[
    {
        "key": "2K3JM9GV",
        "version": 173,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/2K3JM9GV",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/2K3JM9GV",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/56WF39I3",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "2K3JM9GV",
            "version": 173,
            "parentItem": "56WF39I3",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "linked_url",
            "title": "PubMed entry",
            "accessDate": "2018-04-05T16:27:12Z",
            "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20929725",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-04-05T16:27:12Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-04-05T16:27:12Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "6S9Z5Y8Z",
        "version": 173,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/6S9Z5Y8Z",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/6S9Z5Y8Z",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/56WF39I3",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "6S9Z5Y8Z",
            "version": 173,
            "parentItem": "56WF39I3",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-04-05T16:27:12Z",
            "url": "http://science.sciencemag.org/content/330/6004/686.full.pdf",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Woolley et al. - 2010 - Evidence for a Collective Intelligence Factor in t.pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-04-05T16:27:12Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-04-05T16:27:12Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "56WF39I3",
        "version": 176,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/56WF39I3",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/56WF39I3",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Woolley et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2010-10-29",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "56WF39I3",
            "version": 176,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Evidence for a Collective Intelligence Factor in the Performance of Human Groups",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Anita Williams",
                    "lastName": "Woolley"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Christopher F.",
                    "lastName": "Chabris"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Alex",
                    "lastName": "Pentland"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Nada",
                    "lastName": "Hashmi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Thomas W.",
                    "lastName": "Malone"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Meeting of Minds\nThe performance of humans across a range of different kinds of cognitive tasks has been encapsulated as a common statistical factor called g or general intelligence factor. What intelligence actually is, is unclear and hotly debated, yet there is a reproducible association of g with performance outcomes, such as income and academic achievement. Woolley et al. (p. 686, published online 30 September) report a psychometric methodology for quantifying a factor termed “collective intelligence” (c), which reflects how well groups perform on a similarly diverse set of group problem-solving tasks. The primary contributors to c appear to be the g factors of the group members, along with a propensity toward social sensitivity—in essence, how well individuals work with others.\nPsychologists have repeatedly shown that a single statistical factor—often called “general intelligence”—emerges from the correlations among people’s performance on a wide variety of cognitive tasks. But no one has systematically examined whether a similar kind of “collective intelligence” exists for groups of people. In two studies with 699 people, working in groups of two to five, we find converging evidence of a general collective intelligence factor that explains a group’s performance on a wide variety of tasks. This “c factor” is not strongly correlated with the average or maximum individual intelligence of group members but is correlated with the average social sensitivity of group members, the equality in distribution of conversational turn-taking, and the proportion of females in the group.\nA metric for group performance on a battery of cognitive tasks yields a group intelligence quantity: collective intelligence.\nA metric for group performance on a battery of cognitive tasks yields a group intelligence quantity: collective intelligence.",
            "publicationTitle": "Science",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2010/10/29",
            "volume": "330",
            "issue": "6004",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "686-688",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "",
            "DOI": "10.1126/science.1193147",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://science.sciencemag.org/content/330/6004/686",
            "accessDate": "2018-04-05T16:27:09Z",
            "PMID": "20929725",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "en",
            "libraryCatalog": "science.sciencemag.org",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "Copyright © 2010, American Association for the Advancement of Science",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-04-05T16:27:09Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-04-05T16:27:09Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "NK7NQ9Z8",
        "version": 172,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/NK7NQ9Z8",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/NK7NQ9Z8",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Starbird",
            "parsedDate": "2017",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "NK7NQ9Z8",
            "version": 172,
            "itemType": "conferencePaper",
            "title": "Examining the Alternative Media Ecosystem Through the Production of Alternative Narratives of Mass Shooting Events on Twitter.",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kate",
                    "lastName": "Starbird"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "",
            "proceedingsTitle": "International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
            "conferenceName": "International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2017",
            "eventPlace": "",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "pages": "230–239",
            "series": "",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "DOI": "",
            "ISBN": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "https://www.aaai.org/ocs/index.php/ICWSM/ICWSM17/paper/view/15603",
