[ { "key": "HVSD4GQW", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/HVSD4GQW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/HVSD4GQW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wilson et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HVSD4GQW", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Beyond superior temporal cortex: intersubject correlations in narrative speech comprehension", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "SM", "lastName": "Wilson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "I", "lastName": "Molnar-Szakacs" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M", "lastName": "Iacoboni" } ], "abstractNote": "The role of superior temporal cortex in speech comprehension is well established, but the complete network of regions involved in understanding language in ecologically valid contexts is less clearly understood. In a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, we presented 24 subjects with auditory or audiovisual narratives, and used model-free intersubject correlational analyses to reveal brain areas that were modulated in a consistent way across subjects during the narratives. Conventional comparisons to a resting state were also performed. Both analyses showed the expected recruitment of superior temporal areas, however, the intersubject correlational analyses also revealed an extended network of areas involved in narrative speech comprehension. Two findings stand out in particular. Firstly, many areas in the \"default mode\" network (typically deactivated relative to rest) were systematically modulated by the time-varying properties of the auditory or audiovisual input. These areas included the anterior cingulate and adjacent medial frontal cortex, and the posterior cingulate and adjacent precuneus. Secondly, extensive bilateral inferior frontal and premotor regions were implicated in auditory as well as audiovisual language comprehension. This extended network of regions may be important for higher-level linguistic processes, and interfaces with extralinguistic cognitive, affective, and interpersonal systems.", "publicationTitle": "Cerebral cortex (New York, NY : 1991)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 01, 2008", "volume": "18", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "230-42", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cereb Cortex", "DOI": "10.1093/cercor/bhm049", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://cercor.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/18/1/230", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1047-3211", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0075", "rights": "", "extra": "17504783; bhm049", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Auditory Perception" }, { "tag": "Cerebral Cortex" }, { "tag": "Evoked Potentials" }, { "tag": "Female" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Speech Perception" }, { "tag": "Statistics as Topic" }, { "tag": "Temporal Lobe" }, { "tag": "Visual Perception" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:07Z" } }, { "key": "HRSPMTK4", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/HRSPMTK4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/HRSPMTK4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Börgers et al.", "parsedDate": "2005-05-10", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HRSPMTK4", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Background gamma rhythmicity and attention in cortical local circuits: a computational study", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Börgers" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Epstein" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Kopell" } ], "abstractNote": "We describe a simple computational model, based on generic features of cortical local circuits, that links cholinergic neuromodulation, gamma rhythmicity, and attentional selection. We propose that cholinergic modulation, by reducing adaptation currents in principal cells, induces a transition from asynchronous spontaneous activity to a \"background\" gamma rhythm (resembling the persistent gamma rhythms evoked in vitro by cholinergic agonists) in which individual principal cells participate infrequently and irregularly. We suggest that such rhythms accompany states of preparatory attention or vigilance and report simulations demonstrating that their presence can amplify stimulus-specific responses and enhance stimulus competition within a local circuit.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 10, 2005", "volume": "102", "issue": "19", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7002-7", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proc Natl Acad Sci USA", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0502366102", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15870189", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0141", "rights": "", "extra": "15870189", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals" }, { "tag": "Biophysics" }, { "tag": "Cholinergic Fibers" }, { "tag": "Computer Simulation" }, { "tag": "Electrophysiology" }, { "tag": "Models: Neurological" }, { "tag": "Nerve Net" }, { "tag": "Neurons" }, { "tag": "Oscillometry" }, { "tag": "Software" }, { "tag": "Synapses" }, { "tag": "Time Factors" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:06Z" } }, { "key": "GTT8RMEN", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/GTT8RMEN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/GTT8RMEN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Terao and Ugawa", "parsedDate": "2002", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "GTT8RMEN", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Basic mechanisms of TMS", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Terao" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ugawa" } ], "abstractNote": "Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is now established as an important noninvasive measure for neurophysiologic investigation of the central and peripheral nervous systems in humans. Magnetic stimulation can be used for stimulating peripheral nerves with a similar mechanism of activation as for electrical stimulation. When TMS is applied to the cerebral cortex, however, some features emerge that distinguish it from transcranial electrical stimulation. One of the most important features is designated the D and I wave hypothesis, which is now widely accepted as a mechanism of TMS of the motor cortex. Transcranial electrical stimulation excites the pyramidal tract axons directly, either at the initial segment of the neuron or at proximal internodes in the subcortical white matter, giving rise to D (direct) waves, whereas TMS excites the pyramidal neurons transsynaptically, giving rise to I (indirect) waves. There are still other phenomena with mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. First, not only excitatory effects but also inhibitory effects can be elicited by TMS of the cerebral cortex (e.g., the silent period and intracortical inhibition). The inhibitory effect may also be used to investigate cerebral functions other than the motor cortex, such as the visual, sensory cortices, and the frontal eye field, from which no overt response like the motor evoked potential can be elicited. Second, there is an abundance of intraregional functional connectivities among different cortical areas that can also be revealed by TMS, or TMS in combination with neuroimaging techniques. Last, repetitive transcranial stimulation exerts a lasting effect on brain function even after the stimulation has ceased. With further investigation of the neural mechanisms of TMS, these techniques will open up new possibilities for investigating the physiologic function of the brain as well as opportunities for clinical application.