[ { "key": "DBF25DRI", "version": 8958, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/DBF25DRI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/DBF25DRI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hyönä and Kaakinen", "parsedDate": "2019", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "DBF25DRI", "version": 8958, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Eye Movements During Reading", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Christoph", "lastName": "Klein" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Ulrich", "lastName": "Ettinger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jukka", "lastName": "Hyönä" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Johanna K.", "lastName": "Kaakinen" } ], "abstractNote": "", "bookTitle": "Eye Movement Research", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2019", "publisher": "Springer International Publishing", "place": "Cham", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "239-274", "ISBN": "978-3-030-20083-1 978-3-030-20085-5", "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-030-20085-5_7", "citationKey": "Hyona:2019", "url": "http://link.springer.com/10.1007/978-3-030-20085-5_7", "accessDate": "2025-01-18T17:57:17Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Series Title: Studies in Neuroscience, Psychology and Behavioral Economics", "tags": [], "collections": [ "XLGLJHVK" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-01-18T17:57:17Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:18Z" } }, { "key": "I7LVQR5B", "version": 8474, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/I7LVQR5B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/I7LVQR5B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Schwarz", "parsedDate": "2019", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "I7LVQR5B", "version": 8474, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "4 Logical Space & Possible Worlds", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Florian", "lastName": "Schwarz" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2019", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "5", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "Schwarz:2019a", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "⛔ No DOI found", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-10-03T17:34:34Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:18Z" } }, { "key": "H8USIYME", "version": 8467, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/H8USIYME", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/H8USIYME", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Harris", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "H8USIYME", "version": 8467, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Semantics without Semantic Content", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel W", "lastName": "Harris" } ], "abstractNote": "I argue that semantics is the study of the proprietary database of a modular input–output system. The role of this semantic module is to encode and decode partial and defeasible evidence of what speakers are saying. In particular, I argue that the semantic module is both centrally inaccessible and informationally encapsulated. This has consequences for how we do semantics, since it places information about nonlinguistic context outside the purview of semantic processing. We must therefore adopt the nonstandard view that a sentence’s semantic value is not its content but is rather a partial and defeasible constraint on what it can be used to say. Unlike others who have defended similar views, I show how to translate this thesis into a detailed compositionalsemantic theory. I do so by nondestructively modifying the influential framework of Heim & Kratzer () and von Fintel & Heim (). The resulting approach situates semantics within an independently motivated account of human cognitive architecture and reveals the semantics–pragmatics interface to be grounded in the underlying interface between modular and central systems.", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "37", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/mila.12290", "citationKey": "Harris:a", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "7RW6L2YZ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-10-02T01:37:30Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:18Z" } }, { "key": "5HQF4Z23", "version": 8529, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/5HQF4Z23", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/5HQF4Z23", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Paparounas", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "5HQF4Z23", "version": 8529, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "More on noun incorporation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lefteris", "lastName": "Paparounas" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "Paparounas:d", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "⛔ No DOI found", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "NI93P3CU" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-02-25T16:33:00Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:17Z" } }, { "key": "NYK8QV8I", "version": 8494, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/NYK8QV8I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/NYK8QV8I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Johnson", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "NYK8QV8I", "version": 8494, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sluicing and Constraints on Quantifier Scope", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kyle", "lastName": "Johnson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "Johnson:a", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "⛔ No DOI found", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "8FSXTMJE" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-12-11T19:11:51Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:17Z" } }, { "key": "PWYLD95N", "version": 8493, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/PWYLD95N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/PWYLD95N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Landau", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "PWYLD95N", "version": 8493, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Explicit Syntax of Implicit Arguments", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Idan", "lastName": "Landau" } ], "abstractNote": "Although they participate in control relations, implicit arguments are standardly viewed as unprojected ␪-roles, absent from the syntax. I challenge this view and argue that implicit arguments are syntactically represented. The argument rests on the observation that implicit arguments can exercise partial control, and the claim that partial control must be encoded in the syntax (given