[ { "key": "3M5QR3MW", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/3M5QR3MW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/3M5QR3MW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rubin", "parsedDate": "1983", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3M5QR3MW", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Television uses and gratifications: The interactions of viewing patterns and motivations", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alan M.", "lastName": "Rubin" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Broadcasting", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "01/1983", "volume": "27", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "37-51", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/08838158309386471", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158309386471", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:40:55Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0021-938X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Television uses and gratifications", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:40:55Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:40:55Z" } }, { "key": "CB2WNBSP", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/CB2WNBSP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/CB2WNBSP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/3M5QR3MW", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "CB2WNBSP", "version": 1, "parentItem": "3M5QR3MW", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Taylor & Francis Online :: Television uses and gratifications: The interactions of viewing patterns and motivations - Journal of Broadcasting - Volume 27, Issue 1", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:40:55Z", "url": "http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/08838158309386471", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:40:55Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:40:55Z" } }, { "key": "KU9SXTNM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/KU9SXTNM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/KU9SXTNM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rubin and Perse", "parsedDate": "1987-12-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KU9SXTNM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Audience Activity and Soap Opera Involvement A Uses and Effects Investigation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alan M", "lastName": "Rubin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elizabeth M", "lastName": "Perse" } ], "abstractNote": "This investigation examined the role of motives, attitudes, and audience activity in explaining the affective, cognitive, and behavioral involvement of 328 daytime soap opera viewers. Because inter correlations were found among motives, attitudes, activities, and involvement variables, canonical correlation analysis was used. There were two multivariate patterns. First, except for viewing to pass time, more salient viewing motivations (especially exciting entertainment and social utility), perceived realism, viewing intention, and attention were related to parasocial interaction, post viewing cognition, and post viewing discussion. Second, viewing for social utility, but not for voyeurism, and the lack of realism were related to post viewing discussion, but not to parasocial interaction. These audience orientations and the role of involvement in media uses and effects were discussed.", "publicationTitle": "Human Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1987/12/01", "volume": "14", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "246-268", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1468-2958.1987.tb00129.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1987.tb00129.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:40:33Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1468-2958", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:40:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:40:33Z" } }, { "key": "PSE7CRGB", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/PSE7CRGB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/PSE7CRGB", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/38924RRD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "PSE7CRGB", "version": 1, "parentItem": "38924RRD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/14/1/58.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z" } }, { "key": "67B7SSXN", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/67B7SSXN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/67B7SSXN", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/38924RRD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "67B7SSXN", "version": 1, "parentItem": "38924RRD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/14/1/58.short", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z" } }, { "key": "38924RRD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/38924RRD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/38924RRD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "RUBIN and PERSE", "parsedDate": "1987-02-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "38924RRD", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Audience Activity and Television News Gratifications", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "ALAN M.", "lastName": "RUBIN" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "ELIZABETH M.", "lastName": "PERSE" } ], "abstractNote": "The variable nature of audience activity was examined with a sample of 329 local television news viewers. Instrumental news viewing was expected to be related to audience intentionality, selectivity, and involvement with local news. Hierarchical regression found that affinity, selectivity, and involvement predicted intentionality; pass time motives, perceived realism, and reduced intentionality predicted nonselectivity; pass time motives and reduced affinity predicted distractions; and information and nonentertainment motives, perceived realism, and intentionality predicted involvement. Canonical correlation found two news viewing orientations. Instrumental use, or seeking exciting and entertaining information gratifications, was related positively to perceived news realism, affinity, intentionality, and involvement. Ritualized use, or more habitual and time-consuming viewing, was related negatively to news affinity, selectivity, and intentionality, and positively to coviewing distractions. Implications of the links between instrumental media use and audience activity for uses and effects research are discussed.", "publicationTitle": "Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 01 , 1987", "volume": "14", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "58 -84", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1177/009365087014001004", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/14/1/58.abstract", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:39:07Z" } }, { "key": "62G3CT4K", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/62G3CT4K", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/62G3CT4K", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rubin