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            "abstractNote": "Purpose: The first Elder Abuse Forensic Center (EAFC) in the United States was instituted in 2003. People from a variety of disciplines, including Adult Protective Services social workers, law enforcement, the district attorney's office, a medical response team, public guardian deputies, ombudsmen, mental health services, a victim advocate, and a domestic violence expert work cooperatively on cases of elder and dependent-adult mistreatment. Researchers conducted an assessment of the EAFC's impact on the efficiency and effectiveness of the collaboration. Design and Methods: Mixed quantitative and qualitative methods included statistical analysis of data from outcome surveys of EAFC collaborators and illustrative case studies developed from case files and structured interviews. Results: Mean survey scores evaluating the efficiency and effectiveness of the collaboration were significantly better than neutral responses. Case studies show efficient and effective case management through cooperation of the collaborating agencies. Survey results clearly support perceptions exemplified in case studies. Implications: An EAFC enhances the efficiency and effectiveness of those who address elder abuse in one community, which in turn leads to improved outcomes. Continued analysis to identify strengths, weaknesses, and cost effectiveness of the EAFC model is ongoing.",
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            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Most studies about abuse, mistreatment and neglect of the aged have relied upon definitions provided by professionals and not the aged themselves whereas studies point out that definitions given by the aged do not correspond with those of professionals. Limited attention has been given to this topic in Puerto Rico and no studies to date have relied upon a validated and reliable questionnaire in Spanish for the Puerto Rican aged. OBJECTIVES: To develop and validate an instrument in Spanish in order to measure the opinion, attitude and exposure of aged Puerto Ricans to abuse, mistreatment and neglect. METHODS: A 107 item questionnaire was developed using as a guide definitions and examples of abuse, mistreatment and neglect provided by the National Center on Elder Abuse of the United States. The sample was made up of 430 aged residing in community who were willing to participate. Interviews were carried out from August to December 2004. The questionnaire scale of response was \"yes\" \"no\" and \"neutral\". Item analysis, internal consistency reliability using Cronbach's alfa index and factor analysis using maximum likelihood estimation technique were performed. RESULTS: Results showed adequate estimations of validity and reliability. The final form of the questionnaire was made up of 57 items of these 34 are related to attitude and 23 to exposure of the aged to abuse, mistreatment and neglect. CONCLUSIONS: The validity of the constructed instrument has been documented as least preliminarily. Thus this pilot study makes a contribution to the field of psychometric evaluation, social gerontology and related disciplines.",
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            "abstractNote": "The current demographic landscape features an increasing number of elderly individuals in the care of some trusted other. Being cared for by a trusted other raises the potential for mistreatment of the elder by that trusted other. The goal of this paper is to explore the possibility of preventing elder mistreatment by increasing the bridging and bonding social capital available to caretakers. Attending to social capital lets researchers expand their focus toward areas rarely examined through current stress-outcome models (e.g., interpersonal interactions). First, elder mistreatment and social capital are defined and discussed. Then, a model is forwarded that details how social capital might mitigate the effects of caretaker stress and decrease the probability that caretakers will engage in elder mistreatment in both home and long-term care institutional settings. Finally, implications for future research and practical intervention are discussed.",
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            "creatorSummary": "Schofield and Mishra",
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            "version": 2909,
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            "title": "Three year health outcomes among older women at risk of elder abuse: women's health Australia",
            "creators": [
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Margot J",
                    "lastName": "Schofield"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Gita D",
                    "lastName": "Mishra"
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            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Older women are at increasing risk of various forms of familial violence, yet detection is poor and very little is known of the long-term health effects of this psychosocial problem. The effectiveness of the 'Vulnerability to Abuse' Screening Scale (VASS) in predicting three year health outcomes was investigated among women enrolled in the Australian Longitudinal Study on Women's Health, now known as Women's Health Australia. METHODS: The sample comprised a cohort of 10,421 women aged 73-78 who completed the 1996 and 1999 postal surveys (attrition rate 19.5%). The Time 2 sample had a small bias towards lower risk for elder abuse at Time 1 and better health on SF-36 and self-rated health. The VASS is a 12-item self-report measure with 4 factors: vulnerability, coercion, dependence and dejection. RESULTS: Overall, physical health (PCS) declined while mental health (MCS) increased over the three year period. Decline in physical health was predicted by only the dejection factor, but not by factors which seem to more directly measure abuse. The predictive validity of the VASS for three year mental health outcomes was given partial support. Three of the four VASS factors (dejection, vulnerability, and coercion) predicted decline in mental health at the univariate level, however, after adjusting for confounders, only one VASS factor (dejection) independently predicted decline in mental health. CONCLUSIONS: While the VASS shows some promise as a marker of health risk in older women, only the dejection factor proved consistently predictive of declining health status. Further research is needed to determine longer term predictive validity of the scale and to gain a clearer picture of how abusive experiences impact on older women's health.",
