Contains early essay by Kazin on LIA
", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "ICHN87GD", "version": 123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/ICHN87GD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/ICHN87GD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/9FQ3HQJ4", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "ICHN87GD", "version": 123, "parentItem": "9FQ3HQJ4", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Amazon.com Link", "accessDate": "2017-09-28T22:30:43Z", "url": "https://www.amazon.com/William-Faulkner-Ecology-Southern-Literary/dp/0807159484", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "9FQ3HQJ4", "version": 123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/9FQ3HQJ4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/9FQ3HQJ4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gleeson-White et al.", "parsedDate": "2015-06-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "9FQ3HQJ4", "version": 123, "itemType": "book", "title": "William Faulkner in the Media Ecology", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Julian", "lastName": "Murphet" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Stefan", "lastName": "Solomon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sarah", "lastName": "Gleeson-White" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Godden" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert", "lastName": "Jackson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Donald", "lastName": "Kartiganer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Catherine G.", "lastName": "Kodat" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter", "lastName": "Lurie" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John T.", "lastName": "Matthews" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sascha", "lastName": "Morrell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark", "lastName": "Steven" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jay", "lastName": "Watson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Zeitlin" } ], "abstractNote": "William Faulkner in the Media Ecology explores the Nobel Prize-winning author immersed in the new media of his time. Intersecting with twentieth-century technology such as photography, film, and sound recording, these twelve essays portray Faulkner as not only as a writer looking back on the history of the U.S. South, but also as a screenwriter, aviator, and celebrity. This fresh, interdisciplinary approach to Faulkner presents an innovative way of reassessing a body of literary work that has engaged readers and critics for over sixty years. Essays by John T. Matthews, Catherine Gunther Kodat, Stefan Solomon, and Donald M. Kartiganer assess how Faulkner's legacy has been shaped through media adaptation and public commemoration of his work. Jay Watson, Michael Zeitlin, Sarah Gleeson-White, Robert Jackson, and Sascha Morrell consider a range of media relevant to the creation of the writer's stories and ways to recalibrate traditional thinking about his writing. Mark Steven, Peter Lurie, and Richard Godden examine how the vastly different mediations of both cinema and money influenced Faulkner's work. Editors Julian Murphet and Stefan Solomon have brought together some of the most prominent voices in Faulkner studies, along with a number of emerging scholars, to construct a portrait of Faulkner as a thoroughly modern writer, as much attuned to the evolution of the contemporary world as he was to the past.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "June 8, 2015", "publisher": "LSU Press", "place": "Baton Rouge", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "304", "ISBN": "978-0-8071-5948-4", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "Amazon", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "8PET22LQ", "version": 123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/8PET22LQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/8PET22LQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/GNBKY7X9", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "8PET22LQ", "version": 123, "parentItem": "GNBKY7X9", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2017-05-12T18:22:12Z", "url": "https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/william-faulkner-and-the-negroesa-vision-of-lost-fraternity/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "william-faulkner-and-the-negroesa-vision-of-lost-fraternity.html", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "HRB5NGJA", "version": 123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/HRB5NGJA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/HRB5NGJA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hoffman and Vickery", "parsedDate": "1969", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HRB5NGJA", "version": 123, "itemType": "book", "title": "William Faulkner: Three decades of criticism", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frederick J", "lastName": "Hoffman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Olga W", "lastName": "Vickery" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1969", "publisher": "Michigan State University Press", "place": "East Lansing, Mich.", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "William Faulkner", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "Open WorldCat", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "OCLC: 476080028", "tags": [ { "tag": "LIA" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "GNBKY7X9", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/GNBKY7X9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/GNBKY7X9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Howe", "parsedDate": "1951-10-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "GNBKY7X9", "version": 122, "itemType": "blogPost", "title": "William Faulkner and the Negroes:A Vision of Lost Fraternity", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Irving", "lastName": "Howe" } ], "abstractNote": "No American writer has been more preoccupied with the “Negro