            "accessDate": "",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "Google Scholar",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2017-10-03T11:01:23Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-30T15:15:28Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "BCJIGIQS",
        "version": 172,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/BCJIGIQS",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/BCJIGIQS",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Zollo et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2017-07-24",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "BCJIGIQS",
            "version": 172,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Debunking in a world of tribes",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Fabiana",
                    "lastName": "Zollo"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Alessandro",
                    "lastName": "Bessi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Michela",
                    "lastName": "Del Vicario"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Antonio",
                    "lastName": "Scala"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Guido",
                    "lastName": "Caldarelli"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Louis",
                    "lastName": "Shekhtman"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Shlomo",
                    "lastName": "Havlin"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Walter",
                    "lastName": "Quattrociocchi"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Social media aggregate people around common interests eliciting collective framing of narratives and worldviews. However, in such a disintermediated environment misinformation is pervasive and attempts to debunk are often undertaken to contrast this trend. In this work, we examine the effectiveness of debunking on Facebook through a quantitative analysis of 54 million users over a time span of five years (Jan 2010, Dec 2014). In particular, we compare how users usually consuming proven (scientific) and unsubstantiated (conspiracy-like) information on Facebook US interact with specific debunking posts. Our findings confirm the existence of echo chambers where users interact primarily with either conspiracy-like or scientific pages. However, both groups interact similarly with the information within their echo chamber. Then, we measure how users from both echo chambers interacted with 50,220 debunking posts accounting for both users consumption patterns and the sentiment expressed in their comments. Sentiment analysis reveals a dominant negativity in the comments to debunking posts. Furthermore, such posts remain mainly confined to the scientific echo chamber. Only few conspiracy users engage with corrections and their liking and commenting rates on conspiracy posts increases after the interaction.",
            "publicationTitle": "PLOS ONE",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "Jul 24, 2017",
            "volume": "12",
            "issue": "7",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "e0181821",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "PLOS ONE",
            "DOI": "10.1371/journal.pone.0181821",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0181821",
            "accessDate": "2017-10-04T11:18:46Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "1932-6203",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "PLoS Journals",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Autism",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Cancer vaccines",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Facebook",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Genetically modified organisms",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Global health",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Magazines",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Medicine and health sciences",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Political aspects of health",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2017-10-04T11:18:46Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-29T16:42:41Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "MDAGFSMR",
        "version": 176,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/MDAGFSMR",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/MDAGFSMR",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Del Vicario et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2016-01-19",
            "numChildren": 3
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "MDAGFSMR",
            "version": 176,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "The spreading of misinformation online",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Michela",
                    "lastName": "Del Vicario"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Alessandro",
                    "lastName": "Bessi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Fabiana",
                    "lastName": "Zollo"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Fabio",
                    "lastName": "Petroni"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Antonio",
                    "lastName": "Scala"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Guido",
                    "lastName": "Caldarelli"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "H. Eugene",
                    "lastName": "Stanley"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Walter",
                    "lastName": "Quattrociocchi"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "The wide availability of user-provided content in online social media facilitates the aggregation of people around common interests, worldviews, and narratives. However, the World Wide Web (WWW) also allows for the rapid dissemination of unsubstantiated rumors and conspiracy theories that often elicit rapid, large, but naive social responses such as the recent case of Jade Helm 15––where a simple military exercise turned out to be perceived as the beginning of a new civil war in the United States. In this work, we address the determinants governing misinformation spreading through a thorough quantitative analysis. In particular, we focus on how Facebook users consume information related to two distinct narratives: scientific and conspiracy news. We find that, although consumers of scientific and conspiracy stories present similar consumption patterns with respect to content, cascade dynamics differ. Selective exposure to content is the primary driver of content diffusion and generates the formation of homogeneous clusters, i.e., “echo chambers.” Indeed, homogeneity appears to be the primary driver for the diffusion of contents and each echo chamber has its own cascade dynamics. Finally, we introduce a data-driven percolation model mimicking rumor spreading and we show that homogeneity and polarization are the main determinants for predicting cascades’ size.",
