[ { "key": "JSIVT9FT", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/JSIVT9FT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/JSIVT9FT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 256707, "username": "ncleghorn", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ncleghorn", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Demay et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-10-25", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "JSIVT9FT", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Mammoths used as food and building resources by Neanderthals: Zooarchaeological study applied to layer 4, Molodova I (Ukraine)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Laëtitia", "lastName": "Demay" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stéphane", "lastName": "Péan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marylène", "lastName": "Patou-Mathis" } ], "abstractNote": "Considering Neanderthal subsistence, the use of mammoth resources has been particularly discussed. Apart from procurement for food, the use of mammoth bones as building material has been proposed. The hypothesis was based on the discovery made in Molodova I, Ukraine (Dniester valley). In this large multistratified open-air site, a rich Mousterian layer was excavated. Dated to the Inter-Pleniglacial (MIS 3), it has yielded 40 000 lithic remains associated with ca. 3000 mammal bones, mostly from mammoth. Several areas have been excavated: a pit filled with bones, different areas of activities (butchering, tool production), twenty-five hearths and a circular accumulation made of mammoth bones, described as a dwelling structure set up by Neanderthals. Attested dwelling structures made of mammoth bones are known in Upper Paleolithic sites, from Ukraine and Russia, attributed to the Epigravettian tradition.\n\nThis paper presents a zooarchaeological study of large mammal remains from Molodova I layer 4, to understand the modalities of acquisition and utilization of mammoth resources for food and technical purposes, especially to test the hypothesis of using bones as building elements. The number of mammoths is estimated to at least fifteen individuals of all age classes and both sexes, which died during several episodes, near or on the site.\n\nThe taphonomic modifications due to weathering, water percolation and plant roots indicate the location of bones in holes, such as the pit and the basement of the circular accumulation. Secondary actions of carnivores, especially of hyaenid type, are rare on bones, showing that the assemblage was not accumulated by these predators. The anatomical preservation, the age and sex features and the taphonomic data indicate several modalities of mammoth acquisition by hunting, scavenging and collecting.\n\nBased on anthropogenic marks, mammoth meat has been eaten. The presence of series of striations and ochre on mammoth bones are associated with a technical or symbolic use. Furthermore, mammoth bones have been deliberately selected (long and flat bones, tusks, connected vertebrae) and circularly arranged. This mammoth bone structure could be described as the basement of a wooden cover or as a wind-screen. The inner presence of fifteen hearths, lithic artifacts and waste of mammal butchery and cooking is characteristic of a domestic area, which was probably the centre of a residential camp recurrently settled. It appears that Neanderthals were the oldest known humans who used mammoth bones to build a dwelling structure.", "publicationTitle": "Quaternary International", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 25, 2012", "volume": "276–277", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "212-226", "series": "Mammoths and their Relatives 2: Biotopes, Evolution and Human Impact V International Conference, Le Puy-en-Velay, 2010", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Quaternary International", "DOI": "10.1016/j.quaint.2011.11.019", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1040618211006598", "accessDate": "2016-10-03T02:43:32Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1040-6182", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Mammoths used as food and building resources by Neanderthals", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00025", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-03T02:44:00Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-03T03:16:58Z" } }, { "key": "UI37WMFT", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/UI37WMFT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/UI37WMFT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/JSIVT9FT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "UI37WMFT", "version": 6, "parentItem": "JSIVT9FT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot", "accessDate": "2016-10-03T02:43:32Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.uta.edu/science/article/pii/S1040618211006598", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "S1040618211006598.html", "md5": "823f69f02bfcd6bcd3277b0e9f5e7684", "mtime": 1475462614562, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-03T02:44:00Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-03T02:44:00Z" } }, { "key": "J8DRKDF7", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/J8DRKDF7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/J8DRKDF7", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/JSIVT9FT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "J8DRKDF7", "version": 5, "parentItem": "JSIVT9FT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2016-10-03T02:43:32Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com.ezproxy.uta.edu/science/article/pii/S1040618211006598/pdfft?md5=f86db5f712f983ff10356be481e6da73&pid=1-s2.0-S1040618211006598-main.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-10-03T02:44:00Z", "dateModified": "2016-10-03T02:44:00Z" } }, { "key": "X5SSAZV7", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/X5SSAZV7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/X5SSAZV7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 256707, "username": "ncleghorn", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ncleghorn", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Belcher and Croucher", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "X5SSAZV7", "version": 4, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Exchanges of Identity in Prehistoric Anatolian Figurines. In, R. A. St", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ellen H.", "lastName": "Belcher" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Karina", "lastName": "Croucher" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper examines exchange imagery and ideology of the human body manifested through figurines from prehistoric (7 th –6 th millennia BC) Anatolian contexts. These figurines document local, regional and inter-regional communication of identity, use of materials, ideologies and skills. Taking a new approach to understanding the assemblages, this paper suggests four key themes of analysis: materials and materiality; fractured bodies; gender spectrum; and ambiguities and relationships.