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He mentions \"echo chambers\" such as Radio-Canada's research division; the centre catholique national; and the emergence of a series of critical journals like Cite Libre (1950), Liberte, Parti Pris (1960), and Socialisme, as well as CROP, the province's first privately owned public opinion company (Lacroix & Levesque, 1985a). This \"pre-stage,\" Roger de la Garde (1987) reminds us, coincided with the Quiet Revolution in Quebec during which the province modernized its state apparatus and took over educational and social functions from the Catholic church. Radio-Canada participated in the modernization by hiring Rene Levesque to do \"window on the world\" reporting, while Expo 67 generated artistic and public relations opportunities which had not existed before. Between the 1950s and 1960s, the founding of critical magazines also led to a radicalization of journalists who struck at La Presse in 1958 and at Radio-Canada a year later over editorial autonomy. All of these initiatives indicated the importance of media in modern society. Table 2 demonstrates as well that the province's nation-building interests provided particularly fertile ground for developing communication studies in Quebec universities. In the decade between 1965 and 1976, Loyola College started its BA program (1965), Universite de Montreal and Laval began their BAs four years later in 1969, and the Universite du Quebec a Montreal came on stream in 1973-74, at the same time that the Universite de Montreal and McGill University innovated their MA cycles in the field. Three years later in 1976, McGill mounted Canada's first PhD program in communication studies. All of these programs were interdisciplinary in character drawing on expertise from a variety of social science and humanities disciplines to tackle human communications issues. None of these issues can be resolved until we tackle another fundamental question, namely that of \"national traditions\" of theorizing. Many Canadian scholars seem to implicitly argue that because we use Canadian evidence to build our arguments, Canadian communication scholarship is somehow unique. Yet what evidence would we adduce to prove that Canadian scholarship has contributed \"unique ways\" of thinking about communicational issues? One scholar who has made this claim is Daniel Czitrom (1982) who identified what he calls four alternative modes of thought which have enriched North American communication studies since the 1970s. He mentions film studies, the Frankfurt School's work by Adorno and Horkheimer in New York, the mass culture debates of the 1950s and 1960s, and the metahistory and mythology approaches of [Harold Innis] and [Marshall McLuhan] in Canada. Paul Heyer (1988) explains that Innis' metahistory approach consists of developing a framework of epochal divisions which is linked to a dominant mode of communication. Innis suggests that from the oral tradition of preliterate cultures, through different types of writing and print, to the electronic media of our own time, communications technologies created unique social institutions and practices. Yet as each civilization has its own dominant form of communication, so it also develops a bias in cultural orientation toward either time or space. And this means that each dominant form of communication also creates what Innis calls a \"monopoly of knowledge\" controlled by a privileged group. 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Abstract: Doing a historiography of the field of Canadian communication studies is very much a work in progress for which many of the building blocks are not yet known. Three types of information are needed. Information on the sociohistorical setting in which our field emerged, on the founders who conceptualized it in different universities (French and English), and on the theoretical emphases of our field. This paper brings together some of this contextual evidence.

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p.5

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« L'intérêt des sociologues pour les révolutions a été très vif dans les années 60 et 70. »

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p.13-14-15

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Établit 5 réformes de la révolution tranquille

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1- réforme système d'éducation
2- réforme système de santé et services sociaux
3- réforme de l'économie québécoise ( Hydro-Québec )
4- réforme fonction publique québécoise
5- projet d'un Québec indépendant

\n

 

\n

 

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Affirme que contrairement à l'idée générale, le Canada et les USA sont de plus en plus entrain de s'éloigner.

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Cette idée est intéressante puisqu'elle offre un contre-fort à l'exception québécoise.

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Vision plus proche de l'essai, l'homme n'est pas un chercheur académique

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Chercher livre
Lament for a Nation de George Grant parce que c'est un torchon nationaliste anti-américain
? de Seymour Martin Lipset qui a écrit sur les deux pays

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p.2 : montre deux auteurs qui pensent que le Canada se rapproche des USA soit Jeffrey Simpson and Michael Bliss

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p.3

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Un sondage de Ekos Research a montré que 58% des Canadiens pensent qu'ils sont devenus plus Américains dans les dernières dix années.

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p.4

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« I advance the rarely heard, and even more rarely substantiated, thesis that Canadians and Americans are actually becoming increasingly diffrent from one others. »

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p.5

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« Americans were the revolutionaries putting in place institutions designed to frustrate the authority of governments, while counterrevolutionary Canadians saw the authority of political institutions as central to the well-being of their country.

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