            "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "01/19/2016",
            "volume": "113",
            "issue": "3",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "554-559",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS",
            "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.1517441113",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/113/3/554",
            "accessDate": "2017-10-03T13:43:39Z",
            "PMID": "26729863",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "en",
            "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Facebook",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "cascades",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "misinformation",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "rumor spreading",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "virality",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2017-10-03T13:43:39Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-29T16:42:22Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "K79MCQ4V",
        "version": 171,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/K79MCQ4V",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/K79MCQ4V",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Bessi et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2014-11-10",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "K79MCQ4V",
            "version": 171,
            "itemType": "conferencePaper",
            "title": "Social Determinants of Content Selection in the Age of (Mis)Information",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Alessandro",
                    "lastName": "Bessi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Guido",
                    "lastName": "Caldarelli"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Michela",
                    "lastName": "Del Vicario"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Antonio",
                    "lastName": "Scala"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Walter",
                    "lastName": "Quattrociocchi"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Despite the enthusiastic rhetoric about the so called collective intelligence, conspiracy theories – e.g. global warming induced by chemtrails or the link between vaccines and autism – find on the Web a natural medium for their dissemination. Users preferentially consume information according to their system of beliefs and the strife within users of opposite worldviews (e.g., scientific and conspiracist) may result in heated debates. In this work we provide a genuine example of information consumption on a set of 1.2 million of Facebook Italian users. We show by means of a thorough quantitative analysis that information supporting different worldviews – i.e. scientific and conspiracist news – are consumed in a comparable way. Moreover, we measure the effect of 4709 evidently false information (satirical version of conspiracist stories) and 4502 debunking memes (information aiming at contrasting unsubstantiated rumors) on polarized users of conspiracy claims.",
            "proceedingsTitle": "Social Informatics",
            "conferenceName": "International Conference on Social Informatics",
            "publisher": "Springer, Cham",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2014/11/10",
            "eventPlace": "",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "pages": "259-268",
            "series": "Lecture Notes in Computer Science",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-319-13734-6_18",
            "ISBN": "978-3-319-13733-9 978-3-319-13734-6",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-319-13734-6_18",
            "accessDate": "2017-10-03T14:05:33Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "en",
            "libraryCatalog": "link.springer.com",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2017-10-03T14:05:33Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-29T16:42:10Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "7WV8DAX3",
        "version": 168,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/7WV8DAX3",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/7WV8DAX3",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Schank and Abelson",
            "parsedDate": "1995",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "7WV8DAX3",
            "version": 168,
            "itemType": "bookSection",
            "title": "Knowledge and Memory: The Real Story",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Roger C.",
                    "lastName": "Schank"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Robert P.",
                    "lastName": "Abelson"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "editor",
                    "firstName": "Robert S.",
                    "lastName": "Wyer"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "In this essay, we argue that stories about one's experiences, and the experiences of others, are the fundamental constituents of human memory, knowledge, and social communication. This argument includes three propositions: 1) Virtually all human knowledge is based on stories constructed around past experiences; 2) New experiences are interpreted in terms of old stories; 3) The content of story memories depends on whether and how they are told to others, and these reconstituted memories form the basis of the individual's \"remembered\" self\". Further, shared story memories within social groups define particular social selves, which may bolster or compete with individual remembered selves.",
            "bookTitle": "Knowledge and Memory: The Real Story",
            "series": "",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "volume": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "edition": "",
            "date": "1995",
            "publisher": "Lawrence Erlbaum Associates",
            "place": "",
            "originalDate": "",
            "originalPublisher": "",
            "originalPlace": "",
            "format": "",
            "pages": "1-85",
            "ISBN": "",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "2017-10-05T21:17:55Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Knowledge and Memory",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "cogprints.org",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2017-10-05T21:17:55Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-29T16:32:04Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "DTQZKF4S",
