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            "version": 245,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Conceptual and methodological issues in research on mindfulness and meditation",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Richard J.",
                    "lastName": "Davidson"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Alfred W.",
                    "lastName": "Kaszniak"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Both basic science and clinical research on mindfulness, meditation, and related constructs have dramatically increased in recent years. However, interpretation of these research results has been challenging. The present article addresses unique conceptual and methodological problems posed by research in this area. Included among the key topics is the role of first-person experience and how it can be best studied, the challenges posed by intervention research designs in which true double-blinding is not possible, the nature of control and comparison conditions for research that includes mindfulness or other meditation-based interventions, issues in the adequate description of mindfulness and related trainings and interventions, the question of how mindfulness can be measured, questions regarding what can and cannot be inferred from self-report measures, and considerations regarding the structure of study design and data analyses. Most of these topics are germane to both basic and clinical research studies and have important bearing on the future scientific understanding of mindfulness and meditation. (PsycINFO Database Record",
            "publicationTitle": "The American Psychologist",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2015",
            "volume": "70",
            "issue": "7",
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            "pages": "581-592",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Am Psychol",
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            "version": 245,
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            "title": "A systematic review of mental health outcome measures for young people aged 12 to 25 years",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Benjamin",
                    "lastName": "Kwan"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Debra J.",
                    "lastName": "Rickwood"
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            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Mental health outcome measures are used to monitor the quality and effectiveness of mental health services. There is also a growing expectation for implementation of routine measurement and measures being used by clinicians as a feedback monitoring system to improve client outcomes. The recent focus in Australia and elsewhere targeting mental health services to young people aged 12-25 years has meant that outcome measures relevant to this age range are now needed. This is a shift from the traditional divide of child and adolescent services versus adult services with a transitioning age at 18 years. This systematic review is the first to examine mental health outcome measures that are appropriate for the 12 to 25 year age range.\nMETHODS: MEDLINE and PsychINFO databases were systematically searched to identify studies using mental health outcome measures with young people aged 12 to 25 years. The search strategy complied with the relevant sections of the PRISMA statement.\nRESULTS: A total of 184 published articles were identified, covering 29 different outcome measures. The measures were organised into domains that consisted of eight measures of cognition and emotion, nine functioning measures, six quality of life measures, and six multidimensional mental health measures. No measures were designed specifically for young people aged 12 to 25 years and only two had been used by clinicians as a feedback monitoring system. Five measures had been used across the whole 12 to 25 year age range, in a range of mental health settings and were deemed most appropriate for this age group.\nCONCLUSIONS: With changes to mental health service systems that increasingly focus on early intervention in adolescence and young adulthood, there is a need for outcome measures designed specifically for those aged 12 to 25 years. In particular, multidimensional measures that are clinically meaningful need to be developed to ensure quality and effectiveness in youth mental health. Additionally, outcome measures can be clinically useful when designed to be used within routine feedback monitoring systems.",
            "publicationTitle": "BMC psychiatry",
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            "issue": "1",
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            "pages": "279",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "BMC Psychiatry",
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            "version": 245,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Age differences in the impact of peers on adolescents' and adults' neural response to reward",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ashley R.",
                    "lastName": "Smith"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Laurence",
                    "lastName": "Steinberg"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Nicole",
                    "lastName": "Strang"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Jason",
                    "lastName": "Chein"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Prior research suggests that increased adolescent risk-taking in the presence of peers may be linked to the influence of peers on the valuation and processing of rewards during decision-making. The current study explores this idea by examining how peer observation impacts the processing of rewards when such processing is isolated from other facets of risky decision-making (e.g. risk-perception and preference, inhibitory processing, etc.). In an fMRI paradigm, a sample of adolescents (ages 14-19) and adults (ages 25-35) completed a modified High/Low Card Guessing Task that included rewarded and un-rewarded trials. Social context was manipulated by having participants complete the task both alone and while being observed by two, same-age, same-sex peers. Results indicated an interaction of age and social context on the activation of reward circuitry during the receipt of reward; when observed by peers adolescents exhibited greater ventral striatal activation than adults, but no age-related differences were evinced when the task was completed alone. These findings suggest that, during adolescence, peers influence recruitment of reward-related regions even when they are engaged outside of the context of risk-taking. Implications for engagement in prosocial, as well as risky, behaviors during adolescence are discussed.",