            "publicationTitle": "Quality of Life Research: An International Journal of Quality of Life Aspects of Treatment, Care and Rehabilitation",
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            "date": "Aug 2004",
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            "shortTitle": "Three year health outcomes among older women at risk of elder abuse",
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                    "tag": "Questionnaires",
                    "type": 1
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            "creatorSummary": "Erlingsson",
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            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Searching for elder abuse: a systematic review of database citations",
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Christen L",
                    "lastName": "Erlingsson"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "The aim of this review was to describe trends and patterns in elder abuse literature and research. All citations in PUB MED, CINAHL, and PsycINFO databases located using the search term \"elder abuse\" were retrieved (3,059 citations) and 2,418 unique references were identified. Using manifest content analysis, non-research material (1,986 references) was sorted by type and research references (34 dissertations and 398 research articles) were categorized. Research article references most commonly: (1) investigated prevalence, typology, and definitions of elder abuse; (2) utilized quantitative methodology; (3) had first author affiliations to medicine, nursing, and social sciences; and (4) sampled populations of professionals, personnel, cases, or charts. The USA was most frequently listed of 24 identified countries of origin. Elder abuse research shows lack of diversity, slow increase of qualitative research, limited involvement of older persons and family members as participants, and minimal research from developing countries. This review contributes to knowledge valuable for researchers and experts planning future studies or elder abuse projects.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2007",
            "volume": "19",
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            "partNumber": "",
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            "pages": "59-78",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "J Elder Abuse Negl",
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            "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18160381",
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            "title": "Recommendations for the elder abuse, health, and justice fields about medical forensic issues related to elder abuse and neglect",
            "creators": [
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                    "firstName": "Lori",
                    "lastName": "Stiegel"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Increased interest in pursuing criminal and civil actions against alleged perpetrators of elder abuse and neglect has revealed that efforts to assist victims and hold perpetrators accountable are often hampered by the lack of knowledge about the detection and diagnosis of elder abuse and neglect and by the lack of resources for development of research and assistance in these matters. This report sets forth recommendations for the elder abuse, health, and justice fields about medical forensic issues related to elder abuse and neglect. The recommendations were developed by a \"working group\" of experts representing an array of disciplines that address the problem of elder abuse and neglect pursuant to a grant project funded by the National Institute of Justice (NIJ), the research, development, and evaluation agency of the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). The project was conducted by the American Bar Association Commission on Law and Aging, with the assistance of the University of California, Irvine School of Medicine. This was the final project report submitted to NIJ; it has been updated to include information about the availability of reports and products from other grant projects that are discussed in the report.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect",
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            "place": "",
            "date": "2006",
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            "issue": "1",
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            "partNumber": "",
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            "pages": "41-81",
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            "creatorSummary": "Daly and Jogerst",
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            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Readability and content of elder abuse instruments",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Jeanette M",
                    "lastName": "Daly"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Gerald J",