problem” than William Faulkner. Yet one searches his books in vain for any clear “view” ...", "blogTitle": "Commentary Magazine", "websiteType": "", "date": "1951-10-01T00:09:00-04:00", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.commentarymagazine.com/articles/william-faulkner-and-the-negroesa-vision-of-lost-fraternity/", "accessDate": "2017-05-12T18:22:00Z", "ISSN": "", "shortTitle": "William Faulkner and the Negroes", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Faulkner, William" }, { "tag": "LIA" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "PIVQWHKZ", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/PIVQWHKZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": 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"accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "Open WorldCat", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "OCLC: 871349971", "tags": [ { "tag": "Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Manners and customs", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi Mœurs et coutumes Romans, nouvelles, etc", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi Social life and customs Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Nouvelles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Short stories", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Yoknapatawpha County (Imaginary place)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Yoknapatawpha County (Imaginary place) Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Yoknapatawpha County (Lieu imaginaire) Romans, nouvelles, etc", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "short stories", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "D4AYGZMG", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 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"volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "First Vintage International edition", "date": "1991", "publisher": "Vintage Books", "place": "New York", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "409", "ISBN": "978-0-679-73653-0", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://catdir.loc.gov/catdir/bios/random056/91050092.html", "accessDate": "2023-01-25T15:57:25Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The hamlet", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "Open WorldCat", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "OCLC: 23652207", "tags": [ { "tag": "Domestic fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi Romans, nouvelles, etc", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Snopes family (Fictitious characters)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Snopes family (Fictitious characters) Fiction", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "LK2R3JMF", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/LK2R3JMF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/LK2R3JMF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Graham", "parsedDate": "2016-05-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "LK2R3JMF", "version": 122, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Reconstructions: Faulkner and Du Bois on the Civil War", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Jay", "lastName": "Watson" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "James G.", "lastName": "Thomas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Austin", "lastName": "Graham" } ], "abstractNote": "Contributions by Ted Atkinson, Thadious M. Davis, Matthew Dischinger, Dotty Dye, Chiyuma Elliott, Doreen Fowler, Joseph Fruscione, T. Austin Graham, Rachel Eliza Griffiths, Derrick Harriell, Lisa Hinrichsen, Randall Horton, George Hutchinson, Andrew B. Leiter, John Wharton Lowe, Jamaal May, Ben Robbins, Tim A. Ryan, Sharon Eve Sarthou, Jenna Sciuto, James Smethurst, and Jay WatsonAt the turn of the millennium, the Martinican novelist Édouard Glissant offered the bold prediction that \"Faulkner's oeuvre will be made complete when it is revisited and made vital by African Americans,\" a goal that \"will be achieved by a radically 'other' reading.\" In the spirit of Glissant's prediction, this collection places William Faulkner's literary oeuvre in dialogue with a hemispheric canon of black writing from the United States and the Caribbean. The volume's seventeen essays and poetry selections chart lines of engagement, dialogue, and reciprocal resonance between Faulkner and his black precursors, contemporaries, and successors in the Americas.Contributors place Faulkner's work in illuminating conversation with writings by Paul Laurence Dunbar, W. E. B. Du Bois, James Weldon Johnson, Jean Toomer, Nella Larsen, Claude McKay, Ralph Ellison, James Baldwin, Ernest J. Gaines, Marie Vieux-Chauvet, Toni Morrison, Edwidge Danticat, Randall Kenan, Edward P. Jones, and Natasha Trethewey, along with the musical artistry of Mississippi bluesman Charley Patton.In addition, five contemporary African American poets offer their own creative responses to Faulkner's writings, characters, verbal art, and historical example. In these ways, the volume develops a comparative approach to the Faulkner oeuvre that goes beyond the compelling but limiting question of influence--who read whom, whose works draw from whose--to explore the confluences between Faulkner and black writing in the hemisphere.", "bookTitle": "Faulkner and the Black Literatures of the Americas", "series": "Faulkner and Yoknapatawpha", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "1st edition", "date": "May 5, 2016", "publisher": "University Press of Mississippi", "place": "Jackson, Miss", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "119-132", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Reconstructions", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "Amazon", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "PI5LQTEH", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/PI5LQTEH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/PI5LQTEH", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/ZMCWXZ8I", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "PI5LQTEH", "version": 