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The technologies involved in manufacturing different types of vaccines may strongly influence vaccine cost, ease of industrial scale-up, stability and ultimately world-wide availability. Manufacturing complexity is compounded by the need for different formulations for different countries and age groups. Reliable vaccine production in appropriate quantities and at affordable prices is the cornerstone of developing global vaccination policies. However, ensuring optimal access and uptake also requires strong partnerships between private manufacturers, regulatory authorities and national and international public health services. For vaccines whose supplies are limited, either due to rapidly emerging diseases or longer-term mismatch of supply and demand, prioritizing target groups can increase vaccine impact. 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"links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/U26J3BIX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/U26J3BIX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Alberts et al.", "parsedDate": "2002", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "U26J3BIX", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Programmed Cell Death (Apoptosis)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bruce", "lastName": "Alberts" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alexander", "lastName": "Johnson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Julian", "lastName": "Lewis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Martin", "lastName": "Raff" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Keith", "lastName": "Roberts" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter", "lastName": "Walter" } ], "abstractNote": "The cells of a multicellular organism are members of a highly organized community. The number of cells in this community is tightly regulated—not simply by controlling the rate of cell division, but also by controlling the rate of cell death. If cells are no longer needed, they commit suicide by activating an intracellular death program. This process is therefore called programmed cell death, although it is more commonly called apoptosis (from a Greek word meaning “falling off,” as leaves from a tree).", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2002", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK26873/", "accessDate": "2015-10-17T18:32:23Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:39Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:39Z" } }, { "key": "2JEJK7MR", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/2JEJK7MR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/2JEJK7MR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rider et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-07-27", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2JEJK7MR", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Therapeutics", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Todd H.", "lastName": "Rider" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christina E.", "lastName": "Zook" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tara L.", "lastName": "Boettcher" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Scott T.", "lastName": "Wick" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer S.", "lastName": "Pancoast" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Benjamin D.", "lastName": "Zusman" } ], "abstractNote": "Currently there are relatively few antiviral therapeutics, and most which do exist are highly pathogen-specific or have other disadvantages. We have developed a new broad-spectrum antiviral approach, dubbed Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) Activated Caspase Oligomerizer (DRACO) that selectively induces apoptosis in cells containing viral dsRNA, rapidly killing infected cells without harming uninfected cells. We have created DRACOs and shown that they are nontoxic in 11 mammalian cell types and effective against 15 different viruses, including dengue flavivirus, Amapari and Tacaribe arenaviruses, Guama bunyavirus, and H1N1 influenza. We have also demonstrated that DRACOs can rescue mice challenged with H1N1 influenza. DRACOs have the potential to be effective therapeutics or prophylactics for numerous clinical and priority viruses, due to the broad-spectrum sensitivity of the dsRNA detection domain, the potent activity of the apoptosis induction domain, and the novel direct linkage between the two which viruses have never encountered.", "publicationTitle": "PLoS ONE", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 27, 2011", "volume": "6", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "e22572", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PLoS ONE", "DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0022572", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0022572", "accessDate": "2015-10-17T18:07:56Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PLoS Journals", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:35Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:35Z" } }, { "key": "MHZ3P5QM", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/MHZ3P5QM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/MHZ3P5QM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MHZ3P5QM", "version": 7, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Genetics: A Conceptual Approach - Benjamin A. Pierce - Google Books", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=z4pXRaZAkdkC&printsec=frontcover&dq=2005+by+W.+H.+Freeman+and+Company.+All+rights+reserved.+Pierce,+B.+Genetics:+A+conceptual+approach.+2nd+Edition&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0CCMQ6AEwAWoVChMI8MOWnOPMyAIVFuVjCh0-IAhe#v=onepage&q=small%20interfering%20rna&f=false", "accessDate": "2015-10-18T19:42:30Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:27Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:27Z" } }, { "key": "RKW3XPXI", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/RKW3XPXI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/RKW3XPXI", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/MIR575NQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "RKW3XPXI", "version": 7, "parentItem": "MIR575NQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-10-18T19:35:07Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25240598", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:20Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:20Z" } }, { "key": "MIR575NQ", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/MIR575NQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/MIR575NQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Koide et al.", "parsedDate": "2015-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MIR575NQ", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Susceptibility of PTEN-positive metastatic tumors to small interfering RNA targeting the mammalian target of