[ { "key": "8USF2SMU", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/8USF2SMU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/8USF2SMU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Norton", "parsedDate": "2009-07-31", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8USF2SMU", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Species Invasions and the Limits to Restoration: Learning from the New Zealand Experience", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David A.", "lastName": "Norton" } ], "abstractNote": "Species invasions impose key biotic thresholds limiting the success of ecological restoration projects. These thresholds may be difficult to reverse and will have long-term consequences for restoration because of invasion legacies such as extinctions; because most invasive species cannot be eliminated given current technology and resources; and because even when controlled to low levels, invasive species continue to exert substantial pressure on native biodiversity. Restoration outcomes in the face of biological invasions are likely to be novel and will require long-term resource commitment, as any letup in invasive species management will result in the loss of the conservation gains achieved.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 31 , 2009", "volume": "325", "issue": "5940", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "569 -571", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1126/science.1172978", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/325/5940/569.abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T23:04:21Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Species Invasions and the Limits to Restoration", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Highwire 2.0", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "AZTVGQP9", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/AZTVGQP9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/AZTVGQP9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ren et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-08", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AZTVGQP9", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sonneratia apetala Buch.Ham in the mangrove ecosystems of China: An invasive species or restoration species?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hai", "lastName": "Ren" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hongfang", "lastName": "Lu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Weijun", "lastName": "Shen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charlie", "lastName": "Huang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Qinfeng", "lastName": "Guo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zhi’an", "lastName": "Li" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shuguang", "lastName": "Jian" } ], "abstractNote": "By the end of 1990s when China initiated a 10-year mangrove reforestation project, the mangrove forest area had decreased from 250,000 to 15,000 ha. Over 80% of current Chinese mangroves are degraded secondary forests or plantations. As an initial restoration and reforestation effort, Sonneratia apetala, a native of India, Bengal and Sri Lanka, was introduced in 1985 to Dong Zhaigang Mangrove Nature Reserve in Hainan Island from Bengal. It has then been introduced into other places since 1991. However, the further use of the species is becoming increasingly controversial as there are emerging signs that it may become invasive in certain locations. A comprehensive evaluation of the species’ condition in China regarding benefits and risks is critically needed. Here, we map the introduction and dispersal routes and monitor the growth of S. apetala in China from 1985 to 2006. S. apetala grows fast and performs well in the introduced 2300 ha muddy beaches area. It greatly improves the soil fertility and shows a suite of suitable characteristics as a pioneer restoration species. Currently, no natural invasion of S. apetala has been observed in the northern mangrove area. However, invasion into natural forests does occur in southerly locations such as Shenzhen, Zhanjiang and Dong Zhaigang. In these locations, S. apetala exhibits invasive characteristics such as overgrowth and high spreading ability that evidently affects local mangrove ecosystem structure and function. While the species clearly offers some benefits at some locations where it cannot naturally invade, it appears harmful to other native mangrove species, posing a major practical problem to both ecologists and land managers. This situation will be similar to previously imported non-native and invasive intertidal wetland species, Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass), with similar results and problems.", "publicationTitle": "Ecological Engineering", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "August 2009", "volume": "35", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1243-1248", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/j.ecoleng.2009.05.008", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925857409001608", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:10:15Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0925-8574", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sonneratia apetala Buch.Ham in the mangrove ecosystems of China", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Biotic invasion", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "China", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mangrove forest", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sonneratia apetala", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "restoration", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "T8PSFT86", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/T8PSFT86", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/T8PSFT86", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Miller et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "T8PSFT86", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Risk assessment: Simultaneously prioritizing the control of invasive plant species and the conservation of rare plant species", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thaddeus K.", "lastName": "Miller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Craig R.", "lastName": "Allen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Wayne G.", "lastName": "Landis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James W.", "lastName": "Merchant" } ], "abstractNote": "Although the consequences of the homogenization of Earth’s flora and fauna are not well understood, experts agree that biological invasions pose hazards to rare species. As a result, there is a need for a systematic approach to assess risks from invasive species. The Relative Risk Model can be adapted to assess combinations of rare species, invasive species, and regions. It also can be applied to different taxonomic groups and at different spatial scales. This flexibility makes it a promising tool for invasive species risk assessment. We used the Relative Risk Model to quantify risks posed to endangered plant species by non-indigenous invasive plant species in Nebraska.\n\nWe modeled the suitable habitats for eight invasive plant species, which we subsequently compared to documented occurrences of endangered plant species in a Geographic Information System. We combined this data with an assessment of the ecological impacts of each invasive species in a regional risk assessment framework to simultaneously calculate relative risk scores for invasive plant species, imperiled plant species, and subregions. We assessed uncertainty with Monte Carlo simulations.