        "version": 167,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/DTQZKF4S",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/DTQZKF4S",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Bruner",
            "parsedDate": "1991",
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "DTQZKF4S",
            "version": 167,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "The Narrative Construction of Reality",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Jerome S.",
                    "lastName": "Bruner"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "",
            "publicationTitle": "Critical Inquiry",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "1991",
            "volume": "18",
            "issue": "1",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "1-21",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "Critical Inquiry",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/1343711",
            "accessDate": "2015-11-27T19:47:18Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "0093-1896",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-11-27T19:47:18Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-29T16:26:27Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "MZV9BVXH",
        "version": 166,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/MZV9BVXH",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/MZV9BVXH",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Bartlett",
            "parsedDate": "1932",
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "MZV9BVXH",
            "version": 166,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Remembering: An Experimental and Social Study",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "FC",
                    "lastName": "Bartlett"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "",
            "publicationTitle": "Cambridge: Cambridge University",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "1932",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "",
            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "2015-11-27T20:54:38Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Remembering",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "CiteULike",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "resources",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2015-11-27T20:54:38Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-03-29T16:25:28Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "F4J2D33Q",
        "version": 164,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/F4J2D33Q",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/F4J2D33Q",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/CI6QIFYH",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "F4J2D33Q",
            "version": 164,
            "parentItem": "CI6QIFYH",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ACM Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-02-01T12:42:47Z",
            "url": "http://dl.acm.org.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/ft_gateway.cfm?id=2820009&type=pdf",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Karumur et al. - 2016 - Early Activity Diversity Assessing Newcomer Reten.pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-02-01T12:42:47Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-02-01T12:42:47Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "CI6QIFYH",
        "version": 165,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/CI6QIFYH",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/CI6QIFYH",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "lastModifiedByUser": {
                "id": 2772240,
                "username": "jdecook",
                "name": "Julia DeCook",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jdecook",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Karumur et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2016",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "CI6QIFYH",
            "version": 165,
            "itemType": "conferencePaper",
            "title": "Early Activity Diversity: Assessing Newcomer Retention from First-Session Activity",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Raghav Pavan",
                    "lastName": "Karumur"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Tien T.",
                    "lastName": "Nguyen"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Joseph A.",
                    "lastName": "Konstan"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Online communities suffer serious newcomer attrition. This paper explores whether and how early activity diversity â the degree to which a newcomer engages in a wide range of a siteâs activities in the first session â is associated with their longevity. We introduce a metric (DSCORE) to characterize early activity diversity in online sites and run our analyses on an online community ‘MovieLens’. We find that DSCORE is significant both by itself and in conjunction with a measure of quantity of activity in predicting longevity. This finding is robust to different measures of longevity (aggregate number of sessions and attritions after sessions 1, 5, and 10). The immediate implication is an effective classifier for identifying users with higher (or lower) expected longevity from the first-session activity. We also find DSCORE is more useful than a traditional measure of measuring diversity such as the Gini-Simpson index. We conclude by discussing how early activity diversity may be more broadly effective in supporting design and management of online communities.",
            "proceedingsTitle": "Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing",
            "conferenceName": "",
            "publisher": "ACM",
            "place": "New York, NY, USA",
            "date": "2016",
            "eventPlace": "",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "pages": "595–608",
            "series": "CSCW '16",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "DOI": "10.1145/2818048.2820009",
            "ISBN": "978-1-4503-3592-8",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/2818048.2820009",
