[ { "key": "WU62LX8B", "version": 9005, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/WU62LX8B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/WU62LX8B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Milajerdi et al.", "parsedDate": "2019-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "WU62LX8B", "version": 9005, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dose–response association of dietary sodium intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alireza", "lastName": "Milajerdi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kurosh", "lastName": "Djafarian" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sakineh", "lastName": "Shab-Bidar" } ], "abstractNote": "ObjectiveHigh Na intake has been associated with different health problems. However, serious controversies exist over studies investigating associations of Na intake with mortality from all-causes and CVD. The present systematic review and meta-analysis was done to investigate, for the first time, the dose–response association of dietary Na intake with all-cause and CVD mortality among prospective studies.DesignRelevant papers published up to August 2017 were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE and Google Scholar databases. Prospective cohort studies on the association of dietary Na intake with all-cause or/and CVD mortality were included. Linear and non-linear dose–response associations between Na intake and CVD and all-cause mortality were examined.ResultsOverall, twenty publications met inclusion criteria. A significant non-linear association (P<0·001) was found between Na intake and CVD mortality risk among studies assessing urinary Na excretion, with a relatively steep slope at Na intakes above 2400mg/d. However, the association was not significant in studies using dietary Na intake (P=0·61). Additionally, the non-linear association of Na intake with all-cause mortality was also non-significant. No linear association (effect size; 95 % CI; I2) was seen between 100mg/d increment in Na intake and CVD mortality (1·01; 0·97, 1·05; 98·4 %) or all-cause mortality (1·01; 1·00, 1·02; 89·2 %). Following subgroup analyses, the association between Na intake and CVD mortality was observed only among studies conducted in the USA (0·99; 0·99, 1·00; 20·0 %).ConclusionsThe study showed a direct association between urinary Na excretion and CVD mortality which was more considerable at intakes above 2400mg/d. In contrast, no significant association was found between Na intake and all-cause mortality. Further long-term prospective studies on different populations are required to confirm these findings.", "publicationTitle": "Public Health Nutrition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2019/02", "volume": "22", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "295-306", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1017/S1368980018002112", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/public-health-nutrition/article/doseresponse-association-of-dietary-sodium-intake-with-allcause-and-cardiovascular-mortality-a-systematic-review-and-metaanalysis-of-prospective-studies/756F12B0581AB6D70DB0200CEB165E33", "accessDate": "2024-12-21T15:36:04Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1368-9800, 1475-2727", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Dose–response association of dietary sodium intake with all-cause and cardiovascular mortality", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Cambridge University Press", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "All-cause mortality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cardiovascular mortality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Meta-analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sodium", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Systematic review", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-21T15:36:04Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-21T15:36:04Z" } }, { "key": "TLR5PWAN", "version": 9004, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/TLR5PWAN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/TLR5PWAN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TLR5PWAN", "version": 9004, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Compared With Usual Sodium Intake, Low- and Excessive-Sodium Diets Are Associated With Increased Mortality: A Meta-Analysis | American Journal of Hypertension | Oxford Academic", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://academic.oup.com/ajh/article-abstract/27/9/1129/2730186", "accessDate": "2024-12-21T15:35:04Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-21T15:35:04Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-21T15:35:04Z" } }, { "key": "75YYXVW3", "version": 9003, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/75YYXVW3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/75YYXVW3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Frassetto et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-08", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "75YYXVW3", "version": 9003, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dietary sodium chloride intake independently predicts the degree of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis in healthy humans consuming a net acid-producing diet", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lynda A.", "lastName": "Frassetto" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. Curtis", "lastName": "Morris" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anthony", "lastName": "Sebastian" } ], "abstractNote": "We previously demonstrated that typical American net acid-producing diets predict a low-grade metabolic acidosis of severity proportional to the diet net acid load as indexed by the steady-state renal net acid excretion rate (NAE). We now investigate whether a sodium (Na) chloride (Cl) containing diet likewise associates with a low-grade metabolic acidosis of severity proportional to the sodium chloride content of the diet as indexed by the steady-state Na and Cl excretion rates. In the steady-state preintervention periods of our previously reported studies comprising 77 healthy subjects, we averaged in each subject three to six values of blood hydrogen ion concentration ([H]b), plasma bicarbonate concentration ([HCO3−]p), the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (Pco2), the urinary excretion rates of Na, Cl, NAE, and renal function as measured by creatinine clearance (CrCl), and performed multivariate analyses. Dietary Cl strongly correlated positively with dietary Na (P < 0.001) and was an independent negative predictor of [HCO3−]p after adjustment for diet net acid load, Pco2 and CrCl, and positive and negative predictors, respectively, of [H]b and [HCO3−]p after adjustment for diet acid load and Pco2. These data provide the first evidence that, in healthy humans, the diet loads of NaCl and net acid independently predict systemic acid-base status, with increasing degrees of low-grade hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis as the loads increase. Assuming a causal relationship, over their respective