[ { "key": "JWAR6GGA", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/JWAR6GGA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/JWAR6GGA", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/ZCCRAZTQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "JWAR6GGA", "version": 3, "parentItem": "ZCCRAZTQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "EBSCO Full Text", "accessDate": "2015-10-19T18:27:41Z", "url": "http://content.ebscohost.com/ContentServer.asp?T=P&P=AN&K=8592045&S=R&D=a9h&EbscoContent=dGJyMMvl7ESep7c4zdnyOLCmr02ep7JSsKu4TbSWxWXS&ContentCustomer=dGJyMPGuslGxq7ZLuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-19T18:27:41Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-19T18:27:41Z" } }, { "key": "8BR6U9IJ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/8BR6U9IJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/8BR6U9IJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kenneth Arinaitwe", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8BR6U9IJ", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Alternative Flame Retardants in Air and Precipitation Samples from the Northern Lake Victoria Region, East Africa", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Derek C. G. Muir", "lastName": "Kenneth Arinaitwe" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Environmental science & technology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "48", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1021/es403600a", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1520-5851", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "UXATA7VX", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/UXATA7VX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/UXATA7VX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Linda Campbell", "parsedDate": "2003", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UXATA7VX", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A Review Of Mercury in Lake Victoria, East Africa: Implications for Human and Ecosystem Health", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D. G. Dixon", "lastName": "Linda Campbell" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Journal of toxicology and environmental health. Part B, Critical reviews", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2003", "volume": "6", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "325-56", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/10937400306474", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1093-7404", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "A Review Of Mercury in Lake Victoria, East Africa", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" }, { "tag": "More useful for sources of mercury in basin" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "TSVWCQ8V", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/TSVWCQ8V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/TSVWCQ8V", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Campbell et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-09-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TSVWCQ8V", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Variation and Distribution of Total Mercury in Water, Sediment and Soil from Northern Lake Victoria, East Africa", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L. M.", "lastName": "Campbell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. E.", "lastName": "Hecky" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Muggide" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D. G.", "lastName": "Dixon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. S.", "lastName": "Ramlal" } ], "abstractNote": "Lake Victoria, the world's largest tropical freshwater lake, is an important resource, ecologically and economically. THg distribution in the northern parts of the lake are not well known, so to answer this gap, patterns in total mercury (THg) in water, soil and two dated sediment cores from northern Lake Victoria were determined. Water THg concentrations ranged from 0.7 to 5.8 ng/L, and there were no apparent differences observed between Napoleon and Winam Gulfs. Two precipitation samples had Hg concentrations of 7 and 31 ng/L. Surface soil samples collected from various agricultural sites around Jinja, Napoleon Gulf, have THg concentrations between 12.7 and 48.4 ng/g dry weight; they were correlated with organic carbon, total phosphorus and % clay. A near-shore core taken in Itome Bay in Napoleon Gulf, and an offshore core collected from the deepest part of the lake had similar THg concentrations and profiles (78 to 458 ng/g dry weight). The increase in THg concentration in the profiles of both cores began around 1960 and peaked around 1980. The similar sedimentary THg profiles and fluxes in the cores suggest that the THg sources to L. Victoria are primarily atmospheric, with some erosion inputs, and that equatorial African ecosystems are not exempt from the global increase in baseline THg concentrations.", "publicationTitle": "Biogeochemistry", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "September 1, 2003", "volume": "65", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "195-211", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Biogeochemistry", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/1469852", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T18:59:10Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0168-2563", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2003 Springer", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "TFJ7HEPC", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/TFJ7HEPC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/TFJ7HEPC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Scheren et al.", "parsedDate": "2000-04", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TFJ7HEPC", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Estimation of water pollution sources in Lake Victoria, East Africa: Application and elaboration of the rapid assessment methodology", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. A. G. M", "lastName": "Scheren" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H. A", "lastName": "Zanting" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. M. C", "lastName": "Lemmens" } ], "abstractNote": "Pollution resulting from increased human activities is threatening Lake Victoria, its effects being characterised by eutrophication and the occurrence of dramatically low dissolved oxygen levels. This study applies a system of pollution inventory methods to estimate waste loads from pollution sources on the basis of functional variables and pollution intensities. Penetration factors are used to incorporate the effects of treatment facilities and of natural ‘purification’ in rivers and wetlands. The application of a basic error analysis provides insight into the reliability of results. A one-dimensional model is applied to assess the overall nutrient balance.\n\nResults show that biological oxygen demand (BOD) load is highest on the Kenyan side. Domestic BOD loads exceed industrial loads in all regions, and management policies should therefore be directed primarily towards a reduction of domestic pollution. It was concluded that through effective operation of existing treatment facilities alone BOD loads on the Kenyan side could be reduced by 50%.\n\nNutrient input appears to originate mainly from atmospheric deposition and land runoff, together accounting for approximately 90% of phosphorous and 94% of nitrogen input into the lake. The increase in eutrophication is most probably due to an increase in nutrient input from these sources, as a result of increased human activities in the lake surroundings, such as land exploitation for agriculture and forest burning. Policies for sustainable development in the region, including restoration and preservation of the lake's ecosystem, should therefore be directed towards improved land-use practices and a control over land clearing and forest burning.