\n\nThe results of this assessment are discrete values indicating the relative threat posed by invasive species to rare species, the relative risk posed to the rare species, and the relative risk in subregions. Results indicate that the invasive species Elaeagnus angustifolia and Rhamnus cathartica pose the greatest risks to endangered plants in Nebraska. The rare species Panax quinquefolius and the subregion Western Corn Belt Plains show the highest risk scores.", "publicationTitle": "Biological Conservation", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "September 2010", "volume": "143", "issue": "9", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2070-2079", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/j.biocon.2010.05.015", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0006320710002387", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:05:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0006-3207", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Risk assessment", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Endangered", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Invasive", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Non-indigenous", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Plants", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Rare", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Relative Risk Model", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "4J9W2R6I", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/4J9W2R6I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/4J9W2R6I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Allison and Vitousek", "parsedDate": "2004-08-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4J9W2R6I", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Rapid nutrient cycling in leaf litter from invasive plants in Hawai?i", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Steven D.", "lastName": "Allison" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter M.", "lastName": "Vitousek" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Oecologia", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004-8-3", "volume": "141", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "612-619", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1007/s00442-004-1679-z", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.springerlink.com/content/q30grvb4vwkljylq/", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:58:49Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0029-8549, 1432-1939", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Rapid nutrient cycling in leaf litter from invasive plants in Hawai?", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "5X7BNK4V", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/5X7BNK4V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/5X7BNK4V", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5X7BNK4V", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Patrick J. Minogue, Kimberly K. Bohn, Anna Osiecka, and Dwight K. Lauer., “Japanese Climbing Fern (Lygodium japonicum) Management in Florida’s Apalachicola Bottomland Hardwood Forests,” Invasive Plant Science and Management 2010 3:246–252", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://sfrc.ufl.edu/CFEOR/docs/Minogue%20et%20al.%202010%20Japanese%20Climbing%20Fern.pdf", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T21:36:09Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "2323EWC6", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/2323EWC6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/2323EWC6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2323EWC6", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Impacts of a native parasitic plant on an introduced and a native host species: implications for the control of an invasive weed", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/103/1/107.full", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T15:56:30Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "GPHE8TS7", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/GPHE8TS7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/GPHE8TS7", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/PP4A4XE8", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "GPHE8TS7", "version": 1, "parentItem": "PP4A4XE8", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Google Books Link", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:04:43Z", "url": "http://books.google.com/books?id=QHgMqnqaW_YC", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "ZRQIMQPS", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/ZRQIMQPS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/ZRQIMQPS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Byers et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ZRQIMQPS", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Using ecosystem engineers to restore ecological systems", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James E.", "lastName": "Byers" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kim", "lastName": "Cuddington" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Clive G.", "lastName": "Jones" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Theresa S.", "lastName": "Talley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alan", "lastName": "Hastings" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John G.", "lastName": "Lambrinos" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeffrey A.", "lastName": "Crooks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William G.", "lastName": "Wilson" } ], "abstractNote": "Ecosystem engineers affect other organisms by creating, modifying, maintaining or destroying habitats. Despite widespread recognition of these often important effects, the ecosystem engineering concept has yet to be widely used in ecological applications. Here, we present a conceptual framework that shows how consideration of ecosystem engineers can be used to assess the likelihood of restoration of a system to a desired state, the type of changes necessary for successful restoration and how restoration efforts can be most effectively partitioned between direct human intervention and natural ecosystem engineers.", "publicationTitle": "Trends in Ecology & Evolution", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "September 2006", "volume": "21", "issue": "9", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "493-500", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/j.tree.2006.06.002", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169534706001923", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:09:21Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0169-5347", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "4588AMIA", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/4588AMIA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/4588AMIA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Pimentel et al.", "parsedDate": "2005-02-15", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4588AMIA", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Update on the environmental and economic costs associated with alien-invasive species in the United States", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Pimentel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rodolfo", "lastName": "Zuniga" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Doug", "lastName": "Morrison" } ], "abstractNote": "Invading