ranges of variation, NaCl has ∼50–100% of the acidosis-producing effect of the diet net acid load.", "publicationTitle": "American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007-08", "volume": "293", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "F521-F525", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1152/ajprenal.00048.2007", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajprenal.00048.2007", "accessDate": "2024-12-21T15:10:34Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1931-857X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "journals.physiology.org (Atypon)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Publisher: American Physiological Society", "tags": [ { "tag": "acid-base", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pathophysiology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "salt", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-21T15:10:34Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-21T15:10:34Z" } }, { "key": "XEJJLTDP", "version": 9002, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/XEJJLTDP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/XEJJLTDP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Marlowe and Berbesque", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "XEJJLTDP", "version": 9002, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Tubers as fallback foods and their impact on Hadza hunter-gatherers", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank W.", "lastName": "Marlowe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Julia C.", "lastName": "Berbesque" } ], "abstractNote": "The Hadza are hunter-gatherers in Tanzania. Their diet can be conveniently categorized into five main categories: tubers, berries, meat, baobab, and honey. We showed the Hadza photos of these foods and asked them to rank them in order of preference. Honey was ranked the highest. Tubers, as expected from their low caloric value, were ranked lowest. Given that tubers are least preferred, we used kilograms of tubers arriving in camp across the year as a minimum estimate of their availability. Tubers fit the definition of fallback foods because they are the most continuously available but least preferred foods. Tubers are more often taken when berries are least available. We examined the impact of all foods by assessing variation in adult body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF) in relation to amount of foods arriving in camp. We found, controlling for region and season, women of reproductive age had a higher %BF in camps where more meat was acquired and a lower %BF where more tubers were taken. We discuss the implications of these results for the Hadza. We also discuss the importance of tubers in human evolution. Am J Phys Anthropol, 140:751–758, 2009. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.", "publicationTitle": "American Journal of Physical Anthropology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2009", "volume": "140", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "751-758", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1002/ajpa.21040", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.21040", "accessDate": "2024-12-17T00:31:35Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1096-8644", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc.", "extra": "_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/ajpa.21040", "tags": [ { "tag": "BMI", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "body fat", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "food preferences", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "paleodiet", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "seasonality", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-17T00:31:35Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-17T00:31:35Z" } }, { "key": "HHYLK5AU", "version": 9001, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/HHYLK5AU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/HHYLK5AU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HHYLK5AU", "version": 9001, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Tubers as fallback foods and their impact on Hadza hunter‐gatherers - Marlowe - 2009 - American Journal of Physical Anthropology - Wiley Online Library", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/ajpa.21040", "accessDate": "2024-12-17T00:20:00Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-17T00:20:00Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-17T00:20:00Z" } }, { "key": "YXUVRBQK", "version": 9000, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/YXUVRBQK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/YXUVRBQK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Barzel and Massey", "parsedDate": "1998-06-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "YXUVRBQK", "version": 9000, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Excess Dietary Protein Can Adversely Affect Bone12", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Uriel S.", "lastName": "Barzel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Linda K.", "lastName": "Massey" } ], "abstractNote": "The average American diet, which is high in protein and low in fruits and vegetables, generates a large amount of acid, mainly as sulfates and phosphates. The kidneys respond to this dietary acid challenge with net acid excretion, as well as ammonium and titratable acid excretion. Concurrently, the skeleton supplies buffer by active resorption of bone. Indeed, calciuria is directly related to net acid excretion. Different food proteins differ greatly in their potential acid load, and therefore in their acidogenic effect. A diet high in acid-ash proteins causes excessive calcium loss because of its acidogenic content. The addition of exogenous buffers, as chemical salts or as fruits and vegetables, to a high protein diet results in a less acid urine, a reduction in net acid excretion, reduced ammonium and titratable acid excretion, and decreased calciuria. Bone resorption may be halted, and bone accretion may actually occur. Alkali buffers, whether chemical salts or dietary fruits and vegetables high in potassium, reverse acid-induced obligatory urinary calcium loss. We conclude that excessive dietary protein from foods with high potential renal acid load adversely affects bone, unless buffered by the consumption of alkali-rich foods or supplements.", "publicationTitle": "The Journal of Nutrition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1998-06-01", "volume": "128", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1051-1053", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The Journal of Nutrition", "DOI": "10.1093/jn/128.6.1051", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022316623000676", "accessDate": "2024-12-14T17:58:21Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0022-3166", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "acid", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "bone", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "potassium", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "protein", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-14T17:58:21Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-14T17:58:21Z" } }, { "key": "LQESZABF", "version": 