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of clinical neurophysiology : official publication of the American Electroencephalographic Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2002", "volume": "19", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "322-43", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Clin Neurophysiol", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=12436088", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1537-1603", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0129", "rights": "", "extra": "12436088", "tags": [ { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Brain Stem" }, { "tag": "Cerebellum" }, { "tag": "Cerebral Cortex" }, { "tag": "Electric Stimulation" }, { "tag": "Electrophysiology" }, { "tag": "Evoked Potentials: Motor" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Magnetics" }, { "tag": "Motor Cortex" }, { "tag": "Motor Neurons" }, { "tag": "Peripheral Nerves" }, { "tag": "Pyramidal Tracts" }, { "tag": "Somatosensory Cortex" }, { "tag": "Visual Cortex" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:05Z" } }, { "key": "GET79RVB", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/GET79RVB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/GET79RVB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Feuillet et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-07-21", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "GET79RVB", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain of a white-collar worker", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Feuillet" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Dufour" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Pelletier" } ], "abstractNote": "A 44-year-old man presented with a 2-week history of mild left leg weakness. At the age of 6 months, he had undergone a ventriculoatrial shunt, because of postnatal hydrocephalus of unknown cause. When he was 14 years old, he developed ataxia and paresis of the left leg, which resolved entirely after shunt revision. His neurological development and medical history were otherwise normal. He was a married father of two children, and worked as a civil servant. On neuropsychological testing, he proved to have an intelligence quotient (IQ) of 75: his verbal IQ was 84, and his performance IQ 70. CT showed severe dilatation of the lateral ventricles; MRI revealed massive enlargement of the lateral, third, and fourth ventricles, a very thin cortical mantle and a posterior fossa cyst. We diagnosed a non-communicating hydrocephalus, with probable stenosis of Magendie's foramen. The leg weakness improved partly after neuroendoscopic ventriculocisternostomy, but soon recurred; however, after a ventriculoperitoneal shunt was inserted, the findings on neurological examination became normal within a few weeks. The findings on neuropsychological testing and CT did not change.", "publicationTitle": "Lancet", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 21, 2007", "volume": "370", "issue": "9583", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "262", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Lancet", "DOI": "10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61127-1", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17658396", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0029", "rights": "", "extra": "17658396", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Hydrocephalus" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Ventriculostomy" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:04Z" } }, { "key": "FGPJRPTC", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/FGPJRPTC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/FGPJRPTC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wróbel", "parsedDate": "2000-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FGPJRPTC", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Beta activity: a carrier for visual attention", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Wróbel" } ], "abstractNote": "The alpha (8-13 Hz), beta (15-25 Hz) and gamma (30-60 Hz) bands of the EEG have been long studied clinically because of their putative functional importance. Old experimental results indicate that repetitive stimulation of the visual pathway evokes synchronous responses at the cortical level with a gain that depends on frequency; oscillations within relevant bands are less damped at subsequent processing levels than others. Our current results show in the cat that cortico-geniculate feedback has a build-in potentiation mechanism that operates at around the beta frequency and activates thalamic cells thus lowering the threshold for visual information transmission. We have also shown that enhanced beta activity is propagated along this feedback pathway solely during attentive visual behavior. This activity consists of 300-1,000 ms bursts that correlate in time with gamma oscillatory events. Beta-bursting activity spreads to all investigated visual centers, including the lateral posterior and pulvinar complex and higher cortical areas. Other supporting data are discussed that are concerned with the enhanced beta activity during attentive-like behavior of various species, including humans. Finally, we put forward a general hypothesis which attributes the appearance of oscillations within the alpha, beta and gamma bands to different activation states of the visual system. According to this hypothesis, alpha activity characterizes idle arousal of the system, while beta bursts shift the system to an attention state that consequently allows for gamma synchronization and perception.", "publicationTitle": "Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 01, 2000", "volume": "60", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "247-60", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Acta neurobiologiae experimentalis", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=10909182", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0101", "rights": "", "extra": "10909182", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals" }, { "tag": "Attention" }, { "tag": "Beta Rhythm" }, { "tag": "Cats" }, { "tag": "Geniculate Bodies" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Visual Cortex" }, { "tag": "Visual Perception" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:03Z" } }, { "key": "EJ7CR9JJ", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/EJ7CR9JJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/EJ7CR9JJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Engel and Fries", "parsedDate": "2010-04-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "EJ7CR9JJ", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Beta-band oscillations--signalling the status quo?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "AK", "lastName": "Engel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Fries" } ], "abstractNote": "In this review, we consider the potential functional role of beta-band oscillations, which at present is not yet well understood. We discuss evidence from recent studies on top-down mechanisms involved in cognitive processing, on the motor system and on the pathophysiology of movement disorders that suggest a unifying hypothesis: beta-band activity seems related to the maintenance of the current sensorimotor or cognitive state. We hypothesize that beta oscillations and/or coupling in the beta-band are expressed more strongly if the maintenance of the status quo is intended or predicted, than if a change is expected. Moreover, we suggest that pathological enhancement of beta-band activity is likely to result in an abnormal persistence of the status quo and a deterioration of flexible behavioural and cognitive control.", "publicationTitle": "Current opinion in neurobiology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 01, 2010", "volume": "20", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "156-65", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Curr Opin Neurobiol", "DOI": "10.1016/j.conb.2010.02.015", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science?