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Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bryant et al.", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 4 }, "data": { "key": "IKADXGBD", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sick and tired: does sleep have a vital role in the immune system?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Penelope A.", "lastName": "Bryant" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Trinder" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nigel", "lastName": "Curtis" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Nature Reviews Immunology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "6/2004", "volume": "4", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "457-467", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1038/nri1369", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nri1369", "accessDate": "2012-01-17T18:08:22Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1474-1733, 1474-1741", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sick and tired", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "*****" } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": [ "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/3XAWZM2S", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" ], "dc:replaces": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TWTZ4JPR" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-17T18:08:22Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:46Z" } }, { "key": "3XAWZM2S", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/3XAWZM2S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/3XAWZM2S", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hall et al.", "parsedDate": "1998-02", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3XAWZM2S", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sleep as a mediator of the stress-immune relationship", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M", "lastName": "Hall" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A", "lastName": "Baum" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D J", "lastName": "Buysse" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H G", "lastName": "Prigerson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D J", "lastName": "Kupfer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C F, 3rd", "lastName": "Reynolds" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE\n\nTo evaluate the role of sleep in the relationship of intrusive thoughts/avoidance behaviors to natural killer cell (NKC) number and function.\n\n\nMETHOD\n\nTwenty-nine individuals seeking treatment for bereavement-related depression were studied in the sleep laboratory. Background and clinical variables, including the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), were administered during the week preceding a 3-night sleep study. Blood samples were collected upon awakening after the second or third night of sleep.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nGreater frequency of intrusive thoughts and avoidance behaviors was associated with more time spent awake during the first non-rapid eye movement period (NREM-1) and lower NKC number (p values < .01). Greater time spent awake during NREM-1 was associated with lower NKC numbers (p < .05). Regression analyses revealed that the significant relationship between symptoms of intrusion/avoidance and NKC number was no longer significant when time spent awake during NREM-1 was entered into the regression equation. Time spent awake during NREM-1 accounted for 12% of the variance in NKC number (p < .05), whereas intrusion/avoidance accounted for 7% of the variance in NKC number (NS).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\n\nThese results suggest that EEG-assessed sleep may be a significant correlate of the stress-immune relationship.", "publicationTitle": "Psychosomatic Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1998 Jan-Feb", "volume": "60", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "48-51", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Psychosom Med", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9492239", "accessDate": "2012-01-17T15:58:10Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0033-3174", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 9492239", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Bereavement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Defense Mechanisms", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Depressive Disorder, Major", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Double-Blind Method", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Killer Cells, Natural", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lymphocyte Count", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Personality Inventory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polysomnography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychoneuroimmunology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Stages", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep, REM", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stress, Psychological", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "J6D5ZT75" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": [ "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/ISCEAMRA", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7JWUKNC2", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/R4TQBJ4A", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/FJ75DQD8", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/T4W4J4AI", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RH4TGX4D", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/QF34IW3H", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/CJUQNHQN", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7VFQ4AFW", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/429DGE8N", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/54RMSA7M", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/WG8IGK3Z", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/V35Q7HVN", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/AUGDZP3R", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TWTZ4JPR", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/EEPCIFH9", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/3VGBNPVT", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/P6P2IGJT", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TMZEGZPQ", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/IKADXGBD" ] }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-17T15:58:10Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:46Z" } }, { "key": "VCGZ9U6T", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/VCGZ9U6T", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/VCGZ9U6T", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "VCGZ9U6T", "version": 3, "parentItem": "7NDB585T", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Google Scholar Linked Page", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T14:13:30Z", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com.lrc1.usuhs.edu/doi/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05300.x/full", "note": "", "contentType": "", "charset": "", "filename": "Lange et al. - 2010 - Effects of sleep and circadian rhythm on the human", "md5": "4462ddc094b81fc5d72d91c23bc1d47c", "mtime": 1327587215709, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T14:13:30Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:40Z" } }, { "key": "CKQJP8JU", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/CKQJP8JU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/CKQJP8JU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Borbély and Achermann", "parsedDate": "1992-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CKQJP8JU", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Concepts and models of sleep regulation: an overview", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alexander A.", "lastName": "Borbély" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter", "lastName": "Achermann" } ], "abstractNote": "Various mathematical models have been proposed to account for circadian, ultradian and homeostatic