8999, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/LQESZABF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/LQESZABF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wang et al.", "parsedDate": "2022-07-27", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "LQESZABF", "version": 8999, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Association between dietary acid load and cancer risk and prognosis: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ran", "lastName": "Wang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zhao-Yan", "lastName": "Wen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fang-Hua", "lastName": "Liu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yi-Fan", "lastName": "Wei" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "He-Li", "lastName": "Xu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ming-Li", "lastName": "Sun" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yu-Hong", "lastName": "Zhao" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ting-Ting", "lastName": "Gong" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hui-Han", "lastName": "Wang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Qi-Jun", "lastName": "Wu" } ], "abstractNote": "

Epidemiological studies have suggested that dietary acid load (DAL) might be related to the risk and prognosis of cancer, whereas the evidence is contentious. Several high-quality observational studies have been published following a prior systematic review with only one study included. Consequently, we conducted an updated systematic review and meta-analysis to comprehensively investigate the relationship between DAL and cancer risk and prognosis. A systematic literature search was conducted in the PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science databases from inception to 26 October 2021. Summary relative risks (RRs) with 95% CIs were calculated using a random-effects model. Publication bias, subgroup, meta-regression, and sensitivity analyses were also conducted. Ten observational studies (six cohorts and four case–control studies) with 227,253 participants were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The summary RRs revealed a statistically significant associations between DAL and cancer risk (RR = 1.58, 95% CI = 1.23–2.05, I2 = 71.9%, n = 7) and prognosis (RR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.10–2.13, I2 = 77.1%, n = 3). No evidence of publication bias was observed in the current analysis. Positive associations were observed in most subgroup analyses stratified by predefined factors, including region, study design, study quality, study population, participants’ gender, age of participants, cancer type, DAL assessment indicator, and adjustment of potential confounding parameters. No evidence of heterogeneity between subgroups was indicated by meta-regression analyses. The high DAL might be associated with an increased risk of cancer, as well as a poor prognosis of cancer. More high-quality prospective studies are warranted to further determine the associations between DAL and risk and prognosis for specific cancers.

", "publicationTitle": "Frontiers in Nutrition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2022-07-27", "volume": "9", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Front. Nutr.", "DOI": "10.3389/fnut.2022.891936", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/nutrition/articles/10.3389/fnut.2022.891936/full", "accessDate": "2024-12-14T17:14:22Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2296-861X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Association between dietary acid load and cancer risk and prognosis", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "Frontiers", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Publisher: Frontiers", "tags": [ { "tag": "Cancer", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "DIETARY ACID LOAD", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Meta-analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Systematic review", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "prognosis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "risk", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-14T17:14:22Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-14T17:14:22Z" } }, { "key": "DB9Q3P3E", "version": 8998, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/DB9Q3P3E", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/DB9Q3P3E", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hruby and Hu", "parsedDate": "2016", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DB9Q3P3E", "version": 8998, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Saturated fat and heart disease: The latest evidence", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adela", "lastName": "Hruby" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank B.", "lastName": "Hu" } ], "abstractNote": "In recent years, many nutrition news headlines exclaimed that saturated fat was not linked to heart disease, leaving the public confused about whether to limit intake, as has been the dietary recommendation for several decades. However, a more nuanced look at the evidence indicates that high saturated fat diets are in fact not benign with respect to heart disease risk. Dietary recommendations should emphasize replacing saturated fats typical in red and processed meats, and certain tropical oils and dairy forms, with healthier polyunsaturated and monounsaturated fat-rich foods, such as nuts, olive oil, and fatty fish, as well as healthy sources of carbohydrates, such as fiber-rich whole-grain foods, rather than refined-grain and sugar-laden foods.", "publicationTitle": "Lipid Technology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2016", "volume": "28", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7-12", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1002/lite.201600001", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/lite.201600001", "accessDate": "2024-12-13T18:41:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1863-5377", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Saturated fat and heart disease", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2016 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim", "extra": "_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/lite.201600001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Saturated fat", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "carbohydrates", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "heart disease", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "monounsaturated fat", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "polyunsaturated fat", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-13T18:41:27Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-13T18:41:27Z" } }, { "key": "BPRKSGED", "version": 8997, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/BPRKSGED", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/BPRKSGED", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "DiNicolantonio