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            "note": "To generate white light using semiconductor nanocrystal (NC) quantum dots integrated on light emitting diodes (LEDs), multiple hybrid device parameters (emission wavelengths of the NCs and the excitation platform, order of the NCs with different sizes, amount of the different types of NCs, etc) need to be carefully designed and properly implemented. In this study, we introduce and demonstrate white LEDs based on simple device hybridization using only a single type of white emitting CdS quantum dot nanoluminophores on near-ultraviolet LEDs. Here we present their design, synthesis-growth, fabrication and characterization. With these hybrid devices, we achieve high color rendering index (> 70), despite using only a single NC type. Furthermore, we conveniently tune their photometric properties including the chromaticity coordinates, correlated color temperature, and color rendering index with the number of hybridized nanoluminophores in a controlled manner.",
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            "note": "We report the electrochemical deposition of poly (pyrrolepropylic acid) nanowires, their covalent modification with antibodies and their conversion into potential functional sensor devices. The nanowires and the devices were characterised by optical microscopy, fluorescence microscopy, electron microscopy and electrical measurements. Fluorescence images, current-voltage (I-V) profiles and real-time sensing measurements demonstrated a rapid and highly sensitive and selective detection of human serum albumin (HSA), a substance that has been used to diagnose incipient renal disease. The detection is based on the selective binding of HSA onto anti-HSA that is covalently attached to the nanowires. The binding changes the electrical properties of the nanowires thus enabling the real-time detection. Whilst the utility of the research was demonstrated for protein binding/detection, the technology could easily be designed for the detection of other analytes by the modification of polymer nanowires with other analyte-specific molecules/biomolecules. Therefore, the technology has the potential to positively impact broad analytical applications in the biomedical, environmental and other sectors.",
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            "note": "Visual color changes between 300 and 510 K were observed in the photoluminescence (PL) of colloidal InP/ZnS core-shell nanocrystals. A subsequent study of PL spectra in the range 2-510 K and fitting the temperature dependent line shift and line width to theoretical models show that the dominant (dephasing) interaction is due to scattering by acoustic phonons of about 23 meV. Low temperature photoluminescence excitation measurements show that the excitonic band gap depends approximately inversely linearly on the quantum dot size of, which is distinctly weaker than the dependence predicted by current theories.",
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            "note": "We have developed a method of independently tailoring the macro- and mesoporous structres in titania (TiO2) monoliths in order to achieve liquid chromatographic separations of phosphorous-containing compounds Anatase TiO2 monolithic gels with well-defined bicontinuous macropores and microstructured skeletons are obtained via the sol-gel process in strongly acidic conditions using poly(ethylene oxide) as a phase separator and N-methylformamide as a proton scavenger Aging treatment of (lie wet gels in the mother liquor at temperatures of 100-200 degrees C and subsequent heat treatment at 400 degrees C allow the formation and control of mesoporous structures with uniform pore size distributions in the gel skeletons, without disturbing the preformed macroporous morphology The monolithic TiO2 rod columns with bimodal macro-mesoporous structures possess the phospho-sensitivity and exhibit excellent chromatographic separations of phosphorus-containing compounds (C) 2009 Elsevier B V. All rights reserved.",
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            "note": "Single-photon behavior in the emission from a single nanoparticle consisting of a single poly[2-methoxy5-(2'-ethylhexyloxy)-p-phenylene vinylene] (MEH-PPV, molecular weight: 2.600,000 amu) chain has been investigated. Photon correlation measurements of a number of single nanoparticles revealed that the probability of single-photon emission from the single nanoparticles clearly increases, compared with that of single chains embedded in host polymer matrices, poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polystyrene (PS). The result suggested that even a single MEH-PPV chain with high molecular weight, which does not exhibit single-photon emission in PMMA and PS, is forced to exhibit single-photon emission by adopting \"compact\" chain conformation like nanoparticle. Efficient exciton migration and exciton annihilation processes in the compact chain conformation most probably result in the efficient single-photon emission from the single nanoparticle. The present results indicate that multi-quantum systems consisting of a large number of chromophores, such as the MEH-PPV, can be made to behave as single-photon sources by appropriately controlling their size. (C) 2009 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved",