plausible assumptions on the limits of lexical relations). I further argue that the syntactic constitution of implicit arguments is more impoverished than that of pro, explaining their differential visibility to various syntactic processes.", "publicationTitle": "Linguistic Inquiry", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "07/2010", "volume": "41", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "357-388", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Linguistic Inquiry", "DOI": "10.1162/LING_a_00001", "citationKey": "Landau:2010c", "url": "http://www.mitpressjournals.org/doi/10.1162/LING_a_00001", "accessDate": "2020-01-30T18:32:34Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0024-3892, 1530-9150", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2020-01-30T18:32:34Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:17Z" } }, { "key": "8VGTAT6S", "version": 8956, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/8VGTAT6S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/8VGTAT6S", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Keshet and Abney", "parsedDate": "2024-07-14", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8VGTAT6S", "version": 8956, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Intensional anaphora", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ezra", "lastName": "Keshet" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Steven", "lastName": "Abney" } ], "abstractNote": "Intensional operators are often treated as quantifiers over possible worlds, parallel to the treatment of determiners as quantifiers over individuals. Individuals introduced in intensional contexts cannot serve as antecedents to later pronouns as easily as those introduced in (merely) quantificational contexts, though. For instance, a quantified sentence like Everyone is eating a cheeseburger may be felicitously followed by an anaphoric statement like They are large, where they refers to the totality of cheeseburgers being eaten. However, as Stone (1999) points out, the quite similar Andrea might be eating a cheeseburger does not support later anaphoric references such as It is large or They are large. Stone (1999), Stone & Hardt (1999), and Brasoveanu (2010) solve this problem by restricting the value of pronouns: in their systems, a pronoun presupposes that its referent(s) exist in the world of evaluation, ruling out anaphora from non-veridical intensional contexts. And yet, we show in this paper (i) cases where such anaphora is disallowed even when the pronoun’s referents clearly exist and (ii) cases where such anaphora is indeed allowed, even though the pronoun’s referents might not exist. We argue instead that intensional anaphora is best captured using a description-based, rather than a value-based account. We propose that a pronoun presupposes that its corresponding antecedent description is instantiated in each world of the context set. For instance, there must be a cheeseburger being eaten by Andrea in every candidate world of the context set in order for It is large to be felicitous after Andrea might be eating a cheeseburger. We implement our proposal via a new logic (building on work by Keshet 2018, Abney & Keshet 2022) that we name Plural Intensional Presuppositional predicate calculus (or PIP). Each PIP formula translates directly into standard first-order predicate calculus with set abstraction, providing a classical foundation for this work.", "publicationTitle": "Semantics and Pragmatics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2024-07-14", "volume": "17", "issue": "9", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "S&P", "DOI": "10.3765/sp.17.9", "citationKey": "Keshet:2024", "url": "http://semprag.org/article/view/sp.17.9", "accessDate": "2024-08-23T19:00:07Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1937-8912", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "UTIMNMEY" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-08-23T19:00:17Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:16Z" } }, { "key": "5QU2D2X8", "version": 8956, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/5QU2D2X8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/5QU2D2X8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Matushansky", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "5QU2D2X8", "version": 8956, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "On the linguistic complexity of proper names", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ora", "lastName": "Matushansky" } ], "abstractNote": "While proper names in argument positions have received a lot of attention, this cannot be said about proper names in the naming construction, as in ‘‘Call me Al’’. I argue that in a number of more or less familiar languages the syntax of naming constructions is such that proper names there have to be analyzed as predicates, whose content mentions the name itself (cf. ‘‘quotation theories’’). If proper names can enter syntax as predicates, then in argument positions they should have a complex structure, consisting of a determiner and its restriction, like common nouns (cf. ‘‘definite description theories of proper names’’). Further consideration of the compositional semantics of proper names in the naming construction also shows that they have another argument slot, that of the naming convention. As a result, we will be able to account for the indexicality of proper names in argument positions and provide compositional semantics of complex and modified proper names (e.g., the famous detective Sherlock Holmes).", "publicationTitle": "Linguistics and Philosophy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "10/2008", "volume": "31", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "573-627", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Linguist and Philos", "DOI": "10.1007/s10988-008-9050-1", "citationKey": "Matushansky:2008", "url": "http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10988-008-9050-1", "accessDate": "2024-08-20T17:38:19Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-0157, 1573-0549", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/2.0", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-08-20T17:38:19Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:16Z" } }, { "key": "HSD6UWRT", "version": 8956, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/HSD6UWRT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/HSD6UWRT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Matushansky", "parsedDate": "2015", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HSD6UWRT", "version": 8956, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Other Francis Bacon: On Non-BARE Proper Names", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ora", "lastName": "Matushansky" } ], "abstractNote": "In this paper I provide novel arguments for the predicative approach