            "publicationTitle": "Developmental Cognitive Neuroscience",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2015",
            "volume": "11",
            "issue": "",
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            "pages": "75-82",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Dev Cogn Neurosci",
            "DOI": "10.1016/j.dcn.2014.08.010",
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            "language": "eng",
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            "tags": [
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                    "tag": "A4"
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                {
                    "tag": "Adolescence"
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                {
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                    "type": 1
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                {
                    "tag": "Frau : 4018202-2"
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                {
                    "tag": "Mann : 4037363-0"
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            "creatorSummary": "George and Odgers",
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            "version": 244,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Seven Fears and the Science of How Mobile Technologies May Be Influencing Adolescents in the Digital Age",
            "creators": [
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Madeleine J.",
                    "lastName": "George"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Candice L.",
                    "lastName": "Odgers"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Close to 90% of U.S. adolescents now own or have access to a mobile phone, and they are using them frequently. Adolescents send and receive an average of over 60 text messages per day from their devices, and over 90% of adolescents now access the Internet from a mobile device at least occasionally. Many adults are asking how this constant connectivity is influencing adolescents' development. In this article, we examine seven commonly voiced fears about the influence of mobile technologies on adolescents' safety (e.g., cyberbullying and online solicitation), social development (e.g., peer relationships, parent-child relationships, and identity development), cognitive performance, and sleep. Three sets of findings emerge. First, with some notable exceptions (e.g., sleep disruption and new tools for bullying), most online behaviors and threats to well-being are mirrored in the offline world, such that offline factors predict negative online experiences and effects. Second, the effects of mobile technologies are not uniform, in that benefits appear to be conferred for some adolescents (e.g., skill building among shy adolescents), whereas risk is exacerbated among others (e.g., worsening existing mental health problems). Third, experimental and quasi-experimental studies that go beyond a reliance on self-reported information are required to understand how, for whom, and under what conditions adolescents' interactions with mobile technologies influence their still developing social relationships, brains, and bodies.",
            "publicationTitle": "Perspectives on Psychological Science: A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science",
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            "place": "",
            "date": "2015",
            "volume": "10",
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            "pages": "832-851",
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                    "tag": "Mobile technologies"
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                    "tag": "Multitasking"
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                    "tag": "Online safety"
                },
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                    "tag": "Parental monitoring"
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    {
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        "version": 244,
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            "version": 244,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Exposure to nature versus relaxation during lunch breaks and recovery from work: development and design of an intervention study to improve workers’ health, well-being, work performance and creativity",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Jessica",
                    "lastName": "de Bloom"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ulla",
                    "lastName": "Kinnunen"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kalevi",