aspects of sleep regulation. Most circadian models assume that multiple oscillators underlie the differences in period and entrainment properties of the sleep/wake cycle and other rhythms (e.g. body temperature). Interactions of the oscillators have been postulated to account for multimodal sleep/wake patterns. The ultradian models simulate the cyclic alternation of nonREM sleep and REM sleep by assuming a reciprocal interaction of two cell groups. The homeostatic models propose that a sleep/wake dependent process (Process S) underlies the rise in sleep pressure during waking and its decay during sleep. The time course of this process has been derived from EEG slow-wave activity, an indicator of nonREM sleep intensity. The predictions of homeostatic models have been most extensively tested in experiments. The interaction of Process S with a single circadian process can account for multimodal sleep/wake patterns, internal desynchronization and the time course of daytime sleepiness. Close links have emerged between the processes postulated by the various models and specific brain mechanisms. Due to its recent quantitative elaboration and experimental validation, the modelling approach has become one of the potent research strategies in sleep science.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Sleep Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 1992", "volume": "1", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "63-79", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Sleep Res", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10607028", "accessDate": "2012-01-19T13:43:20Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1365-2869", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Concepts and models of sleep regulation", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 10607028", "tags": [], "collections": [ "J6D5ZT75", "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": [ "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/KXTV883D", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/2GTXGQ5W", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/6CCGKU5A", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/8QHT8T8W", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/GDP8PXMB", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/X63N29JF", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/MICTQ6KX", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/Z6BIDGUH", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/QVNUIUSD", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/UWWSCEZD", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/XWQ5SM2N", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/JC5ADAIH", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TQTIGTTW", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" ] }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-19T13:43:20Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:40Z" } }, { "key": "7NDB585T", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/7NDB585T", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lange et al.", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 4 }, "data": { "key": "7NDB585T", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effects of sleep and circadian rhythm on the human immune system", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tanja", "lastName": "Lange" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stoyan", "lastName": "Dimitrov" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jan", "lastName": "Born" } ], "abstractNote": "Many immune parameters show systematic fluctuations over the 24-h day in human blood. Circulating naive T-cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines, like interleukin-12 (IL-12), peak during nighttime, whereas cytotoxic effector leukocytes and production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 peak during daytime. These temporal changes originate from a combined influence of the circadian system and sleep. Both brain functions act synergistically and share neuroendocrine effector mechanisms to convey control over immune functions. Sympathetic tone and cortisol levels show a circadian nadir during nighttime and are further suppressed by sleep, whereas growth hormone and prolactin show a circadian peak during nighttime and are further enhanced by sleep. Thus, the circadian system and sleep jointly evoke a unique endocrine constellation that is extremely effective in inducing changes in leukocyte traffic and a shift toward proinflammatory type 1-cytokines during the nocturnal period of sleep, that is, an action with strong clinical implications.", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "04/2010", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://doi.wiley.com/10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.05300.x", "accessDate": "2012-01-17T18:21:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "*****" } ], "collections": [ "J6D5ZT75", "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": [ "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TFSDTAZV", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/CKQJP8JU", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/ABQHRUWA", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/A6TT5XKB", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/2HCSX3J3", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/5K5SNSDI", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/SKSCT5CE", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7RDUEMS8", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/NXQETTXJ", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/HICKFD96", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/V49G7DTP", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/IKM3NXF7", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TWTZ4JPR", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/GABS5VNE", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/94ZETTJG", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/2I276XU2", "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/IKADXGBD" ], "dc:replaces": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/UWWSCEZD" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-17T18:21:29Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:40Z" } }, { "key": "CJRK9GMR", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/CJRK9GMR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/CJRK9GMR", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/GABS5VNE", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "CJRK9GMR", "version": 3, "parentItem": "GABS5VNE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Circadian nature of immune function 10.1016/j.mce.2011.06.039 : Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology | ScienceDirect.com", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T16:11:55Z", "url": "zotero://attachment/3198/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "3198.html", "md5": null, "mtime": 1327594316205, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T16:11:55Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:35Z" } }, { "key": "IDVDT6N7", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/IDVDT6N7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/IDVDT6N7", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/GABS5VNE", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "IDVDT6N7", "version": 3, "parentItem": "GABS5VNE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Circadian nature of immune function 10.1016/j.mce.2011.06.039 : Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology | ScienceDirect.com", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T16:11:52Z", "url": "zotero://attachment/3198/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "3198.html", "md5": null, "mtime": 1327594312523, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T16:11:52Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:35Z" } }, { "key": "GABS5VNE", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/GABS5VNE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/GABS5VNE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Logan and Sarkar", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "GABS5VNE", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Circadian