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            "title": "Geotourism and Geoeducation Potential of the Oyemekun Charnockitic Massif of Akure Area, Southwest Nigeria",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Olumuyiwa Michael",
                    "lastName": "Ajibade"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Adegoke Olukayode",
                    "lastName": "Afolabi"
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                    "firstName": "Seun Damola",
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                    "firstName": "Tesleem Olalekan",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Comfort Boluwaji",
                    "lastName": "Adegoke"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Adedayo Abdullahi",
                    "lastName": "Adesiyan"
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            "abstractNote": "Animalia graphics in rocks are uncommon features that are rarely included as a component of geodiversity and hence largely undocumented. Unlike artificially carved petroglyphs, animalia rock arts, such as those observed at Oyemekun tourist centre, are natural imitations of animals formed by intrusive quartzofeldspathic veins within charnockite massifs. The Oyemekun massifs in Akure, occur within the southwestern part of the Precambrian Basement Complex of Nigeria. These massifs, dominated by high-grade charnockitic plutons, are exposed as inselbergs, whale-back hills, locally brecciated outcrops that are intruded by several quartzofeldspathic and pegmatitic veins. Field data revealed sharp lithologic contacts between these granitoids and the older and adjacent Archean to Early Proterozoic migmatite–gneiss while petrographical observations showed that the charnockites contained orthopyroxene (hypersthene), hornblende, biotite, quartz and plagioclase in a granoblastic groundmass, with zircon minerals occurring in accessory amounts. The pegmatitic quartzofeldspathic veins, ranging in size from a few millimetres to tens of centimetres, form graphic intergrowths mimicking animal shape-profiles such as patterns of dove, mermaid, and reptiles. Other geomorphologic rock art features of interest include inselbergs that outcropped as a whale with barnacles, the snout of a pig, and a dolphin imitation. Although, the Akure charnockite massif has been studied for its mineralogy, geochemistry and lithological association with other basement rocks, especially the migmatite gneiss complex, they have not been studied for their geotourism and geoconservation potential. This work presents the animalia graphic of the Oyemekun massifs and attempts to provide interpretive storytelling in the form of geoeducation materials that explain magma flow and viscosity as processes for the formation of these rock-art patterns. A geoconservation model is adapted to ensure protection from anthropogenic activities that may destroy this heritage.",
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            "date": "2025-12-03",
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            "issue": "4",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Geoheritage",
            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-025-01230-1",
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            "title": "Le site « Gerbier-de-Jonc-sources de la Loire » (Ardèche) : un exemple d’évolution paysagère et règlementaire d’un site « naturel » protégé",
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                    "firstName": "Lionel",
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            "abstractNote": "Le mont Gerbier-de-Jonc est connu pour la célèbre maxime géographique scolaire qui affirme que la Loire y « prend sa source ». Sommet emblématique et spectaculaire en forme de dôme arrondi, culminant à 1 551 mètres d’altitude, localisé dans un département majoritairement rural et riche en sites géologiques remarquables, cet ancien volcan semble remplir suffisamment de critères pour être inséré dans une démarche de protection en tant qu’« espace naturel ». Les dispositifs s’y superposent : espace naturel sensible de l’Ardèche, parc naturel régional des Monts d’Ardèche, géosite, géoparc Unesco, Natura 2000. Il est désormais question d’un projet de Grand Site, dans le sillage des gorges de l’Ardèche. Cet article s’interroge sur deux évolutions, celle de la protection et celle du paysage du site, à travers deux axes : la place des deux éléments « naturels » dans la mise en scène paysagère tout d’abord ; la conciliation entre dispositifs de protection et aménagement du site ensuite.",
            "publicationTitle": "Projets de paysage. Revue scientifique sur la conception et l’aménagement de l’espace",
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            "shortTitle": "Le site « Gerbier-de-Jonc-sources de la Loire » (Ardèche)",
            "language": "fr",
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            "creatorSummary": "Antić et al.",
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            "title": "The application of the show mine assessment model on underground mining heritage and mine tourism in Switzerland",
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                    "firstName": "Aleksandar",
                    "lastName": "Antić"
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                    "firstName": "Cristian",
                    "lastName": "Scapozza"
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                    "firstName": "Emmanuel",
                    "lastName": "Reynard"