                    "lastName": "Korpela"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Background\nThe objective of this research project is to understand and to improve workers’ recovery from work stress. Although recovery during lunch breaks is the most common within-workday break, it has received only minor research attention. Therefore, we will study whether lunch breaks including a relaxation session or exposure to nature have more favorable outcomes than usually spent lunch breaks concerning: a) recovery processes, b) health, c) well-being, d) job performance and e) creativity. We approach recovery by combining the theoretical frameworks of work and environmental psychology.\n\nMethods/Design\nWe conduct an intervention study in a sample of 268 knowledge-workers who engage in different lunch break activities for 15-minutes per day, two weeks in a row. We randomly assign participants to three experimental conditions: 1) exposure to nature, 2) relaxation and 3) control group (lunch break spent as usual). Online questionnaires before and after the intervention assess long term changes regarding recovery processes and the major outcome variables. Before, during and after the intervention, SMS and paper-pencil questionnaires measure the same constructs four times a day with fewer items. We also measure blood pressure and collect saliva samples to map cortisol excretion across the intervention period. A timed experimental task (i.e., the Alternative Uses Task) is used to examine differences in creativity between the three groups after the intervention period.\n\nDiscussion\nBy combining the knowledge of work and environmental psychology about recovery and restorative experiences, by merging three recovery perspectives (settings, processes, and outcomes) and by using data triangulation, we produce valid results that broaden our view on mechanisms underlying recovery and enhance our understanding about their links to psychological, behavioural and physiological outcomes, resulting in a more comprehensive picture of work stress recovery in general.\n\nTrial registration\nClinicalTrials.gov Protocol Registration System NCT02124837. Registered 24 April 2014.",
            "publicationTitle": "BMC Public Health",
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            "volume": "14",
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            "PMCID": "PMC4039544",
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            "title": "A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research: hedonic tone, activation, or regulatory focus?",
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                    "firstName": "Matthijs",
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                    "firstName": "Carsten K. W.",
                    "lastName": "De Dreu"
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                    "firstName": "Bernard A.",
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                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "This meta-analysis synthesized 102 effect sizes reflecting the relation between specific moods and creativity. Effect sizes overall revealed that positive moods produce more creativity than mood-neutral controls (r= .15), but no significant differences between negative moods and mood-neutral controls (r= -.03) or between positive and negative moods (r= .04) were observed. Creativity is enhanced most by positive mood states that are activating and associated with an approach motivation and promotion focus (e.g., happiness), rather than those that are deactivating and associated with an avoidance motivation and prevention focus (e.g., relaxed). Negative, deactivating moods with an approach motivation and a promotion focus (e.g., sadness) were not associated with creativity, but negative, activating moods with an avoidance motivation and a prevention focus (fear, anxiety) were associated with lower creativity, especially when assessed as cognitive flexibility. With a few exceptions, these results generalized across experimental and correlational designs, populations (students vs. general adult population), and facet of creativity (e.g., fluency, flexibility, originality, eureka/insight). The authors discuss theoretical implications and highlight avenues for future research on specific moods, creativity, and their relationships.",
            "publicationTitle": "Psychological Bulletin",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2008",
            "volume": "134",
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            "pages": "779-806",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Psychol Bull",
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            "PMID": "18954157",
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            "ISSN": "0033-2909",
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            "shortTitle": "A meta-analysis of 25 years of mood-creativity research",
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                    "lastName": "Hartig"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
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                    "lastName": "Mitchell"
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                    "firstName": "Howard",
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            "abstractNote": "Urbanization, resource exploitation, and lifestyle changes have diminished possibilities for human contact with nature in urbanized societies. Concern about the loss has helped motivate research on the health benefits of contact with nature. Reviewing that research here, we focus on nature as represented by aspects of the physical environment relevant to planning, design, and policy measures that serve broad segments of urbanized societies. We discuss difficulties in defining \"nature\" and reasons for the current expansion of the research field, and we assess available reviews. We then consider research on pathways between nature and health involving air quality, physical activity, social cohesion, and stress reduction. Finally, we discuss methodological issues and priorities for future research. The extant research does describe an array of benefits of contact with nature, and evidence regarding some benefits is strong; however, some findings indicate caution is needed in applying beliefs about those benefits, and substantial gaps in knowledge remain.",
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            "publisher": "",
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            "pages": "207-228",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Annu Rev Public Health",
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                },
                {
                    "tag": "Air Pollution",
                    "type": 1
                },
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                    "tag": "Causality",
                    "type": 1
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                    "type": 1
                },
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                    "type": 1
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                    "type": 1