et al.", "parsedDate": "2016-03-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BPRKSGED", "version": 8997, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Evidence for Saturated Fat and for Sugar Related to Coronary Heart Disease", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James J.", "lastName": "DiNicolantonio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sean C.", "lastName": "Lucan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James H.", "lastName": "O’Keefe" } ], "abstractNote": "Dietary guidelines continue to recommend restricting intake of saturated fats. This recommendation follows largely from the observation that saturated fats can raise levels of total serum cholesterol (TC), thereby putatively increasing the risk of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD). However, TC is only modestly associated with CHD, and more important than the total level of cholesterol in the blood may be the number and size of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles that contain it. As for saturated fats, these fats are a diverse class of compounds; different fats may have different effects on LDL and on broader CHD risk based on the specific saturated fatty acids (SFAs) they contain. Importantly, though, people eat foods, not isolated fatty acids. Some food sources of SFAs may pose no risk for CHD or possibly even be protective. Advice to reduce saturated fat in the diet without regard to nuances about LDL, SFAs, or dietary sources could actually increase people's risk of CHD. When saturated fats are replaced with refined carbohydrates, and specifically with added sugars (like sucrose or high fructose corn syrup), the end result is not favorable for heart health. Such replacement leads to changes in LDL, high-density lipoprotein (HDL), and triglycerides that may increase the risk of CHD. Additionally, diets high in sugar may induce many other abnormalities associated with elevated CHD risk, including elevated levels of glucose, insulin, and uric acid, impaired glucose tolerance, insulin and leptin resistance, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, and altered platelet function. A diet high in added sugars has been found to cause a 3-fold increased risk of death due to cardiovascular disease, but sugars, like saturated fats, are a diverse class of compounds. The monosaccharide, fructose, and fructose-containing sweeteners (e.g., sucrose) produce greater degrees of metabolic abnormalities than does glucose (either isolated as a monomer, or in chains as starch) and may present greater risk of CHD. This paper reviews the evidence linking saturated fats and sugars to CHD, and concludes that the latter is more of a problem than the former. Dietary guidelines should shift focus away from reducing saturated fat, and from replacing saturated fat with carbohydrates, specifically when these carbohydrates are refined. To reduce the burden of CHD, guidelines should focus particularly on reducing intake of concentrated sugars, specifically the fructose-containing sugars like sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup in the form of ultra-processed foods and beverages.", "publicationTitle": "Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2016-03-01", "volume": "58", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "464-472", "series": "Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Diseases", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases", "DOI": "10.1016/j.pcad.2015.11.006", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0033062015300256", "accessDate": "2024-12-13T18:38:22Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0033-0620", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Cardiovascular disease", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cholesterol", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Coronary heart disease", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fatty acids", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fructose", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lipids", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lipoproteins", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Saturated fat", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sucrose", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sugar", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-13T18:38:22Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-13T18:38:22Z" } }, { "key": "66RRZBKE", "version": 8996, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/66RRZBKE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/66RRZBKE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lawrence", "parsedDate": "2013-05-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "66RRZBKE", "version": 8996, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dietary Fats and Health: Dietary Recommendations in the Context of Scientific Evidence", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Glen D.", "lastName": "Lawrence" } ], "abstractNote": "Although early studies showed that saturated fat diets with very low levels of PUFAs increase serum cholesterol, whereas other studies showed high serum cholesterol increased the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD), the evidence of dietary saturated fats increasing CAD or causing premature death was weak. Over the years, data revealed that dietary saturated fatty acids (SFAs) are not associated with CAD and other adverse health effects or at worst are weakly associated in some analyses when other contributing factors may be overlooked. Several recent analyses indicate that SFAs, particularly in dairy products and coconut oil, can improve health. The evidence of ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) promoting inflammation and augmenting many diseases continues to grow, whereas ω3 PUFAs seem to counter these adverse effects. The replacement of saturated fats in the diet with carbohydrates, especially sugars, has resulted in increased obesity and its associated health complications. Well-established mechanisms have been proposed for the adverse health effects of some alternative or replacement nutrients, such as simple carbohydrates and PUFAs. The focus on dietary manipulation of serum cholesterol may be moot in view of numerous other factors that increase the risk of heart disease. The adverse health effects that have been associated with saturated fats in the past are most likely due to factors other than SFAs, which are discussed here. This review calls for a rational reevaluation of existing dietary recommendations that focus on minimizing dietary SFAs, for which mechanisms for adverse health effects are lacking.", "publicationTitle": "Advances in Nutrition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013-05-01", "volume": "4", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "294-302", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Advances in