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Environmental Management", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 2000", "volume": "58", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "235-248", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Environmental Management", "DOI": "10.1006/jema.2000.0322", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479700903220", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T17:57:30Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4797", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Estimation of water pollution sources in Lake Victoria, East Africa", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" }, { "tag": "environmental assessment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "error analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "nutrient loading", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "water pollution", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "TAGD4R6V", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/TAGD4R6V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/TAGD4R6V", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lake Victoria Basin Commission", "parsedDate": "2007-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TAGD4R6V", "version": 2, "itemType": "report", "title": "Regional trans-boundary diagnostic analysis of the Lake Victoria basin", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "LVBC", "lastName": "Lake Victoria Basin Commission" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "", "place": "", "date": "March 2007", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://iwlearn.net/iw-projects/2405/reports/regional-transboundary-diagnostic-analysis-of-the-lake-victoria-basin", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" }, { "tag": "See p. 30 for atmospheric deposition summary" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "UJEBFB86", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/UJEBFB86", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/UJEBFB86", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Machiwa", "parsedDate": "2010-04", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UJEBFB86", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Nature of suspended particulate matter and concentrations of heavy metals in sediment in the southern part of Lake Victoria, East Africa", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. F.", "lastName": "Machiwa" } ], "abstractNote": "The concentrations of metals in bottom sediment in the Tanzanian waters of Lake Victoria and the nature of suspended particulate matter (SPM) were analysed. The objective of the study was to compare levels of metals in sediment from different locations and to establish their sources. Metal concentrations were higher in sediment in locations within urban catchments. There were significant differences between sites for concentrations of Cu, Cr, Zn, Hg and Pb in sediment. Mercury concentration was higher in Nungwe Bay sediment compared to other areas, and Cr was higher in Magu Bay, while Cu, Pb and Zn were higher in Mwanza Gulf. Watershed characteristics such as urbanisation, and lake characteristics such as algal biomass, influence the nature of SPM, and hence the concentration of metals in the sediment. The potential to distinguish between different origins of metals in the lake, if the sources of SPM are well construed, is demonstrated.", "publicationTitle": "African Journal of Aquatic Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 2010", "volume": "35", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "95-101", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "African Journal of Aquatic Science", "DOI": "10.2989/16085914.2010.466592", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.systems.wsu.edu/scripts/wsuall.pl?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=50137696&site=ehost-live", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T17:09:55Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "16085914", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "AFRICA, East", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "C/N ratios", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "CHROMIUM", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "COPPER", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Infers atmospheric deposition of Hg" }, { "tag": "LEAD", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria" }, { "tag": "MARINE sediments", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mercury", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ZINC", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "gold mines", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "metals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "organic carbon", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "stable isotopes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "urbanisation", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "DV6RTMMT", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/DV6RTMMT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/DV6RTMMT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hecky et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-01-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DV6RTMMT", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Multiple stressors cause rapid ecosystem change in Lake Victoria", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. E.", "lastName": "Hecky" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Mugidde" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. S.", "lastName": "Ramlal" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. R.", "lastName": "Talbot" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G. W.", "lastName": "Kling" } ], "abstractNote": "1. Lake Victoria endured multiple stresses over the past century including population growth, increased cultivation of land, meteorological variability, resource extraction, intensive fishing, introduction of exotic species and more recently climate warming. These stressors became manifest through a fundamental and rapid change in the fish community and fishery in the early 1980s and visible eutrophication. However, the relation of these two phenomena and the possible interaction of the multiple stressors have been difficult to establish because of the temporally fragmented nature of the environmental data. 2. Comprehensive limnological observations from the 1960s were repeated in the 1990s and established the eutrophication of the lake, but these do not provide insight to the time course of when changes in trophic state occurred. Comprehensive fishery catch data from 1965 to the present provide a time course of the change in community composition and yield but cannot be correlated in time with discontinuous and sparse limnological data to determine possible cause–effect relationships. 3. Palaeolimnologic studies were conducted on three cores, two offshore and one nearshore, to establish a time course for the eutrophication of the lake that can be related to time-based data on the fishery. In the 1920s, the cores recorded an increase in nitrogen content of the sediments, but there was no significant response in the paleo-productivity indicators of biogenic Si deposition and change δ13C of deposited organic matter. Phosphorus deposition began to increase in the 1940s in all three cores after which biogenic Si deposition increased steadily over time. Responses in δ13C of organic matter begin in the 1960s at the coring sites. In the 1970s, the δ13C of organic matter at the nearshore site increased nearly 3‰ in a 10-year period likely as a response to a dramatic increase in internal P loading caused by spreading anoxia. 4. Nile perch, the large predatory fish introduced in 1954, had become established through much of the lake at low abundances by the 1970s. In 1980, the catch of this fish began to increase, and by the end of the decade, the Lake Victoria fishery was the largest lake fishery in the world; and Nile perch dominated the catch. While catches of some other fishes also increased, the endemic haplochromines suffered a catastrophic decline in abundance and loss of biodiversity. 5. The detailed chronostratigraphies for these sediment cores established that the major changes in the trophic condition of the lake were accomplished prior to the change in the fish community and that the increased primary productivity of the lake likely contributed to the increased fish catches after 1980. The increased algal abundance also would have greatly reduced visibility and facilitated the emergence of Nile perch as the dominant top predator. 6. Thematic implications: multiple stresses were present in Lake Victoria over several decades, but transition to a new ecosystem state with a transformed food web and highly productive algal community may have been triggered by a period of low wind stress and then generally warming climate since the 1970s. Unless phosphorus loading is stabilised or reduced, the ecosystem’s diversity and balanced productivity will not recover, and other state transitions may occur to the detriment of the lake and its riparian populations.", "publicationTitle": "Freshwater Biology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 1, 2010", "volume": "55", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "19-42", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02374.