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                    "type": 1
                },
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                    "firstName": "Antoine",
                    "lastName": "Lutz"
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                {
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                    "lastName": "Jha"
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            "abstractNote": "There has been a great increase in literature concerned with the effects of a variety of mental training regimes that generally fall within what might be called contemplative practices, and a majority of these studies have focused on mindfulness. Mindfulness meditation practices can be conceptualized as a set of attention-based, regulatory, and self-inquiry training regimes cultivated for various ends, including wellbeing and psychological health. This article examines the construct of mindfulness in psychological research and reviews recent, nonclinical work in this area. Instead of proposing a single definition of mindfulness, we interpret it as a continuum of practices involving states and processes that can be mapped into a multidimensional phenomenological matrix which itself can be expressed in a neurocognitive framework. This phenomenological matrix of mindfulness is presented as a heuristic to guide formulation of next-generation research hypotheses from both cognitive/behavioral and neuroscientific perspectives. In relation to this framework, we review selected findings on mindfulness cultivated through practices in traditional and research settings, and we conclude by identifying significant gaps in the literature and outline new directions for research. (PsycINFO Database Record",
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            "creators": [
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kevanne Louise",
                    "lastName": "Sanger"
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                    "firstName": "Dusana",
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Mindfulness training is increasingly being introduced in schools, yet studies examining its impact on the developing brain have been scarce. A neurodevelopmental perspective on mindfulness has been advocated as a powerful tool to enhance our understanding of underlying neurocognitive changes that have implications for developmental well-being research and the implementation of mindfulness in education. To stimulate more research in the developmental cognitive neuroscience of mindfulness, this article outlines possible indexes of mindfulness-based change in adolescence, with a focus on event-related brain potential (ERP) markers. We provide methodological recommendations for future studies and offer examples of research paradigms. We also discuss how mindfulness practice could impact on the development of prefrontal brain structures and enhance attention control and emotion regulation skills in adolescents, impacting in turn on their self-regulation and coping skills. We highlight advantages of the ERP methodology in neurodevelopmental research of mindfulness. It is proposed that research using established experimental tasks targeting ERP components such as the contingent negative variability, N200, error-related negativity and error positivity, P300, and late positive potential could elucidate developmentally salient shifts in the neural plasticity of the adolescent brain induced by mindfulness practice.",
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            "place": "",
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Daniel",
                    "lastName": "Kahneman"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Angus",
                    "lastName": "Deaton"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Recent research has begun to distinguish two aspects of subjective well-being. Emotional well-being refers to the emotional quality of an individual's everyday experience—the frequency and intensity of experiences of joy, stress, sadness, anger, and affection that make one's life pleasant or unpleasant. Life evaluation refers to the thoughts that people have about their life when they think about it. We raise the question of whether money buys happiness, separately for these two aspects of well-being. We report an analysis of more than 450,000 responses to the Gallup-Healthways Well-Being Index, a daily survey of 1,000 US residents conducted by the Gallup Organization. We find that emotional well-being (measured by questions about emotional experiences yesterday) and life evaluation (measured by Cantril's Self-Anchoring Scale) have different correlates. Income and education are more closely related to life evaluation, but health, care giving, loneliness, and smoking are relatively stronger predictors of daily emotions. When plotted against log income, life evaluation rises steadily. Emotional well-being also rises with log income, but there is no further progress beyond an annual income of ~$75,000. Low income exacerbates the emotional pain associated with such misfortunes as divorce, ill health, and being alone. We conclude that high income buys life satisfaction but not happiness, and that low income is associated both with low life evaluation and low emotional well-being.",
            "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
            "publisher": "",
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            "date": "2010",
            "volume": "107",
            "issue": "38",
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                },
                {
                    "tag": "Emotional experience"
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                {
                    "tag": "Happiness"
                },
                {
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                }
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            "creatorSummary": "Bowler et al.",
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            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "A systematic review of evidence for the added benefits to health of exposure to natural environments",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Diana E.",