            "accessDate": "2018-02-01T12:42:46Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Early Activity Diversity",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "ACM Digital Library",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "activity",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "activity diversity",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "dealing with newcomers",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "early user experience",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "first session",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "longevity",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "newcomer engagement",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "newcomer retention",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-02-01T12:42:46Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-02-01T12:42:46Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "979ZUEQR",
        "version": 163,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/979ZUEQR",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/979ZUEQR",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/C2EN5CQ7",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "979ZUEQR",
            "version": 163,
            "parentItem": "C2EN5CQ7",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ACM Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-02-01T12:40:54Z",
            "url": "http://dl.acm.org.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1518847&type=pdf",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Burke et al. - 2009 - Feed Me Motivating Newcomer Contribution in Socia.pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-02-01T12:40:54Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-02-01T12:40:54Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "C2EN5CQ7",
        "version": 165,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/C2EN5CQ7",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/C2EN5CQ7",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "lastModifiedByUser": {
                "id": 2772240,
                "username": "jdecook",
                "name": "Julia DeCook",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jdecook",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Burke et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2009",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "C2EN5CQ7",
            "version": 165,
            "itemType": "conferencePaper",
            "title": "Feed Me: Motivating Newcomer Contribution in Social Network Sites",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Moira",
                    "lastName": "Burke"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Cameron",
                    "lastName": "Marlow"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Thomas",
                    "lastName": "Lento"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Social networking sites (SNS) are only as good as the content their users share. Therefore, designers of SNS seek to improve the overall user experience by encouraging members to contribute more content. However, user motivations for contribution in SNS are not well understood. This is particularly true for newcomers, who may not recognize the value of contribution. Using server log data from approximately 140,000 newcomers in Facebook, we predict long-term sharing based on the experiences the newcomers have in their first two weeks. We test four mechanisms: social learning, singling out, feedback, and distribution. In particular, we find support for social learning: newcomers who see their friends contributing go on to share more content themselves. For newcomers who are initially inclined to contribute, receiving feedback and having a wide audience are also predictors of increased sharing. On the other hand, singling out appears to affect only those newcomers who are not initially inclined to share. The paper concludes with design implications for motivating newcomer sharing in online communities.",
            "proceedingsTitle": "Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems",
            "conferenceName": "",
            "publisher": "ACM",
            "place": "New York, NY, USA",
            "date": "2009",
            "eventPlace": "",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "pages": "945–954",
            "series": "CHI '09",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "DOI": "10.1145/1518701.1518847",
            "ISBN": "978-1-60558-246-7",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1518701.1518847",
            "accessDate": "2018-02-01T12:40:52Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Feed Me",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "ACM Digital Library",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "SNS",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "distribution",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "feedback",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "motivating contribution",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "production incentives",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "sharing",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "singling out",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "social learning",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "social network sites",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-02-01T12:40:52Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-02-01T12:40:52Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "NPG7FKVE",
        "version": 162,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/NPG7FKVE",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/NPG7FKVE",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/R2DDRTBD",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "NPG7FKVE",
            "version": 162,
            "parentItem": "R2DDRTBD",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ACM Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-02-01T12:39:45Z",
            "url": "http://dl.acm.org.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1718940&type=pdf",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Choi et al. - 2010 - Socialization Tactics in Wikipedia and Their Effec.pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-02-01T12:39:45Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-02-01T12:39:45Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "R2DDRTBD",
        "version": 162,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/R2DDRTBD",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/R2DDRTBD",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Choi et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2010",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "R2DDRTBD",
            "version": 162,
            "itemType": "conferencePaper",
            "title": "Socialization Tactics in Wikipedia and Their Effects",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Boreum",
                    "lastName": "Choi"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kira",