122, "parentItem": "ZMCWXZ8I", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2017-05-22T18:16:56Z", "url": "https://muse.jhu.edu/article/537138/summary", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "summary.html", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "X285IRCX", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/X285IRCX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/X285IRCX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Faulkner and Polk", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X285IRCX", "version": 122, "itemType": "book", "title": "The town", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William", "lastName": "Faulkner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Noel", "lastName": "Polk" } ], "abstractNote": "\"This is the second volume of Faulkner's trilogy about the Snopes family, his symbol for the grasping, destructive element in the postbellum South. Like its predecessor, The Hamlet, and its successor, The Mansion, The Town is self-contained but gains resonance from being read with the other two. Flem Snope's ruthless struggle to take over the town of Jefferson, Mississippi, is rich in episodes of humor and profundity.\"--Page 4 of cover", "series": "A novel of the Snope family", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "1st Vintage International ed", "date": "2011", "publisher": "Vintage Books", "place": "New York", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "394", "ISBN": "978-0-307-94681-2", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "Open WorldCat", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "OCLC: 760329368", "tags": [ { "tag": "Domestic fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi Fiction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mississippi Romans, nouvelles, etc", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Snopes family (Fictitious characters)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Snopes family (Fictitious characters) Fiction", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "9NDJSHWW", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/9NDJSHWW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/9NDJSHWW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gorra", "parsedDate": "2020", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9NDJSHWW", "version": 122, "itemType": "book", "title": "The saddest words: William Faulkner's Civil War", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael Edward", "lastName": "Gorra" } ], "abstractNote": "\"How do we read William Faulkner in the twenty-first century? asks Michael Gorra, one of America's most preeminent literary critics. Should we still read William Faulkner in this new century? What can his works tell us about the legacy of slavery and the Civil War, that central quarrel in our nation's history? These are the provocative questions that Michael Gorra asks in this historic portrait of the novelist and his world. Born in 1897 in Mississippi, Faulkner wrote such iconic novels as Absalom, Absalom! and The Sound and the Fury, creating in Yoknapatawpha County the richest gallery of characters in American fiction, his achievements culminating in the 1949 Nobel Prize in Literature. But given his works' echo of \"Lost Cause\" romanticism, his depiction of black characters and black speech, and his rendering of race relations in a largely unreconstructed South, Faulkner demands a sobering reevaluation. Interweaving biography, absorbing literary criticism, and rich travelogue, The Saddest Words recontextualizes Faulkner, revealing a civil war within him, while examining the most plangent cultural issues facing American literature today\"-- Provided by publisher.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "First edition.", "date": "2020", "publisher": "Liveright Publishing Corporation, a division of W. W. 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This unique volume includes Faulkner’s Nobel Prize acceptance speech, a review of Hemingway’s The Old Man and the Sea (in which he suggests that Hemingway has found God), and newly collected gems, such as the acerbic essay “On Criticism” and the beguiling “Note on A Fable.” It also contains eloquently opinionated public letters on everything from race relations and the nature of fiction to wild-squirrel hunting on his property. This is the most comprehensive collection of Faulkner’s brilliant non-fiction work, and a rare look into the life of an American master.", "bookTitle": "Essays, Speeches & Public Letters", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1965", "publisher": "Random House", "place": "New York", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "275-6", "ISBN": "978-1-58836-351-0", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Google Books", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Google-Books-ID: hKUJcOUQcHQC", "tags": [ { "tag": "Literary Collections / American / General", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Literary Collections / Essays", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Literary Collections / Letters", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z", "dateModified": "2023-01-26T17:13:56Z" } }, { "key": "7QIYWBKT", "version": 121, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 89962, "name": "Faulkner", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/89962/items/7QIYWBKT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/faulkner/items/7QIYWBKT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 130917, "username": "jallred", "name": "Jeff Allred", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jallred", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Watson and Watson", "parsedDate": "2022-11-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "7QIYWBKT", "version": 121, "itemType": "book", "title": "Fossil-Fuel Faulkner: Energy, Modernity, and the US South", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jay", "lastName": "Watson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jay", "lastName": "Watson" } ], "abstractNote": "Fossil-Fuel