[ { "key": "ZUJGZ9IS", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/ZUJGZ9IS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/ZUJGZ9IS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Shafia et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-07-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ZUJGZ9IS", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Innovation Process is Facilitated in Virtual Environment of R&D Teams", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mohammad Ali", "lastName": "Shafia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Innovation is becoming the most important key issue for company's success in the 21st century. In the competitive environment it is necessary for the enterprises to put together different capabilities and services with the goal. It is widely accepted that innovation can be better achieved by working in team particularly in the virtual environments. The employed web services technology, although very popular nowadays but it is still not mature enough, so dealing with it can bring new findings. Virtual teams base on information technology are formed to facilitate transnational innovation processes and it should be noted that innovation has a positive impact on corporate performance if it is well guided. This has the pronounced effect when it comes to the learning issues as the virtual preconditions persist. In this environment the possibility of getting closer to the interest of learner from the new environment raise as the barriers being imposed by the service provider is reduced and the freedom of what is require to learn is improved. Information and communication technology has brought about significant changes in organizations and produced important benefits, including in the areas of innovation which is recognized as a prime source of national competitive advantage.\nThis contribution proposes a conceptual model for understanding and analyzing the process of virtual R&D team as an innovation and technology assimilation facilitator when it comes to the issue of conveying innovative message for learning by individuals. The context of the knowledge-based economy introduces a major shift from serial to simultaneous R&D in the way of idea conception to technology creation is conceived. This paper briefly reviews the existing perspectives on virtual teams and their effect on innovation and technology regarding the learning capability which is being altered. It also discusses the main characteristics of virtual teams and clarifies the different aspects of virtual team application in the topic. To support the theoretical analysis, this paper provides a comprehensive review based on authentic and reputed publications. We argue that scanty research has been conducted to facilitate understanding the problem of systematically governing creative innovation toward a technology through virtual R&D teams in the atmosphere of educating individuals based on what they interest them to learn.", "proceedingsTitle": "International Conference on Education and New Learning Technologies (EDULEARN09)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Barcelona, Spain", "date": "2009 6th-8th July", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "2157-2166", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-84-612-9802-0", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/INNOVATION%20PROCESS%20IS%20FACILITATED%20IN%20VIRTUAL.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00004", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual team; e-learning; Innovation; Research and development, Learning" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:06Z" } }, { "key": "ZGWN49X2", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/ZGWN49X2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/ZGWN49X2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-06-24", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ZGWN49X2", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual Teams for NPD – an Innovative Experience for R&D Engineers", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "New interaction tools such as internet allows companies to gain valuable input from research and development (R&D) engineers via virtual teams. Consequently engineers also get more expertise in diminutive timeframes. Virtual R&D teams present the key impetus to the technology acquisition process. The present knowledge-economy era is characterized by short product life-cycles. Virtual R&D teams may reduce time-to-market, make available a large pool of new product know-how and provide greater flexibilities which are the key success factors in a competitive market. This comprehensive review contains almost 100 references and covers the recent literature with emphasis on topic. The review has focused on authentic and reputed publications and extracts the results. This article presents the type of virtual teams and their main features and explains how virtual R&D team can play a prominent role in developing new products. The article is evolved future study guideline and also illustrates how to apply virtual interaction tools and integrate engineers into the innovation process. Management of virtual R&D teams in new product development (NPD) processes in an innovative, effective and efficient is of a high importance, but the issue has been poorly addressed in the previous studies. Findings show that virtual R&D team provides valuable input for new product development and R&D engineers are able to attain virtual experience.", "proceedingsTitle": "International Conference on Advances in Mechanical Engineering", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "University Publication Centre (UPENA), UiTM 2009", "place": "Concorde Hotel, Shah Alam, Malaysia", "date": "2009 24-25, June", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1036-1045", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "9789673052653", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtual%20Teams%20for%20NPD%20%E2%80%93%20an%20Innovative%20Experience.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual R&D Teams, New Product Development, Virtual Experience, R&D Engineers" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:05Z" } }, { "key": "Z44GUB5G", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/Z44GUB5G", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/Z44GUB5G", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-02-26", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "Z44GUB5G", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual Collaborative R&D Teams in Malaysia Manufacturing SMEs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salwa Hanim", "lastName": "Abdul Rashid" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A", "lastName": "Wazed" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Steve", "lastName": "Thatcher" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Venkatesh" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper presents the results of empirical research conducted during March to September 2009. The study focused on the influence of virtual research and development (R&D) teams within Malaysian manufacturing small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs). The specific objective of the study is better understanding of the application of collaborative technologies in business, to find the effective factors to assist SMEs to remain competitive in the future. The paper stresses to find an answer for a question “Is there any relationship between company size, Internet connection facility and virtuality?”