[ { "key": "KEKKJTFH", "version": 33, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/KEKKJTFH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/KEKKJTFH", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/I9J6KRQQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "KEKKJTFH", "version": 33, "parentItem": "I9J6KRQQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969704003535#author1?np=y", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z" } }, { "key": "964REEXK", "version": 33, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/964REEXK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/964REEXK", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/I9J6KRQQ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "964REEXK", "version": 33, "parentItem": "I9J6KRQQ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969704003535/pdfft?md5=27c2ea8ca1e54a459d40503c9bbf7469&pid=1-s2.0-S0048969704003535-main.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z" } }, { "key": "I9J6KRQQ", "version": 33, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/I9J6KRQQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/I9J6KRQQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Höglund", "parsedDate": "2004-12-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "I9J6KRQQ", "version": 33, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Parking, energy consumption and air pollution", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul G.", "lastName": "Höglund" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper examines the impacts of different ways of parking on environmental effects, mainly vehicle emissions and air pollution. Vehicle energy consumption and the urban air quality at street level, related to location and design of parking establishments, need to be assessed and quantified. In addition, the indoor parking environment needs attention.\n\nThis paper gives a description of a methodological approach when comparing different parking establishments. The paper also briefly describes a Swedish attempt to create methods and models for assessing and quantifying such problem. The models are the macrolevel model BRAHE, for regional traffic exhaust emission, and the micromodel SimPark, a parking search model attempt combined with emission models. Until now, very limited knowledge exists regarding the various aspects of vehicle parking and environmental effects in the technical field as well as in the social and human behaviour aspects. This requires an interdisciplinary approach to this challenging area for research, development and more directly practically implemented surveys and field studies.\n\nIn order to illustrate the new evaluation methodology, the paper also contains some results from a pilot study in Stockholm. Given certain assumptions, a study of vehicle emissions from parking in an underground garage compared with kerbside parking has given an emission reduction of about 40% in favour of the parking garage. This study has been done using the models mentioned above.", "publicationTitle": "Science of The Total Environment", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "December 1, 2004", "volume": "334–335", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "39-45", "series": "Highway and Urban Pollution", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science of The Total Environment", "DOI": "10.1016/j.scitotenv.2004.04.028", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969704003535", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0048-9697", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Air quality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Environment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Parking", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Parking house", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "emissions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "parking garages", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:10:48Z" } }, { "key": "VTNTK5F3", "version": 32, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/VTNTK5F3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/VTNTK5F3", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/JFWXM6WD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "VTNTK5F3", "version": 32, "parentItem": "JFWXM6WD", 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"https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/JFWXM6WD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "V4IR8EZ3", "version": 32, "parentItem": "JFWXM6WD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T21:08:27Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146514002245", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:08:27Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:08:27Z" } }, { "key": "JFWXM6WD", "version": 32, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/JFWXM6WD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/JFWXM6WD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "dell’Olio et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "JFWXM6WD", "version": 32, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A Methodology to Promote Sustainable Mobility in College Campuses", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luigi", "lastName": "dell’Olio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Maria", "lastName": "Bordagaray" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rosa", "lastName": "Barreda" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Angel", "lastName": "Ibeas" } ], "abstractNote": "Like any large company, college campuses generally have serious mobility problems as a result of the increase in private vehicle travel. This study proposes a set of mobility policies aimed at promoting the use of more sustainable alternatives to private vehicles at and around the campus. The study has been applied to the case of Las Llamas Campus at the University of Cantabria in Spain. Using the data collected at the various stages of the methodology, the mobility alternatives in this research consider the management of the parking spaces, a bike-sharing system and a shuttle bus to specific destinations from a stadium car park located on the limits of the campus, thereby making the most of such a big but often empty city infrastructure.\n\nAn essential point to be highlighted in terms of the methodology is the design of the Stated Preferences survey (SP) in which a number of “hypothetical” scenarios are presented to analyze the user's response as a result of changes in the transport system and the influence of different parking policies at the university. This collection procedure has provided the data to model the individuals’ behaviour using discrete choice models. The model and the results obtained throughout this research must be taken into account in future analyses concerning fee scenarios for cycling and parking inside the campus.