nature of immune function", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.W.", "lastName": "Logan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D.K.", "lastName": "Sarkar" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Google Scholar", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:replaces": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/A9NWQTVR", "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T16:06:03Z", "dateModified": "2017-11-09T02:28:35Z" } }, { "key": "IKM3NXF7", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/IKM3NXF7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/IKM3NXF7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Haus and Smolensky", "parsedDate": "2006-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IKM3NXF7", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Biological clocks and shift work: circadian dysregulation and potential long-term effects", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Erhard", "lastName": "Haus" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Smolensky" } ], "abstractNote": "Long-term epidemiologic studies on large numbers of night and rotating shift workers have suggested an increase in the incidence of breast and colon cancer in these populations. These studies suffer from poor definition and quantification of the work schedules of the exposed subjects. Against this background, the pathophysiology of phase shift and phase adaptation is reviewed. A phase shift as experienced in night and rotating shift work involves desynchronization at the molecular level in the circadian oscillators in the central nervous tissue and in most peripheral tissues of the body. There is a change in the coordination between oscillators with transient loss of control by the master-oscillator (the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus, SCN) in the hypothalamus. The implications of the pathophysiology of phase shift are discussed for long-term health effects and for the design of ergonomic work schedules minimizing the adverse health effects upon the worker.", "publicationTitle": "Cancer Causes & Control: CCC", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2006", "volume": "17", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "489-500", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cancer Causes Control", "DOI": "10.1007/s10552-005-9015-4", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16596302", "accessDate": "2012-01-19T16:21:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0957-5243", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Biological clocks and shift work", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 16596302", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptation, Physiological", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Biological Clocks", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cardiovascular Abnormalities", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Chronobiology Disorders", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Chronobiology Phenomena", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Neoplasms", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Occupational Diseases", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Risk Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Suprachiasmatic Nucleus", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Work Schedule Tolerance", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-19T16:21:38Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "V49G7DTP", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/V49G7DTP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/V49G7DTP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Benca and Quintas", "parsedDate": "1997-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "V49G7DTP", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sleep and host defenses: a review", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R M", "lastName": "Benca" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J", "lastName": "Quintas" } ], "abstractNote": "Although the specific functions of sleep are not known, an increasing body of literature has suggested that sleep is important for the proper functioning of host defense systems. Sleep loss is associated with changes in some parameters of host defense, whereas pathogenic challenge leads to alterations in sleep patterns, probably mediated by activation of host defense systems. However, whether sleep-host defense relationships represent physiologically important regulatory interactions vs. nonspecific cross-reactivity between the two systems remains an open question. In either case, it is unlikely that sleep or sleep loss have global effects on host defenses or vice versa. Further work is needed to understand the role of sleep in health and disease.", "publicationTitle": "Sleep", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Nov 1997", "volume": "20", "issue": "11", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1027-1037", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Sleep", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9456469", "accessDate": "2012-01-19T14:30:35Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0161-8105", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sleep and host defenses", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 9456469", "tags": [ { "tag": "Cytokines", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Immune System", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Killer Cells, Natural", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Deprivation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Time Factors", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-19T14:30:35Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "ABQHRUWA", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/ABQHRUWA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/ABQHRUWA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Born et al.", "parsedDate": "1997-05-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ABQHRUWA", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effects of sleep and circadian rhythm on human circulating immune cells", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J", "lastName": "Born" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T", "lastName": "Lange" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K", "lastName": "Hansen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M", "lastName": "Mölle" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H L", "lastName": "Fehm" } ], "abstractNote": "The role of nocturnal sleep for normal immune regulation and its relation to circadian rhythm was examined in 10 men participating in two 51-h sessions. One session included two regular wake-sleep cycles; the other included a night of sustained wakefulness followed by a night of recovery sleep. Blood was collected every 3 h to determine PBMC counts, including the enumeration of monocytes, NK cells, and lymphocyte subsets (CD19+, CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, HLA-DR+). Production of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, IL-2, and IFN-gamma was determined after stimulation of whole blood samples with LPS and PHA, respectively. Concentrations of IL-6 and cortisol were assessed in plasma. Enumeration of cells indicated significant circadian rhythms for all PBMC subsets under conditions of sustained wakefulness. Compared with sustained wakefulness, nocturnal sleep acutely reduced the numbers of monocytes, NK cells, and counts of all lymphocyte subsets. However, in the afternoon and evening of the day following sleep, counts of NK cells and lymphocytes were significantly higher than after nocturnal wakefulness, indicating that effects of sleep interacted with those of the circadian pacemaker. Sleep markedly enhanced production of IL-2 by T cells (CD3+) but did not influence production of IL-1beta and TNF-alpha, or IL-6 concentrations. Effects of sleep were not mediated by changes in cortisol. The decrease in monocytes, NK cells, and lymphocytes, together with an increased production of IL-2 during sleep, may serve to support ongoing immune defense in extravascular lymphoid tissue during a time of diminished acute Ag challenge.