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2427.2009.02374.x/abstract", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T17:01:37Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1365-2427", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2010 Blackwell Publishing Ltd", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Cores - N,P ratios (ref Tamatamah et al)" }, { "tag": "Eutrophication", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria" }, { "tag": "Paleolimnology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "fisheries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "multiple stressors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "stable isotopes", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "MZGJVPXE", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/MZGJVPXE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/MZGJVPXE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Vuai et al.", "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MZGJVPXE", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Influence of Land Use Activities on Spatial and Temporal Variation of Nutrient Deposition in Mwanza Region: Implication to the Atmospheric Loading to the Lake Victoria", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Said Ali Hamad", "lastName": "Vuai" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John D.", "lastName": "Ibembe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nancy W.", "lastName": "Mungai" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Atmospheric and Climate Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "volume": "03", "issue": "02", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "224-234", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.4236/acs.2013.32024", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.scirp.org/journal/PaperDownload.aspx?DOI=10.4236/acs.2013.32024", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T20:53:39Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2160-0414, 2160-0422", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Influence of Land Use Activities on Spatial and Temporal Variation of Nutrient Deposition in Mwanza Region", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "CrossRef", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "RCB5RUG5", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/RCB5RUG5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/RCB5RUG5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cheruiyot and Muhandiki", "parsedDate": "2014-02-28", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RCB5RUG5", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "REVIEW OF ESTIMATION OF POLLUTION LOAD TO LAKE VICTORIA", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charles", "lastName": "Cheruiyot" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Victor", "lastName": "Muhandiki" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "European Scientific Journal, ESJ", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014/02/28", "volume": "10", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://eujournal.org/index.php/esj/article/view/2709", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T20:51:11Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1857 - 7431", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "eujournal.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" }, { "tag": "Review of previous estimates of pollutant loads, including atmospheric deposition" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "5RDWBIPW", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/5RDWBIPW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/5RDWBIPW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ssebugere et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-06-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5RDWBIPW", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs in surface sediments from Lake Victoria, East Africa", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Patrick", "lastName": "Ssebugere" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bernard T.", "lastName": "Kiremire" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bernhard", "lastName": "Henkelmann" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Silke", "lastName": "Bernhöft" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Wasswa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gabriel N.", "lastName": "Kasozi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Karl-Werner", "lastName": "Schramm" } ], "abstractNote": "Surface sediments (< 60 cm) from the Napoleon Gulf and Thurston Bay on the northern shore of Lake Victoria were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs). Fifteen PCDD/Fs and eleven dl-PCBs were found in 75.5% of the samples. The maximum concentrations of PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were 44.1 and 136 pg g− 1 dry weight (dw), respectively. Octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin was the predominant PCDD/F congener at the Napoleon Gulf and Thurston Bay area. Regarding the dl-PCBs, a variation in levels was observed between the mono-ortho PCBs and non-ortho PCBs, with the former having higher levels than the latter. The PCDD/F and dl-PCB levels, in the sediments of Napoleon Gulf, which is near urban centers and industrial areas were markedly higher (α ≤ 0.05) than those from the Thurston Bay, which is offshore, suggesting that human activities could be sources of the pollutants to the surrounding water resources. World Health Organization-toxic equivalency quotients (WHO-TEQs) lay in the range of 0.07–5.53 pg g− 1 dw for PCDD/Fs and 0.01–0.23 pg g− 1 dw for dl-PCBs. 23.1% of samples from the Napoleon Gulf had their results above the set WHOPCDD/Fs-TEQ value.", "publicationTitle": "Science of The Total Environment", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 1, 2013", "volume": "454–455", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "528-533", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science of The Total Environment", "DOI": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2013.03.046", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969713003392", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T19:27:08Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0048-9697", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polychlorinated dibenzofurans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Possibly useful" }, { "tag": "Sediments", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "PGX2JJVN", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/PGX2JJVN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/PGX2JJVN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Nyangababo et al.", "parsedDate": "2005-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PGX2JJVN", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Organochlorine Pesticide Contamination in Surface Water, Sediment, and Air Precipitation of Lake Victoria Basin, East Africa", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. T.", "lastName": "Nyangababo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L.", "lastName": "Henry" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "E.", "lastName": "Omutange" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2005-11", "volume": "75", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "960-967", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Bull Environ Contam Toxicol", "DOI": "10.1007/s00128-005-0843-4", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00128-005-0843-4", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T19:25:25Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0007-4861, 1432-0800", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "link.springer.