. The survey data shows SMEs are now technologically capable of performing the virtual collaborative team, but the infrastructure usage is less. SMEs now have the necessary technology to begin the implementation process of collaboration tools to reduce research and development (R&D) time, costs and increase productivity. So, the manager of R&D should take the potentials of virtual teams into account.", "proceedingsTitle": "2nd International Conference on Mechanical, Industrial, and Manufacturing Technologies (MIMT 2011)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc.", "place": "Hotel Royal, Singapore", "date": "2011 February 26-28", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "2", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "V2-114 - V2-117", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-1-4244-9264-0", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.iacsit.org/mimt/", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00002", "tags": [ { "tag": "Small and medium enterprises, Collaborative tools, Questionnaires, Virtual teams." } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:04Z" } }, { "key": "Z3XTFW6C", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/Z3XTFW6C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/Z3XTFW6C", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "Z3XTFW6C", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "SMEs and Virtual R&D Teams: A Motive Channel for Relationship between SMEs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N. A", "lastName": "Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Z.", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper explores potential advantages and barriers of virtual teams toward making an interrelation between small and medium-sized firms (SMEs) with a comprehensive review on different aspects of virtual teams in SMEs based on authentic and reputed publications. The purpose of the state-of-the-art literature review is to provide an overview of what is known about the structure and dynamics of virtual collaboration in SMEs which they are the back bone of the world business. This study seeks to address some of the advantages of virtual R&D team in the existing extensive literature on the increase SMEs interrelations. Besides of identify benefits of virtual R&D team in SMEs, propose the way of further studies and recommend improvements. We argue that the routines used to promote interrelation between SMEs, based on virtual collaboration can sometimes create problems for firms as they ignore new challenges. We elaborate various theories on the virtual R&D team by reviewing the precedent papers.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2009", "publisher": "Ieee", "place": "New York", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "978-1-4244-5223-1", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "://000289813800014", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00003", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual R&D Teams, New Product Development, Virtual Experience, R&D Engineers" }, { "tag": "Virtual R&D team, NPD, Technology management" }, { "tag": "businesses" }, { "tag": "communication" }, { "tag": "information-systems" }, { "tag": "innovation" }, { "tag": "large firms" }, { "tag": "management-practices" }, { "tag": "manufacturing smes" }, { "tag": "medium-sized enterprises" }, { "tag": "product development teams" }, { "tag": "small" }, { "tag": "technology" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:03Z" } }, { "key": "X8PAVU6M", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/X8PAVU6M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/X8PAVU6M", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-12-14", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "X8PAVU6M", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "SMEs and Virtual R&D Teams: A Motive Channel for Relationship between SMEs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Fatimah", "lastName": "Ibrahim" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Cheen-Onn", "lastName": "Chow" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Saad", "lastName": "Mekhilef" } ], "abstractNote": "In today’s dynamic marketplace, manufacturing companies are under strong pressure to introduce new products for long-term survival with their competitors. Nevertheless, every company cannot cope up progressively or immediately with the market requirements due to knowledge dynamics being experienced in the competitive milieu. Increased competition and reduced product life cycles put force upon companies to develop new products faster. In response to these pressing needs, there should be some new approach compatible in flexible circumstances. This paper presents a solution based on the popular Stage-Gate system, which is closely linked with virtual team approach. Virtual teams can\nprovide a platform to advance the knowledge-base in a company and thus to reduce time-to-market. This article introduces conceptual product development architecture under a virtual team umbrella. The paper describes all the major aspects of new product development (NPD), NPD process and its relationship with virtual teams, Stage-Gate system finally presents a modified Stage-Gate system to cope up with the changing needs. It also provides the guidelines for the successful implementation of virtual teams in new product development.", "proceedingsTitle": "The International Conference for Technical Postgraduates (TECHPOS 2009)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "The Legend Hotel, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia", "date": "2009 14-15 December", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-7", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-1-4244-5224-8", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/SMEs%20and%20Virtual%20R&D%20Teams%20A%20Motive%20Channel.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00003", "tags": [ { "tag": "Modified stage-gate system, virtual product development, conceptual model" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:02Z" } }, { "key": "VFZWK3WB", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/VFZWK3WB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/VFZWK3WB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-02-23", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "VFZWK3WB", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Benefits and Pitfalls of Virtual R&D Teams: An Empirical Study", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "In this paper, advantages and drawbacks of virtual teams in research and development (R&D) are studied. With the globalization of commercial practices and advances in information and communication technologies, increasing numbers of enterprises are establishing cross-functional, geographically distributed virtual teams. Virtual teams in R&D are designed to access external resources and knowledge to maximize the competitive advantage from limited labor and resources. A survey has been conducted on 210 Malaysian and Iranian manufacturing companies, aimed to investigate the characteristics of R&D collaborations and extract the main advantages/disadvantages’ factors of virtual teams. These factors can be a guide line for R&D manager to achieve better performance of virtual teams.", "proceedingsTitle": "6th International Communication & Information Technology Management Conference (ICTM 2010)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Tehran, Iran", "date": "2010 February. 23-24", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-5", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Benefits%20and%20Pitfalls%20of%20Virtual.