to proper names, which claims that argument proper names are definite descriptions containing a naming predicate (the individual called X). I first argue that modified proper names, such as the incomparable Maria Callas or the other Francis Bacon cannot be handled on the hypothesis that argument proper names have no internal structure and uniformly denote entities. I then discuss cases like every Adolf, which would normally be interpreted as every individual named Adolf and show that the predicative approach to proper names can straightforwardly account for the distribution of a detectable naming component in proper names. Finally, I address the issue of proper names used as common nouns (such as a Rembrandt or the new Madonna) and plural proper names (e.g., the Beatles) and demonstrate that they do not form a homogenous group yet can be clearly distinguished on both syntactic and semantic grounds from proper names involving a detectable naming component.", "publicationTitle": "Erkenntnis", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "5/2015", "volume": "80", "issue": "S2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "335-362", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Erkenn", "DOI": "10.1007/s10670-014-9703-0", "citationKey": "Matushansky:2015", "url": "http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10670-014-9703-0", "accessDate": "2024-08-20T17:38:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-0106, 1572-8420", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Other Francis Bacon", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-08-20T17:38:18Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:16Z" } }, { "key": "AB63ISYC", "version": 8956, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/AB63ISYC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/AB63ISYC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Muñoz", "parsedDate": "2019-11-15", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AB63ISYC", "version": 8956, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The proprial article and the semantics of names", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Patrick", "lastName": "Muñoz" } ], "abstractNote": "The proprial article is a functional item that occurs in a number of languages alongside names to the general exclusion of other nouns. In the following I present an account of the semantic function of this article, and how it interacts with names as nouns to form referential expressions in argument position. In particular, I suggest that in line with what a number of researchers have claimed, names generally are count nouns in the lexicon, denoting the property of bearing the name in question. The proprial article then composes with name NPs of a certain sort to yield proprial DPs that rigidly denote individuals, which are presupposed to bear the name in question at their world of use. It follows that ordinary referential names in argument position are not definite descriptions, as related approaches to the semantics of names often suppose, and that the proprial article is a functional element distinct from the definite article. This schema is applied to DP languages with article systems generally: all such languages are taken to have the proprial article, whether it appears overtly or covertly, and to make use of proprial DPs for reference using names. The machinery used further allows for a model-theoretically precise and intuitively compelling characterization of name-bearing.", "publicationTitle": "Semantics and Pragmatics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2019-11-15", "volume": "12", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-36", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "S&P", "DOI": "10.3765/sp.12.6", "citationKey": "Munoz:2019a", "url": "http://semprag.org/article/view/sp.12.6", "accessDate": "2024-08-20T17:38:17Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1937-8912", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-08-20T17:38:17Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:16Z" } }, { "key": "JPVE9YLP", "version": 8539, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/JPVE9YLP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/JPVE9YLP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Paparounas", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JPVE9YLP", "version": 8539, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Implicit complements, ellipsis, and incorporation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lefteris", "lastName": "Paparounas" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "10", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "Paparounas:k", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "⛔ No DOI found", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "NI93P3CU" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-07-15T17:49:37Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:16Z" } }, { "key": "WBL6EENR", "version": 8527, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/WBL6EENR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/WBL6EENR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Paparounas", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "WBL6EENR", "version": 8527, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Diagnosing implicit arguments", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lefteris", "lastName": "Paparounas" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "4", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "Paparounas:a", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "⛔ No DOI found", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "NI93P3CU" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2021-02-03T13:39:40Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:16Z" } }, { "key": "MKUQI4RS", "version": 8956, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/MKUQI4RS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/MKUQI4RS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mankowitz", "parsedDate": "2023", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MKUQI4RS", "version": 8956, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Experimenting with every American king", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Poppy", "lastName": "Mankowitz" } ], "abstractNote": "The standard contemporary semantics for ‘every’ predict the truth of occurrences of sentences with restrictors that denote the empty set, such as ‘Every American king lives in New York’. The literature on empty restrictors has been concerned with explaining a particular violation of this prediction: many assessors consider emptyrestrictor sentences to be odd rather than valued, and they are apparently more likely to do so when such sentences include determiners like ‘every’ as opposed to those like ‘no’. Empirical investigation of this