et al.", "parsedDate": "1985-12-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "62G3CT4K", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Loneliness, Parasocial Interaction, and Local Television News Viewing", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alan M", "lastName": "Rubin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elizabeth M", "lastName": "Perse" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert A", "lastName": "Powell" } ], "abstractNote": "A conceptual model was developed predicting parasocial interaction from both a social interaction need due to loneliness and instrumental television news use. Questionnaires were completed by 329 persons. Pearson and partial correlations supported hypotheses linking loneliness with less interpersonal communication and both loneliness and parasocial interaction with more television reliance. Loneliness and parasocial interaction were not correlated. Canonical correlation analysis supported expectations that instrumental news viewing for information was related to more parasocial interaction and perceived news realism; viewing news for exciting entertainment, news affinity, and news viewing levels correlated positively with this pattern. Ritualized news viewing for time consumption was related to more television viewing, but to less news viewing, duration, and affinity. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis identified news affinity, perceived news realism, and information news viewing motives as salient predictors of parasocial interaction with a favorite local television news personality. Implications of results were discussed in light of uses and gratifications research and communication interaction.", "publicationTitle": "Human Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1985/12/01", "volume": "12", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "155-180", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1468-2958.1985.tb00071.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:38:59Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1468-2958", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:38:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:38:59Z" } }, { "key": "QNPRKMWD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/QNPRKMWD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/QNPRKMWD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ESFHC5IT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "QNPRKMWD", "version": 1, "parentItem": "ESFHC5IT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/18/4/443.full.pdf+html?frame=sidebar", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z" } }, { "key": "ESFHC5IT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ESFHC5IT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/ESFHC5IT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "CONWAY and RUBIN", "parsedDate": "1991", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "ESFHC5IT", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Psychological Predictors of Television Viewing Motivation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "JOSEPH C.", "lastName": "CONWAY" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "ALAN M.", "lastName": "RUBIN" } ], "abstractNote": "Our objective was to explore the psychological origins of media gratifications by examining how pertinent psychological variables, based on McGuire's paradigm, help explain television viewing motivation. Hierarchical multiple regression of responses from a quota sample of 331 persons showed that psychological antecedents and control variables helped predict viewing motivation. Parasocial interaction, anxiety, creativity, and sensation seeking's disinhibition dimension were the most substantial predictors, along with television affinity and exposure. We discussed the implications of these findings.", "publicationTitle": "Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1991", "volume": "18", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "443 -463", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1177/009365091018004001", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/18/4/443.abstract", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z" } }, { "key": "TCKTDRIT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/TCKTDRIT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/TCKTDRIT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ESFHC5IT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "TCKTDRIT", "version": 1, "parentItem": "ESFHC5IT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/18/4/443.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z", "dateModified": "2011-12-02T23:36:54Z" } }, { "key": "DHAFQ7ZX", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/DHAFQ7ZX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/DHAFQ7ZX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tovares", "parsedDate": "2006", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DHAFQ7ZX", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Public medium, private talk: Gossip about a TV show as ‘quotidian hermeneutics’", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alla V", "lastName": "Tovares" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Text & Talk - An Interdisciplinary Journal of Language, Discourse & Communication Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2006", "volume": "26", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "463-491", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1515/TEXT.2006.019", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.reference-global.com/doi/abs/10.1515/TEXT.2006.019", "accessDate": "2011-10-23T21:10:02Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1860-7330, 1860-7349", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Public medium, private talk", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-23T21:10:26Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-23T21:10:26Z" } }, { "key": "FD2NDBM9", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/FD2NDBM9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/FD2NDBM9", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/FGAPPZ8K", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "FD2NDBM9", "version": 1, "parentItem": "FGAPPZ8K", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/7/3/319.full.pdf+html?frame=sidebar", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z" } }, { "key": "ANT83TFB", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ANT83TFB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/ANT83TFB", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/FGAPPZ8K", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "ANT83TFB", "version": 1, "parentItem": "FGAPPZ8K", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/7/3/319.