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            "abstractNote": "This study provides a comprehensive assessment of underground mining heritage and mine tourism in Switzerland, highlighting the significance of mines not only as sources of valuable natural resources but also as integral parts of geological heritage and cultural identity. The research focuses on ten selected show mines, analyzing their scientific and tourism potential. The assessment modelling includes a novel evaluation model, which was utilized in order to determine the unique values and future development strategies. By examining the geological, historical, socio-economic, and tourist aspects, the study underscores the importance of sustainable tourism practices and the role of mines in local community development. The findings aim to enhance the management and promotion of mine tourism in Switzerland, offering insights into the preservation of mining heritage and the enhancement of tourism experiences.",
            "publicationTitle": "The Extractive Industries and Society",
            "publisher": "",
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            "date": "2025",
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            "title": "Ex Situ Geodiversity Inventory form Model Aimed at Geotourism: The Case of the Obelisk at Independence Square, João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brazilian Northeast",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Luciano Schaefer",
                    "lastName": "Pereira"
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                    "firstName": "Thiago Gomes",
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            "abstractNote": "The elements of geodiversity and their geoheritage are tangible materials that can be measured either qualitatively or quantitatively. This assessment involves a series of steps, starting with the inventory evaluation of their sites, considering the use or purpose that will be made of them. In the literature, there is a neglect of inventory sheet proposals for the evaluation of ex situ geodiversity, usually in the form of georesources used in the construction of Cultural Heritage. This article aims to present a model form, using as a case study the obelisk located within Independence Square, situated in the Historic Centre of João Pessoa, Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. This sheet is subdivided into five sections, covering all pertinent information about the mapped monument: framing, which names and locates the site; description of the location, with its means of access and characteristics of the place as a heritage asset; historical data; existing protection policy; and information on the geodiversity elements present. The obelisk at Independence Square has a well-known history and cultural importance, and as a result, receives a considerable number of visitors. However, the dissemination of Geosciences, through the study of georesources as elements of geodiversity involved in their constructions and ornamentations, can promote geoscientific education with a petrological approach.",
            "publicationTitle": "Geoheritage",
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            "date": "2025-05-14",
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            "pages": "77",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Geoheritage",
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            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Proposed geoheritage sites along the transects of the Lunavada and surrounding areas promoting sustainable tourism within NE Gujarat and SW Rajasthan, India",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Aditya U.",
                    "lastName": "Joshi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Gayatri",
                    "lastName": "Akolkar"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Parita",
                    "lastName": "Gorania"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Manoj A.",
                    "lastName": "Limaye"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Bhushan S.",
                    "lastName": "Deota"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kaushik",
                    "lastName": "Baruah"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Joshua",
                    "lastName": "Godinho"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Muhammed",
                    "lastName": "Khaliz"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Sakshi V.",
                    "lastName": "Samji"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Tirthrajsinh",
                    "lastName": "Solanki"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Pushprajsinh",
                    "lastName": "Solanki"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Gaurav",
                    "lastName": "Chauhan"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "The Lunavada-Kadana Transect is an excellent area to display the geoheritage of the north-eastern region of Gujarat and south-western region of Rajasthan. It provides a diverse set of aspects to gawk at, stimulating the intrigue in one’s mind as well as bringing a heightened sense of appreciation for Earth processes. This paper provides a concise summary of four viable and easily accessible traverses across the region. The sites were selected after several detailed field seasons based on numerous factors such as individuality, scenic views, tourist attraction, peculiarity, uniqueness, and potential for tourism education as well as scientific studies. Additionally, they have been assessed with a quantitative scheme to determine their suitability for becoming geosites. The present study has narrowed down thirteen sites, which have a wide range of geological aspects. This variation in the range can promote the area to become a field geological museum and an arena to hone one’s field aptitude with a rich repository of literature published over the century. Such initiatives can also foster learning for sustainability by deepening our understanding of natural systems and encouraging responsible stewardship. Geosites are often overlooked and lost to the pages of obscurity buried within the pages of scientific literature; promoting them by granting the status of a Geoheritage site garners the attention of the masses as well as their appreciation for such features. Consequently, it becomes our duty to preserve such marvels as natural wealth for future generations through frameworks rooted in sustainable tourism and education for peace, ensuring that development is inclusive, mindful, and resilient.",