\n\nThe results of this study provide interesting conclusions for predicting the demand for sustainable transport patterns and assist in the design and quantification of parking policies.", "publicationTitle": "Transportation Research Procedia", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "3", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "838-847", "series": "17th Meeting of the EURO Working Group on Transportation, EWGT2014, 2-4 July 2014, Sevilla, Spain", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Transportation Research Procedia", "DOI": "10.1016/j.trpro.2014.10.061", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352146514002245", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T21:08:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2352-1465", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Discrete Choice Models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Parking Behaviour", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stated Preference", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sustainable Mobility", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:08:27Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:08:27Z" } }, { "key": "CZ4K59XR", "version": 31, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/CZ4K59XR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/CZ4K59XR", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": 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"https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/VIBCEG3E", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/VIBCEG3E", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/K4PI7A5C", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "VIBCEG3E", "version": 31, "parentItem": "K4PI7A5C", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "IEEE Xplore Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T21:06:04Z", "url": "http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/6531102/6549481/06549502.pdf?tp=&arnumber=6549502&isnumber=6549481", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:06:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:06:04Z" } }, { "key": "K4PI7A5C", "version": 31, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/K4PI7A5C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/K4PI7A5C", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Elliott et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-04", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "K4PI7A5C", "version": 31, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Campus shuttle: Design of a college campus parking and transportation system", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Elliott" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.", "lastName": "Jayachandran" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Kumar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K.", "lastName": "Metzer" } ], "abstractNote": "George Mason University is a commuter campus in Fairfax, VA. To meet forecast growth, parking lots are being removed to make space for classroom buildings. The loss of parking slots requires either additional parking garages or mass-transit shuttles to make up for the loss in parking spaces. There are also concerns about traffic congestion and emissions caused by the college's commuters. The Fairfax campus population is predominantly made up of commuters, with 77% of the population living off campus, a vast majority of which drive single occupant vehicles (SOV) to campus due to poor access to mass transit. At present, the GMU Fairfax campus has a parking utilization of 86%, leaving a surplus of approximately 900 parking spaces. Fairfax campus is predicted to start having a parking deficit sometime between 2014 and 2015. Projections out to 2020 show a deficit of 3,800 spaces. To counter that deficit, more than 10,600 current commuters would need to switch from SOV transportation to alternate forms of transit. A reduction of SOV commuters would also lead to lower CO2 emissions from the Fairfax campus. This paper describes the design of a system for addressing transportation and parking demand. This has 3 major parts: (1) identifying surrounding areas of significant Fairfax commuter populations; (2) the ability to predict ridership if a shuttle stop were to be placed in any of those areas by using a decision support tool (DST); and (3) a utility analysis (CO2, parking, and cost) of creating shuttle routes or garages to meet parking needs. In order for GMU to continue growing, both commuter shuttles and parking garages will be needed. If four additional routes are added, GMU can continue to grow through 2016 with a parking utilization of 96%. To continue growth beyond that point will require additional parking garages or bus routes.", "proceedingsTitle": "2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)", "conferenceName": "2013 IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium (SIEDS)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 2013", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "104-109", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1109/SIEDS.2013.6549502", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Campus shuttle", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "IEEE Xplore", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "DST", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fairfax commuter populations", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Fuels", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "GMU Fairfax campus", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "George Mason University", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Integrated circuits", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SOV transportation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sociology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Statistics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Transportation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vehicles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "air pollution", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "campus shuttle", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "classroom buildings", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "college campus parking system", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "college campus transportation system", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "commuter