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            "abstractNote": "In recent years, a growing level of attention has focused on Semantic Web technology and its potential application to the library catalog. Despite growing interest in the topic, it is unclear where perceptions currently are regarding the Semantic Web and linked data in the academic library community. This paper aims to ascertain levels of understanding of key concepts and attitudes regarding the Semantic Web and its role in the library catalog, with the hope of highlighting directions to move forward for advocates of the technology. To find the attitudes and perceptions of academic librarians, a survey of academic library catalogers and technical services professionals was created and distributed online. This paper found that an understanding of key terms and interest in the development of a Semantic Web catalog are high among the queried group, but barriers such as financial scarcity and lack of Semantic Web best practices may slow future development.",
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            "abstractNote": "Kirjasampo.fi is a Web service for fiction. It was constructed after rethinking all the phases of metadata production, and is the first Finnish information system for libraries to be built with the tools of the Semantic Web. Kirjasampo is based on a metadata schema for fiction that uses a Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model. A user-friendly annotation editor enables library professionals to save, accumulate, and distribute literary knowledge and tacit information. The goal of Kirjasampo is to describe the contents of literary works based on the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records. Content description is done using ontologies, which enable a flexible linking of metadata.",
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                    "name": "Stacy Allison-Cassin"
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            "abstractNote": "The purpose of this paper is to determine how information professionals in Scotland and in European national libraries perceive linked data (LD) as well as if and how they are implementing it.,The authors applied four data collection techniques: a literature review, semi-structured interviews (n=15), online resources analysis (n=26) and an online survey (n=113). They used constant comparative analysis to identify perceived benefits and challenges of LD implementation, reasons behind adoption or non-adoption of LD and the issues hindering its implementation in libraries.,Some projects demonstrate LD’s potential to augment the visibility and discoverability of library data, alongside with overcoming linguistic barriers, and supporting interoperability. However, a strong need remains to demonstrate the Semantic Web’s potential within libraries. Participants identified lack of expertise and lack of resources/time/staff as implementation barriers. Several other issues remain unsolved, such as licensing constraints, as well as difficulties with obtaining management buy-in for LD initiatives, even where open data are government-mandated.,Information professionals and vendors should collaborate to develop tools for implementation. Advocacy through disseminating and reviewing successful implementations can help to solve practical difficulties and to obtain management buy-in.,This is the first known study to present a multinational, comprehensive picture of library LD implementations and associated librarians’ perceptions of LD.",
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            "title": "Understanding Information Professionals: A Survey on the Quality of Linked Data Sources for Digital Libraries",
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            "abstractNote": "This study aims to explore the development of cataloguing standards used to organize information sources in libraries and information centers. Its key objective is to assess the challenges faced by information professionals to apply new bibliographic standards in linked data (LD) environment.,This study is based on extensive review of scholarly literature. Several databases were searched to identify relevant literature. Keywords such as RDA, FRBR, MARC and BIBFRAME were used along with LD to conduct search. Related literature was consulted and reviewed accordingly.,Findings reveal that cataloguing standards are subsequently evolving with the advancement of information technology. Libraries have been publishing their legacy metadata into LD. Many tools are developed for mapping the library metadata into LD applications. The Library of Congress has developed BIBFRAME model to fulfill the requirements of new bibliographic standards by using LD technology. It is found that extensive use of MARC standards, complexity of LD technologies, non-availability of vocabulary and inconsistency of terminologies are the major challenges for libraries to adopt LD applications.,This review will be a valuable addition for LIS scholars to understand the challenges of LD application. This study would be significant for the library community and policymakers who are interested in implementing LD technologies.,This paper is a one of its kind, where the development in cataloguing models and standards is explained along with the challenges to adopt LD applications for legacy data.",
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            "creatorSummary": "Ali and Warraich",
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            "title": "Linked data initiatives in libraries and information centres: a systematic review",
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                    "firstName": "Irfan",
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            "abstractNote": "This study aims to explore linked data (LD) initiatives in libraries and information (LI) centres along with motivating factors to start these LD projects and challenges faced by librarians in implementing LD technology.,To achieve the objectives of the study, a systematic literature review was conducted. The preferred reporting items were used for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) guideline. Data were collected from different scholarly databases.,Findings show that many initiatives were taken in LI centres during the past decade. These LI centres had to face many challenges to implement LD technology. These challenges might include technological issues, scarce financial resources, lack of skilled human resources, low level of awareness among community/librarians, proprietary licence, non-availability of standards and best practices. However, technological challenges were more complex. Systematic review shows that most of the LD initiatives and activities in LI centres take place in developed countries. Overall, the results reveal that most of the libraries are in the infancy stage of LD application because of the ambivalent nature of technology.,This study may be beneficial to devise guidelines to transform the aforementioned different challenges into opportunities. It is also important to provide a holistic picture about the challenges and opportunities of LD through a systematic review of initiatives already taken by LI centres.",
            "publicationTitle": "The Electronic Library",
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            "DOI": "10.1108/EL-04-2018-0075",
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            "abstractNote": "Linked Data for Production (LD4P): Pathway to Implementation is a grant funded by the Mellon Foundation to begin the implementation of the cataloging community’s shift to linked data for the creation and manipulation of their metadata. Although LD4P has seven overarching goals, the heart of the project will be the creation of a cloud-based, communal editing environment called Sinopia. Sinopia will support the efforts of a cohort of academic libraries in the creation and reuse of their resource metadata as linked data structured according to the BIBFRAME ontology. And by making use of another service created by the grant called Questioning Authority (QA), cohort members will be able to bring in additional identifiers for entities contained in data stores such as the RDA Vocabularies or Wikidata. The initial release of Sinopia will be in July of 2019 with a final release due at the close of the grant in June of 2020.",
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            "title": "Linked Open Data for Current Research Information Systems (CRIS)",
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                    "firstName": "Florian K.",
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            "abstractNote": "At the University of Bamberg a Research Information System (FIS) on the basis of the open-source software DSpace-CRIS has recently been introduced, https://fis.uni-bamberg.de. To increase the visibility of the research results, we aim at providing the RDF-Triple through a full-fledged SPARQL-Endpoint. After evaluating different approaches, we decided to develop a stand-alone DSpace-CRIS module based on the existing DSpace module for Linked Open Data. In addition to publications, this can also present CRIS entities such as awards, researcher profiles or projects and their relationships.",
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            "creatorSummary": "Freire and Isaac",
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            "title": "Wikidata’s linked data for cultural heritage digital resources: an evaluation based on the Europeana Data Model",
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                    "firstName": "Nuno",
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            "abstractNote": "Wikidata is an open data source with many potential applications. Our study aims to evaluate the usability of Wikidata as a linked data source for acquiring richer descriptions of digital objects within the context of Europeana, a data aggregator from the cultural heritage domain. Specifically, we aim to crawl and convert Wikidata using the standard approaches and operations developed for the (Semantic) Web of Data, i.e. using technologies like linked data consumption and RDF(S)/OWL ontology expression and reasoning. We also seek to re-use existing “semantic” specifications, such as conversions to and from generic data models like Schema.org and SKOS. We have developed an experimental set-up and accompanying software to test the feasibility of this approach. We conclude that Wikidata’s linked data is able to express an interesting level of semantics for cultural heritage, but quality can still be improved and a human operator still must assist linked data applications to interpret Wikidata’s RDF.",
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