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z" } }, { "key": "FGAPPZ8K", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/FGAPPZ8K", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/FGAPPZ8K", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lull", "parsedDate": "1980-07-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "FGAPPZ8K", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Family Communication Patterns and the Social Uses of Television", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James", "lastName": "Lull" } ], "abstractNote": "Audience members \"use\" television in a variety of ways. The social environment in the family home is a major contributor to differential uses of the medium by individuals. Previous research on family communication patterns, for instance, has demonstrated that families which stress harmo nious social relations at home (socio orientation) differ in many attitudes, activities, and media habits from families which stress the independent expression of ideas (concept orientation). This survey research explores the ways in which socio-oriented and concept-oriented audience members differ in their uses of television as a resource for the accomplishment of interpersonal objectives at home. Differences were found for behaviors which range from structuring daily activities and talk patterns to more complex interpersonal goals such as communication facilitation, affilia tionlavoidance, social learning, and demonstration of competence/domi nance.", "publicationTitle": "Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 01 , 1980", "volume": "7", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "319 -333", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1177/009365028000700303", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/7/3/319.abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T23:18:38Z" } }, { "key": "V29MS8AT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/V29MS8AT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/V29MS8AT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ERIA49AP", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "V29MS8AT", "version": 1, "parentItem": "ERIA49AP", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/7/3/319.short", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z" } }, { "key": "JAPI9466", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/JAPI9466", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/JAPI9466", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ERIA49AP", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "JAPI9466", "version": 1, "parentItem": "ERIA49AP", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/7/3/319.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z" } }, { "key": "ERIA49AP", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/ERIA49AP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/ERIA49AP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lull", "parsedDate": "1980-07-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "ERIA49AP", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Family Communication Patterns and the Social Uses of Television", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James", "lastName": "Lull" } ], "abstractNote": "Audience members \"use\" television in a variety of ways. The social environment in the family home is a major contributor to differential uses of the medium by individuals. Previous research on family communication patterns, for instance, has demonstrated that families which stress harmo nious social relations at home (socio orientation) differ in many attitudes, activities, and media habits from families which stress the independent expression of ideas (concept orientation). This survey research explores the ways in which socio-oriented and concept-oriented audience members differ in their uses of television as a resource for the accomplishment of interpersonal objectives at home. Differences were found for behaviors which range from structuring daily activities and talk patterns to more complex interpersonal goals such as communication facilitation, affilia tionlavoidance, social learning, and demonstration of competence/domi nance.", "publicationTitle": "Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 01 , 1980", "volume": "7", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "319 -333", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1177/009365028000700303", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/7/3/319.abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T22:54:01Z" } }, { "key": "XAX8RH9U", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/XAX8RH9U", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/XAX8RH9U", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/WI6TW2EK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "XAX8RH9U", "version": 1, "parentItem": "WI6TW2EK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "JSTOR Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T20:51:40Z", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/2094393.pdf?acceptTC=true", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T20:51:40Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T20:51:40Z" } }, { "key": "WI6TW2EK", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/WI6TW2EK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/WI6TW2EK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Katz et al.", "parsedDate": "1973-04-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "WI6TW2EK", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "On the Use of the Mass Media for Important Things", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elihu", "lastName": "Katz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hadassah", "lastName": "Haas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Gurevitch" } ], "abstractNote": "The mass media are ranked with respect to their perceived helpfulness in satisfying clusters of needs arising from social roles and individual dispositions. For example, integration into the sociopolitical order is best served by newspapers; while \"knowing oneself\" is best served by books. Cinema and books are more helpful as means of \"escape\" than is television. Primary relations, holidays and other cultural activities are often more important than the mass media in satisfying needs. Television is the least specialized medium, serving many different personal and political needs. The \"interchangeability\" of the media over a variety of functions orders televisions, radio, newspapers, books, and cinema in a circumplex. We speculate about which attributes of the media explain the social and psychological needs they serve best. The data, drawn from an Israeli survey, are presented as a basis for cross-cultural comparison.", "publicationTitle": "American Sociological Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 01, 1973", "volume": "38", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "164-181", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.2307/2094393", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2094393", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T20:51:40Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-1224", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Apr., 