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            "note": "Long chain branching (LCB) is most often incorporated into polymeric materials to enhance rheology and processing. Presently, the characterization of LCB in polymers is limited to the determination of the number of long chain branches per molecule. The ability to characterize other branching parameters such as the molecular weight of the branch and the shape of the branched molecule (star, comb, \"T\", \"H\", etc.)would have considerable value in material design. A new fractionation method, molecular topology fractionation (MTF), is described herein for the separation of polymer molecules based on LCB topology. This first successful practice of MTF uses monolithic columns to create a tortuous path having macropores or flow-through channels of the order of polymer molecular dimensions as the separation medium. Because long chain branched molecules are retained more than linear molecules of the same size, the method can be used to separate branched from linear chains. Performed in a thermodynamically good solvent, the key parameters influencing the onset of MTF include flow rate, macropore dimensions, and molecular weight of the polymer to be separated. The onset of the MTF mechanism is characterized by a flow rate-dependent reversal in the elution order of narrow molecular weight polystyrene standards, denoting a distinct change in retention mechanism. Below the reversal point, retention consistent with a hydrodynamic chromatography mechanism is active. Above the reversal point, a new mechanism yields increased retention with increasing molecular weight.",
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            "note": "Capillary electrochromatography suffered in its development because of difficulty in producing stable columns with good permeability. Variability in frit characteristics gave rise to non-reproducible capillaries whose fabrication was extremely difficult and time consuming. Monolithic stationary phases gained popularity in the early 1990s due to the fact that they were easy to fabricate and required no retaining frits. They were also able to be manufactured in a wide variety of chemistries which made them very interesting to the analytical chemist who is constantly looking for materials with different selectivity to the popular silica-based stationary phases. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
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            "note": "Novel monolithic supports (MS/BVPE) were prepared by thermally initiated free radical copolymerisation of p-methylstyrene(MS) and 1,2-bis(pvinylphenyl)ethane (BVPE). The polymer was synthesised in fused silica capillaries (80 mm x 0.2 mm and 80 mm x 0.53 mm) and in borosilicate glass columns (90 mm x 1.0 mm and 90 mm x 3.0 mm) to yield different HPLC column designs. A comparison of those column dimensions regarding morphology as well as separation efficiency and applicability in bioanalysis is presented. The efficiency towards proteins as well as oligonucleotides was found to be considerably improved with decreasing column I.D. While a 5-protein mixture was baseline separated on all investigated column designs, the separation of small biomolecules like oligonucleotides or peptides on microbore and conventional size glass columns was strongly restricted in terms of resolution due to extensive peak broadening or the occurrence of peak asymmetry. Monolithic MS/BVPE capillary columns up to 0.53 mm I.D., however, proved to be applicable to the fractionation of the whole spectrum of biopolymers, including proteins, peptides, oligonucleotides as well as double-stranded DNA fragments. Due to the fact that reliable chromatography makes great demand on the robustness of the stationary phase, monolithic MS/BVPE capillaries were subjected to a comprehensive reproducibility study including run-to-run as well as batch-to-batch reproducibility. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.",
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            "note": "Reaction between CdX2 and 1-alkyl-2-(phenylazo)imidazole (RaaiR') has isolated complexes of composition Cd(RaaiR')(2)X-2 in MeOH or MeCN. Crystallization of Cd(RaaiR')212 from N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) has separated [Cd(RaaiR')I2 center dot DMF], while Cd(RaaiR')(2)X-2 (X = Cl and Br) remains unchanged in its composition upon crystallization under identical conditions. The structure has been established by spectral (UV-vis and H-1 NMR) data and confirmation in the latter case by a single-crystal X-ray diffraction study of [Cd(TaiMe)(12)center dot DMF] [where TaMe = 1-methyl-2-(ptolylazo)imidazole]. IJV-Light irradiation in a MeCN solution of Cd(RaaiR')(2)I-2 and [Cd(RaaiR')I-2-DMFI shows transto-cis isomerization of coordinated azoimiclazole. The reverse transformation, cis-to-trans, is very slow with visible light irradiation. Quantum yields (phi(t -> c)) of trans-to-cis isomerization are calculated, and the free ligand shows higher 0 values than their cadmium(II) iodo complexes. The cis-to-trans isomerization is a thermally induced process. The activation energy (E-a) of cis-to-trans isomerization is calculated by a control led-temperatu re experiment. The effects of the anions (Cl-, Br-, I-, and CIO4) and the number of coordinated azoimiclazoles (RaaiR') [Cd(RaaiR') or Cd(RaaiR')21 on the rate and quantum yields of photochromism are established in this work. A slow rate of photoisomerization of [Cd(RaaiR')(4)](CIO4)(2) compared to Cd(RaaiR')(12) or Cd(RaaiR')(2)X-2 may be associated with the increased mass and rotor volume of the complexes. The rate of isomerization is also dependent on the nature of X and follows the Sequence Cd(RaaiR')(2)CI2 < Cd(RaaiR')(2)Br-2 < Cd(RaaiR')(2)I-2. It may be related to the size and electronegativity of halide, which reduces the effective molar association in the order of I < Br < Cl and hence the rate. Gaussian 03 calculations of representative complexes and free ligands are used to explain the difference in the rates and quantum yields of photoisomerization.",
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            "note": "We report a multilayer solution-processed blue light-emitting diode based on colloidal core/shell CdS/ZnS nanocrystal quantum dots (QDs). At a low-operating voltage of 5.5 V, the device emits spectrally pure blue radiation at 460 nm with a narrow full-width-at-half-maximum bandwidth of 20 nm and high brightness up to 1600 cd/m(2). Broad-band, long-wavelength emission from the polymer components and deep traps in the QDs are minimized to less than 5% of the total emission.",
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