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment, general", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Forestry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria Basin" }, { "tag": "Soil Science & Conservation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Terrestrial Pollution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Waste Management/Waste Technology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Waste Water Technology / Water Pollution Control / Water Management / Aquatic Pollution", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "HXDI2UXD", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/HXDI2UXD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/HXDI2UXD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Arinaitwe et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-11-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HXDI2UXD", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Atmospheric Concentrations of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Watershed of Lake Victoria, East Africa", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kenneth", "lastName": "Arinaitwe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bernard T.", "lastName": "Kiremire" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Derek C.G.", "lastName": "Muir" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Phil", "lastName": "Fellin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Henrik", "lastName": "Li" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Camilla", "lastName": "Teixeira" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Drake N.", "lastName": "Mubiru" } ], "abstractNote": "In the first study of its kind in Africa, PAHs were measured in high volume (24 h) air samples collected from two sampling stations, at Kakira and Entebbe (KAK and EBB, respectively) within the Lake Victoria watershed in Uganda, to assess source contributions and generate a baseline reference data set for future studies in the East African region. Sampling was conducted over two periods [2000?2004 (KAK and EBB1) and 2008?2010 (EBB2)]. The samples were extracted by accelerated solvent extraction and analyzed for 30 PAHs by GC?MS. The mean total PAH concentrations (ng/m3) were found to be 74.3 (range; 19.3?311, N = 39) for KAK, 56.8 (range; 13.3?126, N = 22) for EBB1 and 33.1 (range; 4.91?108, N = 56) for EBB2. The 3-ringed PAHs were the most predominant group with mean concentrations of 35.9 ng/m3(EBB1), 30.5 ng/m3(KAK) and 23.2 ng/m3(EBB2). Naphthalene had an exceptionally high mean concentration (21.9 ng/m3) for KAK compared to 0.44 and 0.39 ng/m3 in EBB1 and EBB2 respectively, likely due to intensive agricultural operations nearby KAK. Principal component and diagnostic ratio analyses showed that the measured levels of PAHs were associated with mixed sources, combustion of petroleum, and biomass being the major sources.", "publicationTitle": "Environmental Science & Technology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 6, 2012", "volume": "46", "issue": "21", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "11524-11531", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Environ. Sci. Technol.", "DOI": "10.1021/es302238w", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/es302238w", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T19:22:40Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0013-936X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ACS Publications", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "IEZ9EJBX", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/IEZ9EJBX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/IEZ9EJBX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "van Straaten", "parsedDate": "2000-10-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IEZ9EJBX", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Mercury contamination associated with small-scale gold mining in Tanzania and Zimbabwe", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter", "lastName": "van Straaten" } ], "abstractNote": "Mercury contamination associated with small-scale gold mining and processing represents a major environmental and human health concern in Eastern and Southern Africa. Approximately 200 000–300 000 persons are involved in small-scale gold mining activities in Tanzania and >200 000 persons in Zimbabwe. Mercury (Hg) is used mainly for the processing of primary gold quartz veins and supergene gold mineralizations. Gravimetric material flow analyses show that 70–80% of the Hg is lost to the atmosphere during processing, 20–30% are lost to tailings, soils, stream sediments and water. For every 1 g Au produced, 1.2–1.5 g Hg are lost to the environment. Cumulatively, the anthropogenic Hg released annually into the atmosphere is approximately 3–4 t in the whole Lake Victoria Goldfields of Tanzania and >3 t in Zimbabwe. Tailings are local ‘hot spots’ with high concentrations of As, Pb, Cu and Hg. Lateral and vertical dispersion of Hg lost to soils and stream sediments is very limited (laterally <260 m, vertically <20 cm). Dispersion of mercury from tailings is low because Hg is transported largely in the elemental, metallic form. In addition, Fe-oxide rich laterites and swamps appear to be natural barriers for the dispersion of metals in soils and streams. Ground and surface water quality data indicate very low dispersion rates during the dry season.", "publicationTitle": "Science of The Total Environment", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 2, 2000", "volume": "259", "issue": "1–3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "105-113", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science of The Total Environment", "DOI": "10.1016/S0048-9697(00)00553-2", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969700005532", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T19:10:28Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0048-9697", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Fe-oxides", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Gold mining", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria - related" }, { "tag": "Mercury", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Soil", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stream sediments", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tailings", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tanzania", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Water", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Wetlands", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Zimbabwe", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "9TQTP8RH", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/9TQTP8RH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/9TQTP8RH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Machiwa", "parsedDate": "2003", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9TQTP8RH", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Water quality management and sustainability: the experience of Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project (LVEMP)––Tanzania", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Praxeda K.", "lastName": "Machiwa" } ], "abstractNote": "Human health and development are threatened in many parts of the world either from lack of water or poor water quality. Human development has partially contributed to water quality deterioration. In Tanzania, for instance, rapid population growth that caused expansion of agricultural activities, livestock keeping, deforestation, biomass burning and human settlement have exerted pressures within the Lake Victoria Basin. These developments have led to land degradation and increased levels of pollution mainly from non-point sources. The Governments of Kenya, Tanzania and Uganda initiated the program of Lake Victoria Environmental Management Project, (LVEMP), in 1994 to rehabilitate the Lake Ecosystem through restoration and conservation of biodiversity in the lake as well as within the catchment. This paper presents the five years (1997–2002) experience of LVEMP in Tanzania on the issues of water quality; focusing on water pollution, water quality monitoring and LVEMP strategies to accomplish water quality management in the Lake Zone (Kagera, Mara and Mwanza regions). The findings show that non-point source pollution from agricultural practices; as well as unplanned urban settlements contribute more to siltation and eutrophication of the of Lake Victoria than that from point source pollution. Recommendations for water quality management and sustainability are presented.", "publicationTitle": "Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2003", "volume": "28", "issue": "20–27", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1111-1115", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C", "DOI": "10.1016/j.pce.2003.08.032", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1474706503001797", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T19:09:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1474-7065", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Water