            "publicationTitle": "Geoheritage",
            "publisher": "",
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            "date": "2025-05-16",
            "volume": "17",
            "issue": "2",
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            "pages": "82",
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            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-025-01123-3",
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            "tags": [
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                    "tag": "Archaeology and Heritage",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Cultural Heritage",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Eddy current markings",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Environmental Archaeology",
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                {
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                {
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                    "tag": "Kadana",
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                    "firstName": "Hulya",
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            "abstractNote": "Geotourism activities are increasing day by day for the purposes of research, learning, visiting, and geological protection. Today, georoutes, as cultural routes, are accepted as an important activity area that offers various activities to visitors who want to learn about the historical, cultural and natural heritage of a region and provides the distribution of income from tourism to large areas. With its unique cultural and architectural history, geological and geomorphological features, Safranbolu plays the role of hosting for one of Türkiye’s culturally important regions. In this study, it is aimed to transfer the geological heritage elements that make up the geotourism locations of Safranbolu to the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) environment and to determine the georoutes using the network analysis method. The proposed GIS route analysis reveals a great potential for geotourism in the region for geo-heritage asset detection in the digital environment, considering the economic benefits and time savings. In this manner, it will be possible to visit and protect almost all of the assets in the field by using this road map created during the analysis.",
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            "title": "Ciechocinek Spa — the Biggest Health Resort in the Polish Lowlands in Terms of Geotourism",
            "creators": [
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                    "firstName": "Arkadiusz",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Izabela",
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            "abstractNote": "Ciechocinek is known for its unique saline graduation towers and salt works. The crucial date in Ciechocinek’s history was 1836, when four treatment copper bath tubs were installed in the local inn. This gave rise to the beginning of the Health Springs Enterprise, which was the origin of the Health Resort. The graduation towers of Ciechocinek are particular and they are the biggest wooden constructions which serve to vaporize brine’s water from the spring no. 11. The graduation towers were built in the shape of a horseshoe. Two first graduation towers were built in the years between 1824 and 1828 and the third in 1859. The height of towers is about 15.8 m and the total length of all of them is more than 1741.5 m. They constitute a unique monument of the nineteenth-century technology, one of few in Europe. In the graduation towers the concentration of salt brine takes place as a part of the salt production process. A characteristic feature of this process is the production of a natural aerosol with healing properties. Within the graduation towers there is a specific microclimate, a natural and curative inhaler. The technology of salt production, which is based on heating concentrated salt brine, has not changed in 190 years — it consists in heating concentrated brine. Thermal brines of the Na–Cl type and J type from borehole no. 14 (Terma 14) and borehole no. 16 (Terma 16) are used for Ciechocinek Spa mineral water supply. These boreholes are screened in the Dogger and Lias sandstones. The water in Terma 14 has mineralization (total dissolved solids (TDS)) of 43.5 g/L and the temperature on the borehole outflow is 28 °C. The water from Terma 16 has mineralization (TDS) of 53.4 g/L. It is thermal water and its temperature on the borehole outflow is 32 °C. The therapeutic thermal water in the Ciechocinek boreholes occurs at considerable depth and its resources are very slowly renewable. The therapeutic qualities of Ciechocinek springs are strongly recommended for curing cardiovascular, respiratory, orthopedic, traumatic, rheumatic, nervous system, and women’s diseases. The Ciechocinek Spa is a producer of well-known products of perfect quality: “Krystynka” mineral water, flavored water, table salt, medicinal lye, and mud.",
            "publicationTitle": "Geoheritage",
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            "pages": "103",