                    "lastName": "Alexander"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Robert E.",
                    "lastName": "Kraut"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "John M.",
                    "lastName": "Levine"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Socialization of newcomers is critical both for conventional groups. It helps groups perform effectively and the newcomers develop commitment. However, little empirical research has investigated the impact of specific socialization tactics on newcomers' commitment to online groups. We examined WikiProjects, subgroups in Wikipedia organized around working on common topics or tasks. In study 1, we identified the seven socialization tactics used most frequently: invitations to join, welcome messages, requests to work on project-related tasks, offers of assistance, positive feedback on a new member's work, constructive criticism, and personal-related comments. In study 2, we examined their impact on newcomers' commitment to the project. Whereas most newcomers contributed fewer edits over time, the declines were slowed or reversed for those socialized with welcome messages, assistance, and constructive criticism. In contrast, invitations led to steeper declines in edits. These results suggest that different socialization tactics play different roles in socializing new members in online groups compared to offline ones.",
            "proceedingsTitle": "Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work",
            "conferenceName": "",
            "publisher": "ACM",
            "place": "New York, NY, USA",
            "date": "2010",
            "eventPlace": "",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "pages": "107–116",
            "series": "CSCW '10",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "DOI": "10.1145/1718918.1718940",
            "ISBN": "978-1-60558-795-0",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1718918.1718940",
            "accessDate": "2018-02-01T12:39:42Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "ACM Digital Library",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "socialization",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "wikipedia",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "wikiproject",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-02-01T12:39:42Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-02-01T12:39:42Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "JZN2AWGW",
        "version": 162,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/JZN2AWGW",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/JZN2AWGW",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/JXTY79KG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "JZN2AWGW",
            "version": 162,
            "parentItem": "JXTY79KG",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ScienceDirect Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T21:26:02Z",
            "url": "https://ac-els-cdn-com.proxy2.cl.msu.edu/S0277953607000160/1-s2.0-S0277953607000160-main.pdf?_tid=5165ede8-06cd-11e8-bf40-00000aacb362&acdnat=1517434134_2bbfae95ee40ea1a8794e29729a56cf3",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Sillence et al. - 2007 - How do patients evaluate and make use of online he.pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T21:26:02Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T21:26:02Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "VSRGYK9X",
        "version": 162,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/VSRGYK9X",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/VSRGYK9X",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/JXTY79KG",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "VSRGYK9X",
            "version": 162,
            "parentItem": "JXTY79KG",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T21:26:00Z",
            "url": "https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy2.cl.msu.edu/science/article/pii/S0277953607000160?via%3Dihub",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "filename": "S0277953607000160.html",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T21:26:00Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T21:26:00Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "JXTY79KG",
        "version": 162,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/JXTY79KG",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/JXTY79KG",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Sillence et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2007-05-01",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "JXTY79KG",
            "version": 162,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "How do patients evaluate and make use of online health information?",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Elizabeth",
                    "lastName": "Sillence"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Pam",
                    "lastName": "Briggs"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Peter Richard",
                    "lastName": "Harris"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Lesley",
                    "lastName": "Fishwick"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Increasing numbers of people are turning to the Internet for health advice despite reports that sites vary in terms of their quality. How do they decide whether or not to trust the advice they find online? A staged model of trust development is proposed and tested here in a longitudinal study in which fifteen women faced with decisions concerning the menopause and hormone replacement therapy (HRT) were observed while searching the Internet for information and advice over four consecutive weeks and then kept diaries over a six-month follow-up period. The women were all resident in the North-East of England and were recruited through advertisements in the local media. The study provided general support for a three-stage model of trust in which participants firstly engaged in rapid heuristic processing of information, efficiently sifting and rejecting general sales sites and portals but sometimes rejecting high-quality content because of poor design. Well-designed sites were then effectively interrogated for credible and personalized content before being designated trustworthy. The women appeared to act much like ‘scientists’ using web material to generate and test hypotheses and theories about HRT, although their capacity to deal with certain forms of risk information was limited. They subsequently reported integrating online advice with offline advice from friends, family and physicians in order to be fully confident in their final decisions. Women felt that the Internet influenced their decision-making and improved communications with physicians. Personalized stories from like-minded others improved trust perceptions. Despite the use of the Internet the physician was still seen as the primary source of information and advice.",