_ob=ArticleURL&_udi=B6VS3-4YRBW6R-1&_user=4430&_coverDate=04%252F30%252F2010&_rdoc=1&_fmt=high&_orig=search&_sort=d&_docanchor=&view=c&_acct=C000059594&_version=1&_urlVersion=0&_userid=4430&md5=56c8febd0359b1346e1bb0c6eba5486f", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0959-4388", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0146", "rights": "", "extra": "20359884; S0959-4388(10)00039-5", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:02Z" } }, { "key": "E8CJP4DP", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/E8CJP4DP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/E8CJP4DP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brovelli et al.", "parsedDate": "2004-06-29", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "E8CJP4DP", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Beta oscillations in a large-scale sensorimotor cortical network: directional influences revealed by Granger causality", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Brovelli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ding" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ledberg" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Chen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Nakamura" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S", "lastName": "Bressler" } ], "abstractNote": "Previous studies have shown that synchronized beta frequency (14-30 Hz) oscillations in the primary motor cortex are involved in maintaining steady contractions of contralateral arm and hand muscles. However, little is known about the role of postcentral cortical areas in motor maintenance and their patterns of interaction with motor cortex. We investigated the functional relations of beta-synchronized neuronal assemblies in pre- and postcentral areas of two monkeys as they pressed a hand lever during the wait period of a visual discrimination task. By using power and coherence spectral analysis, we identified a beta-synchronized large-scale network linking pre- and postcentral areas. We then used Granger causality spectra to measure directional influences among recording sites. In both monkeys, strong Granger causal influences were observed from primary somatosensory cortex to both motor cortex and inferior posterior parietal cortex, with the latter area also exerting Granger causal influences on motor cortex. Granger causal influences from motor cortex to postcentral sites, however, were weak in one monkey and not observed in the other. These results are the first, to our knowledge, to demonstrate in awake monkeys that synchronized beta oscillations bind multiple sensorimotor areas into a large-scale network during motor maintenance behavior and carry Granger causal influences from primary somatosensory and inferior posterior parietal cortices to motor cortex.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 29, 2004", "volume": "101", "issue": "26", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "9849-54", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proc Natl Acad Sci USA", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0308538101", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15210971", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0406", "rights": "", "extra": "15210971", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals" }, { "tag": "Macaca mulatta" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Motor Cortex" }, { "tag": "Nerve Net" }, { "tag": "Photic Stimulation" }, { "tag": "Psychomotor Performance" }, { "tag": "Somatosensory Cortex" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:01Z" } }, { "key": "DWKGEAH9", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/DWKGEAH9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/DWKGEAH9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Thomsen et al.", "parsedDate": "2004-06-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "DWKGEAH9", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain localization of attentional control in different age groups by combining functional and structural MRI", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Thomsen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K", "lastName": "Specht" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Rimol" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Hammar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Nyttingnes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ersland" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K", "lastName": "Hugdahl" } ], "abstractNote": "The present study used functional and structural MRI to investigate differences in neuronal substrates underlying shifts of attention in young and old subjects, studied with dichotic listening. Two different consonant-vowel syllables were presented and the subjects were instructed to attend to and report from either the left or right ear stimulus. Typically, a right-ear advantage is observed when attending to the right-ear stimulus, and a left-ear advantage when attending to the left-ear stimulus. The behavioral results showed that the old group had difficulties with attentional modulation of the right-ear advantage in the attend left condition. This is interpreted as a failure of an important aspect of attentional control; the top-down biasing of attention for selection of task-relevant stimulus. The fMRI results showed that an area in the left middle frontal gyrus was more activated in the young group compared to the old group in the attend left condition. The structural MRI data showed reduced gray matter density of the same area in the old group. Based on these converging findings, we suggest that the left middle frontal gyrus plays an important role in top-down biasing of selecting task-relevant stimuli, and to inhibit processing of task-irrelevant stimuli. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies addressing the question on how age-related changes in attentional processing is reflected in both functional and structural differences in the brain.", "publicationTitle": "NeuroImage", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 01, 2004", "volume": "22", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "912-9", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Neuroimage", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15193622", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1053-8119", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0050", "rights": "", "extra": "15193622", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Aging/*physiology" }, { "tag": "Brain Mapping/*methods" }, { "tag": "Brain/growth & development/*physiology" }, { "tag": "Female" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging/*methods" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Middle Aged" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:12:00Z" } }, { "key": "DN4BEQDW", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/DN4BEQDW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/DN4BEQDW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bartels and Zeki", "parsedDate": "2005-01-15", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DN4BEQDW", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain dynamics during natural viewing conditions--a new guide for mapping connectivity in vivo", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A", "lastName": "Bartels" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S", "lastName": "Zeki" } ], "abstractNote": "We describe