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            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-023-00871-4",
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                    "tag": "Ciechocinek Spa",
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                    "tag": "Graduation towers",
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                },
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                    "tag": "Mineral/therapeutic waters",
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            "title": "Characteristics of Geosites for Promotion and Development of Geotourism in Ladakh, India",
            "creators": [
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Akhtar Rasool",
                    "lastName": "Mir"
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                    "firstName": "Farooq Ahmad",
                    "lastName": "Dar"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Malik Zubair",
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            "abstractNote": "Geotourism is a form of sustainable and alternate tourism that attracts people to sites and destinations of geological significance. In addition, it deals with the heritage, diversity, and conservation of such places through appreciation and learning. India and particularly, the Ladakh region possess a rich number of sites of physiographic, geological, and cultural importance. The region is famous for varied rock types, tectonic structures, minerals, and geological history ranging from the Achaean (3.5 billion years BP) to the Recent (10,000 years BP). Geotourism plays a vital role in exposing and connecting an area of geological importance to the rest of the world. In the present work, some geological sites of the Leh district of Ladakh India, which are significant to understanding the formation of the subcontinent, the evolution of the mighty Himalayan mountain range, the fate of the Tethys Ocean, and past tectonic and climatic conditions of the region, have been described. These sites include U-shaped valleys of Umla, Taru, and Phyang, the oldest Indus valley moraines stretching along the left side of the Leh-Kargil highway near Pathar Sahib-Taru-Phyang area, syn- and post plutonic dykes Taru-Phyang, paleolake deposits of Spituk and Lamayuru, post-collision Indus molasse deposits near Hemis, pre-collision flysch deposits of Lamayuru, hot springs of Puga, Chumathang, and Panamik, zebra stripe pattern Leucocratic granites of Chumathang, Nidar Ophiolite suite, and Hunder sand dunes. These geological places are either less exposed to the outside world or under threat and demand promotion and preservation as heritage sites in Ladakh to educate the present and future generations.",
            "publicationTitle": "Geoheritage",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2023-07-27",
            "volume": "15",
            "issue": "3",
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            "partNumber": "",
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            "pages": "105",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Geoheritage",
            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-023-00866-1",
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            "language": "en",
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            "tags": [
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                    "tag": "Geosites",
                    "type": 1
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                {
                    "tag": "Geotourism",
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                },
                {
                    "tag": "Hot springs",
                    "type": 1
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                    "tag": "Ladakh",
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                {
                    "tag": "Tethys Ocean",
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            "title": "Geosites of High Atlas of Marrakech (Morocco): Geological Characterization, Accessibility, and Potential Interests for Sustainable Tourism",
            "creators": [
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Salma",
                    "lastName": "Wakass"
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                    "firstName": "Abdelkrim",
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                    "firstName": "Ismail",
                    "lastName": "Mansouri"
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                    "firstName": "Hamid",
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                    "firstName": "Soukaina",
                    "lastName": "Chellik"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "M’hammed",
                    "lastName": "El Azzouzi"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Geosites constitute a significant natural resource for ecological use and sustainable development in Morocco, and thus, their geological characterization and accessibility are of crucial importance. In this study, we investigated the geological structures, historical status, and accessibility of four potential geosites in the High Atlas of Morocco. Field visits, starting from the city of Marrakech to the top of Toubkal Mountain, were used to determine the nature and date of geological structures, while GIS tools were used to delimit the study geosites and their accessibility. Obtained results showed that studied geosites disposed of a variety of natural landscapes, geological structures, and accessibility. Paleozoic and Triassic geostructures infiltrated by a fault-dominated Tahannaout and crossed by the Ghighaya river. In Moulay Brahim, basalt sections of the finished-Triassic age, surmounted by deposits of the Lias dominated the southeast, while sandstone-silty bars of the Middle Jurassic to Lower Cretaceous age in the northeast. Reverse faults with N90 direction, the Mesozoic series, and the Paleozoic massif of Jbel Khelout added more good looks. Imlil known for its diversity of landscapes counting the national park of Toubkal, RAMSAR Lake of Ifni, and the endangered stands of thuriferous juniper, was dominated by Cretaceous structures in reversed series, overlapped by Precambrian sections thanks to the fault of the Aït Lachen. These geosites are linked by well-developed roads and disposed of hotel infrastructures, which make them very attractive for tourism of the mountains. However, more studies are needed to clarify more features of these geosites, to promote sustainable tourism.",