            "publicationTitle": "Social Science & Medicine",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "May 1, 2007",
            "volume": "64",
            "issue": "9",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "1853-1862",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "Social Science & Medicine",
            "DOI": "10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.01.012",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953607000160",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T21:25:54Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "0277-9536",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "Health information seeking",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Hormone replacement therapy",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Internet",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Risk perception",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Trust",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "UK",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T21:25:54Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T21:25:54Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "9VL4ECCR",
        "version": 161,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/9VL4ECCR",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/9VL4ECCR",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/SLH7CGUM",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "9VL4ECCR",
            "version": 161,
            "parentItem": "SLH7CGUM",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ScienceDirect Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T21:25:06Z",
            "url": "https://ac-els-cdn-com.proxy2.cl.msu.edu/S0747563214004427/1-s2.0-S0747563214004427-main.pdf?_tid=2fbe6198-06cd-11e8-9b54-00000aab0f26&acdnat=1517434077_e580057aa0f44c8ea4f7e3f9aecc972d",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Lu et al. - 2014 - Promote physical activity among college students .pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T21:25:06Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T21:25:06Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "XGTQSRTT",
        "version": 161,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/XGTQSRTT",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/XGTQSRTT",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/SLH7CGUM",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "XGTQSRTT",
            "version": 161,
            "parentItem": "SLH7CGUM",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T21:25:04Z",
            "url": "https://www-sciencedirect-com.proxy2.cl.msu.edu/science/article/pii/S0747563214004427?via%3Dihub",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "utf-8",
            "filename": "S0747563214004427.html",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T21:25:04Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T21:25:04Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "SLH7CGUM",
        "version": 161,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/SLH7CGUM",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/SLH7CGUM",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Lu et al.",
            "parsedDate": "2014-12-01",
            "numChildren": 2
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "SLH7CGUM",
            "version": 161,
            "itemType": "journalArticle",
            "title": "Promote physical activity among college students: Using media richness and interactivity in web design",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Yu",
                    "lastName": "Lu"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Youjeong",
                    "lastName": "Kim"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Xue (Yuki)",
                    "lastName": "Dou"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Sonali",
                    "lastName": "Kumar"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Recently with widely available access, the web has emerged as a medium for new interventions. However, as yet, little is known about what makes some websites more effective than others. This study investigated an approach to developing websites that utilized two media characteristics – media richness and interactivity – to promote physical activity among college students. Four forms of websites were developed and tested in a 2×2 between-subject experiment (high vs. low richness; high vs. low interactivity) that was conducted among 205 participants. Overall, media richness had a significant main effect on college students’ intention to visit the fitness center while interactivity influenced the likelihood they would recommend it. Although media richness did not have a significant main effect on recommendation, a significant interaction effect was observed that rich media led to higher recommendation intention when interactivity level was low. In addition, knowledge, attitude and trustworthiness of the fitness center mediated the effects of media richness and interactivity on behavioral intentions. These findings support the efficacy of utilizing these media characteristics to design web-based health interventions promoting college students’ physical activity.",
            "publicationTitle": "Computers in Human Behavior",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "December 1, 2014",
            "volume": "41",
            "issue": "",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "40-50",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "Computers in Human Behavior",
            "DOI": "10.1016/j.chb.2014.08.012",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0747563214004427",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T21:24:58Z",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "0747-5632",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "Promote physical activity among college students",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "College student",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Interactivity",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Media richness",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Physical activity",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "Web-based health intervention",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T21:24:58Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T21:24:58Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "485IZDNE",