here a new way of obtaining maps of connectivity in the human brain based on interregional correlations of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signal during natural viewing conditions. We propose that anatomical connections are reflected in BOLD signal correlations during natural brain dynamics. This may provide a powerful approach to chart connectivity, more so than that based on the 'resting state' of the human brain, and it may complement diffusion tensor imaging. Our approach relies on natural brain dynamics and is therefore experimentally unbiased and independent of hypothesis-driven, specialized stimuli. It has the advantage that natural viewing leads to considerably stronger cortical activity than rest, thus facilitating detection of weaker connections. To validate our technique, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to record BOLD signal while volunteers freely viewed a movie that was interrupted by resting periods. We used independent component analysis (ICA) to segregate cortical areas before characterizing the dynamics of their BOLD signal during free viewing and rest. Natural viewing and rest each revealed highly specific correlation maps, which reflected known anatomical connections. Examples are homologous regions in visual and auditory cortices in the two hemispheres and the language network consisting of Wernicke's area, Broca's area, and a premotor region. Correlations between regions known to be directly connected were always substantially higher than between nonconnected regions. Furthermore, compared to rest, natural viewing specifically increased correlations between anatomically connected regions while it decreased correlations between nonconnected regions. Our findings therefore demonstrate that natural viewing conditions lead to particularly specific interregional correlations and thus provide a powerful environment to reveal anatomical connectivity in vivo.", "publicationTitle": "NeuroImage", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 15, 2005", "volume": "24", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "339-49", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Neuroimage", "DOI": "10.1016/j.neuroimage.2004.08.044", "citationKey": "", "url": "file://localhost/Users/gazzlab12/Documents/Papers/Bartels/2005/Bartels_Neuroimage-2005.pdf", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1053-8119", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0077", "rights": "", "extra": "15627577; S1053-8119(04)00507-5", "tags": [ { "tag": "Acoustic Stimulation" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Brain Mapping" }, { "tag": "Functional Laterality" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Motion Pictures as Topic" }, { "tag": "Photic Stimulation" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:59Z" } }, { "key": "AQIT7MNB", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/AQIT7MNB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/AQIT7MNB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Terrazas and McNaughton", "parsedDate": "2000-04-25", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AQIT7MNB", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain growth and the cognitive map", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Terrazas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "McNaughton" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 25, 2000", "volume": "97", "issue": "9", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "4414-6", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proc Natl Acad Sci USA", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=10781031", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0021", "rights": "", "extra": "10781031", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Brain Mapping" }, { "tag": "Cognition" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" }, { "tag": "Maze Learning" }, { "tag": "Phrenology" }, { "tag": "Rats" }, { "tag": "Skull" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:58Z" } }, { "key": "AIPQURMF", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/AIPQURMF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/AIPQURMF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lauritzen and Gold", "parsedDate": "2003-05-15", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AIPQURMF", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain function and neurophysiological correlates of signals used in functional neuroimaging", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Lauritzen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Gold" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 15, 2003", "volume": "23", "issue": "10", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3972-80", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Neurosci", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=12764081", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1529-2401", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0155", "rights": "", "extra": "12764081", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Brain Mapping" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" }, { "tag": "Neurons" }, { "tag": "Tomography: Emission-Computed" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:57Z" } }, { "key": "AI7TA98N", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/AI7TA98N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/AI7TA98N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Krause", "parsedDate": "2003-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AI7TA98N", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain Electric Oscillations and Cognitive Processes", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Krause" } ], "abstractNote": "[PDF]", "publicationTitle": "Experimental Methods in Neuropsychology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 01, 2003", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Exp Methods Neuropsychol", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=5111797771459040887", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0023", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:56Z" } }, { "key": "ACMZI2ZG", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/ACMZI2ZG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/ACMZI2ZG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Friston", "parsedDate": "2002-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ACMZI2ZG", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Beyond phrenology: what can neuroimaging tell us about distributed circuitry?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Friston" } ], "abstractNote": "Unsupervised models of how the brain identifies and categorizes the causes of its sensory input can be divided into two classes: those that minimize the mutual information (i.e., redundancy) among evoked responses and those that minimize the prediction error. Although these models have the same goal, the way that goal is attained, and the functional architectures required, are fundamentally different. This review describes the differences, in the functional anatomy of sensory cortical hierarchies, implied by the two models. We then consider how neuroimaging can be used to disambiguate between them. The key distinction reduces to whether backward connections are employed by the brain to generate a prediction of sensory inputs. To ascertain whether backward influences are evident empirically requires a characterization of functional integration among brain systems. This review summarizes the approaches to measuring functional integration in terms of effective connectivity and proceeds to address the question posed by the theoretical considerations. In short, it will be shown that the conjoint manipulation of bottom-up and top-down inputs