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Immunology (Baltimore, Md.: 1950)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 1, 1997", "volume": "158", "issue": "9", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "4454-4464", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J. Immunol.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9127011", "accessDate": "2012-01-19T13:58:57Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0022-1767", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 9127011", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Affect", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Body Temperature", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Circadian Rhythm", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cytokines", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Erythrocyte Count", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hematocrit", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hematopoiesis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hydrocortisone", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Immunity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Leukocyte Count", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Platelet Count", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tissue Distribution", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-19T13:58:57Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "TFSDTAZV", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TFSDTAZV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/TFSDTAZV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1359189, "username": "Tkanagasabai", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tkanagasabai", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Zisapel", "parsedDate": "2007-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "TFSDTAZV", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sleep and sleep disturbances: biological basis and clinical implications", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N", "lastName": "Zisapel" } ], "abstractNote": "Sleep is a neurochemical process involving sleep promoting and arousal centers in the brain. Sleep performs an essential restorative function and facilitates memory consolidation in humans. The remarkably standardized bouts of consolidated sleep at night and daytime wakefulness reflect an interaction between the homeostatic sleep need that is manifested by increase in sleep propensity after sleep deprivation and decrease during sleep and the circadian pacemaker. Melatonin, the hormone produced nocturnally by the pineal gland, serves as a time cue and sleep-anticipating signal. A close interaction exists between the sleep-wake, melatonin, core temperature, blood pressure, immune and hormonal rhythms leading to optimization of the internal temporal order. With age the robustness of the circadian system decreases and the prevalence of sleep disorders, particularly insomnia, increases. Deviant sleep patterns are associated with increased risks of morbidity, poor quality of life and mortality. Current sleep pharmacotherapies treat insufficient sleep quantity, but fail to improve daytime functioning. New treatment modalities for sleep disorders that will also improve daytime functioning remain a scientific and medical challenge.", "publicationTitle": "Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences: CMLS", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2007", "volume": "64", "issue": "10", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1174-1186", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cell. Mol. Life Sci.", "DOI": "10.1007/s00018-007-6529-9", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17364142", "accessDate": "2012-01-19T13:35:02Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1420-682X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sleep and sleep disturbances", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 17364142", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aging", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Brain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Circadian Rhythm", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Memory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Disorders", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/7NDB585T" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-19T13:35:02Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "KZRT36PM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/KZRT36PM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/KZRT36PM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "von Känel et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KZRT36PM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Poor sleep is associated with higher plasma proinflammatory cytokine interleukin-6 and procoagulant marker fibrin D-dimer in older caregivers of people with Alzheimer's disease", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roland", "lastName": "von Känel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joel E", "lastName": "Dimsdale" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sonia", "lastName": "Ancoli-Israel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul J", "lastName": "Mills" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas L", "lastName": "Patterson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christine L", "lastName": "McKibbin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher", "lastName": "Archuleta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Igor", "lastName": "Grant" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVES\n\nTo determine whether objective measures of sleep correlate with plasma levels of the proinflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-6 and the procoagulant marker fibrin D-dimer in caregivers of patients with dementia.\n\n\nDESIGN\n\nCross-sectional study.\n\n\nSETTING\n\nSubjects' homes.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS\n\nSixty-four community-dwelling spousal caregivers (69% women, mean age+/-standard deviation 72+/-9) and 36 sex-matched noncaregiving controls.\n\n\nMEASUREMENTS\n\nAll participants underwent in-home full-night polysomnography. Demographic and lifestyle factors, depression, diseases, and medication that could affect inflammation, coagulation, and sleep were controlled for in analyses regressing sleep variables and caregiver status and their interaction on plasma levels of IL-6 and D-dimer.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nCaregivers had higher levels of D-dimer (781+/-591 vs 463+/-214 ng/mL, P=.001) and IL-6 (1.42+/-1.52 vs 0.99+/-0.86 pg/mL, P<.06) and lower levels of total sleep time (369+/-70 vs 393+/-51 minutes, P=.049) and sleep efficiency (77+/-11 vs 82+/-9%, P=.04) than controls. After controlling for age and body mass index, longer wake time after sleep onset (change in coefficient of determination (DeltaR2)=0.039, P=.04) and the interaction between caregiver status and higher apnea-hypopnea index (DeltaR2=0.054, P=.01) were predictors of IL-6. Controlling for age, caregiver status independently predicted D-dimer levels (DeltaR2=0.047, P=.01). Controlling for age and caregiver status, lower sleep efficiency (DeltaR2=0.032, P=.03) and the interaction between caregiver status and more Stage 2 sleep (DeltaR2=0.037, P=.02) independently predicted plasma D-dimer levels.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\n\nPoor sleep was associated with higher plasma IL-6 and D-dimer levels. These effects were most pronounced in caregivers of subjects with Alzheimer's disease. The findings suggest a mechanism that may explain how disturbed sleep might be associated downstream with cardiovascular risk, particularly in older people under chronic stress.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of the American Geriatrics Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar 2006", "volume": "54", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "431-437", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Am Geriatr Soc", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1532-5415.2005.00642.