alien species in the United States cause major environmental damages and losses adding up to almost $120 billion per year. There are approximately 50,000 foreign species and the number is increasing. About 42% of the species on the Threatened or Endangered species lists are at risk primarily because of alien-invasive species.", "publicationTitle": "Ecological Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 15, 2005", "volume": "52", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "273-288", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/j.ecolecon.2004.10.002", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921800904003027", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T21:00:59Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0921-8009", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Alien-invasive species", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Environmental and economic cost", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Threatened or endangered species", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "5GHTRBJV", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/5GHTRBJV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/5GHTRBJV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hulme", "parsedDate": "2009-02-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5GHTRBJV", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Trade, transport and trouble: managing invasive species pathways in an era of globalization", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Philip E", "lastName": "Hulme" } ], "abstractNote": "1Humans have traded and transported alien species for millennia with two notable step-changes: the end of the Middle Ages and beginning of the Industrial Revolution. However, in recent decades the world has entered a new phase in the magnitude and diversity of biological invasions: the Era of Globalization. This Special Profile reviews the links between the main drivers of globalization and biological invasions and examines state-of-the-art approaches to pathway risk assessment to illustrate new opportunities for managing invasive species.2Income growth is a primary driver of globalization and a clear association exists between Gross Domestic Product and the richness of alien floras and faunas for many regions of the world. In many cases, the exposure of these economies to trade is highlighted by the significant role of merchandise imports in biological invasions, especially for island ecosystems.3Post-1950, technical and logistic improvements have accelerated the ease with which commodities are transported across the globe and hindered the traceability of goods and the ease of intercepting pests. New sea, land and air links in international trade and human transport have established novel pathways for the spread of alien species. Increasingly, the science advances underpinning invasive species management must move at the speed of commerce.4Increasing transport networks and demand for commodities have led to pathway risk assessments becoming the frontline in the prevention of biological invasions. The diverse routes of introduction arising from contaminant, stowaway, corridor and unaided pathways, in both aquatic and terrestrial biomes are complex. Nevertheless, common features enable comparable approaches to risk assessment. By bringing together spatial data on climate suitability, habitat availability and points of entry, as well a demographic models that include species dispersal (both natural and human-mediated) and measures of propagule pressure, it is possible to generate risk maps highlighting potential invasion hotspots that can inform prevention strategies.5Synthesis and applications. To date, most attempts to model pathways have focused on describing the likelihood of invader establishment. Few have modelled explicit management strategies such as optimal detection and inspection strategies and assessments of the effectiveness of different management measures. A future focus in these areas will ensure research informs response.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Applied Ecology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2009/02/01", "volume": "46", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "10-18", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T21:43:12Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1365-2664", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Trade, transport and trouble", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "alien", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "exotic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "globalisation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "model", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pest", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "propagule pressure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "weed", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "5R57X6PV", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/5R57X6PV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/5R57X6PV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jordan et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-06-21", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5R57X6PV", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Soil modification by invasive plants: effects on native and invasive species of mixed-grass prairies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nicholas R.", "lastName": "Jordan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Diane L.", "lastName": "Larson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sheri C.", "lastName": "Huerd" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Biological Invasions", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007-6-21", "volume": "10", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "177-190", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1007/s10530-007-9121-1", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.springerlink.com/content/3768446617r2484m/", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:42:33Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1387-3547, 1573-1464", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Soil modification by invasive plants", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "BXK34VHR", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/BXK34VHR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/BXK34VHR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Alexander and D'Antonio", "parsedDate": "2003-06-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BXK34VHR", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Seed Bank Dynamics of French Broom in Coastal California Grasslands: Effects of Stand Age and Prescribed Burning on Control and Restoration", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Janice M", "lastName": "Alexander" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carla M", "lastName": "D'Antonio" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract Successful control of invasive exotic plants depends to a large degree on the regeneration potential of the target exotic species and other species that might also be influenced by the removal effort. In coastal grasslands of California, exotic French broom (Genista monspessulana) forms both dense stands aboveground and abundant seed banks belowground. Land