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00002", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual teams, Research and Developments, Survey finding" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:01Z" } }, { "key": "U37FG7UA", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/U37FG7UA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/U37FG7UA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-05-18", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "U37FG7UA", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual Teams and Management Challenges", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "As a result of globalization and advances in information and communication technologies, the increased use of virtual teams in business has become prominent. In the competitive environment companies are obliged to produce more rapidly, more effectively and more efficiently. It is necessary for them to put together different capabilities and services with the goal, through cooperation between suppliers and customers, service providers and scientific institutions to achieve firm’s objective with high quality. Nowadays shift from serial to simultaneous and parallel working in entity has become more commonplace. Literatures have shown that collaboration is as a meta-capability for companies. This article after define a virtual teams and its characteristics, addressing virtual environments and relationship with different challenges which organization should deal them such as management and employee challenges. Finally conclude that managers of company should invest less in tangible assets, but more in virtual team to generate knowledge, and in their employees’ creativity to stimulate incremental innovations in already existing technologies that will directly generate their future competitive advantage. Companies must educate everyone, not just virtual employees, on the virtual team culture but both employees and managers need to understand the dealing aspects with virtual team.", "proceedingsTitle": "1st Executive MBA Conference", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Tehran, Iran", "date": "2009 18-19, May", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1739047", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00002", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual Team, Management Challenge, Collaboration, ICT application" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:40:00Z" } }, { "key": "TIFMDIWR", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/TIFMDIWR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/TIFMDIWR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-10-28", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TIFMDIWR", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Concurrent Collaboration in Research and Development", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Integration is the essence of current research and development (R&D) activity in many organizations. Integration can be established in various ways depending on the type, size and intricacy in organizational functions and products. Nevertheless, research and development (R&D) has become an inevitable function in most manufacturing companies in order to develop their own product niches for their survival in the prevailing highly completive market environment. Research and development functions are fundamental drivers of value creation in technologybased enterprises. Of creating and maintaining a vibrant R&D environment, organizations individually or collectively need to incorporate virtual R&D team. A virtual R&D team can introduce new product in less lead time than by conventional R&D working. Therefore, how to increase the possibility of having more successful R&D is a critical issue for enterprises. This paper examines the current approach of collaboration in R&D issues from the perspective of their impact on virtual R&D team in enterprises and compares the findings with the other concepts of concurrent collaboration. By reviewing literature and theories, the paper firstly presents the definition and characteristics of virtual R&D teams. A comparison of different types of virtual R&D teams along with the strengths and limitations of the preceding studies in this area are also presented. It is observed that most of the research activities encourage and support virtual R&D teams applicable to enterprises. Distinctive benefits of establishing virtual R&D team have been enumerated and demand future attention has been indicated in the paper.", "proceedingsTitle": "National Conference on Design and Concurrent Engineering (DECON) 2008", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Melaka, Malaysia", "date": "2008 28 to 29 October", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-4", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Concurrent%20Collaboration%20in%20Research%20and%20Development.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00002", "tags": [ { "tag": "Research and Development; Virtual team; Concurrent Collaboration;" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:59Z" } }, { "key": "T2UXM8MI", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/T2UXM8MI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/T2UXM8MI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-10-29", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "T2UXM8MI", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual R&D Teams for NPD in SMEs: Past, Present and Future Trend", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper provides a comprehensive review on different aspects of virtual teams based on authentic and reputed publications. The purpose of the state-of-the-art literature review is to provide an overview of what is known about the structure and dynamics of R&D collaboration in SMEs. SMEs are the backbone of the world business.\nThe focus of the investigation is on virtual R&D teams in SMEs. After providing a definition and importance of\nvirtual teams, research and development (R&D), small and medium enterprises (SME) and new product development (NPD), the relationship between them will be examined. This paper seeks to address some of the gaps in the existing extensive literature on virtual teams as a general and virtual R&D teams in new product development in SMEs, as a concentrate topic. Covering previous literatures, the research gaps derive and propose the way of further studies and recommend are provided. Along extending future research some managerial implication will be discussed. It is argued that the preparation for virtual R&D team working should be given consideration in the management of R&D new product development projects.", "proceedingsTitle": "APCMOTTE2008 (Asia pacific Conference on Management of Technology and Technology Entrepreneurship)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Melaka ,Malaysia", "date": "2008 29-30, October", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-10", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-983-42745-1-1", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtual%20R&D%20Teams%20for%20NPD%20in%20SMEs-APCMOTTE%202008.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "R&D, Virtual Team, Small and Medium Enterprises, Literature Review" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:58Z" } }, { "key": "SZG3TJMZ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/SZG3TJMZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/SZG3TJMZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-12-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "SZG3TJMZ", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual R&D Teams: A potential growth of education-industry collaboration", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salwa Hanim", "lastName": "Abdul Rashid" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "In this paper, we present our more than two years research experiences on virtual R&D teams in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) and draws conclusions, giving special attention to the structure of virtual teams required to support education-industry collaboration. We report the relevant results of an online survey study. The online questionnaire was emailed by using a simple random sampling method to 947 manufacturing SMEs. The findings of this study show that SMEs in Malaysia and Iran are willing to use virtual teams for collaboration and the platform for industry-education collaboration is ready and distance between team members or differences in time zones, are not barriers to industry-education collaborations.", "proceedingsTitle": "2010 2nd International Congress on Engineering Education (ICEED 2010)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Sunway Resort Hotel & Spa, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia", "date": "2010 8th - 9th December", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "7-9", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-1-4244-7310-6", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://mpra.ub.uni-muenchen.de/27414/", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00005", "tags": [ { "tag": "Collaboration, virtual teams, SMEs, Education" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:57Z" } }, { "key": "SRAWKB27", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/SRAWKB27", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/SRAWKB27", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-01-27", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "SRAWKB27", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "SMEs: ERP or Virtual Collaboration Teams", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Small firms are indeed the engines of global economic growth. Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) play an important role to promote economic development. SMEs in the beginning of implementing new technologies always face capital shortage and need technological assistance. Available ERP systems do not fulfill the specific requirements of Small firms. SMEs has scarce resources and manpower therefore many SMEs don’t have the possessions to buy and operate an ERP System. On the other hand competition and competitiveness of SMEs have to be strengthened. This paper briefly reviews the existing perspectives on virtual teams and their effect on SMEs management. It also discusses the main characteristics of virtual teams and clarifies the differences aspects of virtual team application in SMEs. After outlining some of the main advantages and pitfall of such teams, it concentrates on comparing of ERP and virtual collaborative teams in SMEs. Finally, it provides evidence for the need of “Software as a Service (SaaS)” where an application is hosted as a service provided to customers across the web for SMEs as an alternative of ERP. It has been widely argued that ERP disadvantage in SMEs such as administrative expenditure and cost, isolated structure, severe lack of software flexibility, insufficient support of SMEs business and high operating cost, lead SMEs to use virtual collaborative team which is net work base solution.", "proceedingsTitle": "First Enterprise Resource Planning conference", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Tehran, Iran", "date": "2009 January 27-28", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-12", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "ISSN 1735-5540", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/SMEs;%20Virtual%20Collaboration%20Teams%20or%20ERP.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual teams, Small and medium enterprises, ERP, Collaboration" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:56Z" } }, { "key": "SQWPQEMV", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/SQWPQEMV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/SQWPQEMV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "SQWPQEMV", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual Teams: A New Opportunity to Develop a Business", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salwa Hanim", "lastName": "Abdul Rashid" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Virtual teams give many advantages to organizations, including increased knowledge sharing and improve organizational performance. Virtual teams have altered the expectations and boundaries of knowledge worker’s interactions and make a new opportunity to develop the business. In this paper, we present summary results of an online survey. The online questionnaire was emailed by using a simple random sampling method to 356 Malaysian manufacturing small and medium –sized Enterprises (SMEs). The findings of this study show that SMEs in Malaysia are gaining to use virtual teams, and it can be concluded that virtual teams provide a new platform for developing the business in SMEs. Based on the study, we suggest avenues for future research that are important to advancing our understanding of virtual team effects on business growth.", "proceedingsTitle": "International Conference on Entrepreneurship Across Boundaries", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Section For Co-curricular Courses, External Faculty Electives and TITAS, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia", "date": "2010", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-5", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/A%20New%20Opportunity%20to%20Develop%20a%20Business-ICoEAB%202010.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Collaboration, virtual teams, SMEs, Entrepreneurship, Business development, Survey" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:55Z" } }, { "key": "PD3ZZGNP", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/PD3ZZGNP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/PD3ZZGNP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-12-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PD3ZZGNP", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Dealing with Virtual R&D Teams in New Product Development", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "National and global collaboration in research and development (R&D) is becoming increasingly important in creating the knowledge that makes research and business more competitive. Multinational enterprises have increased their research and development (R&D) investment in different countries. These multiple sites encourage the development of more ideas, due to the varied international backgrounds in global networks and the knowledge spillovers. In order to secure the viability of business processes, services and products R&D teams need to access and retrieve information from as many sources as possible. From the other perspective virtual teams are important mechanisms for organizations seeking to control scarce resources across geographic and other boundaries. Moreover, virtual collaboration has become vital for most organizations. This is particularly true in the context of designing new product and innovative services. In this paper all the major aspects of Virtual R&D team\nare discussed in technical terms. The paper provides an integral definition and characterization of irtual R&D team. The potential value that is created by virtual R&D teams for new product development is explored. Lastly, pertinent practical guidelines and implications are presented.", "proceedingsTitle": "The 9th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering & Management Systems Conference and the 11th Asia Pacific Regional Meeting of the International Foundation for Production Research", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "Department of Industrial Engineering Institut Teknologi Bandung", "place": "Nusa Dua, Bali - Indonesia", "date": "2008 3 - 5 December", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "795-806", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-979-18925-0-6", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Dealing%20with%20Virtual%20R&D%20Teams.