                    "lastName": "Jogerst"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Since elder abuse was first acknowledged as a health care and social problem, incidence and prevalence of mistreatment has been assessed sparingly in the United States and other countries around the world. Standardized instruments for determining the prevalence of elder abuse have not been developed and other instruments measuring a person's function and spousal violence have been adapted for the measurement of elder abuse prevalence. The purposes of this paper are to (1) ascertain the reading grade level of the most frequently used elder abuse prevalence instrument's text and (2) determine the content validity of the instruments with respect to the types of elder abuse included in them. A review of the instruments used to measure elder abuse prevalence was completed and a questionnaire was developed to measure the reading grade level and type of elder abuse content in four instruments. The Fry Readability, Flesch Reading Ease, and McLaughlin Grading formulas were used to determine reading grade level. A questionnaire regarding content validity was sent to 69 faculty and staff in one university department and a 59% return was achieved. The Conflict Tactics Scale and the Hwalek-Sengstock Elder Abuse-Screening Test had the lowest mean score at the 6th grade reading level. Results of content analysis for types of elder abuse demonstrated none of the instruments are comprehensive. Instruments to measure the prevalence are needed which balance readability and content validity.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2005",
            "volume": "17",
            "issue": "4",
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            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "31-52",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "J Elder Abuse Negl",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17050491",
            "accessDate": "2009-12-11T05:28:06Z",
            "PMID": "17050491",
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        "version": 2909,
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            "creatorSummary": "Wilson et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2008",
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        "data": {
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            "version": 2909,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Psychotherapeutic treatments for older depressed people",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "K C M",
                    "lastName": "Wilson"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "P G",
                    "lastName": "Mottram"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "C A",
                    "lastName": "Vassilas"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Despite a number of reviews advocating psychotherapy for the treatment of depression, there is relatively little evidence based on randomised controlled trials that specifically examines its efficacy in older people. OBJECTIVES: To examine the efficacy of psychotherapeutic treatments for depression in older people. SEARCH STRATEGY: CCDANCTR-Studies and CCDANCTR-References were searched on 11/9/2006. The International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Irish Journal of Psychiatry were handsearched. Reference lists of previous published systematic reviews, included/excluded trial articles and bibliographies were scrutinised. Experts in the field were contacted.. SELECTION CRITERIA: All randomised controlled trials that included older adults diagnosed as suffering from depression (ICD or DSM criteria) were included. All types of psychotherapeutic treatments were included, categorised into cognitive behavioural therapies (CBT), psychodynamic therapy, interpersonal therapy and supportive therapies. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Meta-analysis was performed, using odds ratios for dichotomous outcomes and weighted mean differences (WMD) for continuous outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals. Primary outcomes were a reduction in severity of depression, usually measured by clinician rated rating scales. Secondary outcomes, including dropout and life satisfaction, were also analysed. MAIN RESULTS: The search identified nine trials of cognitive behavioural and psychodynamic therapy approaches, together with a small group of 'active control' interventions. No trials relating to other psychotherapeutic approaches and techniques were found. A total of seven trials provided sufficient data for inclusion in the comparison between CBT and controls. No trials compared psychodynamic psychotherapy with controls. Based on five trials (153 participants), cognitive behavioural therapy was more effective than waiting list controls (WMD -9.85, 95% CI -11.97 to -7.73). Only three small trials compared psychodynamic therapy with CBT, with no significant difference in treatment effect indicated between the two types of psychotherapeutic treatment. Based on three trials with usable data, CBT was superior to active control interventions when using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (WMD -5.69, 95% CI -11.04 to -0.35), but equivalent when using the Geriatric Depression Scale (WMD -2.00, 95% CI -5.31 to 1.32). AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: Only a small number of studies and patients were included in the meta-analysis. If taken on their own merit, the findings do not provide strong support for psychotherapeutic treatments in the management of depression in older people. However, the findings do reflect those of a larger meta-analysis that included patients with broader age ranges, suggesting that CBT may be of potential benefit.",