rapamycin", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hiroyuki", "lastName": "Koide" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tomohiro", "lastName": "Asai" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hiroki", "lastName": "Kato" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Norihito", "lastName": "Yonenaga" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Masafumi", "lastName": "Yokota" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hidenori", "lastName": "Ando" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Takehisa", "lastName": "Dewa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mamoru", "lastName": "Nango" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Noriyuki", "lastName": "Maeda" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Naoto", "lastName": "Oku" } ], "abstractNote": "PTEN-positive tumors are not susceptible to the treatment with rapamycin, an inhibitor of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR). Here, we determined the susceptibility of PTEN-positive cells to small interfering RNA for mTOR (si-mTOR) by using a novel liposomal delivery system. We prepared dicetyl phosphate-tetraethylenepentamine-based polycation liposomes (TEPA-PCL) decorated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) grafting Ala-Pro-Arg-Pro-Gly (APRPG), a VRGFR-1-targeting peptide. APRPG-PEG-decorated TEPA-PCL carrying si-mTOR (APRPG-TEPA-PCL/si-mTOR) had an antiproliferative effect against B16F10 murine melanoma cells (PTEN-positive) and significantly inhibited both the proliferation and tube formation of mouse 2H-11 endothelial-like cells (PTEN-positive). APRPG-TEPA-PCL/si-mTOR treatment did not induce Akt phosphorylation (Ser473) in either B16F10 or 2H-11 cells although there was strong phosphorylation of Akt in response to rapamycin treatment. Intravenous injection of APRPG-TEPA-PCL/si-mTOR significantly suppressed the tumor growth compared with rapamycin treatment in mice bearing B16F10 melanoma. These findings suggest that APRPG-TEPA-PCL/si-mTOR is useful for the treatment of PTEN-positive tumors.", "publicationTitle": "Nanomedicine: Nanotechnology, Biology, and Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan 2015", "volume": "11", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "185-194", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nanomedicine", "DOI": "10.1016/j.nano.2014.09.003", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1549-9642", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25240598", "tags": [ { "tag": "1,2-Dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Angiogenesis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cell Proliferation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Ethylenediamines", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Liposomes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mammalian target of rapamycin", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Melanoma", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Melanoma, Experimental", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mice, Inbred C57BL", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Neoplasm Metastasis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Neovascularization, Pathologic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PTEN", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PTEN Phosphohydrolase", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Phosphatidylethanolamines", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Phosphorylation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polycation liposomes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polyethylene Glycols", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA, Small Interfering", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Small interfering RNA", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:20Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:20Z" } }, { "key": "9PBTTI8H", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/9PBTTI8H", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/9PBTTI8H", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/2EBHR62M", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "9PBTTI8H", "version": 7, "parentItem": "2EBHR62M", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-10-18T19:32:42Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25701821", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:15Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:15Z" } }, { "key": "2EBHR62M", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/2EBHR62M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/2EBHR62M", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Williams et al.", "parsedDate": "2015-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2EBHR62M", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Identification of RNA helicases in human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) replication - a targeted small interfering RNA library screen using pseudotyped and WT HIV-1", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Claire A.", "lastName": "Williams" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Truus E. M.", "lastName": "Abbink" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kuan-Teh", "lastName": "Jeang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrew M. L.", "lastName": "Lever" } ], "abstractNote": "Central to the development of new treatments for human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) is a more thorough understanding of the viral life cycle and the cellular cofactors upon which this depends. Targeting cellular proteins and their interaction with HIV-1 has the potential to reduce the problem of emerging viral resistance to drugs as mutational escape is more difficult. We performed a short interfering RNA (siRNA) library screen targeting 59 cellular RNA helicases, assessing the effect on both viral capsid protein production and infectious virion formation. Five RNA helicases were identified which, when knocked down, reproducibly decreased infectious particle production: DDX5, DDX10, DDX17, DDX28 and DDX52. Two of these proteins (DDX5 and DDX17) have known roles in HIV-1 replication. A further helicase (DDX10) was a positive hit from a previous genome-wide siRNA screen; however, DDX28 and DDX52 have not previously been implicated as essential cofactors for HIV-1.", "publicationTitle": "The Journal of General Virology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jun 2015", "volume": "96", "issue": "Pt 6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1484-1489", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J. Gen. Virol.", "DOI": "10.1099/vir.0.000092", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1465-2099", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25701821", "tags": [ { "tag": "Gene Knockdown Techniques", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Genetic Testing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "HIV-1", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Host-Pathogen