[ { "key": "UG6QJAVX", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/UG6QJAVX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/UG6QJAVX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Abgrall and Policy Research Initiative (Canada)", "parsedDate": "2005-10", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "UG6QJAVX", "version": 334, "itemType": "document", "title": "A survey of major cross-border organizations between Canada and the United States", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jean-François", "lastName": "Abgrall" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Policy Research Initiative (Canada)" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "October 2005", "publisher": "Policy Research Initiative", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "MWP", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "chetwynd.bc.catalogue.libraries.coop", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This working paper summarizes in narrative form the major cross-border organizations operating in Canada and the US, grouped according to region. The author notes that cross-border cooperation is strongest in the Western region; the \"Cascadia\" concept is unique along the US-Canada border. The evolution, role, and organizational structure of the Pacific Northwest Economic Region (PNWER) is discussed in detail. Other organizations examined in this paper include the International Mobility and Trade Corridor (IMTC) and the British Columbia-Washington Environmental Cooperation Council. The author also briefly discusses the attitude toward cross-border cooperation and the role of \"political entrepreneurs\" within the provincial government of BC.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:25:00Z" } }, { "key": "RVBDHST4", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/RVBDHST4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/RVBDHST4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Alper", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "RVBDHST4", "version": 334, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Emerging Collaborative Frameworks for Environmental Governance in the Georgia Basin-Puget Sound Ecosystem", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Donald K.", "lastName": "Alper" } ], "abstractNote": "Much of the research on transboundary environmental relations between Canada and the United States has focused on formal institutional arrangements. Yet, recent research on transnational environmental governance points to the vital role played by collective action arrangements centered around ideas, identities and democratic discourse in facilitating progress in cross-border environmental governance. This article argues that environmental governance in the Georgia Basin/Puget Sound ecosystem is best examined utilizing an analytical framework based on three modes of interaction that characterize cross-border environmental activity. The first two modes of interaction-\"crisis/reactive\" and \"state-centered\"-are agency centered perspectives emphasizing instrumental behavior. These modes are consistent with the rational choice paradigm. The third mode of interaction-\"normative/constructivist\"-focuses on norm creation and binational institutionalization processes. This mode emphasizes insights that social constructivism brings to the study of international institutions. The conclusion is that the evolving framework of governance in the Georgia Basin/Puget Sound is increasingly influenced by processes best analyzed by the latter mode, where the actions of non-governmental actors in cooperation with cross-border institutions provide affective and normative orientation to spur collective environmental action and shape transboundary perspectives on current and future issues.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Borderlands Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004", "volume": "19", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "79-98", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://journals.uvic.ca/index.php/borderlands/article/view/1511", "accessDate": "2015-06-19T01:48:03Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1938-9094", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "journals.uvic.ca", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright (c)", "extra": "This paper looks at cross-border cooperation on environmental governance in the Cascadia region. While ultimately more useful for the governance stream, items of interest to the security stream include a good discussion of the bilateral relationship between BC and Washington state, the role of local populations, industry, and civil society in cross-border policy, and brief comments on shared critical infrastructure (notably gas and energy).", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Environmental Security" }, { "tag": "Indigenous" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:24:43Z" } }, { "key": "BEC2NCJ7", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/BEC2NCJ7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/BEC2NCJ7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Anderson", "parsedDate": "1997", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "BEC2NCJ7", "version": 334, "itemType": "book", "title": "Frontiers: territory and state formation in the modern world", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Malcolm", "lastName": "Anderson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "1997", "publisher": "Polity Press", "place": "Cambridge, UK ; Malden, MA", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "255", "ISBN": "0-7456-1652-6 0-7456-2008-6", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Frontiers", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "voyager.library.uvic.ca Library Catalog", "callNumber": "JC323 .A63 1997", "rights": "", "extra": "A useful reference text for the study of modern borders. It provides a good background on borders and the development of borders in a historical context. Of particular note for the security stream is Chapter 5 on Frontiers and Migration.", "tags": [ { "tag": "Borders - General" } ], "collections": [ "RDXU3U3X" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:24:33Z" } }, { "key": "PQW9QPSG", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/PQW9QPSG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/PQW9QPSG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Biswas", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "PQW9QPSG", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Bilateral Cooperation and Bounded Sovereignty in Counter-Terrorism