
Library Catalog | papers.ssrn.com |
Abstract | We consider a dynamic equilibrium model of algorithmic trading (AT) for limit order markets. We show that AT improves market performance ‘only’ under specific conditions. For instance, AT traders with only an informational (only a trading speed) advantage increase (reduce) global welfare. AT traders act as liquidity demanders with ‘predatory’ strategies when ‘less-skilled’ investors are majority, which may deteriorate liquidity and welfare. AT reduces waiting costs but finally damages traditional traders’ profits and changes their trading behaviour. AT traders prefer volatile assets, and we report that cancellation fees may be better policy instruments to control AT activity than latency restrictions. |
Report Number | ID 2352409 |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Mingfeng Lin |
Author | Henry C. Lucas |
Author | Galit Shmueli |
URL | http://pubsonline.informs.org/doi/abs/10.1287/isre.2013.0480 |
Volume | 24 |
Issue | 4 |
Pages | 906-917 |
Publication | Information Systems Research |
ISSN | 1047-7047 |
Date | October 22, 2013 |
Journal Abbr | Information Systems Research |
DOI | 10.1287/isre.2013.0480 |
Library Catalog | pubsonline.informs.org (Atypon) |
Abstract | The Internet has provided IS researchers with the opportunity to conduct studies with extremely large samples, frequently well over 10,000 observations. There are many advantages to large samples, but researchers using statistical inference must be aware of the p-value problem associated with them. In very large samples, p-values go quickly to zero, and solely relying on p-values can lead the researcher to claim support for results of no practical significance. In a survey of large sample IS research, we found that a significant number of papers rely on a low p-value and the sign of a regression coefficient alone to support their hypotheses. This research commentary recommends a series of actions the researcher can take to mitigate the p-value problem in large samples and illustrates them with an example of over 300,000 camera sales on eBay. We believe that addressing the p-value problem will increase the credibility of large sample IS research as well as provide more insights for readers. |
Short Title | Research Commentary—Too Big to Fail |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | M. S. Abdel-Rahman |
Author | D. Couri |
Author | R. J. Bull |
URL | http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.3109/10915818409009082 |
Volume | 3 |
Issue | 4 |
Pages | 277-284 |
Publication | Journal of the American College of Toxicology |
ISSN | 0730-0913 |
Date | July 1, 1984 |
Journal Abbr | Journal of the American College of Toxicology |
DOI | 10.3109/10915818409009082 |
Library Catalog | SAGE Journals |
Language | en |
Abstract | Chlorine dioxide (CIO2) is currently being considered as an alternate to chlorine as a disinfectant for public water supplies. Studies were conducted to determine the toxicity of CIO2 (0, 1, 10, 100, 1000 mg/L) and its metabolites, CIO-2 and CIO-3 (10, 100 mg/L) in drinking water in rats. After 9 months treatment the osmotic fragility of the red blood cells was decreased in all treatment groups, while a decreased blood glutathione was only observed in the metabolite groups. At 2, 4, and 6 months no significant hematologic changes were noted in treated rats compared to control. However, after 9 months RBC counts, hematocrit, and hemoglobin were decreased in all treatment groups. CIO2, CIO-2, and CIO-3 administered chronically in drinking water for 3 months inhibited the incorporation of 3H-thymidine into nuclei of rat testes. This inhibition was observed in the liver of CIO-2 groups and in the kidney of 100 mg/L CIO2 treatment. The incorporation in small intestinal nuclei was increased in both 10 and 100 mg/L CIO2 and in 10 mg/L CIO-2. The treatment with CI compounds decreased rat body weight in all groups after 10 and 11 months treatment. |
Item Type | Web Page |
---|---|
URL | http://www.lenntech.com/processes/disinfection/chemical/disinfectants-chlorine-dioxide.htm |
Accessed | 2017-08-23 23:18:01 |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | G. P. Vincent |
Author | J. D. MacMahon |
Author | John F. Synan |
URL | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1625916/ |
Volume | 36 |
Issue | 9 |
Pages | 1035-1037 |
Publication | American Journal of Public Health and the Nations Health |
ISSN | 0002-9572 |
Date | 1946-09 |
Extra | PMID: 18016413 PMCID: PMC1625916 |
Journal Abbr | Am J Public Health Nations Health |
Library Catalog | PubMed Central |
Item Type | Report |
---|---|