Interactions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA Helicases", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA, Small Interfering", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Virus Replication", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:15Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:15Z" } }, { "key": "3JABHQH9", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/3JABHQH9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/3JABHQH9", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/7BHA33TG", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "3JABHQH9", "version": 7, "parentItem": "7BHA33TG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-10-18T19:31:48Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25205243", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:08Z" } }, { "key": "7BHA33TG", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/7BHA33TG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/7BHA33TG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Soares et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-12", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "7BHA33TG", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Viral RNA recognition by the Drosophila small interfering RNA pathway", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zamira Guerra", "lastName": "Soares" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "André Nicolau Aquime", "lastName": "Gonçalves" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Karla Pollyanna Vieira", "lastName": "de Oliveira" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "João Trindade", "lastName": "Marques" } ], "abstractNote": "Viral RNA is a common activator of antiviral responses. In this review, we dissect the mechanism of viral RNA recognition by the small interfering RNA pathway in Drosophila melanogaster. This antiviral response in fruit flies can help understand general principles of nucleic acid recognition.", "publicationTitle": "Microbes and Infection / Institut Pasteur", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Dec 2014", "volume": "16", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1013-1021", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Microbes Infect.", "DOI": "10.1016/j.micinf.2014.09.001", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1769-714X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25205243", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Drosophila", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Drosophila melanogaster", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Gene Expression Regulation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Host-Pathogen Interactions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA Interference", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA, Double-Stranded", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA, Small Interfering", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RNA, Viral", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Small interfering RNA", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Viral infection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "dsRNA", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:08Z" } }, { "key": "7Z57TBEB", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/7Z57TBEB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/7Z57TBEB", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/TMEZC59B", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "7Z57TBEB", "version": 7, "parentItem": "TMEZC59B", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-10-21T18:21:55Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15240835", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:04Z" } }, { "key": "TMEZC59B", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/TMEZC59B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/TMEZC59B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Spottke et al.", "parsedDate": "2004-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "TMEZC59B", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Reverse Sanger sequencing of RNA by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry after solid phase purification", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Beatrice", "lastName": "Spottke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Julia", "lastName": "Gross" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hans-Joachim", "lastName": "Galla" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Franz", "lastName": "Hillenkamp" } ], "abstractNote": "Several DNA/RNA sequencing strategies have been developed using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). In the reverse Sanger sequencing approach α-thiophosphate-containing NTPs are employed. Sequencing ladders are produced by the subsequent exonuclease cleavage, which is inhibited by the α-S-NTP at the 3′ terminus. Here the reverse Sanger sequencing of RNA is described. The stability of RNA during the UV-MALDI process is higher relative to DNA, and RNA can be easily synthesized by transcription using bacteriophage RNA polymerase. α-S-rNTP was added to the reaction in a ratio of 1:3 to the native rNTPs and was incorporated statistically by the RNA polymerase. Four separate sequence ladders were produced, to avoid the problem of the only 1u mass difference between uridine and cytidine. However, it was shown that RNA transcription does not produce homogeneous transcripts. Therefore isolation of the full-length transcript is required to attain a non-ambiguous interpretation of cleavage spectra. This is achieved by the exclusive immobilization of the full-length transcript on a solid phase. The full-length transcripts were hybridized to magnetic beads, coated with short universal sequences, complementary to the in vitro RNA. After purification and isolation the RNA full-length transcript is cleaved by snake venom phosphodiesterase (SVP) and the obtained sequence ladder is analyzed by MALDI-MS.", "publicationTitle": "Nucleic Acids Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "01/01/2004", "volume": "32", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "e97-e97", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nucl. Acids Res.", "DOI": "10.1093/nar/gnh089", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://nar.oxfordjournals.org/content/32/12/e97", "accessDate": "2015-10-21T18:21:55Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0305-1048, 1362-4962", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "nar.oxfordjournals.