Nutrition", "DOI": "10.3945/an.113.003657", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2161831322011164", "accessDate": "2024-12-13T18:36:16Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2161-8313", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Dietary Fats and Health", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-13T18:36:16Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-13T18:36:16Z" } }, { "key": "APKEFCCK", "version": 8995, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/APKEFCCK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/APKEFCCK", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/2VLHDT68", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "APKEFCCK", "version": 8995, "parentItem": "2VLHDT68", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed Central Link", "accessDate": "2024-12-12T15:08:54Z", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3604792/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-12T15:08:54Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-12T15:08:54Z" } }, { "key": "2VLHDT68", "version": 8995, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/2VLHDT68", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/2VLHDT68", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Scialla and Anderson", "parsedDate": "2013-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2VLHDT68", "version": 8995, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dietary acid load: A novel nutritional target in chronic kidney disease?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Julia J.", "lastName": "Scialla" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cheryl A.M.", "lastName": "Anderson" } ], "abstractNote": "Nonvolatile acid is produced from the metabolism of organic sulfur in dietary protein, and the production of organic anions during the combustion of neutral foods. Organic anion salts that are found primarily in plant foods are directly absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract and yield bicarbonate. The difference between endogenously produced nonvolatile acid and absorbed alkali precursors yields the dietary acid load, technically known as the net endogenous acid production, and must be excreted by the kidney to maintain acid-base balance. Although typically around 1 mEq/kg/day, dietary acid load is lower with greater intake of fruits and vegetables. In the setting of chronic kidney disease, a high dietary acid load invokes adaptive mechanisms to increase acid excretion despite reduced nephron number, such as increased per nephron ammoniagenesis and augmented distal acid excretion mediated by the renin-angiotensin system and endothelin-1. These adaptations may promote renal injury. Additionally, high dietary acid loads produce low-grade, subclinical acidosis that may result in bone and muscle loss. Early studies suggest that lowering the dietary acid load can improve subclinical acidosis, preserve bone and muscle, and slow decline of glomerular filtration rate in animal models and humans. Studies focusing on hard clinical outcomes are needed.", "publicationTitle": "Advances in chronic kidney disease", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013-3", "volume": "20", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "141-149", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Adv Chronic Kidney Dis", "DOI": "10.1053/j.ackd.2012.11.001", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3604792/", "accessDate": "2024-12-12T15:08:54Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1548-5595", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Dietary acid load", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 23439373\nPMCID: PMC3604792", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-12T15:08:54Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-12T15:08:54Z" } }, { "key": "U87CDHI8", "version": 8994, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/U87CDHI8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/U87CDHI8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rolf and Januszko", "parsedDate": "2024-10-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "U87CDHI8", "version": 8994, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Risk Factors for a Higher Dietary Acid Load (Potential Renal Acid Load) in Free-Living Elderly in Poland", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Katarzyna", "lastName": "Rolf" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Olga", "lastName": "Januszko" } ], "abstractNote": "Background: Dietary composition is one of the factors influencing the acid–base balance of the body by providing acid or base precursors. One of the methods for assessing the acid-forming potential of a diet is to calculate its potential renal acid load (PRAL). The aim of this study was to identify the sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health factors related to the PRAL. Methods: Dietary intake was assessed among 133 individuals aged 70+ years using the three-day record method. Results: The average PRAL value was 15.7 mEq/day (range from −42.4 to +101.7). The diets of a majority of the participants (71.4%) had acid-forming potential (PRAL > 0). From a univariate analysis, the acid-forming potential of the diets was linked mainly to women (65.3% in PRAL > 0 group vs. 10.5% in PRAL < 0 group), people using dietary supplements, those who consumed alcohol, those who assessed their health as being at least good, people with osteoporosis, those hospitalized during the previous year, and those with rather lower physical activity. Conclusions: From a multivariate analysis, gender was the strongest predictor of an acid-forming diet, but the following also contributed: an average self-rated health status (compared to good), a good health status (compared to poor), alcohol drinking, hospitalization, lack of nutritional knowledge, and, to a lesser extent, non-frail status (compared to pre-frail). Therefore, more extensive nutritional education in the identified groups is required.", "publicationTitle": "Nutrients", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2024-10-08", "volume": "16", "issue": "19", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3409", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nutrients", "DOI": "10.3390/nu16193409", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11478483/", "accessDate": "2024-12-12T15:08:41Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2072-6643", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 39408377\nPMCID: PMC11478483", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-12T15:08:41Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-12T15:08:41Z" } }, { "key": "LFVWNNSF", "version": 8994, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/LFVWNNSF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/LFVWNNSF", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/U87CDHI8", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "LFVWNNSF", "version": 8994, "parentItem": "U87CDHI8", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed Central Link", "accessDate": "2024-12-12T15:08:41Z", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11478483/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-12T15:08:41Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-12T15:08:41Z" } }, { "key": "IQNG7HFK", "version": 