Author | David H. Bailey |
Author | Jonathan M. Borwein |
Author | Lopez de Prado |
Author | Marcos |
Author | Qiji Jim Zhu |
URL | https://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=2308659 |
Place | Rochester, NY |
Date | 2014/04/01 |
Accessed | 2017-08-23 21:06:13 |
Institution | Social Science Research Network |
Report Type | SSRN Scholarly Paper |
Library Catalog | papers.ssrn.com |
Abstract | We prove that high simulated performance is easily achievable after backtesting a relatively small number of alternative strategy configurations, a practice we denote “backtest overfitting”. The higher the number of configurations tried, the greater is the probability that the backtest is overfit. Because most financial analysts and academics rarely report the number of configurations tried for a given backtest, investors cannot evaluate the degree of overfitting in most investment proposals. The implication is that investors can be easily misled into allocating capital to strategies that appear to be mathematically sound and empirically supported by an outstanding backtest. Under memory effects, backtest overfitting leads to negative expected returns out-of-sample, rather than zero performance. This may be one of several reasons why so many quantitative funds appear to fail. |
Report Number | ID 2308659 |
Short Title | Pseudo-Mathematics and Financial Charlatanism |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Jian Gao |
Author | Bogang Jun |
Author | Alex "Sandy" Pentland |
Author | Tao Zhou |
Author | Cesar A. Hidalgo |
URL | http://arxiv.org/abs/1703.01369 |
Publication | arXiv:1703.01369 [physics, q-fin] |
Date | 2017-03-03 |
Extra | arXiv: 1703.01369 |
Accessed | 2017-04-14 04:22:17 |
Library Catalog | arXiv.org |
Abstract | Industrial development is the process by which economies learn how to produce new products and services. But how do economies learn? And who do they learn from? The literature on economic geography and economic development has emphasized two learning channels: inter-industry learning, which involves learning from related industries; and inter-regional learning, which involves learning from neighboring regions. Here we use 25 years of data describing the evolution of China's economy between 1990 and 2015--a period when China multiplied its GDP per capita by a factor of ten--to explore how Chinese provinces diversified their economies. First, we show that the probability that a province will develop a new industry increases with the number of related industries that are already present in that province, a fact that is suggestive of inter-industry learning. Also, we show that the probability that a province will develop an industry increases with the number of neighboring provinces that are developed in that industry, a fact suggestive of inter-regional learning. Moreover, we find that the combination of these two channels exhibit diminishing returns, meaning that the contribution of either of these learning channels is redundant when the other one is present. Finally, we address endogeneity concerns by using the introduction of high-speed rail as an instrument to isolate the effects of inter-regional learning. Our differences-in-differences (DID) analysis reveals that the introduction of high speed-rail increased the industrial similarity of pairs of provinces connected by high-speed rail. Also, industries in provinces that were connected by rail increased their productivity when they were connected by rail to other provinces where that industry was already present. These findings suggest that inter-regional and inter-industry learning played a role in China's great economic expansion. |
Item Type | Conference Paper |
---|---|
Author | Agnes Koschmider |
Author | Andreas Oberweis |
Author | Andreas Schoknecht |
Author | Meike Ullrich |
URL | http://people.compute.dtu.dk/hsto/fmi/ws14/FMI-14-Proc-DTU-TR-2014-14.pdf#page=21 |
Pages | 18 |
Date | 2014 |
Accessed | 2017-03-05 05:47:03 |
Library Catalog | Google Scholar |
Proceedings Title | FMI 2014-Free Models Initiative Workshop Proceedings |
Item Type | Journal Article |
---|---|
Author | Ryan K.L. Ko |
Author | Stephen S.G. Lee |
Author | Eng Wah Lee |
URL | http://www.emeraldinsight.com/doi/abs/10.1108/14637150910987937 |
Volume | 15 |
Issue | 5 |
Pages | 744-791 |
Publication | Business Process Management Journal |
ISSN | 1463-7154 |
Date | September 11, 2009 |
Journal Abbr | Business Process Mgmt Journal |
DOI | 10.1108/14637150910987937 |
Accessed | 2017-03-05 04:08:26 |
Library Catalog | emeraldinsight.com (Atypon) |
Short Title | Business process management (BPM) standards |