            "publicationTitle": "Geoheritage",
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            "date": "2023-08-05",
            "volume": "15",
            "issue": "3",
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            "pages": "107",
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            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-023-00872-3",
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            "shortTitle": "Geosites of High Atlas of Marrakech (Morocco)",
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                    "tag": "Geological structures",
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            "version": 4275,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Jurassic Geoheritage and Geotourism Potential in the Spiti Valley of India: a Thing of the Past, Shielded for the Future",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ketan",
                    "lastName": "Chaskar"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Suraj",
                    "lastName": "Bhosale"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "D. K.",
                    "lastName": "Pandey"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "J. M.",
                    "lastName": "Patel"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Gaurav D.",
                    "lastName": "Chauhan"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "M. G.",
                    "lastName": "Thakkar"
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                {
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                    "firstName": "Subhash",
                    "lastName": "Bhandari"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "The Tethyan sediments in the Spiti Valley deposited along the northern margin of Indian craton are rich in fossils and hold a key value in the stratigraphy of the Indian Himalaya and could become a vital geoheritage site. Such geological sites need to be preserved, making them available for our future generation geoscientists. The present study aims to document, analyze, and assess geologically frail sites, keeping in mind the existing and impending anthropological responses to such sites. The study also endorses the idea of sustainably managing the geologically important “geosites” as “Geoparks” and “Fossil parks” in the Spiti Valley and equally promoting social inclusion by appointing local community members as the guardians of these sites, thus generating an alternate revenue system through geotourism.",
            "publicationTitle": "Geoheritage",
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            "date": "2023-09-14",
            "volume": "15",
            "issue": "4",
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            "pages": "108",
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            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-023-00875-0",
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            "shortTitle": "Jurassic Geoheritage and Geotourism Potential in the Spiti Valley of India",
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                {
                    "tag": "Indian Himalaya",
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                {
                    "tag": "Jurassic",
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            "title": "Geoheritage and Geotourism Sites from the Narmada-Son Fault (NSF) Zone, Narmada River, and Mahi River in Central Mainland Gujarat, Western India",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Deepak M.",
                    "lastName": "Maurya"
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                {
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                    "firstName": "Swarali",
                    "lastName": "Vasaikar"
                },
                {
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                    "firstName": "Laxman S.",
                    "lastName": "Chamyal"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "A wealth of geological data is now available from the Mainland Gujarat, Kachchh, and Saurashtra in Gujarat state that highlight major geological events including the breakup of the supercontinent Pangaea and subsequent tectonic and sedimentary evolution of the western continental margin of India. The present article showcases six important geological sites from the Narmada-Son Fault (NSF) zone, the Lower Narmada Valley, and the Lower Mahi Valley in central Mainland Gujarat from geoheritage and geotourism point of view. Three geosites are included from the NSF zone that comprise textbook examples of a fault controlled landscape and tectonically active fault zone. One of these geosites contains a layer of Youngest Toba Tuff (YTT) ash layer midway in the exposed river cliff section that represents the largest volcanic eruption during Quaternary time, which occurred at ~74 ka in Indonesia. Two geosites from the Lower Narmada Valley are described that comprise one of the world’s largest Late Pleistocene alluvial fan deposits and alluvial plain sediments with large-scale sedimentary bedforms indicating large size of the paleo-Narmada River compared to the present one. The geosite in Lower Mahi Valley comprises sediments representing the climatic changes during the last full glacial cycle, vertically stacked in one river section. All the described geosites are close to and accessible from the world’s tallest statue, the “Statue of Unity”, which attracts millions of tourists. The geosites may be integrated with this tourist place and other sacred pilgrimage places along Narmada River to make geotourism sustainable.",