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "1", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "43 - 56", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://academicworks.cuny.edu/jj_pubs/57/", "accessDate": "2016-09-28T01:35:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00000", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-09-28T01:42:30Z", "dateModified": "2016-09-28T06:36:49Z" } }, { "key": "AZIBADMA", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/AZIBADMA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/AZIBADMA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 256707, "username": "ncleghorn", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ncleghorn", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Walker et al.", "parsedDate": "2016-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AZIBADMA", "version": 4, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Combustion at the late Early Pleistocene site of Cueva Negra del Estrecho del Río Quípar (Murcia, Spain)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. J.", "lastName": "Walker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D.", "lastName": "Anesin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D. E.", "lastName": "Angelucci" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Avilés-Fernández" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F.", "lastName": "Berna" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. T.", "lastName": "Buitrago-López" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Y.", "lastName": "Fernández-Jalvo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Haber-Uriarte" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "López-Jiménez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "López-Martínez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "I.", "lastName": "Martín-Lerma" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Ortega-Rodrigáñez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.-L.", "lastName": "Polo-Camacho" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. E.", "lastName": "Rhodes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D.", "lastName": "Richter" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T.", "lastName": "Rodríguez-Estrella" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.-L.", "lastName": "Schwenninger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. R.", "lastName": "Skinner" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract, Control of fire was a hallmark of developing human cognition and an essential technology for the colonisation of cooler latitudes. In Europe, the earliest evidence comes from recent work at the site of Cueva Negra del Estrecho del Río Quípar in south-eastern Spain. Charred and calcined bone and thermally altered chert were recovered from a deep, 0.8-million-year-old sedimentary deposit. A combination of analyses indicated that these had been heated to 400–600°C, compatible with burning. Inspection of the sediment and hydroxyapatite also suggests combustion and degradation of the bone. The results provide new insight into Early Palaeolithic use of fire and its significance for human evolution.", "publicationTitle": "Antiquity", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2016/06", "volume": "90", "issue": "351", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "571-589", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.15184/aqy.2016.91", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/combustion-at-the-late-early-pleistocene-site-of-cueva-negra-del-estrecho-del-rio-quipar-murcia-spain/1F8D545D7052880784D69B84D03C931C", "accessDate": "2016-09-28T01:40:08Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-598X, 1745-1744", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Cambridge Core", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00000", "tags": [ { "tag": "Acheulean", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Early Pleistocene", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Palaeolithic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "cognitive evolution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "combustion", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-09-28T01:42:30Z", "dateModified": "2016-09-28T06:36:48Z" } }, { "key": "EV3WDPCC", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/EV3WDPCC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/EV3WDPCC", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/AZIBADMA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "EV3WDPCC", "version": 3, "parentItem": "AZIBADMA", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2016-09-28T01:40:08Z", "url": "https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/antiquity/article/combustion-at-the-late-early-pleistocene-site-of-cueva-negra-del-estrecho-del-rio-quipar-murcia-spain/1F8D545D7052880784D69B84D03C931C", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "1F8D545D7052880784D69B84D03C931C.html", "md5": "07e6a996513db15dcfa4e8e7d9332e12", "mtime": 1475026810734, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-09-28T01:42:30Z", "dateModified": "2016-09-28T01:42:30Z" } }, { "key": "PRFMZE4S", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 722713, "name": "MMartin Theory Class", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/PRFMZE4S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mmartin_theory_class/items/PRFMZE4S", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/722713/items/X5SSAZV7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2281294, "username": "themillineress", "name": "Megan Martin", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/themillineress", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "PRFMZE4S", "version": 3, "parentItem": "X5SSAZV7", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "\"Exchanges of Identity in Prehistoric Anatolian Figurines. In, R. A. St\" by Ellen H. Belcher and Karina Croucher", "accessDate": "2016-09-28T01:35:28Z", "url": "http://academicworks.cuny.edu/jj_pubs/57/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "57.html", "md5": "76fe8370c2e6a9d2a70ec11f61b79ad2", "mtime": 1475026529312, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2016-09-28T01:42:30Z", "dateModified": "2016-09-28T01:42:30Z" } } ]