to an area can be used to test for interactions between them, in elaborating cortical responses. The conclusion, from these sorts of neuroimaging studies, points to the prevalence of top-down influences and the plausibility of generative models of sensory brain function.", "publicationTitle": "Annual review of neuroscience", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 01, 2002", "volume": "25", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "221-50", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Annu Rev Neurosci", "DOI": "10.1146/annurev.neuro.25.112701.142846", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=12052909", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0147-006X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0251", "rights": "", "extra": "12052909", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals" }, { "tag": "Cerebral Cortex" }, { "tag": "Diagnostic Imaging" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Models: Neurological" }, { "tag": "Nerve Net" }, { "tag": "Neural Pathways" }, { "tag": "Neurons" }, { "tag": "Perception" }, { "tag": "Sensation" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:55Z" } }, { "key": "8XVTCKTQ", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/8XVTCKTQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/8XVTCKTQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Vaughan et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-06-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8XVTCKTQ", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain-computer interface technology: a review of the Second International Meeting", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Vaughan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Heetderks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Trejo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Rymer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Weinrich" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Moore" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Kübler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Dobkin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N", "lastName": "Birbaumer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Donchin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Wolpaw" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Wolpaw" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper summarizes the Brain-Computer Interfaces for Communication and Control, The Second International Meeting, held in Rensselaerville, NY, in June 2002. Sponsored by the National Institutes of Health and organized by the Wadsworth Center of the New York State Department of Health, the meeting addressed current work and future plans in brain-computer interface (BCI) research. Ninety-two researchers representing 38 different research groups from the United States, Canada, Europe, and China participated. The BCIs discussed at the meeting use electroencephalographic activity recorded from the scalp or single-neuron activity recorded within cortex to control cursor movement, select letters or icons, or operate neuroprostheses. The central element in each BCI is a translation algorithm that converts electrophysiological input from the user into output that controls external devices. BCI operation depends on effective interaction between two adaptive controllers, the user who encodes his or her commands in the electrophysiological input provided to the BCI, and the BCI that recognizes the commands contained in the input and expresses them in device control. Current BCIs have maximum information transfer rates of up to 25 b/min. Achievement of greater speed and accuracy requires improvements in signal acquisition and processing, in translation algorithms, and in user training. These improvements depend on interdisciplinary cooperation among neuroscientists, engineers, computer programmers, psychologists, and rehabilitation specialists, and on adoption and widespread application of objective criteria for evaluating alternative methods. The practical use of BCI technology will be determined by the development of appropriate applications and identification of appropriate user groups, and will require careful attention to the needs and desires of individual users.", "publicationTitle": "IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 01, 2003", "volume": "11", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "94-109", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "IEEE transactions on neural systems and rehabilitation engineering : a publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=12899247", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0258", "rights": "", "extra": "12899247", "tags": [ { "tag": "Algorithms" }, { "tag": "Artificial Limbs" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Brain Mapping" }, { "tag": "Cerebral Cortex" }, { "tag": "Communication Aids for Disabled" }, { "tag": "Computer Systems" }, { "tag": "Disabled Persons" }, { "tag": "Electroencephalography" }, { "tag": "Evoked Potentials" }, { "tag": "Feedback" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Models: Neurological" }, { "tag": "Neuromuscular Diseases" }, { "tag": "Prostheses and Implants" }, { "tag": "Robotics" }, { "tag": "Self-Help Devices" }, { "tag": "Signal Processing: Computer-Assisted" }, { "tag": "User-Computer Interface" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:54Z" } }, { "key": "8JJ7X3G9", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/8JJ7X3G9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/8JJ7X3G9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ganis et al.", "parsedDate": "2004-07-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8JJ7X3G9", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain areas underlying visual mental imagery and visual perception: an fMRI study", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ganis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Thompson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Kosslyn" } ], "abstractNote": "We used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to assess the maximal degree of shared neural processing in visual mental imagery and visual perception. Participants either visualized or saw faint drawings of simple objects, and then judged specific aspects of the drawings (which could only be evaluated properly if they used the correct stimulus). The results document that visual imagery and visual perception draw on most of the same neural machinery. However, although the vast majority of activated voxels were activated during both conditions, the spatial overlap was neither complete nor uniform; the overlap was much more pronounced in frontal and parietal regions than in temporal and occipital regions. This finding may indicate that cognitive control processes function comparably in both imagery and perception, whereas at least some sensory processes may be engaged differently by visual imagery and perception.", "publicationTitle": "Brain research Cognitive brain research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 01, 2004", "volume": "20", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "226-41", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brain Res Cogn Brain Res", "DOI": "10.1016/j.cogbrainres.2004.02.012", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=15183394", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0926-6410", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0275", "rights": "", "extra": "15183394", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Cerebellum" }, { "tag": "Cerebral Cortex" }, { "tag": "Cognition" }, { "tag": "Female" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Imagination" }, { "tag": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Parietal