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16551309", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T00:08:58Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0002-8614", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 16551309", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Alzheimer Disease", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Biological Markers", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Caregivers", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cross-Sectional Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Incidence", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Interleukin-6", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Occupational Diseases", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Occupational Exposure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polysomnography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Prevalence", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Risk Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Disorders", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stress, Psychological", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T00:08:58Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "CQDKDTUT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/CQDKDTUT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/CQDKDTUT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ayas et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-01-27", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "CQDKDTUT", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A prospective study of sleep duration and coronary heart disease in women", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Najib T", "lastName": "Ayas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David P", "lastName": "White" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "JoAnn E", "lastName": "Manson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Meir J", "lastName": "Stampfer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank E", "lastName": "Speizer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Atul", "lastName": "Malhotra" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank B", "lastName": "Hu" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND\n\nLong-term sleep deprivation is common in today's society. Recent experiments have demonstrated that short-term sleep deprivation in healthy subjects results in adverse physiologic changes, including a decreased glucose tolerance and an increased blood pressure. However, the long-term health consequences of long-term sleep deprivation are unclear. The objective of this study was to determine whether decreased sleep duration (from self-reports) is associated with an increased risk of coronary events.\n\n\nMETHODS\n\nWe studied a cohort of 71 617 US female health professionals (aged 45-65 years), without reported coronary heart disease (CHD) at baseline, who were enrolled in the Nurses' Health Study. Subjects were mailed a questionnaire in 1986 asking about daily sleep duration. Subjects were followed up until June 30, 1996, for the occurrence of CHD-related events. We assessed the relationship between self-reported sleep duration and incident CHD.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nA total of 934 coronary events were documented (271 fatal and 663 nonfatal) during the 10 years of follow up. Age-adjusted relative risks (95% confidence intervals) of CHD (with 8 hours of daily sleep being considered the reference group) for individuals reporting 5 or fewer, 6, and 7 hours of sleep were 1.82 (1.34-2.41), 1.30 (1.08-1.57), and 1.06 (0.89-1.26), respectively. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) for 9 or more hours of sleep was 1.57 (1.18-2.11). After adjusting for various potential confounders, including snoring, body mass index, and smoking, the relative risks of CHD (95% confidence intervals) for individuals reporting 5 or fewer, 6, and 7 hours of sleep were 1.45 (1.10-1.92), 1.18 (0.98-1.42), and 1.09 (0.91-1.30), respectively. The relative risk (95% confidence interval) for 9 or more hours of sleep was 1.38 (1.03-1.86).\n\n\nCONCLUSION\n\nShort and long self-reported sleep durations are independently associated with a modestly increased risk of coronary events.", "publicationTitle": "Archives of Internal Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan 27, 2003", "volume": "163", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "205-209", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Arch. Intern. Med.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12546611", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T00:06:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-9926", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 12546611", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Coronary Disease", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Prospective Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Risk Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Deprivation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Time Factors", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T00:06:38Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "NZFD7CQH", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/NZFD7CQH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/NZFD7CQH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hall et al.", "parsedDate": "1998-02", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "NZFD7CQH", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sleep as a mediator of the stress-immune relationship", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M", "lastName": "Hall" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A", "lastName": "Baum" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D J", "lastName": "Buysse" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H G", "lastName": "Prigerson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D J", "lastName": "Kupfer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C F, 3rd", "lastName": "Reynolds" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE\n\nTo evaluate the role of sleep in the relationship of intrusive thoughts/avoidance behaviors to natural killer cell (NKC) number and function.\n\n\nMETHOD\n\nTwenty-nine individuals seeking treatment for bereavement-related depression were studied in the sleep laboratory. Background and clinical variables, including the Impact of Event Scale (IES) and the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression (HRSD), were administered during the week preceding a 3-night sleep study. Blood samples were collected upon awakening after the second or third night of sleep.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nGreater frequency of intrusive thoughts and avoidance behaviors was associated with more time spent awake during the first non-rapid eye movement period (NREM-1) and lower NKC number (p values < .01). Greater time spent awake during NREM-1 was associated with lower NKC numbers (p < .05). Regression analyses revealed that the significant relationship between symptoms of intrusion/avoidance and NKC number was no longer significant when time spent awake during NREM-1 was entered into the regression equation. Time spent awake during NREM-1 accounted for 12% of the variance in NKC number (p < .05), whereas intrusion/avoidance accounted for 7% of the variance in NKC number (NS).