quality management and sustainability", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Catchment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Eutrophication", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Management", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pollution loading", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sustainability", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Water quality", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "SZAJU9EU", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/SZAJU9EU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/SZAJU9EU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ikingura et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-10", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "SZAJU9EU", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Environmental assessment of mercury dispersion, transformation and bioavailability in the Lake Victoria Goldfields, Tanzania", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. R.", "lastName": "Ikingura" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.", "lastName": "Akagi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Mujumba" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Messo" } ], "abstractNote": "Environmental dispersion and transformation of mercury discharged from gold mining operations has been investigated in field and laboratory studies in order to provide better understanding of the degree of mercury (Hg) pollution and bioavailability in the Lake Victoria goldfields (LVGF) ecosystems. This paper reviews results already published elsewhere and presents additional data on Hg dynamics in the LVGF. Studies conducted at the Mugusu and Rwamagaza artisanal mines indicated different degrees of Hg contamination and dispersion in environmental matrices. Mercury concentration in contaminated river sediments near the Mugusu mine varied from 6.0 to 0.5 mg/kg on a dry weight basis. The highest Hg contamination levels (165–232 mg/kg) were associated with mine tailings at the Rwamagaza mine. Mercury concentrations in fish representing different dietary habits on the southwestern shore of Lake Victoria at the Nungwe Bay were very low (2–35 μg/kg) and thought to represent background levels. These and other results suggested that the use of Hg in gold extraction in the LVGF has not caused high Hg levels in lake fish. The study of Hg in lichens showed Parmelia lichen to be an effective bioindicator for atmospheric Hg contamination due to Hg emissions from gold-amalgam firing and purification operations. The Hg levels in the lichens around the Mugusu mine ranged from 3.1 to 0.1 μg/g; the highest levels were recorded in the lichens sampled close to gold-amalgam processing sites. The regional background level in the Parmelia lichen was 0.05–0.10 μg/g, with a mean level of 0.07 μg/g.\n\nStudies of Hg transformation in the mine tailings revealed unexpectedly high methylmercury (MeHg) levels in the tailings (629–710 ng/g), which indicated that oxidation and methylation of metallic Hg in the tailings occurred at significant levels under tropical conditions. Re-equilibration of the tailings with freshwater (FW) indicated the MeHg was firmly bound in the tailings and therefore very little MeHg was released to the water column (0.2–1.5 ng/L). The methylation of Hg in tropical loamy clay soil contaminated with HgCl2 (5 mg Hg/kg) yielded MeHg concentrations of 11 and 14 ng/g when inundated with seawater and FW, respectively, for 4 weeks. Little MeHg was transferred from the soil to the equilibrated water (⩽0.4 ng/L). Atmospheric exposure of the soil pre-inundated with FW resulted in net degradation of MeHg during the 1st week of exposure, followed by net production and accumulation of MeHg in the soil (up to 15.5 ng/g) during atmospheric desiccation. Mercury uptake by fish from the Hg0-contaminated aquatic sediment–tailings system in the aquarium experiment was found to be low, suggesting the low availability of MeHg for bioaccumulation in the system. These and other results provide useful insights into Hg transformation, mobility and bioavailability in tropical aquatic systems affected by Hg pollution from gold mining operations.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Environmental Management", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 2006", "volume": "81", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "167-173", "series": "Mercury cycling in contaminated tropical non-marine ecosystemsMercury cycling in contaminated tropical non-marine ecosystems", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Environmental Management", "DOI": "10.1016/j.jenvman.2005.09.026", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301479706000983", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T19:01:56Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4797", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Bioavailability", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Gold mining", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Victoria", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mercury", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "BMPI8QJA", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/BMPI8QJA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/BMPI8QJA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Zhou et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BMPI8QJA", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Regional nitrogen budget of the Lake Victoria Basin, East Africa: syntheses, uncertainties and perspectives", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Minghua", "lastName": "Zhou" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Patric", "lastName": "Brandt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Pelster" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mariana C.", "lastName": "Rufino" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Robinson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Klaus", "lastName": "Butterbach-Bahl" } ], "abstractNote": "Using the net anthropogenic nitrogen input (NANI) approach we estimated the N budget for the Lake Victoria Basin in East Africa. The NANI of the basin ranged from 887 to 3008 kg N km −2 yr −1 (mean: 1827 kg N km −2 yr −1 ) for the period 1995–2000. The net nitrogen release at basin level is due primarily to livestock and human consumption of feed and foods, contributing between 69% and 85%. Atmospheric oxidized N deposition contributed approximately 14% to the NANI of the Lake Victoria Basin, while either synthetic N fertilizer imports or biological N fixations only contributed less than 6% to the regional NANI. Due to the low N imports of feed and food products (<20 kg N km −2 yr −1 ), nitrogen release to the watershed must be derived from the mining of soil N stocks. The fraction of riverine N export to Lake Victoria accounted for 16%, which is much lower than for watersheds located in Europe and USA (25%). A significant reduction of the uncertainty of our N budget estimate for Lake Victoria Basin would be possible if better data on livestock systems and riverine N export were available. Our study indicates that at present soil N mining is the main source of nitrogen in the Lake Victoria Basin. Thus, sustainable N management requires increasing agricultural N inputs to guarantee food security and rehabilitation and protection of soils to minimize environmental costs. Moreover, to reduce N pollution of the lake, improving management of human and animal wastes needs to be carefully considered in future.", "publicationTitle": "Environmental Research Letters", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "9", "issue": "10", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "105009", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Environ. Res. Lett.", "DOI": "10.1088/1748-9326/9/10/105009", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://stacks.iop.org/1748-9326/9/i=10/a=105009", "accessDate": "2015-10-08T17:55:30Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1748-9326", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Regional nitrogen budget of the Lake Victoria Basin, East Africa", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Institute of Physics", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Victoria" } ], "collections": [ "Z8KBBH8T" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:48Z" } }, { "key": "SWQ3IHCU", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/SWQ3IHCU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/SWQ3IHCU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Erenturk et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "SWQ3IHCU", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Spatial distribution and risk assessment of radioactivity and heavy metal levels of sediment, surface water and fish samples from Lake Van, Turkey", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sema", "lastName": "Erenturk" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sabriye", "lastName": "Yusan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D.", "lastName": "Turkozu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zeyneb", "lastName": "Camtakan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Olgen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mahmut", "lastName": "Aslani" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sule", "lastName": "Aytas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Isik" } ], "abstractNote": "In this study, radioactivity levels of 228 lake water samples, 63 upper and depth sediment samples and 12 fish samples from Lake Van were investigated from 2005 to 2008 and the distribution patterns of the radionuclides were presented. Analysis included gross alpha-beta and total radium isotopes activities and uranium concentrations of the water, and gross alpha and gross beta activities and relevant U, Th and K activity of the sediment and fish samples of the lake. Mean gross alpha, gross beta and radium isotopes activities of lake water were found 0.74 ± 0.46, 0.02 ± 0.01 and 0.06 ± 0.04 Bq/L, respectively. Mean gross alpha and beta activities in upper and depth sediments were found to be 41 ± 6 and 1,514 ± 74 Bq/kg; 77 ± 5 and 394 ± 24 Bq/kg at a 95 % confidence level, respectively. Mean activities of U, Th and K activity concentrations in upper and depth sediments were determined to be 225 ± 22, 70 ± 7 and 486 ± 39 Bq/kg; 174 ± 4, 63 ± 3 and 263 ± 25 Bq/kg, respectively. The mean gross alpha and beta, U, Th and K aktivities in fish samples were established as 47 ± 18, 470 ± 12, 0.57 ± 0.220, 0.022 ± 0.006, 319 ± 11 Bq/kg, respectively. The transfer factor from lake water to fish tissues, annual intake by humans consuming fish, and annual committed effective doses were estimated and evaluated.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 2014", "volume": "300", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "919-931", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Radioanalytical & Nuclear Chemistry", "DOI": "10.1007/s10967-014-3042-0", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.systems.wsu.edu/scripts/wsuall.pl?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=a9h&AN=95965160&site=ehost-live", "accessDate": "2015-10-05T17:13:26Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "02365731", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Fish", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Gross alpha/gross beta", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Van" }, { "tag": "Lake sediments", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Natural radioactivity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RADIOACTIVITY", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "RADIOISOTOPES", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SPATIAL distribution (Quantum optics)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Surface water", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "VAN, Lake (Turkey)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "WATER -- Heavy metal content", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "WATER sampling", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "sediment", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "P93UT5AZ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z" } }, { "key": "BJEU8G3F", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/BJEU8G3F", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/BJEU8G3F", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wick et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-07-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BJEU8G3F", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene climatic change and human impact in eastern Anatolia: high-resolution pollen, charcoal, isotopic and geochemical records from the laminated sediments of Lake Van, Turkey", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lucia", "lastName": "Wick" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Genry", "lastName": "Lemcke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Sturm" } ], "abstractNote": "Annually laminated sediments from Lake Van, spanning about 13000 varve years, were sampled for stable-isotopic, geochemical, pollen and charcoal analyses in order to find evidence of past regional climatic changes and human impact in the semi-arid region of eastern Anatolia, Turkey. The Lateglacial period was cold and dry, with steppe vegetation and saline lake water. During the Younger Dryas the lake level dropped dramatically, and the vegetation tumed to a semi-desert. Geochemical and isotopic records indicate a strong increase in moisture at the onset of the Holocene, and Arteinisia-chenopod steppes were partly replaced by grass steppe and pistachio scrub. A delay of about 3000 years in the expansion of deciduous oak woodlands and high steppe-fire frequencies suggest dry spring and summer weather during the early Holocene. At 8200 yr BP, a shift in the regional climate regime facilitated the transport of more moisture into the interior areas of the Taurus mountains and caused a change in the seasonal distribution of precipitation. The steppe-forests dominated by Quercus advanced and reached their maximum extention at about 6200 yr BP. All the proxy data indicate optimum climatic conditions, low water salinity and high lake level between 6200 and 4000 yr BP. After 4000 yr BP, aridity increased again and the modern climatic situation was established. Human impact in the catchment of Lake Van started at 3800 yr BP and was intensified during the last 600 years.", "publicationTitle": "The Holocene", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "07/01/2003", "volume": "13", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "665-675", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The Holocene", "DOI": "10.1191/0959683603hl653rp", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://hol.sagepub.com/content/13/5/665", "accessDate": "2015-10-02T21:42:34Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0959-6836, 1477-0911", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene climatic change and human impact in eastern Anatolia", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "hol.sagepub.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Anatolia", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Charcoal layers - fire frequency and deposition" }, { "tag": "Geochemistry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Holocene", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Van", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lateglacial", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mg/Ca ratio", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Oxygen isotopes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pollen", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Turkey", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "charcoal", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "climatic change", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "human impact", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "palaeosalinity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "varves", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "vegetation history", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "P93UT5AZ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z" } }, { "key": "WCW99C3S", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/WCW99C3S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/WCW99C3S", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Yaman et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-06-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "WCW99C3S", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Distribution Study of U, V, Mo, and Zr in Different Sites of Lakes Van and Hazar, River and Seawater Samples by