Lobe" }, { "tag": "Prefrontal Cortex" }, { "tag": "Temporal Lobe" }, { "tag": "Thalamic Nuclei" }, { "tag": "Visual Cortex" }, { "tag": "Visual Perception" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:53Z" } }, { "key": "8DPCAMJG", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/8DPCAMJG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/8DPCAMJG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sapir et al.", "parsedDate": "2005-12-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8DPCAMJG", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain signals for spatial attention predict performance in a motion discrimination task", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Sapir" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "d'Avossa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "McAvoy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Shulman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Corbetta" } ], "abstractNote": "The reliability of visual perception is thought to reflect the quality of the sensory information. However, we show that subjects' performance can be predicted, trial-by-trial, by neural activity that precedes the onset of a sensory stimulus. Using functional MRI (fMRI), we studied how neural mechanisms that mediate spatial attention affect the accuracy of a motion discrimination judgment. The amplitude of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) signals after a cue directing spatial attention predicted subjects' accuracy on 60-75% of the trials. Widespread predictive signals, which included dorsal parietal, visual extra-striate, prefrontal and sensory-motor cortex, depended on whether the cue correctly specified the stimulus location. Therefore, these signals indicate the degree of utilization of the cued information and play a role in the control of spatial attention. We conclude that variability in perceptual performance can be partly explained by the variability in endogenous, preparatory processes and that BOLD signals can be used to forecast human behavior.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "December 06, 2005", "volume": "102", "issue": "49", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "17810-5", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proc Natl Acad Sci USA", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0504678102", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=16306268", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0076", "rights": "", "extra": "16306268", "tags": [ { "tag": "Attention" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Cues" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Motion Perception" }, { "tag": "Oxygen" }, { "tag": "Photic Stimulation" }, { "tag": "Space Perception" }, { "tag": "Time Factors" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:52Z" } }, { "key": "89KA8H66", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/89KA8H66", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/89KA8H66", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Park et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-04-19", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "89KA8H66", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Beyond the edges of a view: boundary extension in human scene-selective visual cortex", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Park" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Intraub" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Yi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Widders" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Chun" } ], "abstractNote": "To allow perception of a continuous world, cortical mechanisms extrapolate missing information with highly constrained predictions about the environment just beyond the edges of a view. Here, we report functional magnetic resonance imaging evidence for extrapolation of scene layout information beyond what was physically presented, an illusion known as boundary extension. Consistent with behavioral reports, we observed boundary extension for scene-selective attenuation in the parahippocampal place area (PPA) and retrosplenial cortex (RSC), but no such extrapolation of object representations in the lateral occipital complex (LOC). These results demonstrate that scene layout representations are extrapolated beyond the confines of the perceptual input. Such extrapolation may facilitate perception of a continuous world from discontinuous views.", "publicationTitle": "Neuron", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 19, 2007", "volume": "54", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "335-42", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Neuron", "DOI": "10.1016/j.neuron.2007.04.006", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=17442252", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0896-6273", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0050", "rights": "", "extra": "17442252", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Data Interpretation: Statistical" }, { "tag": "Female" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Illusions" }, { "tag": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Occipital Lobe" }, { "tag": "Parahippocampal Gyrus" }, { "tag": "Visual Cortex" }, { "tag": "Visual Perception" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:51Z" } }, { "key": "7VPUEJIV", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/7VPUEJIV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/7VPUEJIV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gordon et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-10-29", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "7VPUEJIV", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain metabolism dictates the polarity of astrocyte control over arterioles", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Gordon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Choi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Rungta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Ellis-Davies" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Macvicar" } ], "abstractNote": "Calcium signalling in astrocytes couples changes in neural activity to alterations in cerebral blood flow by eliciting vasoconstriction or vasodilation of arterioles. However, the mechanism for how these opposite astrocyte influences provide appropriate changes in vessel tone within an environment that has dynamic metabolic requirements remains unclear. Here we show that the ability of astrocytes to induce vasodilations over vasoconstrictions relies on the metabolic state of the rat brain tissue. When oxygen availability is lowered and astrocyte calcium concentration is elevated, astrocyte glycolysis and lactate release are maximized. External lactate attenuates transporter-mediated uptake from the extracellular space of prostaglandin E(2), leading to accumulation and subsequent vasodilation. In conditions of low oxygen concentration extracellular adenosine also increases, which blocks astrocyte-mediated constriction, facilitating dilation. These data reveal the role of metabolic substrates in regulating brain blood flow and provide a mechanism for differential astrocyte control over cerebrovascular diameter during different states of brain activation.", "publicationTitle": "Nature", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 29, 2008", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nature", "DOI": "10.1038/nature07525", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=18971930", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1476-4687", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0215", "rights": "", "extra": "18971930", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:50Z" } }, { "key": "7QDSRH6Z", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/7QDSRH6Z", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/7QDSRH6Z", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Laufs