[ { "key": "RC2WKJFI", "version": 9, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/RC2WKJFI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/RC2WKJFI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 2675954, "username": "paolarodriguez", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paolarodriguez", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kazeem and Adegun", "parsedDate": "2011-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RC2WKJFI", "version": 9, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Leprosy stigma: ironing out the creases", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Omobolanle", "lastName": "Kazeem" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Temitayo", "lastName": "Adegun" } ], "abstractNote": "Oft-cited as a deterrent to elimination of the disease, stigma is still a critical feature of the leprosy landscape leading to ostracism, loss of employment, loss of housing, ridicule and rejection from society. The reason for leprosy-stigma rests historically and culturally on the mythology about the disease's origin and transmission, and its aesthetic features such as the enigmatic physical disfigurement, and the distinctive ulcers consequent of untreated leprosy. While the literature on leprosy has been consistent in showing that stigma is a social complication of the condition worldwide, there is seldom recognition of processes of stigmatisation in broader contexts. Effective and sustainable interventions directed at curbing leprosy stigma and so improving its social course must, however, be informed by an appreciation of such contexts; particularly in the light of the goal to eliminate the disease worldwide. Examining stigma in the broader contexts of historical, social, economic, political contexts is the aim of this paper. The paper also has implications for broad ranging intervention efforts aimed at de-constructing leprosy-stigma in order to craft a more accommodating ambiance of acceptance, care and support for people affected by leprosy.", "publicationTitle": "Leprosy Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jun 2011", "volume": "82", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "103-108", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Lepr Rev", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0305-7518", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Leprosy stigma", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 21888135", "tags": [ { "tag": "Leprosy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Social Environment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Social Isolation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Social Stigma", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stereotyping", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "8KTT5WIR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2023-11-17T18:53:37Z" } }, { "key": "CP3M598U", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/CP3M598U", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/CP3M598U", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675954, "username": "paolarodriguez", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paolarodriguez", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Acuña", "parsedDate": "2019", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CP3M598U", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "RIESGO DE ADICCIÓN A ANALGÉSICOS OPIOIDES EN EL TRATAMIENTO DE DOLOR CRÓNICO NO ONCOLÓGICO", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Juan Pablo", "lastName": "Acuña" } ], "abstractNote": "Los analgésicos opioides son eficaces en el alivio del dolor crónico no oncológico (DCNO). Sin embargo, en tratamiento a largo plazo genera tolerancia, dependencia física y riesgo de desarrollar adicción. Estos fenómenos son causados por el efecto agonista en los receptores opioides que modulan las vías del dolor y producen un efecto hedónico intenso en el sistema de recompensa cerebral. La exposición repetida a opioides produce neuroadaptación que disminuye el efecto analgésico, produce anhedonia, aparición síntomas de abstinencia y cambios conductuales que pueden gatillar abuso y dependencia.El conocimiento actual nos permite entender la dependencia a opioides como una enfermedad cerebral de origen multifactorial. En pacientes con DCNO se ha podido establecer que el riesgo a desarrollar una adicción a opioides aumenta cuando hay antecedentes de abuso y dependencia a sustancias, presencia de psicomorbilidades, un ambiente social favorecedor al consumo, y cuando se prescriben dosis superiores a 120mg de morfina equivalente al día (MME). Por otra parte, el aumento de la prescripción indiscriminada de estos fármacos ha causado graves consecuencias en la población general en muchos países, incrementando la poblacion dependiente, la mortalidad por sobredosis de opioides y el tráfico a nivel mundial. Guías clínicas basadas en la evidencia y consenso de expertos recomiendan que los opioides en DCNO deben ser parte de un manejo multidisciplinario, ponderando la presencia de factores de riesgo y el beneficio esperado. Aunque es difícil demostrar con evidencia que estas recomendaciones tengan impacto en reducir el riesgo, todas dan énfasis en estrategias de prevención, pesquisa precoz y seguimiento específico para el uso de estos fármacos.", "publicationTitle": "Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2019", "volume": "30", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "466-479", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes", "DOI": "10.1016/j.rmclc.2019.10.004", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-medica-clinica-las-condes-202-articulo-riesgo-de-adiccion-a-analgesicos-S0716864019300896", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "07168640", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "RKNMYNS4" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-11-17T18:50:59Z", "dateModified": "2023-11-17T18:50:59Z" } }, { "key": "YIEJGZ7I", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/YIEJGZ7I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/YIEJGZ7I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675954, "username": "paolarodriguez", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/paolarodriguez", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bilbeny", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "YIEJGZ7I", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "DOLOR