managers attempt to reduce broom cover and the seed bank through prescribed burning, but before this study, no investigators had examined the effect of repeated burning on French broom and associated grassland species. We found that the soil seed bank of stands that were burned had fewer broom seeds than unburned areas but that repeated burning did not reduce the seed bank beyond what was observed after one fire. Fire also did not have any consistent effect on the seed banks of other grassland species. We also examined the relationship between broom stand age and seed bank size but did not find a strong relationship between them. Our data suggested that the broom seed bank stays constant or declines slightly with stand age. We did, however, find that nonbroom seed numbers decreased as broom stands aged. Our results suggest that fire does reduce the size of the broom seed bank and that control of broom need not be limited to only the youngest stands.", "publicationTitle": "Restoration Ecology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2003/06/01", "volume": "11", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "185-197", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1046/j.1526-100X.2003.00169.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1046/j.1526-100X.2003.00169.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:02:47Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1526-100X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Seed Bank Dynamics of French Broom in Coastal California Grasslands", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "California coastal grassland", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "French broom", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Genista monspessulana", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "prescribed burn", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "restoration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "soil seed bank", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "B5FWW7FV", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/B5FWW7FV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/B5FWW7FV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Richardson et al.", "parsedDate": "2000-03-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "B5FWW7FV", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Naturalization and Invasion of Alien Plants: Concepts and Definitions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David M.", "lastName": "Richardson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Petr", "lastName": "Pysek" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marcel", "lastName": "Rejmanek" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael G.", "lastName": "Barbour" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F. Dane", "lastName": "Panetta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carol J.", "lastName": "West" } ], "abstractNote": "Much confusion exists in the English-language literature on plant invasions concerning the terms 'naturalized' and 'invasive' and their associated concepts. Several authors have used these terms in proposing schemes for conceptualizing the sequence of events from introduction to invasion, but often imprecisely, erroneously or in contradictory ways. This greatly complicates the formulation of robust generalizations in invasion ecology. Based on an extensive and critical survey of the literature we defined a minimum set of key terms related to a graphic scheme which conceptualizes the naturalization/invasion process. Introduction means that the plant (or its propagule) has been transported by humans across a major geographical barrier. Naturalization starts when abiotic and biotic barriers to survival are surmounted and when various barriers to regular reproduction are overcome. Invasion further requires that introduced plants produce reproductive off-spring in areas distant from sites of introduction (approximate scales: > 100 m over < 50 years for taxa spreading by seeds and other propagules; > 6 m/3 years for taxa spreading by roots, rhizomes, stolons or creeping stems). Taxa that can cope with the abiotic environment and biota in the general area may invade disturbed, seminatural communities. Invasion of successionally mature, undisturbed communities usually requires that the alien taxon overcomes a different category of barriers. We propose that the term `invasive' should be used without any inference to environmental or economic impact. Terms like 'pests' and 'weeds' are suitable labels for the 50-80% of invaders that have harmful effects. About 10% of invasive plants that change the character, condition, form, or nature of ecosystems over substantial areas may be termed 'transformers'", "publicationTitle": "Diversity and Distributions", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "March 01, 2000", "volume": "6", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "93-107", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2673320", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T20:18:06Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1366-9516", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Naturalization and Invasion of Alien Plants", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Mar., 2000 / Copyright © 2000 Blackwell Publishing", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "6NCPUG32", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/6NCPUG32", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/6NCPUG32", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Crooks", "parsedDate": "2005", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6NCPUG32", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Lag times and exotic species: The ecology and management of biological invasions in slow-motion", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeffrey A.", "lastName": "Crooks" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Ecoscience", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2005", "volume": "12", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "316-329", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.2980/i1195-6860-12-3-316.1", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.bioone.org/doi/full/10.2980/i1195-6860-12-3-316.1", "accessDate": "2011-10-03T01:20:09Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1195-6860", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Lag times and exotic species", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "PP4A4XE8", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/PP4A4XE8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/PP4A4XE8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sandlund et al.", "parsedDate": "2001-06-30", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "PP4A4XE8", "version": 1, "itemType": "book", "title": "Invasive Species and Biodiversity Management", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Odd Terje", "lastName": "Sandlund" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter Johan", "lastName": "Schei" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Åslaug", "lastName": "Viken" } ], "abstractNote": "The invasive species problem will become increasingly important in the years to come. Trade, travel and tourism are rapidly globalized, and border controls are reduced. This affects natural ecosystems in which aggressive invaders may have disastrous effects. `New' diseases affect human, animal and crop health. The Convention on Biological Diversity presents national authorities with a tall order in coping with this problem. For the first time in one volume, this book presents both ecological, biological and epidemiological aspects of invasive species, as well as the problem of disease organisms for agriculture and human health. The book constitutes a comprehensive background to the global strategy for managing invasive alien species which now is being developed by SCOPE and UNEP. The book is well suited for management staff in various environmental, economic and social sectors. It is essential for university and college teachers, researchers in ecology, natural resources management, and social sciences, as well as M.Sc. and Ph.D. students.