                    "lastName": "Bowler"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Lisette M.",
                    "lastName": "Buyung-Ali"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Teri M.",
                    "lastName": "Knight"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Andrew S.",
                    "lastName": "Pullin"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: There is increasing interest in the potential role of the natural environment in human health and well-being. However, the evidence-base for specific and direct health or well-being benefits of activity within natural compared to more synthetic environments has not been systematically assessed.\nMETHODS: We conducted a systematic review to collate and synthesise the findings of studies that compare measurements of health or well-being in natural and synthetic environments. Effect sizes of the differences between environments were calculated and meta-analysis used to synthesise data from studies measuring similar outcomes.\nRESULTS: Twenty-five studies met the review inclusion criteria. Most of these studies were crossover or controlled trials that investigated the effects of short-term exposure to each environment during a walk or run. This included 'natural' environments, such as public parks and green university campuses, and synthetic environments, such as indoor and outdoor built environments. The most common outcome measures were scores of different self-reported emotions. Based on these data, a meta-analysis provided some evidence of a positive benefit of a walk or run in a natural environment in comparison to a synthetic environment. There was also some support for greater attention after exposure to a natural environment but not after adjusting effect sizes for pretest differences. Meta-analysis of data on blood pressure and cortisol concentrations found less evidence of a consistent difference between environments across studies.\nCONCLUSIONS: Overall, the studies are suggestive that natural environments may have direct and positive impacts on well-being, but support the need for investment in further research on this question to understand the general significance for public health.",
            "publicationTitle": "BMC public health",
            "publisher": "",
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            "date": "2010",
            "volume": "10",
            "issue": "",
            "section": "",
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            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "456",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "BMC Public Health",
            "DOI": "10.1186/1471-2458-10-456",
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            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "",
            "PMID": "20684754",
            "PMCID": "PMC2924288",
            "ISSN": "1471-2458",
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            "language": "eng",
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            "title": "Psychological flexibility as a fundamental aspect of health",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Todd B.",
                    "lastName": "Kashdan"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Jonathan",
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            "abstractNote": "Traditionally, positive emotions and thoughts, strengths, and the satisfaction of basic psychological needs for belonging, competence, and autonomy have been seen as the cornerstones of psychological health. Without disputing their importance, these foci fail to capture many of the fluctuating, conflicting forces that are readily apparent when people navigate the environment and social world. In this paper, we review literature to offer evidence for the prominence of psychological flexibility in understanding psychological health. Thus far, the importance of psychological flexibility has been obscured by the isolation and disconnection of research conducted on this topic. Psychological flexibility spans a wide range of human abilities to: recognize and adapt to various situational demands; shift mindsets or behavioral repertoires when these strategies compromise personal or social functioning; maintain balance among important life domains; and be aware, open, and committed to behaviors that are congruent with deeply held values. In many forms of psychopathology, these flexibility processes are absent. In hopes of creating a more coherent understanding, we synthesize work in emotion regulation, mindfulness and acceptance, social and personality psychology, and neuropsychology. Basic research findings provide insight into the nature, correlates, and consequences of psychological flexibility and applied research provides details on promising interventions. Throughout, we emphasize dynamic approaches that might capture this fluid construct in the real-world.",
            "publicationTitle": "Clinical Psychology Review",
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            "place": "",
            "date": "2010",
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            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "865-878",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Clin Psychol Rev",
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            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Enhancing the Emotional and Social Skills of the Youth to Promote their Wellbeing and Positive Development: A Systematic Review of Universal School-based Randomized Controlled Trials",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Federica",
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                    "lastName": "Paulus"
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                    "firstName": "Giulia",
                    "lastName": "Cossu"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Matthias C.",
                    "lastName": "Angermeyer"
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                    "firstName": "Mauro Giovanni",
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                    "firstName": "Jutta",
