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Ss were randomized to receive either SWI or SLI, administered sub- or intracutaneously on 1 occasion. Ss received a mean number of 10 injections of 0.5 ml of either substance. Pain intensity was measured with visual analog scales before intervention, 10 min after intervention, and 14 days after intervention. There was no statistically or clinically significant difference in pain level reduction between the 2 groups. However, Ss who received SWI reported a much more painful treatment experience than those who received SLI. 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[Miscellaneous Article]", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael J. FRACGP", "lastName": "Yelland" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul P.", "lastName": "Glasziou" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nikolai MD", "lastName": "Bogduk" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Philip J. BSc(Hons)", "lastName": "Schluter" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mary RN", "lastName": "McKernon" } ], "abstractNote": "Objectives. To assess the efficacy of a prolotherapy injection and exercise protocol in the treatment of chronic nonspecific low back pain., Design. Randomized controlled trial with two-by-two factorial design, triple-blinded for injection status, and single-blinded for exercise status., Setting. General practice., Participants. One hundred ten participants with nonspecific low-back pain of average 14 years duration were randomized to have repeated prolotherapy (20% glucose/0.2% lignocaine) or normal saline injections into tender lumbo-pelvic ligaments and randomized to perform either flexion/extension exercises or normal activity over 6 months., Main outcome measures : Pain intensity (VAS) and disability scores (Roland-Morris) at 2.5, 4, 6, 12, and 24 months., Results. Follow-up was achieved in 96% at 12 months and 80% at 2 years. Ligament injections, with exercises and with normal activity, resulted in significant and sustained reductions in pain and disability throughout the trial, but no attributable effect was found for prolotherapy injections over saline injections or for exercises over normal activity. At 12 months, the proportions achieving more than 50% reduction in pain from baseline by injection group were glucose-lignocaine: 0.46 versus saline: 0.36. By activity group these proportions were exercise: 0.41 versus normal activity: 0.39. Corresponding proportions for >50% reduction in disability were glucose-lignocaine: 0.42 versus saline 0.36 and exercise: 0.36 versus normal activity: 0.38. There were no between group differences in any of the above measures., Conclusions. In chronic nonspecific low-back pain, significant and sustained reductions in pain and disability occur with ligament injections, irrespective of the solution injected or the concurrent use of exercises., (C) 2004 Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc.", "publicationTitle": "Spine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004 January", "volume": "29", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "9-16", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0362-2436", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Prolotherapy Injections, Saline Injections, and Exercises for Chronic Low-Back Pain", "language": "English.", "libraryCatalog": "Journals@Ovid", "callNumber": "00007632-200401010-00004", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "29:9-16", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Injections", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "exercise", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "low back pain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "prolotherapy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "randomized controlled trial", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "sclerotherapy ] Spine 2004", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "ZTVINDSR", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/ZTVINDSR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/ZTVINDSR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tahririan et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-09", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ZTVINDSR", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A randomized clinical trial on comparison of corticosteroid injection with or without splinting versus saline injection with or without splinting in patients with lateral epicondylitis", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mohammad Ali", "lastName": "Tahririan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amir", "lastName": "Moayednia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amir", "lastName": "Momeni" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Arash", "lastName": "Yousefi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Babak", "lastName": "Vahdatpour" } ], "abstractNote": "Background:\nLateral epicondylitis is a common problem affecting 1-3% of the population. There has been much debate about the best treatment modality for this condition. There is, however, no conclusive evidence in support of any of the proposed treatment modalities. In this trial, we have studied the effect of corticosteroid injection (with or without splinting) with normal saline injection (with or without splinting).\n\nMaterials and Methods:\nIn this double-blind, randomized clinical trial, individuals were randomly assigned to either of four treatment groups and received either 40 mg depomedrol injection alone, 40 mg depomedrol injection with splinting, normal saline injection alone, or normal saline injection with splinting. They were evaluated using the visual analog scale (VAS) at weeks 2, 4 and 24 and with the Oxford elbow scale (OES) at 24 weeks.