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"links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/64499/items/Q4RE8IZF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic/items/Q4RE8IZF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 600950, "username": "robertss87", "name": "Spencer Roberts", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/robertss87", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Salisbury", "parsedDate": "1996-07-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "Q4RE8IZF", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Indians' Old World: Native Americans and the Coming of Europeans", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Neal", "lastName": "Salisbury" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The William and Mary Quarterly", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 01, 1996", "volume": "53", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "435-458", "series": "Third Series", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.2307/2947200", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2947200", "accessDate": "2012-01-10T15:36:40Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0043-5597", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Indians' Old World", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Issue Title: Indians and Others in Early America / Full publication date: Jul., 1996 / Copyright © 1996 Omohundro Institute of Early American History and Culture", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z" } }, { "key": "PGHJMW5T", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 64499, "name": "HIST 5V03 Early North Atlantic", "links": { 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C.", "lastName": "Buckland" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Diana", "lastName": "Savory" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gudrun", "lastName": "Sveinbjarnardottir" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Claus", "lastName": "Andreason" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Skidmore" } ], "abstractNote": "While bioarchaeological research in Norse Greenland has a long and distinguished history, techniques of systematic sampling and stratigraphic analysis of faunal and macrofloral remains have only recently become part of normal fieldwork. A combination of new bioarchaeological evidence (including mammal and bird bones, insects, feathers, and macrofloral remains) allows the reconstruction of local site environment and of some cultural activities around V48 and V54, two Norse sites investigated during the 1976-1977 Inuit-Norse Project. The combined bioarchaeological evidence generally confirms functional interpretations of various rooms at V54 Nipaitsoq based upon artifact distribution, while serving to underline the general squalor of rural life in this medieval outpost.", "publicationTitle": "Arctic Anthropology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 01, 1983", "volume": "20", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "93-120", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/40316049", "accessDate": "2012-01-09T15:46:50Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0066-6939", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: 1983 / Copyright © 1983 University of Wisconsin Press", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z" } }, { "key": "RJ3C59PS", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 64499, "name": "HIST 5V03 Early North Atlantic", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/64499/items/RJ3C59PS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic/items/RJ3C59PS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 600950, "username": "robertss87", "name": "Spencer Roberts", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/robertss87", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McGovern", "parsedDate": "1980", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RJ3C59PS", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Cows, Harp Seals, and Churchbells: Adaptation and Extinction in Norse Greenland", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas H.", "lastName": "McGovern" } ], "abstractNote": "The extinction of the Norse colony in West Greenland (ca A.D. 985-1500) has intrigued generations of historians, medieval archaeologists, and climatologists. This longstanding interest has generated a considerable body of basic paleoclimatic and paleoecological data, as well as a number of largely monocausal explanations for the communities' end. The 1976-1977 Inuit-Norse Project and a variety of recent geophysical and palynological studies have provided the greater detail necessary for a more systematic analysis of cultural adaptation and extinction in Norse Greenland. A dual maritime/terrestrial Norse subsistence economy, combined with a transatlantic trade and long-range arctic hunting, supported a hierarchical social organization and elaborate ceremonial architecture. Elite information management and economic decision-making seems to have been a source of ultimately fatal Norse conservatism in the face of fluctuating resources and Inuit competition.", "publicationTitle": "Human Ecology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1980", "volume": "8", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "245-275", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4602559", "accessDate": "2012-01-09T15:48:54Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0300-7839", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Cows, Harp Seals, and Churchbells", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Sep., 1980 / Copyright © 1980 Springer", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z" 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"creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Søren", "lastName": "Nørby" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Polar Record", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004", "volume": "40", "issue": "02", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "107-111", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1017/S0032247402002875", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://journals.cambridge.org/action/displayAbstract?fromPage=online&aid=216319", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Greenland Norse", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Cambridge Journals Online", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z" } }, { "key": "VNI3THQN", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 64499, "name": "HIST 5V03 Early North Atlantic", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/64499/items/VNI3THQN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic/items/VNI3THQN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 600950, "username": "robertss87", "name": "Spencer Roberts", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/robertss87", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hoidal", "parsedDate": "1980-10-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "VNI3THQN", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Norsemen and the North American Forests", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Oddvar K.", "lastName": "Hoidal" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Forest History", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 01, 1980", "volume": "24", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "200-203", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.2307/4004445", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4004445", "accessDate": "2012-01-09T15:50:09Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0094-5080", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Oct., 1980 / Copyright © 1980 Forest History Society and American Society for Environmental History", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z" } }, { "key": "D9EIJGTM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 64499, "name": "HIST 5V03 Early North Atlantic", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/64499/items/D9EIJGTM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/hist_5v03_early_north_atlantic/items/D9EIJGTM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 600950, "username": "robertss87", "name": "Spencer Roberts", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/robertss87", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dugmore et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "D9EIJGTM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Norse Greenland Settlement: Reflections on Climate Change, Trade, and the Contrasting Fates of Human Settlements in the North Atlantic Islands", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrew J.", "lastName": "Dugmore" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christian", "lastName": "Keller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas H.", "lastName": "McGovern" } ], "abstractNote": "Changing economies and patterns of trade, rather than climatic deterioration, could have critically marginalized the Norse Greenland settlements and effectively sealed their fate. Counter-intuitively, the end of Norse Greenland might not be symptomatic of a failure to adapt to environmental change, but a consequence of successful wider economic developments of Norse communities across North Atlantic. Data from Greenland, the Faroe Islands, and medieval Iceland is used to explore the interplay of Norse society with climate, environment, settlement, and other circumstances. Long term increases in vulnerability caused by economic change and cumulative climate changes sparked a cascading collapse of integrated interdependent settlement systems, bringing the end of Norse Greenland.", "publicationTitle": "Arctic Anthropology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 01 , 2007", "volume": "44", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "12 -36", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.3368/aa.44.1.12", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aa.uwpress.org/content/44/1/12.abstract", "accessDate": "2012-01-09T15:55:30Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Norse Greenland Settlement", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z", "dateModified": "2012-01-10T19:43:45Z" } } ]