            "publicationTitle": "Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews (Online)",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2008",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "1",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "CD004853",
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            "seriesTitle": "",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Cochrane Database Syst Rev",
            "DOI": "10.1002/14651858.CD004853.pub2",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18254062",
            "accessDate": "2009-12-08T06:47:26Z",
            "PMID": "18254062",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "1469-493X",
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            "tags": [
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            "title": "Nursing home statutes: mistreatment definitions",
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                    "firstName": "Jeanette M",
                    "lastName": "Daly"
                },
                {
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                    "firstName": "Gerald J",
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                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "INTRODUCTION: Forty-nine states and the District of Columbia have adult protective services (APS) related statutes that define adult/elder mistreatment found in domestic settings. Institutional adult/elder mistreatment laws are administered by the nursing home licensing agencies and may contain different or duplicate APS-related mistreatment definitions. The purposes of this paper are to describe and summarize the mistreatment definitions in the nursing home licensure statutes and compare those definitions with the definitions found in the APS-related statutes. METHODS: Westlaw and Lexis-Nexis law database systems were used to retrieve all adult protective services statutes and institutional licensure statutes. Each statute's text was reviewed and coded by two researchers. RESULTS: Institutional mistreatment definitions are addressed in 14 of the states and District of Columbia's nursing home statutes. No one state has a list of the 27 different definitions of mistreatment identified in the literature search. The common types of mistreatment described were physical and emotional abuse, neglect, financial and property exploitation, and sexual abuse. CONCLUSION: Standardized definitions of resident-to-resident and institutional specific types of mistreatment need to be included in nursing home statutes.",
            "publicationTitle": "Journal of Elder Abuse & Neglect",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2006",
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            "partNumber": "",
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            "pages": "19-39",
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            "shortTitle": "Nursing home statutes",
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            "abstractNote": "Always more health problems require integrated care. So professionals needs to be aware of local and regional network resources (social, legal, home care, etc.) and specific offers of each individual institution. This article present a method used for creating a register of institutions involved in adults violence and elder abuse, for health professionals. Dates collected by interviewing professionals permitted to class institutions by intervention domain and offer. Five utility indicators (POUCE method) were selected for the register. A score has been attributed to each institution according to their problematic-related offers. Professional in charge of each institution validated information. This map, available in paper or CDrom, affords general practitioneer a quick and targeted access to a large number of dates, according to patient needs. This method could be useful for other health problems requiring exhaustive and targeted information about local and regional community resources (alcoholism, addiction, palliatives care, etc.)",
            "publicationTitle": "Revue Médicale De La Suisse Romande",
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            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Clinicians are mandated reporters for child abuse and elder abuse. Medical organizations recommend that patients be assessed for domestic violence. To date, the only quality improvement instrument related to family violence is a tool for assessing hospitals' domestic violence efforts. METHODS: Using the Delphi method of consensus among national experts, we modified the hospital tool (Delphi Instrument for Domestic Violence for Hospital Programs) to make it applicable for primary care offices assessing for family violence (child abuse, intimate partner violence, and elder abuse). Face validity and the ability of an office/nurse manager to complete the tool independently were tested in 32 primary care practices in Ohio and Minnesota. RESULTS: The final instrument includes 111 items divided into 9 categories with a total possible score of 100%. The highest score among primary care practices was 91.4%, achieved by a family medicine office. Offices that focused on family violence-related issues for more than 4 years and were located in an urban area had higher scores. CONCLUSIONS: The US Preventive Guideline task force calls for tools related to violence screening and management. To our knowledge, this represents the first family violence quality improvement tool for primary care offices.",
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            "ISSN": "0034-8910",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Prevalência de maus-tratos na terceira idade",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2009-12-17T15:11:42Z",
            "dateModified": "2009-12-17T15:11:42Z"
        }
    }
]