ICP-MS", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mehmet", "lastName": "Yaman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Muharrem", "lastName": "Ince" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ensar", "lastName": "Erel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emine", "lastName": "Cengiz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tulin", "lastName": "Bal" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cigdem", "lastName": "Er" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fevzi", "lastName": "Kilicel" } ], "abstractNote": "The aim of this study is to investigate the concentrations of U, Th, V, Mo, and Zr in natural waters taken from Turkey. Among these water species, Lake Van is the largest soda lake and the fourth largest closed basin on Earth. The water samples were collected from 51 locations between 2008 and 2009. The inductively coupled plasma-MS was used for determinations. The obtained U and Zr concentrations are in the range of 37–110 µg L−1 and 17–78 µg L−1 in Lake Van and 0.53–0.81 µg L−1 and 0.15–0.19 µg L−1 in Lake Hazar, respectively. The concentration of uranium in other studied waters varies from the lowest 0.09 µg L−1 in Tigris (Dicle) river to the highest 4.0 µg L−1 in Mediterranean Sea water. Mean Mo and V concentrations in the studied water samples were found to be in ranges of 0.1–17 and 2.7–113 µg L−1, respectively. The obtained highest U concentration in Lake Van correlates with the highest Mo and Zr levels compared to the Lake Hazar and river waters. These results imply that there is a young occurrence of uranium minerals around Lake Van. It is concluded that there is about 50.000 ton of uranium in Lake Van water.", "publicationTitle": "CLEAN – Soil, Air, Water", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 1, 2011", "volume": "39", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "530-536", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Clean Soil Air Water", "DOI": "10.1002/clen.201000526", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/clen.201000526/abstract", "accessDate": "2015-10-05T16:12:21Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1863-0669", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2011 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ICP-MS", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Van" }, { "tag": "Molybdenum", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Natural waters", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Potentially atmospheric pollution, not distinguished from terrestrial sources" }, { "tag": "Uranium", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vanadium", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Zirconium", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "P93UT5AZ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z" } }, { "key": "B8JF5KNJ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/B8JF5KNJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/B8JF5KNJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Einsele et al.", "parsedDate": "2001-10", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "B8JF5KNJ", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Atmospheric carbon burial in modern lake basins and its significance for the global carbon budget", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gerhard", "lastName": "Einsele" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jianping", "lastName": "Yan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthias", "lastName": "Hinderer" } ], "abstractNote": "Lake basins (∼2.7×106 km2, about 0.8% of the ocean surface or 2% of the land surface) bury a surprisingly high amount of atmospheric carbon (∼70×106 t/a) which reaches more than one fourth of the annual atmospheric carbon burial in the modern oceans. This is mainly accomplished by the rapid accumulation of lacustrine sediments and a very high preservation factor (on average 50 times higher than that in the oceans). Lakes with relatively large drainage areas commonly display the highest carbon accumulation rates. In most cases, burial of organic matter is more important than that of carbonate carbon produced by silicate weathering, in contrast to the oceans where the burial of atmospheric carbonate carbon almost reaches the same amount as that of organic carbon. Exceptions to this rule are closed lake basins in arid to semiarid climate which precipitate a major part of their atmosphere-derived dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) as carbonate. These results are demonstrated in some detail for L. Qinghai, China, (low contribution of atmospheric carbonate carbon) and L. Turkana, East Africa, (high contribution from silicate rocks). Further data are gained by estimates for a number of closed and open lakes. The drainage areas of the lakes withdraw atmospheric carbon at rates of mostly 1–4 g/m2/a, calculated from the lacustrine carbon burial. Carbon burial rates in lakes commonly increase with change to wetter and warmer climate (partially larger lake surfaces, higher rates of seasonal carbonate precipitation, trend to stratified lake waters with oxygen-deficient bottom water). Anthropogenic influence mostly enhances the production and preservation of organic carbon in lake basins (often by a factor of 3–4). After the last glacial maximum, the joint action of the globally spreading vegetation, peat growth, and carbon burial in lakes would have been able to reduce the atmospheric carbon pool to one third to one half of its present amount within a time period of 1 ka. However, CO2 exchange between the atmosphere and the ocean has brought about an overall increase in the atmospheric CO2 during the Holocene. The contribution of lakes and artificial reservoirs in counteracting man-made CO2 emissions should not be neglected.", "publicationTitle": "Global and Planetary Change", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 2001", "volume": "30", "issue": "3–4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "167-195", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Global and Planetary Change", "DOI": "10.1016/S0921-8181(01)00105-9", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0921818101001059", "accessDate": "2015-10-02T22:30:47Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0921-8181", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Van" }, { "tag": "atmospheric carbon burial", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "glacial–interglacial", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "global carbon budget", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "modern lakes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "organic and carbonate carbon", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "P93UT5AZ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z" } }, { "key": "H2ZSHWBC", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/H2ZSHWBC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/H2ZSHWBC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wick et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-07-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "H2ZSHWBC", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene climatic change and human impact in eastern Anatolia: high-resolution pollen, charcoal, isotopic and geochemical records from the laminated sediments of Lake Van, Turkey", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lucia", "lastName": "Wick" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Genry", "lastName": "Lemcke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Sturm" } ], "abstractNote": "Annually laminated sediments from Lake Van, spanning about 13000 varve years, were sampled for stable-isotopic, geochemical, pollen and charcoal analyses in order to find evidence of past regional climatic changes and human impact in the semi-arid region of eastern Anatolia, Turkey. The Lateglacial period was cold and dry, with steppe vegetation and saline lake water. During the Younger Dryas the lake level dropped dramatically, and the vegetation tumed to a semi-desert. Geochemical and isotopic records indicate a strong increase in moisture at the onset of the Holocene, and Arteinisia-chenopod steppes were partly replaced by grass steppe and pistachio scrub. A delay of about 3000 years in the expansion of deciduous oak woodlands and high steppe-fire frequencies suggest dry spring and summer weather during the early Holocene. At 8200 yr BP, a shift in the regional climate regime facilitated the transport of more moisture into the interior areas of the Taurus mountains and caused a change in the seasonal distribution of precipitation. The steppe-forests dominated by Quercus advanced and reached their maximum extention at about 6200 yr BP. All the proxy data indicate optimum climatic conditions, low water salinity and high lake level between 6200 and 4000 yr BP. After 4000 yr BP, aridity increased again and the modern climatic situation was established. Human impact in the catchment of Lake Van started at 3800 yr BP and was intensified during the last 600 years.", "publicationTitle": "The Holocene", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "07/01/2003", "volume": "13", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "665-675", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The Holocene", "DOI": "10.1191/0959683603hl653rp", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://hol.sagepub.com/content/13/5/665", "accessDate": "2015-10-02T21:42:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0959-6836, 1477-0911", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Evidence of Lateglacial and Holocene climatic change and human impact in eastern Anatolia", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "hol.sagepub.