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            "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: The acquisition of social and emotional skills is associated with positive youth development, character education, healthy lifestyle behaviours, reduction in depression and anxiety, conduct disorders, violence, bullying, conflict, and anger. School-based interventions aimed to enhance these skills go beyond a problem-focused approach to embrace a more positive view of health; they could also improve the youth's wellbeing.\nAIM: To describe the main features and to establish the effectiveness of universal school-based RCTs for children and the youth, aimed to promote their psychosocial wellbeing, positive development, healthy lifestyle behaviours and/or academic performance by improving their emotional and social skills.\nMETHODS: Systematic review by searching for relevant papers in PubMed/Medline with the following key words: \"mental health\" OR \"wellbeing\" OR \"health promotion\" OR \"emotional learning\" OR \"social learning\" OR \"emotional and social learning\" OR \"positive youth development\" OR \"life skills\" OR \"life skills training\" AND \"school\". Interval was set from January 2000 to April 2014.\nRESULTS: 1,984 papers were identified through the search. Out of them 22 RCTs were included. While most interventions were characterized by a whole-school approach and SAFE practices, few studies only used standardized measures to assess outcomes, or had collected follow-up data after ≥ 6 months. The results of all these trials were examined and discussed.\nCONCLUSION: Universal school-based RCTs to enhance emotional and social skills showed controversial findings, due to some methodological issues mainly. Nevertheless they show promising outcomes that are relatively far-reaching for children and youth wellbeing and therefore are important in the real world.",
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            "abstractNote": "Michael Klemm analysiert die kommunikative Praxis des Reiseblogs, die sich aus der engen Kopplung zwischen dem Erleben und dem Erzählen von Reisen in Medienkulturen ergibt. Im Gegensatz zu früheren Reiseberichten, die im Anschluss an die Reise veröffentlicht wurden, besteht insbesondere bei Bloggern beinahe eine Synchronizität zwischen diesen Abschnitten und für das Publikum ein Gefühl des Miterlebens, wenn die Blogger ihre Reiseerfahrungen unmittelbar oder zumindest zeitnah zur Verfügung stellen. Diese Form des Erzählens stellt Michael Klemm in einen historischen Kontext, ohne sie alleine von früheren Reiseerzählformen abzuleiten. Aus den Vergleichen mit anderen literarischen, wissenschaftlichen, journalistischen oder unterhaltsamen Reisegeschichten ergibt sich vielmehr ein Analyseraster, welches für Reiseblogs angewendet wird.",
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                    "firstName": "Simon",
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                    "firstName": "Grete",
                    "lastName": "Waaseth"
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            "abstractNote": "Traditional African healing has been in existence for many centuries yet many people still seem not to understand how it relates to God and religion/spirituality. Some people seem to believe that traditional healers worship the ancestors and not God. It is therefore the aim of this paper to clarify this relationship by discussing a chain of communication between the worshipers and the Almighty God. Other aspects of traditional healing namely types of traditional healers, training of traditional healers as well as the role of traditional healers in their communities are discussed. In conclusion, the services of traditional healers go far beyond the uses of herbs for physical illnesses. Traditional healers serve many roles which include but not limited to custodians of the traditional African religion and customs, educators about culture, counselors, social workers and psychologists.",
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            "abstractNote": "Main description: Die Rolle sinnlicher Wahrnehmung ist in der Alltagskulturforschung bisher wenig erforscht. Dieser Band greift deshalb die angloamerikanische Forderung nach Einbindung der Sinne in die ethnographische Forschungspraxis auf. Die versammelten Beiträge befragen sinnliche Wahrnehmung kritisch - sowohl hinsichtlich der Körperlichkeit von Alltagserfahrungen und resultierender Epistemologien, als auch in Hinblick auf die Konsequenzen für ethnographische Forschungsprozesse. Das Ausloten der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen sinnlicher Wahrnehmung erlaubt theoretisch-methodische Neukonzeptionen sowie ein konkretes Nachspüren von Feldern, die beispielsweise Raum, Medien oder Subjektkonstitution streifen.\n\n\n\nBiographical note: Lydia Arantes (Mag. phil.) ist Dissertantin am Institut für Volkskunde und Kulturanthropologie der Universität Graz. Elisa Rieger (Mag. phil.) ist Dissertantin am Institut für Volkskunde und Kulturanthropologie der Universität Graz.",
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                    "firstName": "Linda Patia",
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            "abstractNote": "PURPOSE: The purpose of this article is to outline notable alterations occurring in the adolescent brain, and to consider potential ramifications of these developmental transformations for public policy and programs involving adolescents.\nMETHODS: Developmental changes in the adolescent brain obtained from human imaging work are reviewed, along with results of basic science studies.\nRESULTS: Adolescent brain transformations include both progressive and regressive changes that are regionally specific and serve to refine brain functional connectivity. Along with still-maturing inhibitory control systems that can be overcome under emotional circumstances, the adolescent brain is associated with sometimes elevated activation of reward-relevant brain regions, whereas sensitivity to aversive stimuli may be attenuated. At this time, the developmental shift from greater brain plasticity early in life to the relative stability of the mature brain is still tilted more toward plasticity than seen in adulthood, perhaps providing an opportunity for some experience-influenced sculpting of the adolescent brain.\nCONCLUSIONS: Normal developmental transformations in brain reward/aversive systems, areas critical for inhibitory control, and regions activated by emotional, exciting, and stressful stimuli may promote some normative degree of adolescent risk taking. These findings have a number of potential implications for public policies and programs focused on adolescent health and well-being.",