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00003", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual R&D team, NPD, Technology management" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:54Z" } }, { "key": "N3SPS4HW", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/N3SPS4HW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/N3SPS4HW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "N3SPS4HW", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "New Product Development in Virtual Environment", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N. A", "lastName": "Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Z.", "lastName": "Taha" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "LiHua" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Egbu" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Z. X", "lastName": "Zhao" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "L.", "lastName": "Lu" } ], "abstractNote": "Purpose - The literature on the topic has evolved exponentially since eight years ago. Relaying on a review of studies published in recent years, this article proposes and discusses a framework which incorporates a set of virtual teams involved in a new product development initiative. Design/methodology/approach A range of academic and practitioner literature related to virtual teams and virtual new product development is reviewed. What is Virtual New Product Development and what determines its development in manufacturing firms? These two questions are answered. Findings - The decision to use a virtual team is often a necessity and not a choice; being 'virtual' is in most cases not an alternative but a requirement Enterprise may benefit from building and maintain the virtual teams in a number of ways such as achieving higher quality, accessing and capturing dispersed knowledge and skills regarding the multifunctional and multi-use components and modules, electronically unite experts in highly specialized fields, collaborating more productivity at a distance, achieving tight schedules and start quickly, reducing travel time and cost, enabling the recruitment of talented employees, builds diverse teams, promoting proactive employment and finally reducing discrimination in enterprises. Originality/value - The results of an academic literature review were employed to the literature so far has not paid adequate attention to the virtual team activities in NPD. The results highlight several avenues which would help managers and policy makers to better foster cyber new product development and designers to better channel of their efforts in the design and manufacturing domain.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2008", "publisher": "Camot", "place": "Sunderland", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "978-1-905732-49-4", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "://000281451500016", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00000", "tags": [ { "tag": "Concurrent Collaboration" }, { "tag": "New product Development" }, { "tag": "Review paper" }, { "tag": "Virtual teams" }, { "tag": "communication" }, { "tag": "development teams" }, { "tag": "innovation" }, { "tag": "integration" }, { "tag": "knowledge" }, { "tag": "network" }, { "tag": "performance" }, { "tag": "perspective" }, { "tag": "technology" }, { "tag": "working" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:53Z" } }, { "key": "M5V9VHTT", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/M5V9VHTT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/M5V9VHTT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-06-29", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "M5V9VHTT", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "R&D Networking and value Creation in SMEs R&D Networking and value Creation in SMEs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Research and development (R&D) activities are fundamental drivers of value creation\nin today’s technology-based Small and Medium enterprises (SMEs). Seemingly, a successful\nR&D is a task of innovation processes and development of R&D networks with allied companies.\nThere is a perceived lack of understanding regarding the importance of SMEs and their need to\ncontinuously enhancing their technological capabilities for the purpose of establishing them in\ndominant market positions. This article presents R&D network issues from the perspective of\ntheir impact on value creation in SMEs. The fundamental trend to enable SMEs towards creation\nof new knowledge and diffuse in and transfer that to other SME's could be achieved by\ndeveloping of collaborative environments and networks to increase their innovation capabilities\nas a single unit as well as the capabilities of the network as a whole through collective learning.\nSMEs seem to be the appropriate units to behave like network nodes because of their lean\nstructure, adaptability to market evolution, active involvement of versatile human resources,\nability to establish sub-contracting relations and good technological level for their products.\nSMEs not only shape the larger outcome, but also constrain actions of the state and MNCs in\ndemand-responsive, buyer-driven networks. The objective of this article is the notice to creation\nof a network of SMEs that are geographically dispersed but virtually linked so that the\nparticipating members focus on their specialized tasks yet also share their knowledge and\nexperience on resources to create an agile structured and flexible enterprise.", "proceedingsTitle": "Seventh conference of Industries and Mines R&D Centers- R&D and Network Value Creation", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "IRIB Int'l. Conference Center, Tehran, Iran", "date": "2008 29-30 June", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-6", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Nader-%20R&D%20Network%20and%20value%20Creation%20in%20SMEs.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "R&D, SMEs, Network, Value creation" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:52Z" } }, { "key": "KX2F5IXA", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/KX2F5IXA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/KX2F5IXA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-12-23", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KX2F5IXA", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual Environments Innovation and R&D Activities: Management Challenges", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Companies will not survive long unless they join a threefold revolution in management itself, innovation, and information technology. Innovation plays a central role in economic development, at regional and national level. In the competitive environment companies are obliged to produce more rapidly, more effectively and more efficiently in new product development which is a result of research and development (R&D) activities. It is necessary for them to put together different capabilities and services with the goal, through cooperation between suppliers and customers, service providers and scientific institutions to achieve innovations of high quality. Depending on the type of industry, the type of business, the type of innovation and the strategic objectives that have been set, firms will regularly have to modify the way in which their R&D and innovation is organized and how information technology should managed. Nowadays shift from serial to simultaneous and parallel working in innovation has become more commonplace. Literatures have shown that collaboration is as a meta-capability for innovation. This article after define a virtual teams and its characteristics, addressing virtual environments innovation and the relationship to R&D activities. Finally conclude that managers of company should invest less in tangible assets, but more in R&D and virtual team to generate knowledge, and in their employees’ creativity to stimulate incremental innovations in already existing technologies that will directly generate their future competitive advantage", "proceedingsTitle": "Proceedings of the International Graduate on Engineering and Science (IGCES'08)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor Bahru, Malaysia", "date": "2008 23 - 24 December", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "116-124", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "1923-3287", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtual%20Environments%20Innovation%20and.