\n\nResults:\nA total of 79 patients were participated in the study. The corticosteroid injection groups had better pain relief as measured by VAS at 2 and 4 weeks compared with the two saline injection groups. Mean VAS difference at week 0 versus week 2 was 4.5 ± 0.9 and 2.8 ± 0.6 in corticosteroid injection groups and saline injection groups respectively (P < 0.01) but at 24 weeks, there was only moderate benefit reported for the group which received steroid injection and splinting (P < 0.01) compared to the saline injection groups. The saline injection groups reported better improvement in OES scores (20.1 ± 3.7) at the end of the trial compared corticosteroid injection groups (16.1 ± 2.9) (P < 0.05).\n\nConclusion:\nOur results indicate that despite the clear pain reduction benefit associated with steroid injection in short term, this benefit in comparison with normal saline injection fades by the 24th week of follow-up.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Research in Medical Sciences : The Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014-9", "volume": "19", "issue": "9", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "813-818", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Res Med Sci", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4268187/", "accessDate": "2016-10-14T03:32:03Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1735-1995", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25535493\nPMCID: PMC4268187", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "95U7J7KW", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/95U7J7KW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/95U7J7KW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Manchikanti et al.", "parsedDate": "2015-01-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "95U7J7KW", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Comparison of the efficacy of saline, local anesthetics, and steroids in epidural and facet joint injections for the management of spinal pain: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Laxmaiah", "lastName": "Manchikanti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Devi E.", "lastName": "Nampiaparampi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kavita N.", "lastName": "Manchikanti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank J. E.", "lastName": "Falco" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Vijay", "lastName": "Singh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ramsin M.", "lastName": "Benyamin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alan D.", "lastName": "Kaye" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nalini", "lastName": "Sehgal" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amol", "lastName": "Soin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas T.", "lastName": "Simopoulos" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sanjay", "lastName": "Bakshi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher G.", "lastName": "Gharibo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher J.", "lastName": "Gilligan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joshua A.", "lastName": "Hirsch" } ], "abstractNote": "Background: The efficacy of epidural and facet joint injections has been assessed utilizing multiple solutions including saline, local anesthetic, steroids, and others. The responses to these various solutions have been variable and have not been systematically assessed with longterm followups. Methods: Randomized trials utilizing a true active control design were included. The primary outcome measure was pain relief and the secondary outcome measure was functional improvement. The quality of each individual article was assessed by Cochrane review criteria, as well as the criteria developed by the American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP) for assessing interventional techniques. An evidence analysis was conducted based on the qualitative level of evidence (Level I to IV). Results: A total of 31 trials met the inclusion criteria. There was Level I evidence that local anesthetic with steroids was effective in managing chronic spinal pain based on multiple highquality randomized controlled trials. The evidence also showed that local anesthetic with steroids and local anesthetic alone were equally effective except in disc herniation, where the superiority of local anesthetic with steroids was demonstrated over local anesthetic alone. Conclusion: This systematic review showed equal efficacy for local anesthetic with steroids and local anesthetic alone in multiple spinal conditions except for disc herniation where the superiority of local anesthetic with steroids was seen over local anesthetic alone.", "publicationTitle": "Surgical Neurology International", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 5, 2015", "volume": "6", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "S194-S235", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Surgical Neurology International", "DOI": "10.4103/2152-7806.156598", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://cclsw2.vcc.ca/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=108491828&site=ehost-live", "accessDate": "2016-10-14T05:32:13Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "22295097", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Comparison of the efficacy of saline, local anesthetics, and steroids in epidural and facet joint injections for the management of spinal pain", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Anesthesia", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Chronic Pain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hernia", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RANDOMIZED controlled trials", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Spinal cord -- Diseases", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Systematic reviews (Medical research)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "epidural