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            "pages": "S7-13",
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            "abstractNote": "This article aims to explore stressors experienced by Swedish adolescent girls and young women, specifically understood in relation to social context and gender theory. Interviews were conducted with 40 young Swedish women, aged 16-25 years, who had sought help at a youth health centre for stress problems. Using qualitative content analysis we identified three clusters of stressors: \"the stressors of modernity\", \"the stressors of gendered orders\", and \"the stressors of youth\". The results revealed that multiple and intersecting discourse-shaped stressors and demands connected to essential life spheres contribute not only to experiences of distress but also to feelings of constraint. Gendered individualism and healthism proved to be essential in understanding the young women's experienced stress. Failing social support from adults, gendered demands and responsibility taking were also illuminated. This calls for a broad contextualized and gender-sensitive approach to young women's stress and health problems.",
            "publicationTitle": "Social Science & Medicine (1982)",
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            "issue": "9",
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                {
                    "tag": "Frau : 4018202-2"
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                    "type": 1
                },
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                    "type": 1
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                    "tag": "Social Environment",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Stress, Psychological",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Sweden",
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                    "tag": "Young Adult",
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            "title": "A Pilot Study of a Mindfulness Intervention for Adolescents and the Potential Role of Self-Compassion in Reducing Stress",
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            "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE: In this pilot study, we sought to investigate the effects of a mindfulness intervention for adolescents on a community sample of teens. Specifically, we explored the effects of mindfulness training on emotional well-being outcomes. Also, we examined the relationship between mindfulness and self-compassion at baseline-predicted outcome measures.\nDESIGN: This design was a pre-/post-pilot intervention study. Paired t-tests were conducted to examine change in outcome measures before and after the mindfulness intervention. Multiple regression was also conducted to investigate the influence of baseline mindfulness and self-compassion on outcome measures.\nSETTING: The study took place after school in a classroom at a local university.\nPARTICIPANTS: Overall 28 adolescents age 10-18 years from two different cohorts participated in this study.\nINTERVENTION: Learning to BREATHE, a mindfulness curriculum designed specifically for adolescents and taught in six 1.5h sessions, was implemented.\nMAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The outcome measures, life satisfaction and perceived stress, were included in an online survey before and after the mindfulness intervention.\nRESULTS: Results indicated that mindfulness, self-compassion, perceived stress, and life satisfaction improved from pre-intervention to post-intervention. Further, self-compassion (taught within the mindfulness intervention) was negatively related to perceived stress post-intervention while controlling for baseline stress. These findings suggest that mindfulness may be an effective intervention for improving indicators of emotional well-being among an adolescent population. Additionally, self-compassion may be a pathway through which youth can lower stress. Future research should examine self-compassion as a potential factor in promoting emotional well-being.",
            "publicationTitle": "Explore (New York, N.Y.)",
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            "creatorSummary": "Roeser and Peck",
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            "title": "An Education in Awareness: Self, Motivation, and Self-Regulated Learning in Contemplative Perspective",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Robert W.",
                    "lastName": "Roeser"
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            "abstractNote": "Consistent with the aims of this special issue, we present a systems perspective on self/identity, predicated on William James's classic distinction between I and Me, and use this perspective to explore conceptual relations between self/identity, motivation to learn, and self-regulated learning. We define the I self functionally in terms of the capacity for the conscious shifting and sustaining of awareness. The I is conceived of as that aspect of the self-system that affords the potential for the conscious and willful, rather than the non-conscious and automatic, motivation and regulation of behavior. We introduce contemplative education as a set of pedagogical practices designed to cultivate conscious awareness in an ethical-relational context in which the values of personal growth, learning, moral living, and caring for others are nurtured. We discuss the implications of contemplative education for the cultivation of conscious and willful forms of learning and living among students and educators alike.",
            "publicationTitle": "Educational Psychologist",
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            "date": "2009",
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