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 15240835", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:44:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:44:04Z" } }, { "key": "747W2Z6D", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/747W2Z6D", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/747W2Z6D", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gut", "parsedDate": "2004-05-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "747W2Z6D", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "DNA analysis by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ivo Glynne", "lastName": "Gut" } ], "abstractNote": "The last decade has seen an increased demand for high-throughput DNA analysis. This is mainly due to the human genome sequencing project that is now completed. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry was pinpointed early on as a technology that could be of great use for sequence variation analysis in the post-genome sequencing era. Applications developed first on this platform were for SNP genotyping. Several strategies for allele-discrimination (hybridization, cleavage, ligation, and primer extension) were combined with MALDI-TOF mass spectrometric detection. Nowadays, in practice, only primer extension methods are applied for large-scale SNP genotyping studies with MALDI-TOF detection. Problems surrounding the integration of SNP genotyping by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry at high throughput are largely mastered now. Mass spectrometry geared presentations at the HUGO Mutation Detection Meeting in Palm Cove, Australia almost exclusively focused on novel applications that go beyond standard SNP genotyping. These applications are more demanding in terms of chemistry and molecular biology. Molecular haplotyping, expression profiling, DNA methylation analysis, and mutation detection are now being demonstrated. Hum Mutat 23:437–441, 2004. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.", "publicationTitle": "Human Mutation", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 1, 2004", "volume": "23", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "437-441", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Hum. Mutat.", "DOI": "10.1002/humu.20023", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/humu.20023/abstract", "accessDate": "2015-10-17T19:33:39Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1098-1004", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "MALDI", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SNP", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "epigenotyping", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "expression profiling", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "genotyping", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "haplotyping", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "high-throughput", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mass spectrometry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mutation detection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "quantitation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "resequencing", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:43:55Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:43:55Z" } }, { "key": "KSC7UBTA", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/KSC7UBTA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/KSC7UBTA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Calderaro et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-10-30", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KSC7UBTA", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry applied to virus identification", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adriana", "lastName": "Calderaro" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Maria-Cristina", "lastName": "Arcangeletti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Isabella", "lastName": "Rodighiero" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mirko", "lastName": "Buttrini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chiara", "lastName": "Gorrini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Federica", "lastName": "Motta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Diego", "lastName": "Germini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Maria-Cristina", "lastName": "Medici" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carlo", "lastName": "Chezzi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Flora", "lastName": "De Conto" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Scientific Reports", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014-10-30", "volume": "4", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "6803", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1038/srep06803", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/srep06803", "accessDate": "2015-10-20T02:07:04Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2045-2322", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:43:50Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:43:50Z" } }, { "key": "6NDM6TH7", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/6NDM6TH7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/6NDM6TH7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lauring et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-03-25", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6NDM6TH7", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The role of mutational robustness in RNA virus evolution", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adam S.", "lastName": "Lauring" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Judith", "lastName": "Frydman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Raul", "lastName": "Andino" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Nature Reviews Microbiology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013-3-25", "volume": "11", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "327-336", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1038/nrmicro3003", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.nature.com/doifinder/10.1038/nrmicro3003", "accessDate": "2015-10-18T18:22:53Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1740-1526, 1740-1534", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:43:31Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:43:31Z" } }, { "key": "R4G8UQWN", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/R4G8UQWN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/R4G8UQWN", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/WSUIRETM", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": 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"jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Li et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "WSUIRETM", "version": 5, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Complete Genome Sequence of a Chikungunya Virus Isolated in Guangdong, China", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Xiao-Feng", "lastName": "Li" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tao", "lastName": "Jiang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yong-Qiang", "lastName": "Deng" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hui", "lastName": "Zhao" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Xue-Dong", "lastName": "Yu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Qing", "lastName": "Ye" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hong-Jiang", "lastName": "Wang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shun-Ya", "lastName": "Zhu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fu-Chun", "lastName": "Zhang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "E-De", "lastName": "Qin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cheng-Feng", "lastName": "Qin" } ], "abstractNote": "Chikungunya virus belongs to the genus Alphavirus in the family Togaviridae. Here we report the complete genome sequence of a chikungunya virus strain, GD05/2010, isolated in 2010 from a patient with chikungunya fever in Guangdong, China. The sequence information is important for surveillance of this emerging arboviral infection in China.