\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\n\nThese results suggest that EEG-assessed sleep may be a significant correlate of the stress-immune relationship.", "publicationTitle": "Psychosomatic Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1998 Jan-Feb", "volume": "60", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "48-51", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Psychosom Med", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9492239", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T00:02:04Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0033-3174", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 9492239", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Bereavement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Defense Mechanisms", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Depressive Disorder, Major", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Double-Blind Method", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Killer Cells, Natural", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lymphocyte Count", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Personality Inventory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polysomnography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychoneuroimmunology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Stages", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep, REM", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stress, Psychological", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T00:02:04Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "H8V46S7F", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/H8V46S7F", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/H8V46S7F", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Foley et al.", "parsedDate": "1999-05-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "H8V46S7F", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Incidence and remission of insomnia among elderly adults in a biracial cohort", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D J", "lastName": "Foley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A A", "lastName": "Monjan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G", "lastName": "Izmirlian" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J C", "lastName": "Hays" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D G", "lastName": "Blazer" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVES\n\nTo determine the incidence and remission rates of insomnia in older adults according to race and associated risk factors in a three-year longitudinal study.\n\n\nMETHODS\n\n2,971 men and women, aged 65 years and older, completed questionnaires administered by trained interviewers at baseline and three years later. Data concerning difficulty falling asleep or early morning arousal (insomnia), along with self-reports of physical disability, respiratory symptoms, depressive symptomatology, perceived health status, and use of prescribed sedative medication, were collected and analyzed.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nOverall, 15% of the participants without symptoms of insomnia at baseline reported chronic difficulty falling asleep or early morning arousal three years later in follow-up interviews. African-American women had a significantly (p < 0.01) higher incidence of insomnia (19%) compared with African-American men (12%) or with white men and women (both 14%). Men were more likely than women to no longer report symptoms at follow-up (64% vs 42%; p < 0.01). For both races, the presence of depressed mood was a risk factor for the incidence of insomnia, and the absence of depressed mood was a predictor of remission.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\n\nInsomnia occurs more frequently in African-American women than in African-American men or than in white men or women. Regardless of race, women are less likely than men to resolve their insomnia. The high prevalence and incidence of morbidity in elderly African-American women may contribute to their high rate of insomnia.", "publicationTitle": "Sleep", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 1, 1999", "volume": "22 Suppl 2", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "S373-378", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Sleep", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10394610", "accessDate": "2012-01-25T23:58:14Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0161-8105", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 10394610", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged, 80 and over", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cohort Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Continental Population Groups", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Depression", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Follow-Up Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Health Status", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Incidence", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "North Carolina", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Questionnaires", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Remission, Spontaneous", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Rural Population", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sex Distribution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Urban Population", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-25T23:58:14Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "TK3BHA6K", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/TK3BHA6K", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/TK3BHA6K", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bliwise", "parsedDate": "1993-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TK3BHA6K", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sleep in normal aging and dementia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D L", "lastName": "Bliwise" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Sleep", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan 1993", "volume": "16", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "40-81", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Sleep", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8456235", "accessDate": "2012-01-25T23:56:58Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0161-8105", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 8456235", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adolescent", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aging", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Circadian Rhythm", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Dementia", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Electroencephalography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Disorders", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-25T23:56:58Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "JJQPWD4N", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/JJQPWD4N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/JJQPWD4N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Driscoll et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JJQPWD4N", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sleeping well, aging well: a descriptive and cross-sectional study of sleep in \"successful agers\" 75 and older", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Henry C", "lastName": "Driscoll" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Linda", "lastName": "Serody" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Susan", "lastName": "Patrick" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer", "lastName": "Maurer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salem", "lastName": "Bensasi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Patricia R", "lastName": "Houck" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sati", "lastName": "Mazumdar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric A", "lastName": "Nofzinger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bethany", "lastName": "Bell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert D", "lastName": "Nebes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark D", "lastName": "Miller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charles F, 3rd", "lastName": "Reynolds" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVES\n\nTo examine diary-based, laboratory-based, and actigraphic measures of sleep in a group of healthy older women and men (> or =75 years of age) without sleep/wake complaints and to describe sleep characteristics which may be correlates of health-related quality of life in old age.\n\n\nDESIGN\n\nCross-sectional, descriptive study.\n\n\nSETTING\n\nUniversity-based sleep and chronobiology program.\n\n\nINTERVENTION\n\nNone.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS\n\nSixty-four older adults (30 women, 34 men; mean age 79).