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00004", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:51Z" } }, { "key": "KKV55DBM", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/KKV55DBM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/KKV55DBM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-05-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KKV55DBM", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual R&D Teams: Innovation and Technology Facilitator", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Innovation is becoming the most important key issue for company’s success in the 21st century. In the competitive environment is necessary for the enterprises to put together different capabilities and services with the goal. It’s a widely accepted that innovation is better achieved by working in team. The employed web services technology, although very popular nowadays but it is still not mature enough, so dealing with it can bring new findings. Virtual teams base on information technology are formed to facilitate transnational innovation processes and it should be noted that innovation has a positive impact on corporate performance. Information and communication technology has brought about significant changes in organizations and produced important benefits, including in the areas of innovation which is recognized as a prime source of national competitive advantage. This contribution proposes a conceptual model for understanding and analyzing the process of virtual R&D team as an innovation and technology assimilation facilitator. The context of the knowledge-based economy introduces a major shift from serial to simultaneous R&D in the way of idea conception to technology creation is conceived. This paper briefly reviews the existing perspectives on virtual teams and their effect on innovation and technology. It also discusses the main characteristics of virtual teams and clarifies the differences aspects of virtual team application in the topic. To support the theoretical analysis, this paper provides a comprehensive review based on authentic and reputed publications. We argue that scanty research has been conducted to facilitate understanding the problem of systematically governing creative innovation toward a technology through virtual R&D teams.", "proceedingsTitle": "Engineering Education in 2025", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "University of Tehran", "place": "School of Engineering and Technology, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran", "date": "2009 11-12 May", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-14", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtual%20R&D%20Teams%20Innovation%20and%20Technology.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00004", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual R&D team; Innovation, Idea creation, Technology, Conceptual model" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:50Z" } }, { "key": "IRT43UME", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/IRT43UME", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/IRT43UME", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-10-21", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IRT43UME", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "New Product Development in Virtual Environment", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Ricard", "lastName": "Li-Hua" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Charles", "lastName": "Egbu" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Zhongxiu", "lastName": "Zhao" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Lucy", "lastName": "Lu" }, { "creatorType": "translator", "firstName": "Nottingham Trent", "lastName": "University" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Cambridge Judge Business", "lastName": "School" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "University of", "lastName": "Salford" } ], "abstractNote": "Purpose - The literature on the topic has evolved exponentially since eight years ago. Relaying on a review of studies published in recent years, this article proposes and discusses a framework which incorporates a set of virtual teams involved in a new product development initiative.\nDesign/methodology/approach – A range of academic and practitioner literature related to virtual teams and virtual new product development is reviewed. What is Virtual New Product Development and what determines its development in manufacturing firms? These two questions are answered.\nFindings - The decision to use a virtual team is often a necessity and not a choice; being ‘virtual’ is in most cases not an alternative but a requirement. Enterprise may benefit from building and maintain the virtual teams in a number of ways such as achieving higher quality, accessing and capturing dispersed knowledge and skills regarding the multifunctional and multi-use components and modules, electronically\nunite experts in highly specialized fields, collaborating more productivity at a distance, achieving tight schedules and start quickly, reducing travel time and cost, enabling the recruitment of talented employees, builds diverse teams, promoting proactive employment and finally reducing discrimination in enterprises.\nOriginality/value - The results of an academic literature review were employed to the literature so far has not paid adequate attention to the virtual team activities in NPD. The results highlight several avenues which would help managers and policy makers to better foster cyber new product development and designers to better channel of their efforts in the design and manufacturing domain.", "proceedingsTitle": "2008 International Conference on Technology Management and Innovation in China: Challenges and Opportunities in the 21st Century", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "CAMOT and MOTSC, UIBE", "place": "UIBE, Beijing, China", "date": "2008 21st – 23rd October", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "1", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "203-218", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-1-905732-49-4", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/New%20product%20Development-CAMOT2008.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00000", "tags": [ { "tag": "New product Development; Virtual teams; Concurrent Collaboration; Review paper" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:49Z" } }, { "key": "I4CMXHRD", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/I4CMXHRD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/I4CMXHRD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-04-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "I4CMXHRD", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual R&D team: Technology Transfer Facilitator", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mohammad Ali", "lastName": "Shafia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hamid", "lastName": "Tahbaz Tavakoli" } ], "abstractNote": "A conceptual model is proposed which facilitate the process of technology transfer by applying a virtual R&D team. The underlying hypothesis is responded to competitive challenges, the complex customer requirements and the high instability on the market. The context of the knowledge-based economy introduces a major shift from serial to simultaneous R&D activities in the way technology transfer is conceived. The traditional model of R&D team work is relies on the visual and face-to-face teams. The complexities involved in organizing face-to-face interactions among team members from one side, and the rapid developments of electronic communication technologies from the other ,caused firms to turn towards employing virtual R&D teams. The paper postulates that in the new perspective, virtual R&D team to be considered as a specific technology transfer means. It depends on the ways firms and other institutions are managing them, in particular the co-evolution of their absorptive capabilities and their technology conveying strategies. To support the theoretical analysis, this paper provides a comprehensive review based on authentic and reputed publications.", "proceedingsTitle": "IAMOT 2009 -The 18th International Conference on Management of Technology", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Orlando, Florida, USA", "date": "2009 April 5-9", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-10", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "0981581722", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtual%20R&D%20team%20Technology%20Transfer%20Facilitator-%20IAMOT2009.