8993, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/IQNG7HFK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/IQNG7HFK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IQNG7HFK", "version": 8993, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Dietary sodium chloride intake independently predicts the degree of hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis in healthy humans consuming a net acid-producing diet | American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://journals.physiology.org/doi/full/10.1152/ajprenal.00048.2007", "accessDate": "2024-12-12T02:04:58Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-12T02:04:58Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-12T02:04:58Z" } }, { "key": "EPGBUUIM", "version": 8992, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/EPGBUUIM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/EPGBUUIM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Esche et al.", "parsedDate": "2018-01-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "EPGBUUIM", "version": 8992, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dietary Potential Renal Acid Load Is Positively Associated with Serum Uric Acid and Odds of Hyperuricemia in the German Adult Population", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jonas", "lastName": "Esche" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Danika", "lastName": "Krupp" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gert BM", "lastName": "Mensink" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Remer" } ], "abstractNote": "Background\nInitial interventional data indicate that a reduction in dietary acid load (e.g., by an increased consumption of alkalizing fruit and vegetables) can increase renal uric acid excretion and decrease serum uric acid (SUA).\nObjective\nAgainst this background, we examined the association between dietary potential renal acid load (PRAL) and SUA in a representative population sample.\nMethods\nCross-sectional analyses were performed in 6894 participants (aged 18–79 y) of the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Adults (DEGS1). Dietary intake was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire. Nutritive acid load and the intake of uric acid equivalents (UAEs) were characterized by assigning PRAL and UAE values to reported food consumption. In multiple linear regression models, the associations of PRAL, UAEs, and relevant food groups with SUA were analyzed. Multiple logistic regressions were used to calculate ORs for hyperuricemia comparing lower and upper tertiles of the predictors.\nResults\nAfter adjustment for relevant confounders, PRAL (P = 0.003), alcohol (P < 0.0001), and UAE (P = 0.03) intakes were positively associated with SUA, whereas the intake of dairy products and fruit and vegetables was inversely associated (both P < 0.0001). Subgroup analyses among participants without interacting medication use confirmed these results. In addition, participants with lower PRAL had lower odds for hyperuricemia (OR: 0.60; 95% CI: 0.43, 0.83).\nConclusions\nApart from observing known dietary influences on SUA, we found in this population-based, cross-sectional study in adults that low PRAL may represent a potentially SUA-reducing dietary pattern. This highlights dietary alkalization as a possible nonpharmacologic option to influence elevated SUA concentrations.", "publicationTitle": "The Journal of Nutrition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2018-01-01", "volume": "148", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "49-55", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The Journal of Nutrition", "DOI": "10.1093/jn/nxx003", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022316622108679", "accessDate": "2024-12-10T00:49:02Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0022-3166", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "DEGS1", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "dietary acid load", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "nutrition", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "potential renal acid load", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "serum uric acid", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-10T00:49:02Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-10T00:49:02Z" } }, { "key": "B3PWDRSK", "version": 8991, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/B3PWDRSK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/B3PWDRSK", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/RIH7VJRN", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "B3PWDRSK", "version": 8991, "parentItem": "RIH7VJRN", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2024-12-10T00:15:18Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8182144", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-10T00:15:18Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-10T00:15:18Z" } }, { "key": "RIH7VJRN", "version": 8991, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/RIH7VJRN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/RIH7VJRN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mitch et al.", "parsedDate": "1994-05-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RIH7VJRN", "version": 8991, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Metabolic acidosis stimulates muscle protein degradation by activating the adenosine triphosphate-dependent pathway involving ubiquitin and proteasomes.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "W. E.", "lastName": "Mitch" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Medina" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Grieber" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. C.", "lastName": "May" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B. K.", "lastName": "England" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. R.", "lastName": "Price" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. L.", "lastName": "Bailey" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. L.", "lastName": "Goldberg" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Journal of Clinical Investigation", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1994/05/01", "volume": "93", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2127-2133", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Clin Invest", "DOI": "10.1172/JCI117208", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.jci.org/articles/view/117208", "accessDate": "2024-12-10T00:15:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0021-9738", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.jci.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation\nPMID: 8182144", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-10T00:15:18Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-10T00:15:18Z" } }, { "key": "8HFIM7Z4", "version": 8990, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/8HFIM7Z4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/8HFIM7Z4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Paredes and Ribeiro", "parsedDate": "2014-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8HFIM7Z4", "version": 8990, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Cortisol: the villain in Metabolic Syndrome?