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            "date": "2023-10-06",
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            "pages": "113",
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            "abstractNote": "Jabal Al-Qarah in the eastern part of Saudi Arabia is a flat-topped residual hill (mesa) built of calcareous sandstones, mudstones, and marls of Miocene age. It is located within the World Heritage property of Al-Ahsa Oasis, but geoheritage values were not considered in the nomination and remained overlooked. The locality is famous for its systems of maze caves developed along deep fractures by mainly mechanical erosion and wall/roof collapses. They illustrate the origin of non-karstic caves through the action of underground flows, redirected from the surface via sinkholes and open cracks. Hillsides of Jabal Al-Qarah show evidence of various types of mass movements, including spectacular collapses of harder overlying strata after denudation of weaker strata beneath caused loss of vertical support. Thus, the mesa may become a key locality to understand slope development in layered successions and the role of subsurface flows in the global context. The site also has considerable potential to develop geotourism, as an added value to the already recognized cultural assets of the oasis and scenic qualities.",
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            "title": "Geoheritage Assessment of the Geosites in Tuwaiq Mountain, Saudi Arabia: in the Perspective of Geoethics, Geotourism, and Geoconservation",
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                    "firstName": "Subhajit",
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                    "firstName": "Ali Hassan",
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                    "firstName": "Fahad Saleh",
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            "abstractNote": "Tuwaiq Mountain is in the central portion of Saudi Arabia and is characterised by several denuded landscapes and geological features. A total of 10 geosites have been identified for the quantitative assessment. Scarp, cuesta, mesa, butte, pinnacles, gully network, wadi, and cave are the geomorphological features, and Jurassic fossil remains are part of the geological features. Geoheritage score was prepared based on scientific, educational, tourism, and degradational values. The study indicates that most of the sites fall within moderate to high scores. Low to high degradation risk of the geosites suggests the need for geoconservation. Geoethics is also a significant aspect of generating local awareness of the value of geomorphological and geological features with outstanding values and potential for tourism development.",
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            "pages": "2",
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                    "firstName": "Rosana Elisa Coppedê",
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            "abstractNote": "Ecclesiastical geotourism is a branch of urban geotourism since Christian churches have been typically constructed with a wide variety of dimension stones. The geological heritage and the geoscientific dissemination of the lithological types found can reveal information about the spaces’ history, architecture, and culture. As a result, the present study describes the stones used in ten churches in the city of Rio de Janeiro, resulting in an ecclesiastical geotourism itinerary. In addition, information about the weathering of these stones was also studied. The ten churches were selected based on rock diversity, fossil content, and historical and cultural aspects. The primary stones found were limestone (Lioz, Rosso Verona, Negro de Mem Martins, Botticcino), marbles (Jacarandá, Carrara, Bardiglio), augen gneiss (Gnaisse Facoidal), and Leptinite. The fossil content includes rudists (Radiolitides and Caprinula), gastropods (Neoptyxis), ammonoids (Hildoceras), stromatolites, and solitary corals. The main problems observed in the stones were natural weathering over time, pollution and acid rain (on limestone façades), salt efflorescence, biological colonization, black crusts, loss of matrix, graffiti, and mechanical breaks of edges and corners. By disseminating the geodiversity present in these structures, it will be possible to obtain a new approach to these spaces, adding more geotourism value to the city of Rio de Janeiro.",
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            "title": "Columnar Trap Dyke of Potla, District Dewas, Madhya Pradesh, India: a Geological Marvel and Potential Geotourism Destination",
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                    "firstName": "Narendra",