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Virology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2012-8", "volume": "86", "issue": "16", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "8904-8905", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Virol", "DOI": "10.1128/JVI.01289-12", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3421709/", "accessDate": "2015-11-24T18:51:04Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0022-538X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 22843862\nPMCID: PMC3421709", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:43:11Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:43:11Z" } }, { "key": "5WTJGKZA", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/5WTJGKZA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/5WTJGKZA", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/KC3J63BW", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "5WTJGKZA", "version": 4, "parentItem": "KC3J63BW", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed Central Link", "accessDate": "2015-11-24T18:56:06Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2856377/", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:43:06Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:43:06Z" } }, { "key": "KC3J63BW", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/KC3J63BW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/KC3J63BW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mohan et al.", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KC3J63BW", "version": 4, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, AND DIAGNOSIS OF CHIKUNGUNYA FEVER: LESSONS LEARNED FROM THE RE-EMERGING EPIDEMIC", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alladi", "lastName": "Mohan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "DHN", "lastName": "Kiran" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "I Chiranjeevi", "lastName": "Manohar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D Prabath", "lastName": "Kumar" } ], "abstractNote": "Chikungunya fever, caused by “Chikungunya virus,” is an arbovirus disease transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes belonging to the genus Aedes. Chikungunya fever epidemics have been reported from several countries around the world. The disease that was silent for nearly 32 years re-emerged in the October 2005 outbreak in India that is still ongoing. The incubation period ranges from 3 to 12 days. The onset is usually abrupt and the acute stage is characterized by sudden onset with high-grade fever, severe arthralgias, myalgias, and skin rash. Swollen tender joints and crippling arthritis are usually evident. In the chronic stage, relapses that include sensation of fever, asthenia, exacerbation of arthralgias, inflammatory polyarthritis, and stiffness may be evident. Neurological, ocular, and mucocutaneous manifestations have also been described. Chronic arthritis may develop in about 15% of the patients. Viral culture is the gold standard for the diagnosis of Chikungunya fever. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and real-time loop-mediated isothermal amplification have also been found to be useful. Serodiagnostic methods for the detection of immunoglobulin M and immunoglobulin G antibodies against Chikungunya virus are more frequently used. Chikungunya is a self-limiting disease; however, severe manifestations such as meningoencephalitis, fulminant hepatitis, and bleeding manifestations may sometimes be life-threatening. Treatment is symptomatic and supportive. Prevention by educating the community and public health officials, vector control measures appear to be the best approach at controlling Chikungunya fever as no commercially available vaccine is available for public use in India for this condition presently.", "publicationTitle": "Indian Journal of Dermatology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2010", "volume": "55", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "54-63", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Indian J Dermatol", "DOI": "10.4103/0019-5154.60355", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2856377/", "accessDate": "2015-11-24T18:56:06Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0019-5154", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS, AND DIAGNOSIS OF CHIKUNGUNYA FEVER", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 20418981\nPMCID: PMC2856377", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:43:06Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:43:06Z" } }, { "key": "MVD7QVKM", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/MVD7QVKM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/MVD7QVKM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MVD7QVKM", "version": 4, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "WHO | Chikungunya", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Chikungunya: WHO fact sheet on Chikungunya providing key facts and information on scope of the problem, who is at risk, prevention, WHO response.", "websiteTitle": "WHO", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.who.int/entity/mediacentre/factsheets/fs327/en/index.html", "accessDate": "2015-11-24T19:41:04Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:42:51Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:42:51Z" } }, { "key": "2SZBNW9F", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 435257, "name": "Pharm Development", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/435257/items/2SZBNW9F", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/pharm_development/items/2SZBNW9F", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2603044, "username": "jhelliott14", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jhelliott14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2SZBNW9F", "version": 4, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Geographic Distribution | Chikungunya virus | CDC", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.cdc.gov/chikungunya/geo/", "accessDate": "2015-11-24T19:41:30Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-11-26T00:42:45Z", "dateModified": "2015-11-26T00:42:45Z" } } ]