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The Generative Lexicon. MIT Press, Cambridge MA; Pustejovsky, James, 1998a. The semantics of lexical underspecification. Folia Linguistica 32 (3), 323-348] deals with the alleged lexical polysemy of words in semantically and structurally related syntactic contexts.\nPolysemy is at the centre of current semantic research, in both the cognitive and the generative paradigms. In Section 1 I discuss some similarities and differences between both paradigms and draw attention to a number of as yet unsolved problems. In particular I examine a seeming paradox in Pustejovsky's theory of [`]qualia-structures' which are postulated for lexical items. On the one hand Pustejovsky's theory is based on the claim that polysemy is fundamental to meanings and that linguistic expressions change their semantic features (meanings) in context; on the other hand, the theory of [`]qualia-structures' seems to favour a monosemy approach. I argue that in Pustejovsky's account syntagmatically observable polysemy (meaning variation) is projected into the [`]qualia-structures' of words and that this account is to be distinguished from a monosemy approach based on paradigmatic meaning oppositions between lexical items.\nIn Section 2 special attention is paid to the semantics of verbs with causative/intransitive alternation, e.g. break, which have variable valency and occur in complementary argument structures exemplified by clauses like John broke the bottle and The bottle broke. In particular, the claim that propositions with the intransitive construction ([`]unaccusative') are [`]semantically entailed' in propositions with the transitive one is called into question. I argue that this claim does not bear on the semantic function (linguistic meaning proper) of the verb or argument structure but rather on different events or states of affairs to which speakers can refer using this kind of verbs with variable valency. It is shown that a logical-referential treatment is incompatible with a coherent concept of [`]semantic entailment'. Taken in its linguistic sense, this concept implies that argument structures with fewer arguments (and, as a consequence, a simpler lexical structure) semantically entail more elaborate argument structures, rather than the other way around. Moreover, evidence is presented that [`]semantic entailment' does not necessarily imply polysemy but should be regarded as an instance of neutralization.", "publicationTitle": "Language Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 2006", "volume": "28", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "580-603", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/j.langsci.2005.10.004", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/B6VD2-4KCRSDT-1/2/c24c08b5c2fe2aae758ccdac882a3895", "accessDate": "2010-01-31T08:38:39Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0388-0001", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "(logical, regular) Polysemy and monosemy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Argument structure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Meaning and reference", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Semantic entailment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Semantic neutralization", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Semantic theory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Syntax/semantics interface", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Verb valency", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-04-18T08:25:12Z", "dateModified": "2010-04-18T08:25:12Z" } }, { "key": "NMERJMGK", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 9133, "name": "Generative Lexicon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/generative_lexicon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/9133/items/NMERJMGK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/generative_lexicon/items/NMERJMGK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 10638, "username": "syjanna", "name": "Petr Šimon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/syjanna", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wilks", "parsedDate": "2001", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NMERJMGK", "version": 1, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "The \"Fodor\"-FODOR fallacy bites back", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yorick", "lastName": "Wilks" } ], "abstractNote": "The paper argues that Fodor and Lepore are misguided in their attack on Pustejovsky's Generative Lexicon, largely because their argument rests on a traditional, but implausible and discredited, view of the lexicon on which it is effectively empty of content, a view that stands in the long line of explaining word meaning (a) by ostension and then (b) explaining it by means of a vacuous symbol in a lexicon, often the word itself after typographic transmogrification. (a) and (b) both share the wrong belief that to a word must correspond a simple entity that is its meaning. I then turn to the semantic rules that Pustejovsky uses and argue first that, although they have novel features, they are in a well-established Artificial Intelligence tradition of explaining meaning by reference to structures that mention other structures assigned to words that may occur in close proximity to the first. It is argued that Fodor and Lepore's view that there cannot be such rules is without foundation, and indeed systems using such rules have proved their practical worth in computational systems. Their justification descends from line of argument, whose high points were probably Wittgenstein and Quine that meaning is not to be understood by simple links to the world, ostensive or otherwise, but by the relationship of whole cultural representational structures to each other and to the world as a whole.", "bookTitle": "The language of word meaning", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2001", "publisher": "Cambridge University Press", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://arxiv.org/abs/cs/9902029", "accessDate": "2009-08-26T01:25:19Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "arXiv.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Computer Science - Computation and Language", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "I.2", "type": 1 } ], 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