CRÓNICO EN CHILE", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Norberto", "lastName": "Bilbeny" } ], "abstractNote": "El dolor crónico ha sido definido como aquel dolor que persiste más allá del tiempo de la recuperación de una injuria, o aquel dolor que persiste o recurre más allá de tres meses. La nueva revisión de la Clasificación Internacional de Enfermedades (CIE-11), que comienza a regir el año 2022, incorpora al dolor crónico como una enfermedad propiamente tal, clasificándola en dolor crónico primario y síndromes de dolor crónico secundario.En relación a los aspectos epidemiológicos, cabe destacar que la prevalencia en Chile es de un 32%, siendo el dolor moderado a severo el 85% y, principalmente, osteomuscular (65%) dentro de las cuáles el lumbago y la artrosis son las dos causas más frecuentemente mencionadas. El dolor crónico es de larga duración y se presenta a diario. Respecto a los tratamientos del dolor, un 30% refiere que es malo. Causa un alto impacto y deterioro en la calidad de vida con gran ausentismo laboral, especialmente, en el grupo de edad con mayor actividad laboral.El dolor crónico músculo-esquelético produce una gran discapacidad con 1200000 Años Vividos con discapacidad (AVD) y el lumbago crónico con más de 300000 AVD, pasando a ser esta última, la primera carga de enfermedad en Chile, superando a la cardiopatía hipertensiva y a la depresión.En Chile, el costo del dolor crónico musculoesquelético de 6 patologías fue aproximadamente de CLP$550.000.000.000, equivalente casi al 0.42 del Producto Geográfico Bruto (PGB).El dolor crónico debe ser considerado un problema prioritario de salud pública en Chile.", "publicationTitle": "Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Revista Médica Clínica Las Condes", "DOI": "10.1016/j.rmclc.2019.08.002", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.elsevier.es/es-revista-revista-medica-clinica-las-condes-202-articulo-dolor-cronico-en-chile-S0716864019300884", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "07168640", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2023-11-17T00:37:08Z", "dateModified": "2023-11-17T00:37:08Z" } }, { "key": "B5BEWWB7", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/B5BEWWB7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/B5BEWWB7", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/XXEDFVVR", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "B5BEWWB7", "version": 5, "parentItem": "XXEDFVVR", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-10-17T01:50:55Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19229402", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z" } }, { "key": "K6FB7MSM", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/K6FB7MSM", "type": 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"contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z" } }, { "key": "3S94WBVP", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/3S94WBVP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/3S94WBVP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/NFI32CZ9", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "3S94WBVP", "version": 5, "parentItem": "NFI32CZ9", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": 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"https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "HJ8WMJC7", "version": 5, "parentItem": "5PSIQ5SE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-10-16T23:06:42Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24508610", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z" } }, { "key": "XXEDFVVR", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/XXEDFVVR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/XXEDFVVR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lana et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-12", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "XXEDFVVR", "version": 5, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Physical disabilities resulting from Hansen's disease in Vale do Jequitinhonha/state of Minas Gerais, Brazil", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Francisco Carlos Félix", "lastName": "Lana" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Evaldo Pinheiro", "lastName": "Amaral" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fernanda Moura", "lastName": "Lanza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrigo Neves E. Silva Lopes de", "lastName": "Saldanha" } ], "abstractNote": "Leprosy is potentially debilitating. The present study aims at describing and assessing the occurrence of physical disabilities in cases of leprosy in the population of the Vale do Jequitinhonha/MG, in the period 1998-2006. It is an epidemiological descriptive study and the data were collected from the Leprosy Notification Forms. This information was processed using EPI-INFO and analyzed, based on the indicators recommended by the Ministry of Health and the force of association between variables. Of the 1461 cases notified, 46.2% were diagnosed with some kind of physical disability (12.1% degree II). Of these, 59.1% were male; 96.9% of the people were over 15 years old, and 93.2% were multibacillary (p < 0.001). A hidden prevalence of 433 cases was estimated in the period 2002-2006. The results show that the diagnosis of Hansen's disease in the region is late, revealing the need to intensify prevention and control.", "publicationTitle": "Revista Latino-Americana De Enfermagem", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2008 Nov-Dec", "volume": "16", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "993-997", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Rev Lat Am