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Anatolia", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Geochemistry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Holocene", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Van", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lateglacial", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mg/Ca ratio", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Oxygen isotopes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pollen", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Turkey", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "charcoal", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "climatic change", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "human impact", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "palaeosalinity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "varves", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "vegetation history", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "P93UT5AZ" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:45Z" } }, { "key": "ZZPV6GIM", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/ZZPV6GIM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/ZZPV6GIM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Leonard et al.", "parsedDate": "1981-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ZZPV6GIM", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Some measurements of the pH and chemistry of precipitation at Davis and Lake Tahoe, California", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert L.", "lastName": "Leonard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charles R.", "lastName": "Goldman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gene E.", "lastName": "Likens" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Water, Air, and Soil Pollution", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1981-02", "volume": "15", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "153-167", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Water Air Soil Pollut", "DOI": "10.1007/BF00161249", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00161249", "accessDate": "2015-10-05T22:19:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0049-6979, 1573-2932", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "link.springer.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hydrogeology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Tahoe Basin" } ], "collections": [ "K5MMIDWU" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:43Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:43Z" } }, { "key": "C2UR2VR7", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/C2UR2VR7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/C2UR2VR7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Simoneit et al.", "parsedDate": "1980-04-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "C2UR2VR7", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Contamination of the Lake Tahoe Air Basin by High Molecular Weight Petroleum Residues", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bernd R. T.", "lastName": "Simoneit" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A.", "lastName": "Mazurek" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T. A.", "lastName": "Cahill" } ], "abstractNote": "The atmosphere of the Lake Tahoe air basin is contaminated with high molecular weight (> C12) petroleum hydrocarbons. Aerosol samples were collected by high-volume filtration and the solvent-soluble organic matter was analyzed. The relative concentrations of petroleum residues found were as follows: winter > summer and day > night. This contamination is primarily due to the poorer combustion of diesel and home heating fuels at that altitude and during periods of colder climate.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 1, 1980", "volume": "30", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "387-390", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/00022470.1980.10465954", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00022470.1980.10465954", "accessDate": "2015-10-05T22:17:26Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0002-2470", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Lake Tahoe Basin" } ], "collections": [ "K5MMIDWU" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:43Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:43Z" } }, { "key": "GGIPMEID", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 414540, "name": "Ancient Lakes Atmospheric Deposition", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/414540/items/GGIPMEID", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ancient_lakes_atmospheric_deposition/items/GGIPMEID", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 789246, "username": "stephlabou", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/stephlabou", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Takemoto et al.", "parsedDate": "1995-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GGIPMEID", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Acidic deposition in California: Findings from a program of monitoring and effects research", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Brent K.", "lastName": "Takemoto" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bart E.", "lastName": "Croes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stephen M.", "lastName": "Brown" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nehzat", "lastName": "Motallebi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F. Dane", "lastName": "Westerdahl" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Helene G.", "lastName": "Margolis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Brian T.", "lastName": "Cahill" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marla D.", "lastName": "Mueller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John R.", "lastName": "Holmes" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Water, Air, and Soil Pollution", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1995-12", "volume": "85", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "261-272", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Water Air Soil Pollut", "DOI": "10.1007/BF00483706", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/BF00483706", "accessDate": "2015-10-05T22:01:00Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0049-6979, 1573-2932", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Acidic deposition in California", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "link.springer.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Atmospheric Protection/Air Quality Control/Air Pollution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "CALIFORNIA", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Human health", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hydrogeology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lake Tahoe - possibly" }, { "tag": "Looking for access to full article" }, { "tag": "acidic deposition", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "deposition fluxes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ecological effects", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "material damage", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "K5MMIDWU" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-10-13T20:50:43Z", "dateModified": "2015-10-13T20:50:43Z" } } ]