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            "abstractNote": "India is endowed with rich geological heritage through its significant geological structures, geomorphologic features, landscapes of rocks, etc., and attracts the attention of earth scientists, nature lovers and common man too. Most landscape features possess unique values that need to be recognized nationally and internationally, conserved as Geoheritage sites as developed and promoted as Geotourism destinations. The present paper embodies and discusses aesthetic importance and geologic values of Columnar jointed basaltic dyke of Potla, also known as Kawadia Pahad—a geological treasure of Dewas District, Madhya Pradesh. The Potla dyke exposed in the form of seven detached linear ridges, trending ENE–WSW over a distance of 4.5 kms, having an average width of 80 m and exposed couple of meters (36 to 51 m) above the general ground level. The in situ columns in the dyke-ridges that so far been observed show straight, parallel faces without any striations. The length of the horizontal columns ranges between 1 and 3.60 m. The columns which are inclined and penetrated deep inside may have greater lengths. Such exposed columns have a height of 4.10 m which may be extending far downward. As far as diameter of the columns is concerned, it ranges between 30 and 50 cm. Each dyke-ridge consists perfectly separate, very well-developed, finely stacked and interlocked, horizontal to sub-horizontal columnar joints that inclined at various degrees. The columns are polygonal in the dyke-ridges, and majority show tetragon, pentagon, and hexagon shapes in cross section, but occasionally cyclic-hexagons can also be seen. The central part of the dyke, i.e. part of CR-5 and W-4 dyke-ridges, exhibits Dyke-Sill Hybrid Geometry. This monumental dyke-sill interface is not observed anywhere else except Columnar Trap Dyke of Potla, though this interpretation is based on orientation/interrelation of columns in the field. It is suggested that 66.6 ± 0.5 Ma is the crystallization age of the columnar basaltic dyke of Potla. The dyke is rarest of rare, and therefore, numbers of amenities are recommended to fascinate the tourists so that this Geosite should be developed and promoted as a new Geotourism destination of India. The Potla dyke is picturesque and matchless in which the development of the columns is magnificent and the arrangement of the columns is amazing. This world-class dyke fulfils all the requirements of Geoheritage and Geotourism and should get the status of National Geological Monument (NGM). It should also be included in the list of IUGS Geological Heritage Sites.",
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            "title": "Miocene (~ 14 Ma) Vertebrate-Yielding Site of Palasava, Kachchh, Gujarat State, Western India: Geoheritage-Geotourism Perspectives and Geosite Potential",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Vivesh V.",
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                    "firstName": "Gaurav",
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            "abstractNote": "United Nations protection programmes under the UNESCO’s Global Geopark initiatives have resulted in the establishment and recognition of 195 Global Geoparks in 48 countries to sustainably protect Geoheritage. Given an inclusive approach with local communities and the geoscientific communities as stakeholders, the UNESCO Global Geopark concept has gained popularity in India. Further, India provides a diverse range of geoheritage in terms of rock records from the Precambrian to the Holocene. The Kachchh region (western India) has tremendous scope to be conserved under the UNESCO Geopark programme as it sustains many plausible geosites. Of the numerous geosites within Kachchh, the “Palasava” locale holds geoheritage potential as it exposes ~ 14 million-year-old Chassra Formation sedimentary succession that is well-known to yield vertebrate (including marine and terrestrial mammals) fossils. These fossils hold significance in the context of origin and diversification of middle Miocene vertebrates (including mammals), Neogene biochronology of Kutch, palaeobiogeographic scenarios involving various vertebrate groups, and related aspects. In a geotourism context, the Palasava locale presents picturesque views being located between the Wagad Highland and the Little Rann of Kutch. In addition to local religious and cultural features, the Kachchh (= Kutch) region is globally well-recognized for the “Wild Ass Sanctuary” and the “Rann Utsav”– “Festival of the Rann.” Owing to its unique Geoheritage and geotourism potential, we herein, propose Palasava locale as a “geosite” within the “Kachchh Geopark” to protect and conserve this geologically significant locale, to enhance sustainable geotourism in the region for the economic benefit of the local population and for the public to cherish.",
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            "title": "Bijoliya Vindhyan Supergroup Sandstone Region of Rajasthan, India: Conservation of Geoheritage and Geotourism",
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                    "firstName": "Kamal Kant",
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            "abstractNote": "The Bijoliya region of Bhilwara district, Rajasthan, is bestowed with good quality sandstone. The Menal-Bijoliya-Bhimlat terrane dominantly composed of Vindhyan Supergroup sandstone. This sandstone forms a plateau-like feature with two important waterfalls, namely Menal and Bhimlat. This terrane exhibits sandstone sedimentary features and mediaeval Menal, Kaner ki Putli, Bijoliya Shiva and Jain temple monuments. The large sized rock inscriptions of 1170 AD are marked on the Bijoliya sandstone. Due to high durability and resistant to weathering quality of the sandstone, these rock inscriptions are still intact. Several Prehistoric cave art, stone tools and rock shelters paintings are present in the Bijoliya region. These signify early human social development and life style. Bijoliya sandstone is an important Heritage Stone Resource, which was used for shelter and rock art by the prehistoric human dwellers, and later on during the ancient, mediaeval and present time. Mandakini Kund, Hazaresvara Mahadeva or Hazaralinga temple, Kaner ki Putli, Menal Shiva temple and other historic monuments were constructed from the Bijoliya sandstone. Archaeological Survey of India listed these monuments and declared protected. Presently, widespread mining and poor preservation of sites causing distortion of geoheritage from the region. These sites require attention of society and the government for conservation, and should be developed for geotourism.",