Enfermagem", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0104-1169", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 19229402", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adolescent", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Brazil", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Child", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Child, Preschool", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Disabled Persons", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Infant", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Leprosy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "8KTT5WIR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z" } }, { "key": "TC7U6P2Q", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/TC7U6P2Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/TC7U6P2Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Patro et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-10", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "TC7U6P2Q", "version": 5, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Is leprosy 'elimination' a conceptual illusion?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Binod K.", "lastName": "Patro" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K.", "lastName": "Madhanraj" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amarjeet", "lastName": "Singh" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011 Sep-Oct", "volume": "77", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "549-551", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Indian J Dermatol Venereol Leprol", "DOI": "10.4103/0378-6323.84043", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0973-3922", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 21860152", "tags": [ { "tag": "Disease Eradication", 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Rev. Mex.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "01854038", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "Spanish, English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "8KTT5WIR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z" } }, { "key": "5HMN9GPF", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/5HMN9GPF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/5HMN9GPF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Saúde", "parsedDate": "1995", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5HMN9GPF", "version": 5, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Guia para la eliminacion de la lepra como problema de salud publica", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Organizaçao Mundial da", "lastName": "Saúde" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "1995", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://pesquisa.bvsalud.org/portal/resource/pt/han-10886", "accessDate": "2015-10-16T23:34:34Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "es", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "8KTT5WIR" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-17T01:54:12Z" } }, { "key": "HCH3SBWH", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 417384, "name": "Leprosy Elimination", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/417384/items/HCH3SBWH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/leprosy_elimination/items/HCH3SBWH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2675947, "username": "sroncancior", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/sroncancior", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Honrado et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-04", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HCH3SBWH", "version": 5, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Noncompliance with the World Health Organization-Multidrug Therapy Among Leprosy Patients in Cebu, Philippines: Its Causes and Implications on the Leprosy Control Program", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elsie R.", "lastName": "Honrado" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Veronica", "lastName": "Tallo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Angelita C.", "lastName": "Balis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gertrude P.", "lastName": "Chan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sang Nae", "lastName": "Cho" } ], "abstractNote": "The success of current World Health Organization (WHO) key strategy for leprosy elimination (ie, multidrug therapy [MDT] regimen) depends largely on the efficiency of health care delivery services and patient compliance. A high rate of noncompliance with this regimen has serious implications for the leprosy control program because it can set the stage for the emergence of drug resistance, eventually resulting in treatment failure and failure of the program. A community-based descriptive study using pretested interviews conducted in 12 leprosy endemic areas in Cebu, Philippines, showed that the noncompliance rate with the WHO-MDT regimen among 233 study subjects was 30%. The causes of noncompliance are drug-related, health care provider–triggered, or patient-inducted, or some combination of these. 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K.", "lastName": "Noordeen" } ], "abstractNote": "Multidrug therapy (MDT) is a major advance in leprosy control and has raised hopes among patients, health workers, and programme managers alike. Where its implementation is vigorous and sustained, the results are extremely gratifying; but problems, both technical and operational, need to be constantly reviewed and solutions found. The opportunities to markedly reduce leprosy in the next decade are immense, but it remains to be seen whether these opportunities are utilized so that leprosy will ultimately be eliminated as a public health problem.", "publicationTitle": "Bulletin of the World Health Organization", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1991", "volume": "69", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "263-269", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Bull. 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