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Here, we report the surprising finding that exogenous plant miRNAs are present in the sera and tissues of various animals and that these exogenous plant miRNAs are primarily acquired orally, through food intake. MIR168a is abundant in rice and is one of the most highly enriched exogenous plant miRNAs in the sera of Chinese subjects. Functional studies in vitro and in vivo demonstrated that MIR168a could bind to the human/mouse low-density lipoprotein receptor adapter protein 1 (LDLRAP1) mRNA, inhibit LDLRAP1 expression in liver, and consequently decrease LDL removal from mouse plasma. 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This identity encompasses noncoding regions as well as multiple mobilization sequences, offering not only evidence of lateral exchange but also a mechanism by which antibiotic resistance disseminates.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "08/31/2012", "volume": "337", "issue": "6098", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1107-1111", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science", "DOI": "10.1126/science.1220761", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/337/6098/1107", "accessDate": "2012-09-02T19:58:19Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.sciencemag.org", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "28SZRPWU" ], "relations": { "dc:replaces": "http://zotero.org/groups/71911/items/FVUMIDNU", "owl:sameAs": 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