campus", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "decision support systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "decision support tool", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "educational institutions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "emissions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "environmental science computing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "forecasting theory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "growth forecasting", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mass-transit shuttles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "parking garages", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "parking lots", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "parking spaces", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "parking utilization", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ridership prediction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "shuttle routes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "single occupant vehicles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "traffic congestion", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "traffic control", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "traffic engineering computing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "utility analysis", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T21:06:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T21:06:04Z" } }, { "key": "SW7SGGX4", "version": 30, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/SW7SGGX4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/SW7SGGX4", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/JNUKEKRV", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "SW7SGGX4", "version": 30, "parentItem": "JNUKEKRV", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z", "url": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-011-0031-y", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z" } }, { "key": "JNUKEKRV", "version": 30, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/JNUKEKRV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/JNUKEKRV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Armel et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-02-22", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "JNUKEKRV", "version": 30, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Stanford Climate Change Behavior Survey (SCCBS): assessing greenhouse gas emissions-related behaviors in individuals and populations", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K. Carrie", "lastName": "Armel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Katy", "lastName": "Yan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Annika", "lastName": "Todd" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas N.", "lastName": "Robinson" } ], "abstractNote": "Many individual-level behaviors are associated with greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Reliable and valid assessment instruments are needed to (1) identify behaviors and populations to target with emissions-reduction programs and policies, (2) evaluate the effectiveness of such programs, (3) link self-reported and objective measures of GHG emissions to establish the impact of specific behaviors, and (4) estimate frequencies of behaviors and their changes over time to aid policy makers in understanding energy consumption trends. The self-administered Stanford Climate Change Behavior Survey (SCCBS) is shown to be a reliable and valid instrument that can be used for these purposes in college students, and we anticipate that it will also be useful for assessing these behaviors in other adolescent or adult populations in developed countries. Questions included behaviors likely to be within the control of most individuals and did not include behaviors specific to home owners (e.g. appliance purchases). Ten indices were identified: Energy Use, No-, Low-, and High-GHG Transportation, Waste, Food Packaging, High- and Low-GHG Food, Food Purchasing, and GHG Credits use. A Total GHG Behavior score was calculated. Test–retest reliabilities of individual items ranged from .64 to .91. Internal consistency reliabilities for each of the indices ranged from .51 to .89. Most indices were statistically significantly correlated with one another. Correlational validity of the SCCBS was demonstrated with statistically significant associations between behavior scores and perceived importance of environmental sustainability and membership in an environmental organization. The use of the SCCBS to identify potential target sub-populations and behaviors was demonstrated.", "publicationTitle": "Climatic Change", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011/02/22", "volume": "109", "issue": "3-4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "671-694", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Climatic Change", "DOI": "10.1007/s10584-011-0031-y", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10584-011-0031-y", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-0009, 1573-1480", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Stanford Climate Change Behavior Survey (SCCBS)", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "link.springer.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Meteorology/Climatology", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z" } }, { "key": "SZ8F8B6A", "version": 30, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/SZ8F8B6A", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/SZ8F8B6A", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/JNUKEKRV", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "SZ8F8B6A", "version": 30, "parentItem": "JNUKEKRV", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z", "url": "http://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs10584-011-0031-y.