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2001-06-30", "publisher": "Springer", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "452", "ISBN": "9780792368762", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Google Books", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Biodiversity conservation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Biological invasions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Gardening / Regional / General", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Nature / Environmental Conservation & Protection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Nonindigenous pests", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Science / Biotechnology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Science / Life Sciences / Ecology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Technology & Engineering / Agriculture / General", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Technology & Engineering / Pest Control", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:33Z" } }, { "key": "TXKP7EFU", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/TXKP7EFU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/TXKP7EFU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brooks et al.", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TXKP7EFU", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effects of Invasive Alien Plants on Fire Regimes", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthew L.", "lastName": "Brooks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carla M.", "lastName": "D'Antonio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David M.", "lastName": "Richardson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James B.", "lastName": "Grace" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jon E.", "lastName": "Keeley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joseph M.", "lastName": "DiTOMASO" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard J.", "lastName": "Hobbs" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mike", "lastName": "Pellant" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Pyke" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "BioScience", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004", "volume": "54", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "677", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054[0677:EOIAPO]2.0.CO;2", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.1641/0006-3568(2004)054%5B0677%3AEOIAPO%5D2.0.CO;2", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:37:21Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0006-3568", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:16Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:16Z" } }, { "key": "TTS8NI93", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/TTS8NI93", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/TTS8NI93", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ewel and Putz", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TTS8NI93", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A place for alien species in ecosystem restoration", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John J.", "lastName": "Ewel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Francis E.", "lastName": "Putz" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2004", "volume": "2", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "354-360", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002[0354:APFASI]2.0.CO;2", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/1540-9295(2004)002%5B0354:APFASI%5D2.0.CO%3B2", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T22:20:12Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1540-9295", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-04T04:00:10Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-04T04:00:10Z" } }, { "key": "NPZK42XM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/NPZK42XM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/NPZK42XM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hulme", "parsedDate": "2009-02-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NPZK42XM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Trade, transport and trouble: managing invasive species pathways in an era of globalization", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Philip E", "lastName": "Hulme" } ], "abstractNote": "1Humans have traded and transported alien species for millennia with two notable step-changes: the end of the Middle Ages and beginning of the Industrial Revolution. However, in recent decades the world has entered a new phase in the magnitude and diversity of biological invasions: the Era of Globalization. This Special Profile reviews the links between the main drivers of globalization and biological invasions and examines state-of-the-art approaches to pathway risk assessment to illustrate new opportunities for managing invasive species.2Income growth is a primary driver of globalization and a clear association exists between Gross Domestic Product and the richness of alien floras and faunas for many regions of the world. In many cases, the exposure of these economies to trade is highlighted by the significant role of merchandise imports in biological invasions, especially for island ecosystems.3Post-1950, technical and logistic improvements have accelerated the ease with which commodities are transported across the globe and hindered the traceability of goods and the ease of intercepting pests. New sea, land and air links in international trade and human transport have established novel pathways for the spread of alien species. Increasingly, the science advances underpinning invasive species management must move at the speed of commerce.4Increasing transport networks and demand for commodities have led to pathway risk assessments becoming the frontline in the prevention of biological invasions. The diverse routes of introduction arising from contaminant, stowaway, corridor and unaided pathways, in both aquatic and terrestrial biomes are complex. Nevertheless, common features enable comparable approaches to risk assessment. By bringing together spatial data on climate suitability, habitat availability and points of entry, as well a demographic models that include species dispersal (both natural and human-mediated) and measures of propagule pressure, it is possible to generate risk maps highlighting potential invasion hotspots that can inform prevention strategies.5Synthesis and applications. To date, most attempts to model pathways have focused on describing the likelihood of invader establishment. Few have modelled explicit management strategies such as optimal detection and inspection strategies and assessments of the effectiveness of different management measures. A future focus in these areas will ensure research informs response.