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00002", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual R&D team; Technology Transfer; Conceptual model" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:48Z" } }, { "key": "F3GDTS64", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/F3GDTS64", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/F3GDTS64", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-07-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "F3GDTS64", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Managing Communication in New Product Development Process: Virtual R&D Teams and Information Technology", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salwa Hanim", "lastName": "Abdul Rashid" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "Literature proves the importance of the role of information technology in increasing the effectiveness of virtual R&D teams’ communication for new product development. However, the factors that make information technology construct in a virtual R&D team are still ambiguous. Managers of virtual R&D teams for new product development do not know “which type of technology should be used”. To address the gap and answer the question, the paper presents a set of factors that make a construct that contribute to effective communication strategy for virtual R&D teams. The proposed construct has been modified based on the findings of a field survey. This work empirically examines the relationship between information technology construct and its factors by employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). A measurement model is built based on the 19 preliminary chosen factors that have been extracted from literature review. The result shows that 10 factors can make a technology construct. These 10 factors can be grouped into two different constructs, namely Web-based communication and Web-based data sharing. The study findings can help new product developers to concentrate on the main factors for leading effective communications among virtual R&D team members. In addition, this work provides a guideline for software developers to create appropriate tools for virtual R&D teams.", "proceedingsTitle": "United Kingdom - Malaysia - Ireland Engineering Science Conference 2011 (UMIES 2011)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "University of Malaya Press", "place": "University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia", "date": "2011 12-14 July", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "495-502", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual R&D teams; Collaboration; Questionnaires; Performance; Cross-Functional teams; Product development; Structural equation modeling; Measurement model." } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:47Z" } }, { "key": "E7A8D7P5", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/E7A8D7P5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/E7A8D7P5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-01-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "E7A8D7P5", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Envisages of New Product Developments in Small and Medium Enterprises through Virtual Team", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "New product development (NPD) in small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) virtual team has not been systematically investigated in developing countries. Literatures have shown no significant differences between traditional NPD and virtual NPD in general. New product development especially for SMEs virtual team are somewhat lacking in the literature and constitute a research gap. This paper aims to bridge this gap. This study first reviews the NPD and its relationship with virtuality and then identifies the critical factors in definition of NPD in SMEs virtual team. The statistical method was utilized to perform the required analysis of the data from survey. The results are achieved through factor analysis at the perspective of NPD in some of Malaysian and Iranian manufacturing firms. The 20 new product development factors were grouped into five higher level constructs. It gives valuable insight and guidelines which hopefully will help managers of firms in developing countries to consider the main factors in NPD.", "proceedingsTitle": "International Conference on Industrial Engineering and Operations Management (IEOM2010)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Dhaka, Bangladesh", "date": "2010 January. 9-10", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-10", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Envisages%20of%20New%20Product%20Developments%20in%20Small%20and%20Medium.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Survey Finding, New Product Development, Factor Analysis, Virtual Team" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:46Z" } }, { "key": "CEEJVMIN", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/CEEJVMIN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/CEEJVMIN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-12-07", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CEEJVMIN", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "The Effectiveness of Virtual R&D Teams in SMEs: Experiences of Malaysian SMEs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salwa Hanim", "lastName": "Abdul Rashid" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "The number of small and medium enterprises (SMEs), especially those involved with research and development (R&D) programs and employed virtual teams to create the greatest competitive advantage from limited labor are increasing. Global and localized virtual R&D teams are believed to have a high potential for SMEs growth. Due to the fast growing complexity of the new product, coupled with new emerging opportunities of virtual teams, a collaborative approach is believed to be the future trend. This research explores the effectiveness of virtuality in SMEs virtual R&D teams. An online questionnaire emailed to Malaysian manufacturing SMEs and 74 usable questionnaires were received, representing a 20.8 percent return rate. To avoid the bias that may result from pre-suggested answer, a series of open-ended questions asked from expertise. This study based on analyzing an open-ended question; extract four main themes among expertise recommendations on the effectiveness of virtual teams for SMEs growth and performance. These are suitable for SMEs new product design manager to realize the key advantage and importance of virtual R&D teams in the process of NPD, which lead to increase the effectiveness of the new product's procedure.", "proceedingsTitle": "11th Asia Pacific Industrial Engineering and Management Systems Conference 2010 (APIEMS 2010)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "University of Malaya Press", "place": "Melaka, Malaysia", "date": "2010 December 7-10", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-6", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-967-5148-80-4", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/The%20Effectiveness%20of%20Virtual%20R%20&%20D%20Teams%20in%20SMEs.