et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-07-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "7QDSRH6Z", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "'Brain activation and hypothalamic functional connectivity during human non-rapid eye movement sleep: an EEG/fMRI study'--its limitations and an alternative approach", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H", "lastName": "Laufs" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "MC", "lastName": "Walker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "TE", "lastName": "Lund" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Brain : a journal of neurology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 01, 2007", "volume": "130", "issue": "Pt 7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "e75; author reply e76", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brain", "DOI": "10.1093/brain/awm084", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://brain.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/full/130/7/e75?view=long&pmid=17584775", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1460-2156", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0021", "rights": "", "extra": "17584775; 130/7/e75", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Brain Mapping" }, { "tag": "Electroencephalography" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Hypothalamus" }, { "tag": "Magnetic Resonance Imaging" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Sleep Stages" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:49Z" } }, { "key": "7CNS28T6", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/7CNS28T6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/7CNS28T6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Zhu et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-01-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "7CNS28T6", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain activation during interference resolution in young and older adults: An fMRI study", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Zhu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Zacks" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Slade" } ], "abstractNote": "A rapid event-related fMRI arrow flanker task was used to study aging-associated decline in executive functions related to interference resolution. Older adults had more difficulty responding to Incongruent cues during the flanker task compared to the young adults; the response time difference between the Incongruent and Congruent conditions in the older group was over 50% longer compared to the young adults. In the frontal regions, differential activation (\"Incongruent-Congruent\" conditions) was observed in the inferior and middle frontal gyri in within-group analyses for both groups. However, the cluster was smaller in the older group and the centroid location was shifted by 19.7 mm. The left superior and medial frontal gyri also appeared to be specifically recruited by older adults during interference resolution, partially driven by errors. The frontal right lateralization found in the young adults was maintained in the older adults during successful trials. Interestingly, bilateral activation was observed when error trials were combined with successful trials highlighting the influence of brain activation associated with errors during cognitive processing. In conclusion, aging appears to result in modified functional regions that may contribute to reduced interference resolution. In addition, error processing should be considered and accounted for when studying age-related cognitive changes as errors may confound the interpretation of task specific age-related activation differences.", "publicationTitle": "NeuroImage", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 04, 2010", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Neuroimage", "DOI": "10.1016/j.neuroimage.2009.12.087", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=20045067", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1053-8119", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0008", "rights": "", "extra": "20045067", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:48Z" } }, { "key": "6MIB4V7M", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/6MIB4V7M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/6MIB4V7M", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Guze", "parsedDate": "1989-05-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "6MIB4V7M", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Biological psychiatry: is there any other kind?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Guze" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Psychological Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 01, 1989", "volume": "19", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "315-23", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Psychol Med", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=2762437", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0101", "rights": "", "extra": "2762437", "tags": [ { "tag": "Biological Psychiatry" }, { "tag": "Brain" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Internship and Residency" }, { "tag": "Mental Disorders" }, { "tag": "Psychotherapy" }, { "tag": "Risk Factors" }, { "tag": "United States" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:47Z" } }, { "key": "6G9A5KSM", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/6G9A5KSM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/6G9A5KSM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Salmi et al.", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "6G9A5KSM", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Brain networks of bottom-up triggered and top-down controlled shifting of auditory attention", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Salmi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Rinne" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Koistinen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Salonen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Alho" } ], "abstractNote": "During functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), our participants selectively attended to tone streams at the left or right, and occasionally shifted their attention from one stream to another as guided by a centrally presented visual cue. Duration changes in the to-be-attended stream served as targets. Loudness deviating tones (LDTs) occurred infrequently in both streams to catch attention in a bottom-up manner, as indicated by their effects on reaction times to targets. LDTs activated the right temporo-parietal junction (TPJ), posterior parts of the left inferior/middle frontal gyrus (IFG/MFG), ventromedial parts of the superior parietal lobule (SPL), and left frontal eye field/premotor cortex (FEF/PMC). In addition, LDTs in the to-be-ignored sound stream were associated with enhanced activity in the ventromedial prefrontal cortex (VMPFC) possibly related to evaluation of the distracting event. Top-down controlled cue-guided attention shifts (CASs) activated bilateral areas in the SPL, intraparietal sulcus (IPS), FEF/PMC, TPJ, IFG/MFG, and cingulate/medial frontal gyrus, and crus I/II of the cerebellum. Thus, our results suggest that in audition top-down controlled and bottom-up triggered shifting of attention activate largely overlapping temporo-parietal, superior parietal and frontal areas. As the IPS, superior parts of the SPL, and crus I/II were activated specifically by top-down controlled attention shifts, and the