1973 / Copyright © 1973 American Sociological Association", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T20:51:40Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T20:51:40Z" } }, { "key": "Q55N53RM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/Q55N53RM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/Q55N53RM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wober and Gunter", "parsedDate": "1982-09-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "Q55N53RM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Television and personal threat: fact or artifact? A British survey", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mallory", "lastName": "Wober" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Barrie", "lastName": "Gunter" } ], "abstractNote": "Following analyses of public survey data in the United States, Gerbner and his associates found that people who watch a great deal of television are more likely to show social anxiety and mistrust of others than are less frequent viewers. On this evidence they argued that television cultivates fearfulness and alienation. However, previous research on related social beliefs indicated that they may be a function of deep-seated personality dispositions of individuals associated with more general social conditions — one such factor being Rotter's internal-external control dimension. As other writers have shown (a) that social anxiety and anomie vary among different social groups and (b) that controls for demographic factors often significantly weaken relationships between viewing behaviour and social opinion, it is possible that both extent of viewing and fearfulness/mistrust are a function of some third variable — perhaps an underlying personality characteristic. To test this, data were collected from a British sample of over 300 individuals in the London ITV region on television viewing habits, fearfulness and anomie, and locus of control. Results showed that whilst fear of being a victim of crime correlated significantly with television viewing initially, this relationship disappeared when the influence of internal-external control was partialled out. It was concluded that belief items used by Gerbner may be less robustly related to viewing behaviour than the factor measured by locus-of-control items and may offer a powerful alternative explanation for the relationship between television viewing and paranoid social perceptions.", "publicationTitle": "British Journal of Social Psychology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1982/09/01", "volume": "21", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "239-247", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.2044-8309.1982.tb00545.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.2044-8309.1982.tb00545.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T00:58:16Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2044-8309", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Television and personal threat", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T00:58:16Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T00:58:16Z" } }, { "key": "XAGDS3WU", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/XAGDS3WU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/XAGDS3WU", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/9JDS4ZUQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "XAGDS3WU", "version": 1, "parentItem": "9JDS4ZUQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/10/4/430.short", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z" } }, { "key": "9JDS4ZUQ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/9JDS4ZUQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/9JDS4ZUQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "WEBSTER and WAKSHLAG", "parsedDate": "1983-10-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "9JDS4ZUQ", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A THEORY OF TELEVISION PROGRAM CHOICE", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "JAMES G.", "lastName": "WEBSTER" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "JACOB J.", "lastName": "WAKSHLAG" } ], "abstractNote": "Researchers have employed different theoretical frameworks to predict patterns of television program choice. Despite varied theoretical origins, such efforts typically assume that program choice is systematically related to program content. A substantial body of marketing research, however, has provided evidence that choice is determined by scheduling—not content—factors, drawing into question the explanatory power of current theories. This article integrates disparate theoretical perspectives into a single model that is consistent with empirically documented patterns of choice.", "publicationTitle": "Communication Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 01 , 1983", "volume": "10", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "430 -446", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1177/009365083010004002", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/10/4/430.abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z" } }, { "key": "6ECB59XP", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/6ECB59XP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/6ECB59XP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/9JDS4ZUQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "6ECB59XP", "version": 1, "parentItem": "9JDS4ZUQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/10/4/430.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T00:56:11Z" } }, { "key": "XM63DTPD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/XM63DTPD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/XM63DTPD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/MU4WSQQT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "XM63DTPD", "version": 1, "parentItem": "MU4WSQQT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T00:50:52Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/24/2/107.short", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T00:50:52Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T00:50:52Z" } }, { "key": "FMDBC5TD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 57728, "name": "Television Motivation", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/FMDBC5TD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/television_motivation/items/FMDBC5TD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/57728/items/MU4WSQQT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 750507, "username": "bobbyapurks", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bobbyapurks", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "FMDBC5TD", "version": 1, "parentItem": "MU4WSQQT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2011-10-21T00:50:52Z", "url": "http://crx.sagepub.com/content/24/2/107.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-21T00:50:52Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-21T00:50:52Z" } } ]