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:44:27Z" } }, { "key": "MIGQWDJW", "version": 29, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/MIGQWDJW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/MIGQWDJW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Klein-Banai and Theis", "parsedDate": "2013-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MIGQWDJW", "version": 29, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Quantitative analysis of factors affecting greenhouse gas emissions at institutions of higher education", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cynthia", "lastName": "Klein-Banai" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas L.", "lastName": "Theis" } ], "abstractNote": "Increasingly, institutions are reporting greenhouse gas emissions as a means to measure sustainability. One way higher education is taking a leadership role is through the American College and University Presidents Climate Commitment (ACUPCC), which requires signatory institutions to account for their emissions and develop a climate action plan with emissions reduction goals. Recent data for 135 colleges and universities reporting greenhouse gas emissions was characterized and analyzed. Greenhouse gas emissions from these institutions were found to be a function of the size of the institution (as measured by full-time student enrollment and building area), the amount of laboratory and residential space, whether there is a medical school, and the extent of commuting to campus by faculty, staff and students. Scope 1 and 2 emissions are primarily influenced by the physical size of the institution and secondarily by climate. When looking at gross (total scope 1, 2 and 3) emissions, laboratory space was found to have 10 times more effect on emissions per square meter than space such as classroom and office, while residential space had a two-fold effect. These results change somewhat when looking at smaller schools that have gross emissions of 50,000 metric tons of CO2-equivalent or less. These results have implications for institutions of higher education at the policy level in that those institutions that are more laboratory intense and face greater challenges in reducing their GHG footprint. Residential colleges and universities also experience a disproportionate impact on their emissions, probably as a result of the 24 h, 7-day a week demands of such campuses.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Cleaner Production", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 2013", "volume": "48", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "29-38", "series": "Environmental Management for Sustainable Universities (EMSU) 2010European Roundtable of Sustainable Consumption and Production (ERSCP) 2010", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Cleaner Production", "DOI": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2011.06.004", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652611002071", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T19:53:14Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0959-6526", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Greenhouse gas inventories", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Higher education", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:39:46Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:39:46Z" } }, { "key": "SHHPZW6C", "version": 29, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/SHHPZW6C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/SHHPZW6C", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Vásquez et al.", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "SHHPZW6C", "version": 29, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions and proposals for their reduction at a university campus in Chile", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Leonardo", "lastName": "Vásquez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alfredo", "lastName": "Iriarte" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "María", "lastName": "Almeida" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Pablo", "lastName": "Villalobos" } ], "abstractNote": "Progressively, higher education institutions have been incorporating sustainable development strategies and actions into teaching, research, infrastructure and campus operations. Recent years have witnessed a resurgence in environmental sustainability networks in universities in Latin America. A group of Chilean universities, including the Universidad de Talca, signed a Cleaner Production Agreement with the National Agency for Cleaner production in Chile. The measurement of corporate greenhouse gas emissions is included among the objectives of this agreement. For developing countries there are few peer-reviewed studies that analyze greenhouse gas emissions generated by universities. The scarcity is most evident in Latin American universities. In this context, this study presents the evaluation of greenhouse gas emissions for the Curico campus of the Universidad de Talca. The emissions are classified according to the Greenhouse Gas Protocol standard into scopes 1, 2 and 3. The total emissions for the campus in 2012 was 1.0 tCO2e/student, of which 68% correspond to scope 3, 16% correspond to scope 1 and 16% to scope 2. The principal contributors to the greenhouse gas emissions are student commuting, staff commuting and electricity consumption. The comparison with other higher education institutions worldwide, mostly situated in developed countries, indicates that for the Curico campus the greenhouse gas emissions value is below average. Moreover, an analysis was carried out for four scenarios with emissions reduction proposals. The most effective scenario is related to students using bicycles rather than motor vehicles. This study may be a useful guide for the application of emission reduction options in other countries, particularly in Latin America, where there are universities that have similar characteristics and lack environmental information.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Cleaner Production", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Cleaner Production", "DOI": "10.1016/j.jclepro.2015.06.073", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0959652615008045", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T19:49:46Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0959-6526", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Carbon footprint", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Chilean university", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Corporate GHG emissions", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "GHG Protocol", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Green campus", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Reduction scenarios", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:39:43Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:39:43Z" } }, { "key": "DRUTC3RF", "version": 27, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/DRUTC3RF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/DRUTC3RF", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/6KSDR5BZ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DRUTC3RF", "version": 27, "parentItem": "6KSDR5BZ", "itemType": "note", "note": "

While not an academic article, this site has public reports from colleges that are working to reduce GHGs on their campuses and shows how they are reporting their progress. 

