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Also, while gender relations among Indian tribes have historically been more balanced and egalitarian, an unfortunate trend of tribal gender bias conforming to the mainstream anti-female pattern (along with acculturation, assimilation and similar 'modernizing' processes) is increasingly discernable under current circumstances.", "publicationTitle": "Social Science & Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2000", "volume": "50", "issue": "10", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1333-1351", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v50y2000i10p1333-1351.html", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T16:07:06Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Fertility, mortality and gender bias among tribal population", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc - IDEAS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Tribes Sociocultural features Fertility Mortality Gender discrimination Sex ratio Female-male ratio Low caste Demographic studies Infant mortality Anthropological literature", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T16:07:06Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T16:07:06Z" } }, { "key": "B969N9VJ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/B969N9VJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/B969N9VJ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/P8JH338A", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "B969N9VJ", "version": 1, "parentItem": "P8JH338A", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "RePEc PDF", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z", "url": "http://www.igidr.ac.in/pdf/publication/WP-2008-018.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z" } }, { "key": "P8JH338A", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/P8JH338A", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/P8JH338A", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Nathan", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "P8JH338A", "version": 1, "itemType": "report", "title": "Gender-based indicators in human development: Correcting for missing women", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hippu Salk Kristle", "lastName": "Nathan" } ], "abstractNote": "Gender Development Index and Gender Empowerment Measure are two gender-based indicators provided by the United Nations Development Program. Population share of the genders enter the formulation of these indicators in such a way that it favours the better performing gender. This can lead to further additions to `missing women'. A correction is proposed to capture this anomaly. This alternative satisfies an axiom of Monotonicity with its two corollaries, that is, given attainments the measure maximizes at ideal sex ratio and vanishes when one of the genders becomes extinct. An empirical illustration by taking life expectancy data of countries is given.", "reportNumber": "2008-018", "reportType": "Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai Working Paper", "institution": "Indira Gandhi Institute of Development Research, Mumbai, India", "place": "", "date": "2008", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/ind/igiwpp/2008-018.html", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Gender-based indicators in human development", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc - IDEAS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Extinction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Ideality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Index", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Inequality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sex-ratio", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z" } }, { "key": "T3F4TMGI", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/T3F4TMGI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/T3F4TMGI", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/P8JH338A", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "T3F4TMGI", "version": 1, "parentItem": "P8JH338A", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "RePEc Snapshot", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/ind/igiwpp/2008-018.html", "note": "", "contentType": "", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T09:31:47Z" } }, { "key": "R9EC97GT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/R9EC97GT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/R9EC97GT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/IHT4DTBX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "R9EC97GT", "version": 1, "parentItem": "IHT4DTBX", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "RePEc Snapshot", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/got/iaidps/168.html", "note": "", "contentType": "", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z" } }, { "key": "IHT4DTBX", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/IHT4DTBX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/IHT4DTBX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Klasen", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "IHT4DTBX", "version": 1, "itemType": "report", "title": "Missing Women: Some Recent Controversies on Levels and Trends in Gender Bias in Mortality", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stephan", "lastName": "Klasen" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper discusses two recent controversies surrounding levels and trends in the number of ‘missing women’ in the world. First, the impact of fertility decline on gender bias in mortality is examined. Contrary to the expectations of some authors, fertility decline has not generally led to an intensification of gender bias in mortality. Second, the paper finds that the claim that a substantial portion of ‘missing women’ is due to higher sex ratios at birth linked to hepatitis B prevalence in the affected regions is on rather weak foundations, while there is substantial evidence countering this claim.", "reportNumber": "168", "reportType": "Ibero America Institute for Econ. Research (IAI) Discussion Paper", "institution": "Ibero-America Institute for Economic Research", "place": "", "date": "2008", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/got/iaidps/168.html", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Missing Women", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc - IDEAS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Hepatitis B", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Missing Women", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "fertility decline", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "gender bias in mortality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "sex-selective abortions", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z" } }, { "key": "4ZC4I6B2", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/4ZC4I6B2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/4ZC4I6B2", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/IHT4DTBX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "4ZC4I6B2", "version": 1, "parentItem": "IHT4DTBX", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "RePEc PDF", "accessDate": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z", "url": "http://wwwuser.gwdg.de/~fjohann/paper/DB168.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-16T08:35:31Z" } }, { "key": "TWUUUHI6", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/TWUUUHI6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/TWUUUHI6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lin et al.", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "TWUUUHI6", "version": 1, "itemType": "report", "title": "More Women Missing, Fewer Girls Dying: The Impact of Abortion on Sex Ratios at Birth and Excess Female Mortality in Taiwan", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ming-Jen", "lastName": "Lin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nancy", "lastName": "Qian" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jin-Tan", "lastName": "Liu" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper presents novel empirical evidence on the impact of access to abortion on sex ratios at birth (SRB), excess female mortality (EFM) and fertility in Taiwan. For identification, we exploit plausibly exogenous variation in the availability of sex-selective abortion caused by the legalization of abortion. Our results show that the legalization of abortion accounts for almost all of the observed increase in SRB during the 1980s and decreased EFM by approximately 20%. Approximately ten more female infants survived for every one hundred that were aborted. Interestingly, we find that while abortion reduced overall fertility, it increased fertility for older mothers.", "reportNumber": "14541", "reportType": "NBER Working Paper", "institution": "National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc", "place": "", "date": "2008", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/nbr/nberwo/14541.html", "accessDate": "2012-04-14T12:43:30Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "More Women Missing, Fewer Girls Dying", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc - IDEAS", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-14T12:43:30Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-14T12:43:30Z" } }, { "key": "NJQ4TQAB", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": 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Missing Women: Age and Disease", "accessDate": "2012-04-14T12:41:02Z", "url": "http://han.sub.uni-goettingen.de/han/19310/web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=35&hid=125&sid=bf6deb08-ce14-4c52-b561-bdb35ff925d0%40sessionmgr110&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=buh&AN=52904213", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-14T12:41:02Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-14T12:41:02Z" } }, { "key": "3IH3C6ZR", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/3IH3C6ZR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii/items/3IH3C6ZR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 987510, "username": "simone.schotte", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/simone.schotte", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Anderson and Ray", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3IH3C6ZR", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Missing Women: Age and Disease", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Siwan", "lastName": "Anderson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Debraj", "lastName": "Ray" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Review of Economic Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "10/2010", "volume": "77", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1262-1300", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1467-937X.2010.00609.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://han.sub.uni-goettingen.de/han/19310/web.ebscohost.com/ehost/detail?vid=35&hid=125&sid=bf6deb08-ce14-4c52-b561-bdb35ff925d0%40sessionmgr110&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWhvc3QtbGl2ZQ%3d%3d#db=buh&AN=52904213", "accessDate": "2012-04-14T12:41:02Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00346527", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Missing Women", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-04-14T12:41:02Z", "dateModified": "2012-04-14T12:41:02Z" } }, { "key": "JMKH7CWD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 75226, "name": "Development Economics II", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/development_economics_ii", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/75226/items/JMKH7CWD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": 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A subsequent debate has refined these estimates using different demographic techniques. In this paper, we review this debate, provide an update on the number of \"missing women,\" and investigate the determinants of current trends in gender bias in mortality. We find that the number of \"missing women\" has increased in absolute terms, but fallen as a share of the number of women alive. There have been improvements for women's relative survival in most of South Asia and the Middle East, but deteriorations in China. 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