Faulkner is the first book-length study of a single writer in the emerging field of the energy humanities. As we try to imagine our way beyond a deeply problematic fossil energy regime that depletes and degrades the planet and sharpens the gap between Global North and Global South and move toward as more just and sustainable energy future, there is much to learn from how previous generations imagined the modern transition into a hydrocarbon-fueled world from the solar- and muscle-powered order that preceded it, and from how they imagined the consequences of that transition, including the new cultural forms it elicited and the new social problems it created. Jay Watson turns to the life and writings of William Faulkner, creator of one of the richest imaginative landscapes in American literary history, for new insights into the deep-reaching connections linking the extraction, production, and use of energy resources in his native US South to its histories of slavery and Jim Crow, its ecologies of disruption and despoilation, the logic of its cultural practices, and the nuances of literary form. Surveying the author's personal and imaginative engagements with coal and oil, with modern automobility and the road narrative, and with the profligate energies of the sun and the human animal, Fossil-Fuel Faulkner explores nearly all of Faulkner's novels and over a dozen of his short stories, and reveals the author to be one of petromodernity's keenest chroniclers and critics.\n \n \n \n , \n Fossil-Fuel Faulkner is the first book-length study of a single writer in the emerging field of the energy humanities. As we try to imagine our way beyond a deeply problematic fossil energy regime that depletes and degrades the planet and sharpens the gap between Global North and Global South and move toward as more just and sustainable energy future, there is much to learn from how previous generations imagined the modern transition into a hydrocarbon-fueled world from the solar- and muscle-powered order that preceded it, and from how they imagined the consequences of that transition, including the new cultural forms it elicited and the new social problems it created. 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Basic argument: THE UNVANQUISHED is more interesting than you think. It seems sentimental and conservative in form, but it actually contains unruly tensions around gender and race. The narrative both contains and subverts desires to exceed the boundaries of proper gender (and to a lesser extent, race). PY reads the text for its “political unconscious,” finding within it an impulse to stage an escape from proper whiteness and femininity that ultimately must be contained within purple “heightened” rhetoric valorizing the virgin and a plot that refuses to engage the implications of Drusilla’s desires and actions. The MacGuffin is the rise (in 1994) of Scitex, an image editing technology that makes retouching much easier and cheaper than in the analogue era. Thus, women are consistently purified in ways that “remove them from history,” in contrast even to male models, who are permitted to have scars and other marks made by the traumas of history (including battle). The novel feints at a productive move of making itself grotesque but ultimately sutures the pieces together into something beautiful and cathartic rather than subversive.
Implications: the reading is very rich, the most brilliant reading of the novel by far. And the whole theme of blankness v. Markings has obvious implications for my argument about writing: to be woman is to be “spotless” in the logic of the novel in ways that militate against being either a subject or object of inscription except within the narrowest boundaries of the social dominant—the discourse network of the letter exchange and the social logic of gynolatry. So for Granny to become a forger is both a “sin” in the conservative sense and a more subversive act of alienating herself into, not just a forbidden performance or the utterance of “bad words,” but a forbidden discursive field, where she operates as a spy, along with her nominal property, Ringo. But Yaeger only hints at this connection and shies away from the full implications of Drusilla’s position and the novel’s abiding concern with inscription and scriptable surfaces.
Local notes:
198: Ys research question is to find out under what circumstances “women’s bodies can enter history,” and her answer is via the grotesque body, “bodies that are scarred, marred, or mangles by their environments.” To occupy this kind of body, for women, is risky, poising them between liberation and power on one hand and “social death” on the other (199). For Y, the grotesque names the place where the social dominant inscribes itself violently on bodies, “carves itself into—and out of—human flesh” in a manner akin to the symbolic violence of Scitex. [Note: how can the same process result in the paragon of beauty and the othering of “social death”? One needs one’s ideological x-ray specs to see the violence in scitex or to sympathize with the ugliness of the grotesque.]
201: Y argues that the Southern grotesque works differently than Baktihn’s tendentially fruitful version. For B, the grotesque is “gay and gracious,” “deeply positive,” whereas for the South, it is aligned with a threat to sacred categories that must be met with lethal force. She shores up this point via a reading of “Po’ Sandy” by Chesnutt and its observation about the destruction of the black body in Jim Crow: the Southern grotesque stages, not the opening up of the body to sex and reproduction but the “intrusions of the world and its aggressions” into/upon the abjected body (202).
202-3: The utopian moment in the grotesque hinges on witness: the witness takes on the pain of the other’s body and thus introjects history, claims its violence as one’s own ethical concern. Y claims that U “evades this trope’s critical power” (203) via an anticipation of the “photogenic lesions” of scitex.