Efforts", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bidisha", "lastName": "Biswas" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "No. 5", "reportType": "Working Paper", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute, Western Washington University", "place": "", "date": "2009", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dspace.africaportal.org/jspui/bitstream/123456789/26420/1/Bilateral%20Cooperation%20and%20Bounded%20Sovereignty%20in%20Counter-Terrorism%20Efforts.pdf", "accessDate": "2015-06-18T22:49:17Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Google Scholar", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This working paper looks at the border security dynamic between Canada and the United States. The author argues that although the relationship between the two in the post-9/11 security environment is largely one where the Americans lead and the Canadians follow, it is not strictly subordinate. Rather, Canadian security policy is \"bounded, but not determined\" by American policy.", "tags": [ { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Security - General" }, { "tag": "Terrorism" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:24:25Z" } }, { "key": "UGWP5AH6", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/UGWP5AH6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/UGWP5AH6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Border Policy Research Institute", "parsedDate": "2006", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "UGWP5AH6", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Focus: Overview of the Perimeter Clearance Paradigm", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Border Policy Research Institute" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Policy Brief", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "", "date": "2006", "seriesTitle": "Border Policy Brief", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2006_Nov_Border_Brief.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Written several years before the \"Beyond the Border\" initiative, this policy brief is an early discussion of what the author calls the 'Perimeter Clearance Paradigm' (PC Paradigm) in the North American context. The paper discusses the evolution toward a PC paradigm in North America as well as some of the challenges faced in its implementation and how these challenges have been dealt with by border authorities. The paper also explains pre-clearance programs currently in effect and looks at the potential implications of the then-emerging Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative (WHTI) from a perimeter security perspective.", "tags": [ { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:24:14Z" } }, { "key": "KNNWWJQQ", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/KNNWWJQQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/KNNWWJQQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Border Policy Research Institute", "parsedDate": "2011-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KNNWWJQQ", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Perimeter Security and the Beyond the Border Dialogue: Perspectives from the PNW-Western Canada Region", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Border Policy Research Institute" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Seminar Proceedings", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "Seattle, WA", "date": "July 2011", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2011_Jul_BBWG_Seminar_Proceedings.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This report collects conference papers, reactions, and general proceedings from its titular seminar. Notable topics for the security stream include extensive discussion of the emerging perimeter security paradigm in North America, the security section at the start of Brunet-Jailly's paper, Moens' paper contrasting the Smart Border Declaration (2001) with the Beyond the Border initiative (2011), and Conroy's paper on perimeter goals.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:24:05Z" } }, { "key": "GHU6V8IE", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/GHU6V8IE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/GHU6V8IE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Border Policy Research Institute", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "GHU6V8IE", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Federal Initiatives Can Be at Odds with Regional Ones", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Border Policy Research Institute" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Policy Brief", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "", "date": "2012", "seriesTitle": "Border Policy Brief", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2012_Spring_Border_Brief.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This policy brief discusses the tension between regional and federal authorities with specific reference to border crossings in the Cascade Gateway region. In particular, the author argues that federal initiatives (notably \"Beyond the Border\") are often undertaken with little regard for existing regional border infrastructure, technology, or prior cooperation arrangements, and without incorporating the lessons learned from regional pilot projects (particularly the FAST program).", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:57Z" } }, { "key": "MW3JASRP", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/MW3JASRP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/MW3JASRP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Border Policy Research Institute", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MW3JASRP", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Is RFID the Answer to Resurgent Border Traffic?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Border Policy Research Institute" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Policy Brief", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "", "date": "2012", "seriesTitle": "Border Policy Brief", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2012_Winter_Border_Brief.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This policy brief describes the use of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology at BC-Washington border crossings in the form of NEXUS cards and Enhanced Drivers Licences. It discusses the current level of uptake, quantifies the potential benefits of the program (in reduced border wait-times), and discusses some of the challenges faced in the introduction of RFID technology.