issue is overdue, and I present the results of three experimental surveys. The first unexpected outcome is that there is no evidence of a contrast in assessors’ tendencies to judge sentences to be odd based on determiner type. An additional surprising result is that those assessors who assign a truth value to sentences where ‘every’ combines with an empty restrictor overwhelmingly assign the value false. The full results do not fit straightforwardly with any existing account.", "publicationTitle": "Natural Language Semantics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "12/2023", "volume": "31", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "349-387", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nat Lang Semantics", "DOI": "10.1007/s11050-023-09211-2", "citationKey": "Mankowitz:2023", "url": "https://link.springer.com/10.1007/s11050-023-09211-2", "accessDate": "2024-08-20T13:51:14Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0925-854X, 1572-865X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "RLNHA6BL" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-08-20T13:51:14Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:15Z" } }, { "key": "Y72R3GP5", "version": 8955, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/Y72R3GP5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/Y72R3GP5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 269352, "username": "florentinoz", "name": "Florian Schwarz", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/florentinoz", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kamp", "parsedDate": "1995", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "Y72R3GP5", "version": 8955, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Prototype theory and compositionality", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H", "lastName": "Kamp" } ], "abstractNote": "Osherson and Smith (1981, Cognition, 11,237-262) discuss a number of problems which arise for a prototype-based account of the meanings of simple and complex concepts. Assuming that concept combination in such a theory is to be analyzed in terms of fuzzy logic, they show that some complex concepts inevitably get assigned the wrong meanings. In the present paper we argue that many of the problems O&S discovered are due to difficulties that are intrinsic to fuzzy set theory, and that most of them disappear when fuzzy logic is replaced by supervaluation theory. However, even after this replacement one of O&S's central problems remains: the theory still predicts that the degree to which an object is an instance of, say, \"striped apple\" must be less than or equal to both the degree to which it is an instance of \"striped\" and the degree to which it is an instance of \"apple\", but this constraint conflicts with O&S's experimental results. The second part of the paper explores ways of solving this and related problems. This leads us to suggest a number of distinctions and principles concerning how prototypicality and other mechanisms interact and which seem important for semantics generally. Prominent among these are (i) the distinction between on the one hand the logical and semantic properties of concepts and on the other the linguistic that between concepts for which the extension is determined by their prototype and concepts for which extension and prototypicality are independent.", "publicationTitle": "Cognition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "11/1995", "volume": "57", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "129-191", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cognition", "DOI": "10.1016/0010-0277(94)00659-9", "citationKey": "Kamp:1995b", "url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0010027794006599", "accessDate": "2024-08-20T14:14:58Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00100277", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "https://www.elsevier.com/tdm/userlicense/1.0/", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "RLNHA6BL" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2024-08-20T14:14:58Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:15Z" } }, { "key": "9X7VGPBP", "version": 8944, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/9X7VGPBP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/9X7VGPBP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5952357, "username": "akalom", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/akalom", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Coppock and Beaver", "parsedDate": "2015", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "9X7VGPBP", "version": 8944, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Definiteness and determinacy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elizabeth", "lastName": "Coppock" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Beaver" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper distinguishes between definiteness and determinacy. Definiteness is seen as a morphological category which, in English, marks a (weak) uniqueness presupposition, while determinacy consists in denoting an individual. Definite descriptions are argued to be fundamentally predicative, presupposing uniqueness but not existence, and to acquire existential import through general type-shifting operations that apply not only to definites, but also indefinites and possessives. Through these shifts, argumental definite descriptions may become either determinate (and thus denote an individual) or indeterminate (functioning as an existential quantifier). The latter option is observed in examples like ‘Anna didn’t give the only invited talk at the conference’, which, on its indeterminate reading, implies that there is nothing in the extension of ‘only invited talk at the conference’. The paper also offers a resolution of the issue of whether possessives are inherently indefinite or definite, suggesting that, like indefinites, they do not mark definiteness lexically, but like definites, they typically yield determinate readings due to a general preference for the shifting operation that produces them.", "publicationTitle": "Linguistics and Philosophy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "10/2015", "volume": "38", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "377-435", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Linguist and Philos", "DOI": "10.1007/s10988-015-9178-8", "citationKey": "Coppock:2015a", "url": "http://link.springer.com/10.1007/s10988-015-9178-8", "accessDate": "2023-07-12T03:14:17Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-0157, 1573-0549", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "CTWD584C" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-07-12T03:14:17Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:15Z" } }, { "key": "3B93XV25", "version": 