203 ff: helpful lit review. High points:
—Sundquist: U is an “addendum to Sartoris primarily of veiled autobiographical interest”
—S
204: Observation that Ringo and Bayard are “undistinguishable” at first: link to Clarke’s reading. And note Ys reading of Faulkner’s depiction of enslaved as extras from a Cecil B. DeMille film (205): I would add with at 21stC flavor that they’re zombies, an unthinking mass of “bare lives” that Granny can crush and run over in pursuit of the plot. Not until GDM will Faulkner think about giving the black masses something of a voice, however tentatively.
210: Ys charming admission that she’s a sucker for Drusilla’s protofeminism and even for the heightened rhetoric at the end of the collection, in which the odor of verbena is all that’s left for Bayard of Drusilla, allowing him to appropriate her memory as an urn of sorts without having to negotiate with her actual desires and actions. And then the brilliant reading of the overdetermination of verbena: it’s not just Proustian melancholy re: the lost object; it’s not just female genital power, suffusing and subjecting with its eroticism; it’s linked with verbiage, with language: the “verbiage of the ballot box and post office and law school”; “that part of speech expressing both existence and action” (210). Y asks “what happens not only to Drusilla, but to her black compatriots … when these verbs are ceded to Bayard, when the story’s dreams of gender and race metamorphosis fade?”
210 ff.: What happens is that D changes from “vamp to vampire,” urging B to shed his New Southern Male skin and be a cavalier (211). In so doing, she tips over into the grotesque, vomiting laughter, caressing pistols, sinuously coming on, and moving into a parody of the kind of Southern melodrama then popular. Y argues that F deploys this mode critically, such that D “represents a collage of the dominant culture’s images that will not come together” via a “body so overloaded with competing codes” that it “comes apart at the seams” (213). But this moment meshes awkwardly with the ballot box moment, when she wields a pistol in the service of the emergent Jim Crow order, in which any alignment with Ringo is absurd, since she is literally destroying his capacity to leave his mark in the public sphere in even the most primitive way. Y speaks of F’s “twinning of Drusilla and her African American comrades” (215) but she seems aligned with whiteness from the start.
217: Dense moment in which Y claims (check this) that D and S ride into town to get married but “end up killing carpetbaggers instead” (217): surely they intend to shoot first and deal with the wedding later, if at all. She notes, too, that R’s comment about being “abolished” arrives at this moment as well, and that the confluence of these events effaces any chance of interracial solidarity. But was this a real chance to begin with? Isn’t Granny the site of interracial solidarity in the first place? On 218-19 she argues that Faulkner’s plot extends the violence by linking the disenfranchisement of black to the comic mode, with a “herd” of “niggers” and a withholding of “every vestige of sympathy for this ostracism” of blacks from politics. Note, too, that women are excluded from the ballot box as well, so D isn’t even entertaining her own power of inscription here beyond the zero degree of writing her blood lust on the bodies of the Burdens. D replaces the black Benbow as “voting commissioner” but immediately hands the writing materials, the ballot box, to the gunman George Wyatt, who fills out every ballot and refuses to count them. So inscription itself is effaced in favor of the fiction of unanimity, of self-presence, of voice vote.
219: Y asks a good question: “how is Ringo’s fate tied to Drusilla’s?” Basically it’s not
221: Drusilla “provides a new allegory for the ruined South: not as bride of the Confederacy, but as the spouse of a mangled Reconstruction, as war’s twisted aftermath”
222: Y rightly reads D in the end as a split subject, on the one hand grotesque and subversive and on the other as a scitexted body sutured together by the male gaze in the service of a conservative melancholy. But she reads D as “immobilized” at the end, which neither she nor Ringo is. Both are left as traces with future and modes of mobility and lability that have not been killed (yet) or contained within constricting legal/economic/social forms. Both move along lines of flight that might create other networks and that pop up, mutatis mutandis, in other places both in Faulkner’s work and in Southern history more broadly.
224: Y argues that conservatism of the story comes primarily from its use of B to gather up Ds parts and weave them into an allegory of “failed nationality and the compensatory invention of a new kind of imagined community.” In this allegory, verbena is not destabilizing verbiage but “the beautiful body of Southern possibility” that also, in a muffled way, witnesses to the “banished ardor” of D and the longing of African Americans to vote (225).