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sílvia", "lastName": "Paredes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Laura", "lastName": "Ribeiro" } ], "abstractNote": "Objective This article reviews the state of the art regarding the association between glucocorticoid actions and both obesity and insulin resistance, two main features of the metabolic syndrome. Methods A methodological assessment of the literature on PubMed and SciELO databases was conducted by using the following terms: stress, metabolic syndrome, glucocorticoids, obesity, insulin resistance, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal-axis and 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Results Chronic stress, mainly through hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis dysregulation, promotes the accumulation of visceral fat. Reciprocally, obesity promotes a systemic low-grade inflammation state, mediated by increased adipokine secretion, which can chronically stimulate and disturb stress system. This vicious cycle, probably initiated by visceral adipose tissue dysfunction, might be the trigger for the development of metabolic syndrome. Conclusion Given the strong evidences linking glucocorticoid release, obesity and type 2 diabetes, better understanding of the mechanisms underlying this connection might be useful for prevention and treatment of the metabolic syndrome.", "publicationTitle": "Revista da Associação Médica Brasileira", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014-Jan-Feb", "volume": "60", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "84-92", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Rev. Assoc. Med. Bras.", "DOI": "10.1590/1806-9282.60.01.017", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.scielo.br/j/ramb/a/QMSk3wB3kFN8pwSVpSmsFdd/", "accessDate": "2024-12-09T23:16:42Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0104-4230, 1806-9282", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Cortisol", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "SciELO", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Publisher: Associação Médica Brasileira", "tags": [ { "tag": "11βHydroxysteroid", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "dehydrogenase", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "glucocorticoids", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "insulin resistance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "metabolic Syndrome", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "obesity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "stress", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-09T23:16:42Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-09T23:16:42Z" } }, { "key": "GQXASUHH", "version": 8989, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/GQXASUHH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/GQXASUHH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hamm", "parsedDate": "1999-11-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "GQXASUHH", "version": 8989, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Role of glucocorticoids in acidosis", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L. Lee", "lastName": "Hamm" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "American Journal of Kidney Diseases", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1999-11-01", "volume": "34", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "960-965", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "American Journal of Kidney Diseases", "DOI": "10.1016/S0272-6386(99)70059-4", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.ajkd.org/article/S0272-6386(99)70059-4/fulltext", "accessDate": "2024-12-09T22:53:17Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0272-6386, 1523-6838", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "www.ajkd.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Publisher: Elsevier\nPMID: 10561158", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-09T22:53:17Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-09T22:53:17Z" } }, { "key": "P2Q2ZSRD", "version": 8989, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/P2Q2ZSRD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/P2Q2ZSRD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/GQXASUHH", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "P2Q2ZSRD", "version": 8989, "parentItem": "GQXASUHH", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2024-12-09T22:53:17Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10561158", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-09T22:53:17Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-09T22:53:17Z" } }, { "key": "HL49XHUR", "version": 8988, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/HL49XHUR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/HL49XHUR", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/RRAEJPVK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "HL49XHUR", "version": 8988, "parentItem": "RRAEJPVK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed Central Link", "accessDate": "2024-12-09T21:37:47Z", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5946302/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-09T21:37:47Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-09T21:37:47Z" } }, { "key": "RRAEJPVK", "version": 8988, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/RRAEJPVK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/RRAEJPVK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Frassetto et al.", "parsedDate": "2018-04-21", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RRAEJPVK", "version": 8988, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Acid Balance, Dietary Acid Load, and Bone Effects—A Controversial Subject", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lynda", "lastName": "Frassetto" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tanushree", "lastName": "Banerjee" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Neil", "lastName": "Powe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anthony", "lastName": "Sebastian" } ], "abstractNote": "Modern Western diets, with higher contents of animal compared to fruits and vegetable products, have a greater content of acid precursors vs. base precursors, which results in a net acid load to the body. To prevent inexorable accumulation of acid in the body and progressively increasing degrees of metabolic acidosis, the body has multiple systems to buffer and titrate acid, including bone which contains large quantities of alkaline salts of calcium. Both in vitro and in vivo studies in animals and humans suggest that bone base helps neutralize part of the dietary net acid load. This raises the question of whether decades of eating a high acid diet might contribute to the loss of bone mass in osteoporosis. If this idea is true, then additional alkali ingestion in the form of net base-producing foods or alkalinizing