8944, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/3B93XV25", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/3B93XV25", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5952357, "username": "akalom", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/akalom", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dayal", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3B93XV25", "version": 8944, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Number Marking and (in)Definiteness in Kind Terms", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Veneeta", "lastName": "Dayal" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper explores the link between number marking and (in)definiteness in nominals and their interpretation. Differences between bare singulars and plurals in languages without determiners are explained by treating bare nominals as kind terms. Differences arise, it is argued, because singular and plural kinds relate differently to their instantiations. In languages with determiners, singular kinds typically occur with the definite determiner, but plural/mass kinds can be bare in some languages and definite in others. An account of singular kinds in terms of taxonomic readings is proposed, with number marking playing a crucial role in explaining the obligatory presence of the determiner. The variation between languages with respect to plural/mass kinds is explained by positing a universal scale of definiteness, with individual languages choosing different cut-off points for lexicalization of the definite determiner. The possibility of further cross-linguistic variation is also considered.", "publicationTitle": "Linguistics and Philosophy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "08/2004", "volume": "27", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "393-450", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Linguistics and Philosophy", "DOI": "10.1023/B:LING.0000024420.80324.67", "citationKey": "Dayal:2004a", "url": "http://link.springer.com/10.1023/B:LING.0000024420.80324.67", "accessDate": "2023-07-12T03:18:00Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-0157", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "693EVP98" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-07-12T03:18:00Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:15Z" } }, { "key": "QIK3CIF8", "version": 8943, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/QIK3CIF8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/QIK3CIF8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5952357, "username": "akalom", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/akalom", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hoeks and Roelofsen", "parsedDate": "2020-01-12", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "QIK3CIF8", "version": 8943, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Coordinating questions: The scope puzzle", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Morwenna", "lastName": "Hoeks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Floris", "lastName": "Roelofsen" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper introduces a new puzzle concerning the interaction between questions on the one hand, and conjunction and disjunction on the other. It shows that a conjunction of two polar interrogative clauses is interpreted so that each conjunct involves a polar question operator and the conjunction takes scope over these, whereas a disjunction of two polar interrogative clauses can only be interpreted as involving a single polar question operator scoping over the disjunction. In other words, two full-fledged polar questions each including their own question operator can be conjoined, but cannot be disjoined. We argue that the source of this contrast is semantic (rather than syntactic, pragmatic, or other), and we formulate two general constraints on question meanings which can each account for it. The first, based on Fox (2018), requires that the resolutions of a question are related in a particular way to the cells of the partition that the question induces on the context set. The second requires that the exhaustive interpretation of a consistent resolution of the question is never inconsistent. We leave open which of these two constraints is to be preferred.", "publicationTitle": "Semantics and Linguistic Theory", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2020-01-12", "volume": "29", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "562", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "SALT", "DOI": "10.3765/salt.v29i0.4632", "citationKey": "Hoeks:2020", "url": "https://journals.linguisticsociety.org/proceedings/index.php/SALT/article/view/29.562", "accessDate": "2023-07-12T03:27:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2163-5951", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Coordinating questions", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "693EVP98" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-07-12T03:27:18Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:15Z" } }, { "key": "48YIUGI5", "version": 8943, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, "name": "SchwarzLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/51332/items/48YIUGI5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/schwarzlab/items/48YIUGI5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 5952357, "username": "akalom", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/akalom", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 5981928, "username": "paparounas", "name": "Lefteris Paparounas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paparounas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Groenendijk and Stokhof", "parsedDate": "1991", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "48YIUGI5", "version": 8943, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Dynamic predicate logic", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeroen", "lastName": "Groenendijk" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Martin", "lastName": "Stokhof" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Linguistics and Philosophy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2/1991", "volume": "14", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "39-100", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Linguist Philos", "DOI": "10.1007/BF00628304", "citationKey": "Groenendijk:1991", "url": "http://link.springer.com/10.1007/BF00628304", "accessDate": "2023-07-12T03:25:35Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-0157, 1573-0549", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "CTWD584C" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-07-12T03:25:35Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-16T18:51:15Z" } }, { "key": "4CGEUT5P", "version": 8943, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 51332, 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