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Applied Ecology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2009/02/01", "volume": "46", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "10-18", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2664.2008.01600.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T21:43:12Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1365-2664", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Trade, transport and trouble", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "alien", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "exotic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "globalisation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "model", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pest", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "propagule pressure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "weed", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-02T21:44:12Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-02T21:44:12Z" } }, { "key": "QUI4TCQD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/QUI4TCQD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/QUI4TCQD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QUI4TCQD", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Exotic invasive plant accumulates native soil pathogens which inhibit native plants - Mangla - 2007 - Journal of Ecology - Wiley Online Library", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2745.2007.01312.x/full", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T20:30:24Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-02T20:30:33Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-02T20:30:33Z" } }, { "key": "8ZK6TMRE", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/8ZK6TMRE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/8ZK6TMRE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Richardson et al.", "parsedDate": "2000-03-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8ZK6TMRE", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Naturalization and Invasion of Alien Plants: Concepts and Definitions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David M.", "lastName": "Richardson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Petr", "lastName": "Pysek" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marcel", "lastName": "Rejmanek" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael G.", "lastName": "Barbour" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F. Dane", "lastName": "Panetta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carol J.", "lastName": "West" } ], "abstractNote": "Much confusion exists in the English-language literature on plant invasions concerning the terms 'naturalized' and 'invasive' and their associated concepts. Several authors have used these terms in proposing schemes for conceptualizing the sequence of events from introduction to invasion, but often imprecisely, erroneously or in contradictory ways. This greatly complicates the formulation of robust generalizations in invasion ecology. Based on an extensive and critical survey of the literature we defined a minimum set of key terms related to a graphic scheme which conceptualizes the naturalization/invasion process. Introduction means that the plant (or its propagule) has been transported by humans across a major geographical barrier. Naturalization starts when abiotic and biotic barriers to survival are surmounted and when various barriers to regular reproduction are overcome. Invasion further requires that introduced plants produce reproductive off-spring in areas distant from sites of introduction (approximate scales: > 100 m over < 50 years for taxa spreading by seeds and other propagules; > 6 m/3 years for taxa spreading by roots, rhizomes, stolons or creeping stems). Taxa that can cope with the abiotic environment and biota in the general area may invade disturbed, seminatural communities. Invasion of successionally mature, undisturbed communities usually requires that the alien taxon overcomes a different category of barriers. We propose that the term `invasive' should be used without any inference to environmental or economic impact. Terms like 'pests' and 'weeds' are suitable labels for the 50-80% of invaders that have harmful effects. About 10% of invasive plants that change the character, condition, form, or nature of ecosystems over substantial areas may be termed 'transformers'", "publicationTitle": "Diversity and Distributions", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "March 01, 2000", "volume": "6", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "93-107", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/2673320", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T20:18:06Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1366-9516", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Naturalization and Invasion of Alien Plants", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: research-article / Full publication date: Mar., 2000 / Copyright © 2000 Blackwell Publishing", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-02T20:20:48Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-02T20:20:48Z" } }, { "key": "PHVK97XW", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/PHVK97XW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/PHVK97XW", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/AT2PAIGZ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "PHVK97XW", "version": 1, "parentItem": "AT2PAIGZ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Zotero Report", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T15:59:49Z", "url": "zotero://report/items/0_FB7N8EEQ/html/report.html", "note": "", "contentType": "application/xhtml+xml", "charset": "utf-8", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-02T16:00:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-02T16:00:07Z" } }, { "key": "AT2PAIGZ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/AT2PAIGZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/AT2PAIGZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AT2PAIGZ", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "ESA Online Journals - Control effort exacerbates invasive-species problem", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.esajournals.org/doi/abs/10.1890/07-1482.1", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T15:58:43Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-02T16:00:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-02T16:00:07Z" } }, { "key": "HE2MR3H7", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55980, "name": "Invasive species", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55980/items/HE2MR3H7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/invasive_species/items/HE2MR3H7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 756177, "username": "ekelemen", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/ekelemen", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HE2MR3H7", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Impacts of a native parasitic plant on an introduced and a native host species: implications for the control of an invasive weed", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aob.oxfordjournals.org/content/103/1/107.full", "accessDate": "2011-10-02T15:56:30Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-10-02T15:56:45Z", "dateModified": "2011-10-02T15:56:45Z" } } ]