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00000", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual teams, New product development, Survey finding, Small and medium Enterprises" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:45Z" } }, { "key": "97T8T2G3", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/97T8T2G3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/97T8T2G3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tahbaz Tavakoli et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-04-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "97T8T2G3", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Demystifying the Legend of Resistance to Change", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hamid", "lastName": "Tahbaz Tavakoli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Arash", "lastName": "Golnam" } ], "abstractNote": "Nothing is permanent except change. Many authors stress that the reason for the failure of many change initiatives can be found in resistance to change. Resistance to change introduces costs and delays into the change process that are difficult to anticipate but must be taken into consideration. Undoubtedly the resistance to change is key topic in change management and should be seriously considered to help the organization achieve advantages of the transformation. Considering the importance of resistance to change, this paper aims to delve deeper in this field through theoretical exposition of the concept, elaborating more on the literature involving change, types of change coming up with the major reasons why change initiatives fail in some organizations. As the next step we define resistance and we classify its types and as the final analysis we introduce a new managerial approach for overcoming the resistance to change and ensuring the according-to-plan implementation of a change initiative.", "proceedingsTitle": "IAMOT 2008 : 17th International Conference on Management of Technology", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Dubai International Convention and Exhibition Centre (DICEC), Dubai, UAE", "date": "2008 6th-10th April", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-8", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Old%20Conference%20Papers/DEMYSTIFYING%20THE%20LEGEND%20OF%20RESISTANCE%20TO%20CHANGE.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00000", "tags": [ { "tag": "Change, Failure of Change Initiatives, Overcoming Resistance to Change" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:44Z" } }, { "key": "8VBZKCWV", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/8VBZKCWV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/8VBZKCWV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-12-18", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8VBZKCWV", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtual R&D Teams: a Sustainable Infrastructure for Promoting SMEs", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" } ], "abstractNote": "small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) are a major part of the industrial economies. Their survival and growth\nhas therefore been a prominent issue. Research and development (R&D) enables firms to create new technologies and/or to build on existing technologies obtained through technology transfer. Nowadays unpredictable environment suggests that many firms seek new ways of conducting their business through some kind of R&D activities to make a profit and stay ahead of the competition. To survive in the global economy SMEs have to improve their products and processes exploiting their intellectual capital in a dynamic network of knowledge-intensive relations inside and outside their borders. SMEs need to focus on core competences for efficiency matters; they need to cooperate with external partners to compensate for other competences and resources. Responding to the increasing de-centralization and globalization of work processes, many SMEs have responded to their dynamic environments by introducing virtual teams. Virtual teams are growing in popularity. By a comprehensive literature review this article following define a virtual teams, SMEs and its characteristics, addressing a sustainable infrastructure for promoting SMEs. Finally conclude that managers of SMEs should invest less in tangible assets, but more in the areas of expanding virtual R&D activities which will directly generate their future competitive advantage. Future research need to elaborate the effect of virtual R&D team working on the performance of SMEs.", "proceedingsTitle": "2nd Engineering Conference (EnCon 2008)", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Crowne Plaza Riverside Hotel, Kuching, Sarawak, Malaysia", "date": "2008 18-19, December", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "217-223", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtual%20R&D%20Teams%20A%20Sustainable.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [ { "tag": "Virtual Team, Small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs), R&D, Literature Review" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:43Z" } }, { "key": "8SH2UFGV", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 55641, "name": "Conference Papers", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/55641/items/8SH2UFGV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conference_papers/items/8SH2UFGV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 749809, "username": "aleebrahim", "name": "Nader Ale Ebrahim", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/aleebrahim", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ale Ebrahim et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-06-22", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8SH2UFGV", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Virtuality, innovation and R&D activities", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "Ale Ebrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shamsuddin", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zahari", "lastName": "Taha" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Tan Bee", "lastName": "Hoon" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Shameem Rafik", "lastName": "Galea" } ], "abstractNote": "Innovation plays a central role in economic development, at regional and national level. In the competitive environment companies are obliged to produce more rapidly, more effectively and more efficiently in new product development which is a result of research and development (R&D) activities. It is necessary for them to put together different capabilities and services with the goal, through cooperation between suppliers and customers, service providers and scientific institutions to achieve innovations of high quality. Depending on the type of industry, the type of business, the type of innovation and the strategic objectives that have been set, firms will regularly have to modify the way in which their R&D and innovation is organized. Nowadays shift from serial to simultaneous and parallel working in innovation has become more commonplace. Literatures have shown that collaboration is as a meta-capability for innovation. By a comprehensive reviewing of literature this article after define a virtual teams and its characteristics, addressing virtual environments innovation and the relationship to R&D activities. Finally conclude that innovation cannot be successful unless the knowledge and information in the R&D project are effectively captured, shared and internalized by the R&D project’s virtual team members.", "proceedingsTitle": "14th International Conference on Thinking (2009 Malaysia) -Theme \"Thinking Minds: Nurturing the Design of a Better Future\"", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "Universiti Putra Malaysia", "place": "Kuala Lumpur Convention Centre, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia", "date": "2009 22-26 June", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "515-529", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "978-983-41184-5-7", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://aleebrahim.com/Conferenc%20Papers/Virtuality,%20innovation%20and%20R&D%20activities.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "00001", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-09-28T17:19:03Z", "dateModified": "2013-12-10T03:39:42Z" } } ]