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\"It seems that in 2019 it doesn’t matter if a site is hosted in the cloud or on a government-run computing system – the determination of whether it remains available during a shutdown seems to be political, rather than technical.\"

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One option would be for the US Government to partner with a major existing web archive like the Internet Archive, which already regularly archives government websites as part of its general Wayback Machine. What if the government provided funding for an outside agency like the Internet Archive to maintain a live mirror of all US Government data portals, updated daily? During shutdowns any portal that is unable to remain available could simply provide a link to this archived version of its data, ensuring uninterrupted access.

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