VMPFC was specifically activated by bottom-up triggered attention shifts, our results also suggest some differences between auditory top-down controlled and bottom-up triggered shifting of attention.", "publicationTitle": "Brain research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2009", "volume": "1286", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "155-64", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brain Res", "DOI": "10.1016/j.brainres.2009.06.083", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=19577551", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0006-8993", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0027", "rights": "", "extra": "19577551", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:46Z" } }, { "key": "6EPCUDAQ", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/6EPCUDAQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/6EPCUDAQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rathakrishnan et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-06-07", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6EPCUDAQ", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "BOLD signal changes preceding negative responses in EEG-fMRI in patients with focal epilepsy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R", "lastName": "Rathakrishnan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F", "lastName": "Moeller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P", "lastName": "Levan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F", "lastName": "Dubeau" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J", "lastName": "Gotman" } ], "abstractNote": "Summary Purpose: In simultaneous electroencephalography (EEG) and functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), increased neuronal activity from epileptiform spikes commonly elicits positive blood oxygenation level-dependent (BOLD) responses. Negative responses are also occasionally seen and have not been explained. Recent studies describe BOLD signal changes before focal EEG spikes. We aimed to systematically study if the undershoot of a preceding positive response might explain the negative BOLD seen in the focus. Methods: Eighty-two patients with focal epilepsy who underwent EEG-fMRI at 3T were retrospectively studied. Studies with a focal negative BOLD response in the region of the spike field were reanalyzed using models with hemodynamic response functions (HRFs) peaking from -9 to +9 s around the spike. Results: Eight patients met the inclusion criteria, showing negative BOLD responses in the spike field on standard analysis. None had positive BOLD responses immediately adjacent to the areas of deactivation. Regions of deactivation were found to have congruent preceding positive responses in two cases. These early activations were seen at the combined maps of -5 to -9 s. Discussion: This study indicates that in a small proportion of patients with focal epilepsy in whom the standard analysis reveals focal negative responses, an earlier positive BOLD response is probably the cause. The origin of negative BOLD signal changes in the focus as a result of an epileptic event remains, however, unexplained in most of the patients in whom it occurs.", "publicationTitle": "Epilepsia", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 07, 2010", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Epilepsia", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02643.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1528-1167", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0015", "rights": "", "extra": "20550554; EPI2643", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:45Z" } }, { "key": "53BHDU44", "version": 3123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/53BHDU44", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/53BHDU44", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sakowitz et al.", "parsedDate": "2001-04-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "53BHDU44", "version": 3123, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Bisensory stimulation increases gamma-responses over multiple cortical regions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Sakowitz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Quiroga" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Schürmann" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Başar" } ], "abstractNote": "In the framework of the discussion about gamma (approx. 40 Hz) oscillations as information carriers in the brain, we investigated the relationship between gamma responses in the EEG and intersensory association. Auditory evoked potentials (AEPs) and visual evoked potentials (VEPs) were compared with bisensory evoked potentials (BEPs; simultaneous auditory and visual stimulation) in 15 subjects. Gamma responses in AEPs, VEPs and BEPs were assessed by means of wavelet decomposition. Overall maximum gamma-components post-stimulus were highest in BEPs (P < 0.01). Bisensory evoked gamma-responses also showed significant central, parietal and occipital amplitude-increases (P < 0.001, P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively; prestimulus interval as baseline). These were of greater magnitude when compared with the unisensory responses. As a correlate of the marked gamma responses to bimodal stimulation we suggest a process of 'intersensory association', i.e. one of the steps between sensory transmission and perception. Our data may be interpreted as a further example of function-related gamma responses in the EEG.", "publicationTitle": "Brain research Cognitive brain research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 01, 2001", "volume": "11", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "267-79", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brain Res Cogn Brain Res", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?db=pubmed&cmd=Retrieve&dopt=AbstractPlus&list_uids=11275488", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0926-6410", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0049", "rights": "", "extra": "11275488", "tags": [ { "tag": "Acoustic Stimulation" }, { "tag": "Adult" }, { "tag": "Auditory Perception" }, { "tag": "Electroencephalography" }, { "tag": "Evoked Potentials: Auditory" }, { "tag": "Evoked Potentials: Visual" }, { "tag": "Female" }, { "tag": "Humans" }, { "tag": "Male" }, { "tag": "Oscillometry" }, { "tag": "Photic Stimulation" }, { "tag": "Visual Perception" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2013-04-04T10:11:44Z" } }, { "key": "BTCD8FAD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 46302, "name": "Cognitive Neuroscience", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/46302/items/BTCD8FAD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/cognitive_neuroscience/items/BTCD8FAD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 621162, "username": "MRubens", "name": "Michael T Rubens", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mrubens", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 253827, "username": "casaobscura", "name": "Serkan Barut", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/casaobscura", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2009-11-19", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BTCD8FAD", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Background television and reading memory in context", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 19, 2009", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "26", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "file://localhost/Users/gazzlab12/Documents/Papers/Unknown/2009/2009-22.pdf", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "0000", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-05-28T03:34:42Z", "dateModified": "2012-11-02T07:41:56Z" } } ]