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            "DOI": "10.1007/s12371-024-00920-6",
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            "title": "Tourism in Protected Areas in Spain: Perception of Sustainable Development in Protected Areas with Different Levels of Protection",
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                    "firstName": "Esteban",
                    "lastName": "Pérez-Calderón"
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                    "firstName": "Vanessa",
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            "abstractNote": "Protected natural areas have become important tourist destinations around the world, and in Spain, national parks are the most representative figure of this type of enclave, having as one of its objectives to make conservation compatible with public use. One of its objectives is to make conservation compatible with public use. However, its restrictive legal regime prevents sustainability from being achieved. In this sense, UNESCO Global Geoparks emerges as an alternative figure with a vision more focused on socio-economic development. This paper compares the perception of sustainability in these two types of protected areas. For this purpose, a questionnaire was sent to the highest representatives of the municipalities closest to all the national parks and geoparks in Spain. The data analysis was carried out using structural equation modeling. The results of this study show a higher perception of sustainable development in geoparks than in national parks. In conclusion, very strict regulation of protected areas can be detrimental to tourism development and the population’s quality of life.",
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            "title": "Structural Model of Tourists’ Visit Intention Relating to Mount Ijen, a Volcano Tourism Destination: The Lack Role of Novelty-Seeking, Self-Congruity, and Destination Personality?",
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            "abstractNote": "This research delves into the determinants influencing tourists’ intentions to visit Mount Ijen, a prominent volcanic destination in Indonesia. The study incorporates several predictive factors, which include destination image, self-congruity, sensation-seeking, perceived value, and destination personality. Two hundred sixteen participants were totally engaged in the study, selected through a convenient sampling approach. The data analysis encompassed exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, and structural equation modelling. The comprehensive analysis of the findings unveiled significant results: destination image notably impacts self-congruity, novelty-seeking, perceived value, and destination personality. Besides, a perceived value influences visit intention significantly. However, the fifth hypothesis concludes a significant effect of self-congruity, novelty-seeking, and destination personality on the visit intention. The research results enhance the understanding of volcano, crater, and geothermal tourism. The research deepens insights into the intricate dynamics between tourists’ perceptions of destination attributes and their intent to visit. Thorough exploration contributes to the discourse on geotourism and nature-based tourism, furnishing insights to steer destination management strategies and inspire further scholarly inquiries in this domain.",
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            "title": "Industrial Geotourism and Geoeducation Potential of SE Türkiye: A Case Study of the Petroleum Industry in the Adıyaman Region",
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                    "firstName": "Oğuz",
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                    "firstName": "Fatih",
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                    "firstName": "Onur",
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            "abstractNote": "Adıyaman (SE Türkiye) has a spectacular geological record and high-quality outcrops of petroleum systems. Türkiye is an important resource area for the petroleum industry. The petroleum sector impacts development and provides opportunities for geotourism and geoeducation. Most of these sedimentary and tectonically related geological records form sites relevant to petroleum geology that provide favourable conditions for geoeducational activities with special emphasis on the framework of hydrocarbon exploration models in fieldwork. These georoutes should be popularised for those who work in the petroleum industry, colleagues who are not yet familiar with them and are interested in these concepts, and even for students who are leaning in this direction. This study is about geotourism at sites that are related to the petroleum industry, which could serve as pioneering examples in SE Türkiye and their potential as industrial geotourism resources. In addition, all of these sites are ideal for conducting various geoeducational and geotourism activities for the purposes of geoconservation. Due to the uniqueness of this study, the industrial geoheritage of Adıyaman will become more accessible for scientific research and play an important role in geoeducation and as a potential geotourism resource.",
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