        "version": 158,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/485IZDNE",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/485IZDNE",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/3AZKW4GM",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "numChildren": 0
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "485IZDNE",
            "version": 158,
            "parentItem": "3AZKW4GM",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "imported_url",
            "title": "ACM Full Text PDF",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T19:36:20Z",
            "url": "http://dl.acm.org.proxy1.cl.msu.edu/ft_gateway.cfm?id=1979028&type=pdf",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "application/pdf",
            "charset": "",
            "filename": "Kim and Sundar - 2011 - Using Interface Cues in Online Health Community Bo.pdf",
            "md5": null,
            "mtime": null,
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T19:36:20Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T19:36:20Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "3AZKW4GM",
        "version": 158,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/3AZKW4GM",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/3AZKW4GM",
                "type": "text/html"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            },
            "creatorSummary": "Kim and Sundar",
            "parsedDate": "2011",
            "numChildren": 1
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "3AZKW4GM",
            "version": 158,
            "itemType": "conferencePaper",
            "title": "Using Interface Cues in Online Health Community Boards to Change Impressions and Encourage User Contribution",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Hyang-Sook",
                    "lastName": "Kim"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "S. Shyam",
                    "lastName": "Sundar"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Online health message boards have become popular, as users not only gain information from other users but also share their own experiences. However, as with most venues of user-generated content, there is need to constantly make quality evaluations as one sifts through enormous amounts of content. Can interface cues, conveying (1) pedigree of users posting content and (2) popularity of the posted content, help new users efficiently make credibility assessments? Furthermore, can the assignment of these same cues to their own posts serve to motivate content generation on their part? These questions were investigated in a 2-session between-subjects experiment (N = 99) with a prototype of a message-board that experimentally varied interface cues, and found that popularity indicators are more influential than pedigree indicators for both evaluation of existing content and contribution of new content. Findings also suggest theoretical mechanisms - involving such concepts as perceived authority, bandwagon effects, sense of agency and sense of community - by which cues affect user experience, providing rich implications for designing and deploying interface cues.",
            "proceedingsTitle": "Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems",
            "conferenceName": "",
            "publisher": "ACM",
            "place": "New York, NY, USA",
            "date": "2011",
            "eventPlace": "",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "numberOfVolumes": "",
            "pages": "599–608",
            "series": "CHI '11",
            "seriesNumber": "",
            "DOI": "10.1145/1978942.1979028",
            "ISBN": "978-1-4503-0228-9",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "http://doi.acm.org/10.1145/1978942.1979028",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T19:36:16Z",
            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "",
            "libraryCatalog": "ACM Digital Library",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
                {
                    "tag": "authority cues",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "bandwagon cues",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "health community boards",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "heuristics",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "sense of agency",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "sense of community",
                    "type": 1
                },
                {
                    "tag": "user contribution",
                    "type": 1
                }
            ],
            "collections": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T19:36:16Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T19:36:16Z"
        }
    },
    {
        "key": "GVYPPKLG",
        "version": 157,
        "library": {
            "type": "group",
            "id": 431414,
            "name": "ConspiracyTheory",
            "links": {
                "alternate": {
                    "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory",
                    "type": "text/html"
                }
            }
        },
        "links": {
            "self": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/GVYPPKLG",
                "type": "application/json"
            },
            "alternate": {
                "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/conspiracytheory/items/GVYPPKLG",
                "type": "text/html"
            },
            "up": {
                "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/431414/items/SAVVEAPD",
                "type": "application/json"
            }
        },
        "meta": {
            "createdByUser": {
                "id": 274592,
                "username": "jintrone",
                "name": "",
                "links": {
                    "alternate": {
                        "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jintrone",
                        "type": "text/html"
                    }
                }
            }
        },
        "data": {
            "key": "GVYPPKLG",
            "version": 157,
            "parentItem": "SAVVEAPD",
            "itemType": "attachment",
            "linkMode": "linked_url",
            "title": "Google Books Link",
            "accessDate": "2018-01-31T18:41:43Z",
            "url": "https://books.google.com/books?id=qBfRDQAAQBAJ",
            "note": "",
            "contentType": "text/html",
            "charset": "",
            "tags": [],
            "relations": {},
            "dateAdded": "2018-01-31T18:41:43Z",
            "dateModified": "2018-01-31T18:41:43Z"
        }
    }
]