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:02:32Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:02:32Z" } }, { "key": "6KSDR5BZ", "version": 27, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/6KSDR5BZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/6KSDR5BZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2551798, "username": "chandra.jones", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/chandra.jones", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2015-07-27", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "6KSDR5BZ", "version": 27, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "American College and University Presidents' Climate Commitment (ACUPCC) Reporting", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "After planning sessions among a group of college and university presidents and their representatives at the AASHE conference in October 2006 at Arizona State University, 12 presidents agreed to become founding members of the ACUPCC. In early December 2006, these presidents sent a letter to nearly 400 of their peers inviting them to join the initiative.\n\nBy March 31, 2007, 152 presidents and chancellors representing the spectrum of higher education had become charter signatories of the ACUPCC. Members of this group promoted the initiative among their peers, served as representatives to the press, and participated in the public launch of the ACUPCC in June. In late March, the expanded signatory group sent a packet of information to their peers at over 3,500 institutions, asking them to sign the Commitment. By September 15th, 400 institutions had joined the initiative as charter signatories.\n\nPublic reporting on progress towards sustainability is a key driver for long-term success, and regular, public reporting is a central component of the ACUPCC. Reporting helps signatories learn from one another and demonstrates to external audiences the seriousness with which signatories are implementing the Commitment.", "websiteTitle": "American College and University Presidents' Climate Commitment (ACUPCC) Reporting", "websiteType": "", "date": "7/27/2015", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.presidentsclimatecommitment.org/reporting", "accessDate": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T20:02:32Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T20:02:32Z" } }, { "key": "37W59JK3", "version": 26, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/37W59JK3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/37W59JK3", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/FEI8V4E7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1989183, "username": "rachel.desormes", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rachel.desormes", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "37W59JK3", "version": 26, "parentItem": "FEI8V4E7", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046211000925/pdfft?md5=91a5e2d4c24970958c3dc70458e08e7e&pid=1-s2.0-S0166046211000925-main.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z" } }, { "key": "D76CXK94", "version": 26, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/D76CXK94", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/D76CXK94", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/FEI8V4E7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1989183, "username": "rachel.desormes", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rachel.desormes", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "D76CXK94", "version": 26, "parentItem": "FEI8V4E7", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "ScienceDirect Snapshot", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046211000925", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z" } }, { "key": "FEI8V4E7", "version": 26, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 375291, "name": "University Sustainability Parking", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/375291/items/FEI8V4E7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/university_sustainability_parking/items/FEI8V4E7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1989183, "username": "rachel.desormes", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rachel.desormes", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Su and Zhou", "parsedDate": "2012-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "FEI8V4E7", "version": 26, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Parking management, financial subsidies to alternatives to drive alone and commute mode choices in Seattle", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Qing", "lastName": "Su" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Liren", "lastName": "Zhou" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper develops a nested logit model to examine the impact of parking management, financial subsidies to alternative modes to drive alone, as well as travel demand management strategies on people's commute mode choices in Seattle based on the Washington State Commute Trip Reduction dataset in 2005. The major findings of this paper suggest that commuter's mode choice can be affected by various public policy tools. In particular, we find commuters' drive alone to work rate decreases as a response to higher SOV parking charges, higher HOV parking discount, and lower onsite parking space ratio. When employers provide reserved parking for HOV and HOV fleet vehicles for shared riders, commuters' likelihood to share ride to work also increases. Commuters also respond to direct financial subsidies to alternative modes positively.", "publicationTitle": "Regional Science and Urban Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 2012", "volume": "42", "issue": "1–2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "88-97", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Regional Science and Urban Economics", "DOI": "10.1016/j.regsciurbeco.2011.07.002", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046211000925", "accessDate": "2015-07-27T19:11:32Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0166-0462", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Commute mode choices", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Financial subsidies to alternative modes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Nested logit model", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Parking management", "type": 1 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