salts could potentially prevent this acid-related loss of bone. Presently, data exists that support both the proponents as well as the opponents of this hypothesis. Recent literature reviews have tended to support either one side or the other. Assuming that the data cited by both sides is correct, we suggest a way to reconcile the discordant findings. This overview will first discuss dietary acids and bases and the idea of changes in acid balance with increasing age, then review the evidence for and against the usefulness of alkali therapy as a treatment for osteoporosis, and finally suggest a way of reconciling these two opposing points of view.", "publicationTitle": "Nutrients", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2018-4-21", "volume": "10", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "517", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nutrients", "DOI": "10.3390/nu10040517", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5946302/", "accessDate": "2024-12-09T21:37:46Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2072-6643", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 29690515\nPMCID: PMC5946302", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-09T21:37:46Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-09T21:37:46Z" } }, { "key": "2UWLK7SY", "version": 8987, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/2UWLK7SY", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/2UWLK7SY", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Naude", "parsedDate": "2022-01-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2UWLK7SY", "version": 8987, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Chronic Sub-Clinical Systemic Metabolic Acidosis – A Review with Implications for Clinical Practice", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "MTech (Hom), David Francis", "lastName": "Naude" } ], "abstractNote": "When arterial serum pH remains near the lower pH limit of 7.35 for protracted periods of time, a low-grade, sub-clinical form of acidosis results, referred to in this review as chronic, sub-clinical, systemic metabolic acidosis (CSSMA). This narrative review explores the scientific basis for CSSMA, its consequences for health, and potential therapeutic interventions. The major etiology of CSSMA is the shift away from the ancestral, alkaline diet which was rich in fruit and vegetables, toward the contemporary, acidogenic ‘Westernized’ diet characterized by higher animal protein consumption and lack of base forming minerals. Urine pH is reduced with high dietary acid load and may be a convenient marker of CSSMA. Evidence suggests further that CSSMA negatively influences cortisol levels potentially contributing significantly to the pathophysiology thereof. Both CSSMA and high dietary acid load are associated with the risk and prognosis of various chronic diseases. Clinical trials show that CSSMA can be addressed successfully through alkalizing the diet by increasing fruit and vegetable intake and/or supplementing with alkaline minerals. This review confirms the existence of a significant body of evidence regarding this low-grade form of acidosis as well as evidence to support its diverse negative implications for health, and concludes that CSSMA is a condition warranting further research.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Evidence-Based Integrative Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2022-01-01", "volume": "27", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2515690X221142352", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med", "DOI": "10.1177/2515690X221142352", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1177/2515690X221142352", "accessDate": "2024-12-09T21:17:15Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2515-690X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "SAGE Journals", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Publisher: SAGE Publications Inc STM", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-09T21:17:15Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-09T21:17:15Z" } }, { "key": "79V6655X", "version": 8986, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 8190, "name": "biological anthropology", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/8190/items/79V6655X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biological_anthropology/items/79V6655X", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 86674, "username": "letuhuy", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/letuhuy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bushinsky and Krieger", "parsedDate": "2022-06-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "79V6655X", "version": 8986, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effects of acid on bone", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David A.", "lastName": "Bushinsky" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nancy S.", "lastName": "Krieger" } ], "abstractNote": "The homeostatic regulation of a stable systemic pH is of critical importance for mammalian survival. During metabolic acidosis (a reduction in systemic pH caused by a primary decrease in serum bicarbonate concentration), as seen in clinical disorders such as the later stages of chronic kidney disease, renal tubular acidosis, or chronic diarrhea, bone buffers the accumulated acid; however, this homeostatic function of the skeleton occurs at the expense of the bone mineral content and leads to decreased bone quality. During short-term studies to model acute metabolic acidosis, there is initial physiochemical bone mineral dissolution, releasing carbonate and phosphate proton buffers into the extracellular fluid. In addition, there is net proton influx into the mineral with release of bone sodium and potassium. During long-term studies to model chronic metabolic acidosis, there is also inhibition of osteoblast activity, resulting in reduced bone formation, and an increase in osteoclast activity, resulting in increased bone resorption and release of calcium and anionic proton buffers. These physicochemical and cell-mediated bone responses to metabolic acidosis, in addition to an acidosis-induced increased urine calcium excretion, without a corresponding increase in intestinal calcium absorption, induce a net loss of body calcium that is almost certainly derived from the mineral stores of bone.", "publicationTitle": "Kidney International", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2022-06-01", "volume": "101", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1160-1170", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Kidney International", "DOI": "10.1016/j.kint.2022.02.032", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0085253822002174", "accessDate": "2024-12-06T23:07:32Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0085-2538", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "bone", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "calcium", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mineral metabolism", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-12-06T23:07:32Z", "dateModified": "2024-12-06T23:07:32Z" } } ]