injections", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "facet joint injections", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "local anesthetic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "saline", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "spinal pain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "steroids", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "4UK8A4BD", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/4UK8A4BD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/4UK8A4BD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Iversen et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-09-13", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "4UK8A4BD", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effect of caudal epidural steroid or saline injection in chronic lumbar radiculopathy: multicentre, blinded, randomised controlled trial", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Trond", "lastName": "Iversen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tore K", "lastName": "Solberg" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bertil", "lastName": "Romner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tom", "lastName": "Wilsgaard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jos", "lastName": "Twisk" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Audny", "lastName": "Anke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Oystein", "lastName": "Nygaard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Toralf", "lastName": "Hasvold" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tor", "lastName": "Ingebrigtsen" } ], "abstractNote": "Objective: To assess the efficacy of caudal epidural steroid or saline injection in chronic lumbar radiculopathy in the short (6 weeks), intermediate (12 weeks), and long term (52 weeks).; Design: Multicentre, blinded, randomised controlled trial.; Setting: Outpatient multidisciplinary back clinics of five Norwegian hospitals.; Participants: Between October 2005 and February 2009, 461 patients assessed for inclusion (presenting with lumbar radiculopathy >12 weeks). 328 patients excluded for cauda equina syndrome, severe paresis, severe pain, previous spinal injection or surgery, deformity, pregnancy, ongoing breast feeding, warfarin therapy, ongoing treatment with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, body mass index >30, poorly controlled psychiatric conditions with possible secondary gain, and severe comorbidity.; Interventions: Subcutaneous sham injections of 2 mL 0.9% saline, caudal epidural injections of 30 mL 0.9% saline, and caudal epidural injections of 40 mg triamcinolone acetonide in 29 mL 0.9% saline. Participants received two injections with a two week interval.; Main Outcome Measures: Primary: Oswestry disability index scores. Secondary: European quality of life measure, visual analogue scale scores for low back pain and for leg pain.; Results: Power calculations required the inclusion of 41 patients per group. We did not allocate 17 of 133 eligible patients because their symptoms improved before randomisation. All groups improved after the interventions, but we found no statistical or clinical differences between the groups over time. For the sham group (n = 40), estimated change in the Oswestry disability index from the adjusted baseline value was -4.7 (95% confidence intervals -0.6 to -8.8) at 6 weeks, -11.4 (-6.3 to -14.5) at 12 weeks, and -14.3 (-10.0 to -18.7) at 52 weeks. For the epidural saline intervention group (n = 39) compared with the sham group, differences in primary outcome were -0.5 (-6.3 to 5.4) at 6 weeks, 1.4 (-4.5 to 7.2) at 12 weeks, and -1.9 (-8.0 to 4.3) at 52 weeks; for the epidural steroid group (n=37), corresponding differences were -2.9 (-8.7 to 3.0), 4.0 (-1.9 to 9.9), and 1.9 (-4.2 to 8.0). Analysis adjusted for duration of leg pain, back pain, and sick leave did not change this trend.; Conclusions: Caudal epidural steroid or saline injections are not recommended for chronic lumbar radiculopathy. Trial registration Current Controlled Trials ISRCTN No 12574253.;", "publicationTitle": "BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "September 13, 2011", "volume": "343", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "d5278-d5278", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "BMJ (Clinical Research Ed.)", "DOI": "10.1136/bmj.d5278", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1756-1833", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "21914755", "shortTitle": "Effect of caudal epidural steroid or saline injection in chronic lumbar radiculopathy", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Anti-Inflammatory Agents/*therapeutic use", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Anti-Inflammatory Agents/administration & dosage", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Double-Blind Method", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Injections, Epidural", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Low Back Pain/*drug therapy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pain Measurement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Radiculopathy/*drug therapy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Treatment Outcome", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Triamcinolone Acetonide/*therapeutic use", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Triamcinolone Acetonide/administration & dosage", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "FQPPQQC8", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/FQPPQQC8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/FQPPQQC8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hoffmeister", "parsedDate": "2012-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FQPPQQC8", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Researchers Reject Caudal Epidural Steroid or Saline Injection for Chronic Lumbar