\n\n\nMEASUREMENTS\n\nWe used diary-, actigraphic-, and laboratory-based measures of sleep, health-related quality of life, mental health, social support, and coping strategies. We used two-group t-tests to compare baseline demographic and clinical measures between men and women, followed by ANOVA on selected EEG measures to examine first-night effects as evidence of physiological adaptability. Finally, we examined correlations between measure of sleep and health-related quality of life.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nWe observed that healthy men and women aged 75 and older can experience satisfactory nocturnal sleep quality and daytime alertness, especially as reflected in self-report and diary-based measures. Polysomnography (psg) suggested the presence of a first-night effect, especially in men, consistent with continued normal adaptability in this cohort of healthy older adults. Continuity and depth of sleep in older women were superior to that of men. Diary-based measures of sleep quality (but not psg measures) correlated positively (small to moderate effect sizes) with physical and mental health-related quality of life.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\n\nSleep quality and daytime alertness in late life may be more important aspects of successful aging than previously appreciated. Good sleep may be a marker of good functioning across a variety of domains in old age. Our observations suggest the need to study interventions which protect sleep quality in older adults to determine if doing so fosters continued successful aging.", "publicationTitle": "The American Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry: Official Journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan 2008", "volume": "16", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "74-82", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Am J Geriatr Psychiatry", "DOI": "10.1097/JGP.0b013e3181557b69", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18070833", "accessDate": "2012-01-25T23:55:45Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1064-7481", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sleeping well, aging well", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 18070833", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptation, Psychological", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged, 80 and over", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Analysis of Variance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cross-Sectional Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Health Status", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mental Health", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Quality of Life", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sex Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Social Support", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "United States", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-25T23:55:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "C2ZSB46E", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/C2ZSB46E", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/C2ZSB46E", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hall et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "C2ZSB46E", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Self-reported sleep duration is associated with the metabolic syndrome in midlife adults", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Martica H", "lastName": "Hall" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthew F", "lastName": "Muldoon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J Richard", "lastName": "Jennings" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel J", "lastName": "Buysse" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Janine D", "lastName": "Flory" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stephen B", "lastName": "Manuck" } ], "abstractNote": "STUDY OBJECTIVE\n\nShort and long sleep duration have been linked to various risk factors for cardiovascular disease. In the present study, we evaluated the relationship between sleep duration and presence of the metabolic syndrome, which is a cluster of physiologically interrelated risk factors for cardiometabolic disease.\n\n\nDESIGN/SETTING\n\nCross-sectional community-based cohort study.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS\n\nOne thousand two hundred fourteen participants from the Adult Health and Behavior Project registry (aged 30 to 54 years).\n\n\nMEASUREMENTS\n\nParticipants were divided into 4 groups based upon their reported sleep duration. The metabolic syndrome was defined according to the American Heart Association/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's criteria. Logistic regression was used to test the hypothesis that sleep duration is a significant correlate of the metabolic syndrome and its components.\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nThe observed metabolic syndrome rate (22%) was similar to that of published health statistics for American adults. After covariate adjustment, the odds for having the metabolic syndrome increased by more than 45% in both short and long sleepers, compared with those sleeping 7 to 8 hours per night. Sleep duration was also associated individually with abdominal obesity, elevated fasting glucose, and hypertriglyceridemia. After further adjustment for use of antihypertensive medication, prevalence of the metabolic syndrome and its components remained elevated in short sleepers only.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\n\nThese data suggest that sleep duration is a significant correlate of the metabolic syndrome. Additional studies are needed to evaluate temporal relationships among these measures, the behavioral and physiologic mechanisms that link the two, and their impact on subsequent cardiometabolic disease.", "publicationTitle": "Sleep", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2008", "volume": "31", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "635-643", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Sleep", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18517034", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T00:11:06Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0161-8105", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 18517034", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Blood Glucose", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cardiovascular Diseases", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cohort Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cross-Sectional Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Metabolic Syndrome X", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Obesity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pennsylvania", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Registries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Deprivation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Statistics as Topic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Waist-Hip Ratio", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T00:11:06Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "CZ8M7UUH", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/CZ8M7UUH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/CZ8M7UUH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ferrie et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CZ8M7UUH", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A prospective study of change in sleep duration: associations with mortality in the Whitehall II cohort", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jane E", "lastName": "Ferrie" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Martin J", "lastName": "Shipley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Francesco P", "lastName": "Cappuccio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric", "lastName": "Brunner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michelle A", "lastName": "Miller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Meena", "lastName": "Kumari" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael G", "lastName": "Marmot" } ], "abstractNote": "STUDY OBJECTIVES\n\nAlthough sleep curtailment has become widespread in industrialised societies, little work has examined the effects on mortality of change in sleep duration. We investigated associations of sleep duration and change in sleep duration with all-cause, cardiovascular, and non-cardiovascular mortality.