Radiculopathy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ellen", "lastName": "Hoffmeister" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Lippincott's Bone & Joint Newsletter", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 2012", "volume": "18", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-3", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Lippincott's Bone & Joint Newsletter", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1543-9879", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Education, Continuing (Credit)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Functional Assessment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Injections, Epidural -- Evaluation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pain -- Prevention and Control", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pain Measurement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Radiculopathy -- Drug Therapy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Steroids -- Therapeutic Use", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Treatment Outcomes", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "D3HPPKGT", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/D3HPPKGT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/D3HPPKGT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bicket, et al.", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "D3HPPKGT", "version": 3, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Ovid: Epidural Injections for Spinal Pain: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis Evaluating the \"Control\" Injections in Randomized Controlled Trials.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark C.", "lastName": "Bicket," }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anita D. O.", "lastName": "Gupta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charlie H.", "lastName": "Brown" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Steven P.", "lastName": "Cohen" } ], "abstractNote": "Background: Epidural steroid injection is the most frequently performed pain procedure. This study of epidural steroid “control” injections aimed to determine whether epidural nonsteroid injections constitute a treatment or true placebo in comparison with nonepidural injections for back and neck pain treatment.\n\nMethods: This systematic review with direct and indirect meta-analyses used PubMed and EMBASE searches from inception through October 2012 without language restrictions. Study selection included randomized controlled trials with a treatment group receiving epidural injections of corticosteroids or another analgesic and study control groups receiving either an epidural injection devoid of treatment drug or a nonepidural injection. Two reviewers independently extracted data including short-term (up to 12 weeks) pain scores and pain outcomes. All reviewers evaluated studies for eligibility and quality.\n\nResults: A total of 3,641 patients from 43 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. Indirect comparisons suggested epidural nonsteroid were more likely than nonepidural injections to achieve positive outcomes (risk ratio, 2.17; 95% CI, 1.87–2.53) and provide greater pain score reduction (mean difference, -0.15; 95% CI, -0.55 to 0.25). In the very limited direct comparisons, no significant differences were noted between epidural nonsteroid and nonepidural injections for either outcome (risk ratio [95% CI], 1.05 [0.88–1.25]; mean difference [95% CI], 0.22 [-0.50 to 0.94]).\n\nConclusion: Epidural nonsteroid injections may provide improved benefit compared with nonepidural injections on some measures, though few, low-quality studies directly compared controlled treatments, and only short-term outcomes (<=12 weeks) were examined.", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ovidsp.tx.ovid.com/sp-3.22.1b/ovidweb.cgi?&S=PHBBFPMJIADDPPNMNCHKOGJCMCLBAA00&Link+Set=S.sh.31%7c1%7csl_10", "accessDate": "2016-10-14T05:20:10Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "4MEXP3HS", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/4MEXP3HS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/4MEXP3HS", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/ZTVINDSR", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "4MEXP3HS", "version": 3, "parentItem": "ZTVINDSR", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed Central Link", "accessDate": "2016-10-14T03:32:03Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4268187/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "A6TQPNFQ", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/A6TQPNFQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/A6TQPNFQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/DRXT6D9A", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "A6TQPNFQ", "version": 3, "parentItem": "DRXT6D9A", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed Central Link", "accessDate": "2016-10-14T04:09:31Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4213555/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } }, { "key": "GQUGH75E", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 753906, "name": "Saline injections", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/GQUGH75E", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/saline_injections/items/GQUGH75E", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/753906/items/E626FQKS", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1914361, "username": "rmtbc", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rmtbc", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "GQUGH75E", "version": 3, "parentItem": "E626FQKS", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "EBSCO Record", "accessDate": "2016-10-14T03:03:02Z", "url": "https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ccm&AN=109590958&site=ehost-live&scope=cite", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-14T05:47:19Z" } } ]