\n\n\nDESIGN\n\nProspective cohort study. Data are from baseline (Phase 1, 1985-88) and Phase 3 (1991-93), with mortality follow-up of 17 and 12 years respectively.\n\n\nSETTING\n\nThe Whitehall II study of 10,308 white-collar British civil servants aged 35-55 at baseline.\n\n\nPARTICIPANTS\n\n9781 participants with complete data were included in the analyses at Phase 1, and 7729 of the same participants were included in the analyses at Phase 3 and the analyses of change in sleep duration.\n\n\nINTERVENTIONS\n\nNone.\n\n\nMEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS\n\nU-shaped associations were observed between sleep (< or =5, 6, 7, 8, > or =9 hours) at Phase 1 and Phase 3 and subsequent all-cause, cardiovascular, and non-cardiovascular mortality. A decrease in sleep duration among participants sleeping 6, 7, or 8 hours at baseline was associated with cardiovascular mortality, hazard ratio 2.4 (95% confidence intervals 1.4-4.1). However, an increase in sleep duration among those sleeping 7 or 8 hours at baseline was associated with non-cardiovascular mortality, hazard ratio 2.1 (1.4-3.1). Adjustment for the socio-demographic factors, existing morbidity, and health-related behaviours measured left these associations largely unchanged.\n\n\nCONCLUSIONS\n\nThis is the first study to show that both a decrease in sleep duration and an increase in sleep duration are associated with an increase in mortality via effects on cardiovascular death and non-cardiovascular death respectively.", "publicationTitle": "Sleep", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Dec 2007", "volume": "30", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1659-1666", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Sleep", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18246975", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T00:07:40Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0161-8105", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "A prospective study of change in sleep duration", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 18246975", "tags": [ { "tag": "Analysis of Variance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cause of Death", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cohort Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "England", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Health Behavior", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Health Surveys", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mortality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Proportional Hazards Models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Prospective Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T00:07:40Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "VHBJD2ID", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/VHBJD2ID", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/VHBJD2ID", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Friedman et al.", "parsedDate": "2000", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "VHBJD2ID", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "An actigraphic comparison of sleep restriction and sleep hygiene treatments for insomnia in older adults", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L", "lastName": "Friedman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K", "lastName": "Benson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A", "lastName": "Noda" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "V", "lastName": "Zarcone" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D A", "lastName": "Wicks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K", "lastName": "O'Connell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J O, 3rd", "lastName": "Brooks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D L", "lastName": "Bliwise" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J A", "lastName": "Yesavage" } ], "abstractNote": "We compared the efficacy of sleep restriction therapy combined with sleep hygiene, nap modification of sleep restriction therapy combined with sleep hygiene, and sleep hygiene alone as treatments for insomnia in 39 community-dwelling men and women 55 years and older. We used the wrist actigraph as an objective outcome measure for all subjects at baseline, end of treatment, and 3-month follow-up; polysomnography (PSG) was conducted in a subgroup of subjects. Although subjects appeared to follow restriction instructions through follow-up, we found few between-group differences in treatment efficacy. Lack of treatment effect might be explained by the efficacy of HYG as a treatment in itself and the relatively low symptom level in these healthy older poor sleepers. At baseline, actigraphic results were found to correlate more highly than sleep log data with PSG in our sample. Actigraphic total sleep time, in particular, was highly correlated with PSG.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry and Neurology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2000", "volume": "13", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "17-27", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10753003", "accessDate": "2012-01-26T00:00:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0891-9887", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 10753003", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Behavior Therapy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Circadian Rhythm", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Follow-Up Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Monitoring, Ambulatory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Motor Activity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polysomnography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Deprivation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Treatment Outcome", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-26T00:00:38Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } }, { "key": "C26BTEKW", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 65333, "name": "Sleep", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/65333/items/C26BTEKW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sleep/items/C26BTEKW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 405423, "username": "Angel_Klanchar", "name": "S. Angelina Klanchar", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/angel_klanchar", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Prinz et al.", "parsedDate": "1990-08-23", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "C26BTEKW", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Geriatrics: sleep disorders and aging", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P N", "lastName": "Prinz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M V", "lastName": "Vitiello" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M A", "lastName": "Raskind" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M J", "lastName": "Thorpy" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The New England Journal of Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Aug 23, 1990", "volume": "323", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "520-526", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "N. Engl. J. Med.", "DOI": "10.1056/NEJM199008233230805", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2198467", "accessDate": "2012-01-25T23:59:44Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0028-4793", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Geriatrics", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 2198467", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aging", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Disorders", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "X2U4WUKB" ], "relations": { "dc:relation": "http://zotero.org/groups/65333/items/RWKJ66SB" }, "dateAdded": "2012-01-25T23:59:44Z", "dateModified": "2012-10-11T20:14:55Z" } } ]