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Technology" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:49Z" } }, { "key": "TXH9D76X", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/TXH9D76X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/TXH9D76X", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Border Policy Research Institute", "parsedDate": "2012-03", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "TXH9D76X", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "The \"Beyond the Border\" Dialogue at Age One: Policy and Political Implications for the Pacific Northwest", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Border Policy Research Institute" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Seminar Proceedings", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "Seattle, WA", "date": "March 2012", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2012_BTB_Proceedings_Master.pdf", "accessDate": "2015-06-19T01:42:35Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "These are the proceedings from a seminar on the Beyond the Border initiative that took place in Seattle in the spring of 2012. The proceedings include presentations and remarks from key figures in government and private industry, and contain good quotes regarding shared critical infrastructure (BC/WA) and overall border dynamics in the Pacific Northwest. Of particular note are the remarks by Anne Callaghan (Consul General of the US in Vancouver), Greg Alvarez (US CBP), Chris Sands (Hudson Institute), Sukuwar Periwal (BC Government - Intergovernmental Relations) and Brad Owen (Lieut. Governor of WA).", "tags": [ { "tag": "2010 Olympics" }, { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:40Z" } }, { "key": "5NJSEVQ7", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/5NJSEVQ7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/5NJSEVQ7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Border Policy Research Institute", "parsedDate": "2012-11", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "5NJSEVQ7", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Beyond the Border: Making the Action Plan Work for You", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Border Policy Research Institute" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Forum Proceedings", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "Vancouver, BC", "date": "November 2012", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2012_Nov_VBOT_Proceedings.pdf", "accessDate": "2015-06-19T01:45:43Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This document is the proceedings of a forum held on the Beyond the Border action plan in Vancouver in 2012. The forum is notable for the seniority and diversity of the officials giving comments, and includes both private and public sector perspectives on the new border initiative. Of particular importance for the security stream in BC are the comments by Jim Nealon (US Embassy, Ottawa), David Moloney (Privy Council Office) and Jacquie Dawes (BC Ministry of Transportation).", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:33Z" } }, { "key": "PX9D3IBJ", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/PX9D3IBJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/PX9D3IBJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brunet-Jailly", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "PX9D3IBJ", "version": 334, "itemType": "book", "title": "Borderlands: Comparing Border Security in North America and Europe", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emmanuel", "lastName": "Brunet-Jailly" } ], "abstractNote": "Border security has been high on public-policy agendas in Europe and North America since the September 11, 2001 attacks on the World Trade Centre in New York City and on the headquarters of the American military in Washington DC. Governments are now confronted with managing secure borders, a policy objective that in this era of increased free trade and globalization must compete with intense cross-border flows of people and goods. Border-security policies must enable security personnel to identify, or filter out, dangerous individuals and substances from among the millions of travelers and tons of goods that cross borders daily, particularly in large cross-border urban regions. This book addresses this gap between security needs and an understanding of borders and borderlands. Specifically, the chapters in this volume ask policy-makers to recognize that two fundamental elements define borders and borderlands: first, human activities (the agency and agent power of individual ties and forces spanning a border), and second, the broader social processes that frame individual action, such as market forces, government activities (law, regulations, and policies), and the regional culture and politics of a borderland. Borders emerge as the historically and geographically variable expression of human ties exercised within social structures of varying force and influence, and it is the interplay and interdependence between people's incentives to act and the surrounding structures (i.e. constructed social processes that contain and constrain individual action) that determine the effectiveness of border security policies. This book argues that the nature of borders is to be porous, which is a problem for security policy makers. It shows that when for economic, cultural, or political reasons human activities increase across a border and borderland, governments need to increase cooperation and collaboration with regard to security policies, if only to avoid implementing mismatched security policies.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2007", "publisher": "University of Ottawa Press", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "405", "ISBN": "978-0-7766-0651-4", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Borderlands", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Google Books", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This book synthesizes the post-9/11 security obsession with modern border and borderlands theory, contrasting border security in North America with border security in Europe through several case studies written by different authors. A very useful text for border/borderlands theory and understanding the North American security context. Chapters of particular use for the BC security stream include the theory-oriented introduction and conclusion, chapter 5 (Arctic security) and chapter 10 (diverging US-Canada responses to terrorism in border policy).", "tags": [ { "tag": "Borders - General" }, { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Security - General" } ], "collections": [ "RDXU3U3X" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:22Z" } }, { "key": "HDDKFWRM", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/HDDKFWRM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/HDDKFWRM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brunet-Jailly", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "HDDKFWRM", "version": 334, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Cascadia in Comparative Perspectives: Canada-U.S. Relations and the Emergence of Cross-Border Regions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emmanuel", "lastName": "Brunet-Jailly" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper draws on findings from research on the Canadian-American border led by the Policy Research Initiative (PRI) since 2004 and on the recent PRI survey of Canadian-American leaders, as well as on the author’s fieldwork on multilevel governance issues arising from the emerging cross-border regions in Europe and North America. Relying on four analytical lenses—the economy, local and central politics and policies, and local cultures—this paper examines how emerging cross-border regions, and particularly the Cascadia region, are changing Canadian-American relations. Specific attention is given to the varied forms of co-operation across policy fields in order to detail (1) the general and specialized and (2) the formal and informal relations and (3) the emerging border regions. This paper underlines the importance of understanding cross-border relations at the sub-national level in order to understand Canada-U.S. relations. The overall argument is that the appearance of cross-border regions indicates a progressive emergence of policy parallelism in a multitude of policy arenas, particularly, a specifically North American form of integration.", "publicationTitle": "Canadian Political Science Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2008", "volume": "2", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "104-124", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ojs.unbc.ca/index.php/cpsr/article/view/62", "accessDate": "2015-05-28T16:22:13Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1911-4125", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Cascadia in Comparative Perspectives", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "ojs.unbc.ca", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright Canadian Political Science Review", "extra": "This paper discusses the emergence of Canada/US cross-border regions in the context of the economic and political integration of North America. In particular, the author argues that linkages of trade and cultural values are increasingly north-south in orientation rather than east-west, particularly in the Cascadia region. A number of cross-border institutions have arisen to tackle common policy areas, although in contrast to other cross-border regions (notably in Europe), the trend is more toward policy parallelism at multiple levels of government and society rather than the development of overarching supranational institutions.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Borders - General" }, { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:13Z" } }, { "key": "XX982ZQS", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/XX982ZQS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/XX982ZQS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brunet-Jailly", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "XX982ZQS", "version": 334, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A new border? A Canadian perspective of the Canada-US border post-9/11", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emmanuel", "lastName": "Brunet-Jailly" } ], "abstractNote": "In this article I show that since 9/11, Canada and the US have worked out a border policy that is generally \"harder\" but \"softer\" for pre-cleared goods and people. First, I give an overview of the state of cross-border relations and policies before 9/11. I then review the current status of free trade and economic integration in the context of arguments that post-9/11/policies hardened the border to suggest that Canada and the US have safeguarded and deepened their friendship since 9/11 and to make some inferences about the future of Canada-US border relations. Adapted from the source document.", "publicationTitle": "International Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2012", "volume": "67", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "963-974", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://search.proquest.com.ezproxy.library.uvic.ca/docview/1322713366?OpenUrlRefId=info:xri/sid:summon&accountid=14846", "accessDate": "2015-05-28T17:27:06Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0020-7020", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "A new border?", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "ProQuest", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "In response to recent scholarship suggesting that the Canada/US border has become increasingly \"hardened\" due to US security interests, this paper argues that the border has become \"softer\" for pre-cleared goods and people but \"harder\" for others. The paper discusses post-9/11 policy coordination between the US and Canada, particularly with regard to overall border policy (the Smart Border Declaration and Beyond the Border initiative), pre-clearance programs, and multilevel cooperation between law enforcement.", "tags": [ { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Security - General" }, { "tag": "Terrorism" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:23:06Z" } }, { "key": "KQZ645HP", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/KQZ645HP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/KQZ645HP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Canada-United States Inter-Parliamentary Group: Canadian Section", "parsedDate": "2009-02-24", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KQZ645HP", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Report of the Canadian Parliamentary Delegation to the Pacific NorthWest Economic Region - Border Challenges and Regional Solutions: 2010 Olympics and the Pacific Northwest Experience", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Canada-United States Inter-Parliamentary Group: Canadian Section" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Parliament of Canada", "place": "Washington DC", "date": "February 24, 2009", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.parl.gc.ca/iiapublications/Document.aspx?Language=E&Mode=1&sbdid=B225E754-7575-4997-B904-59CC0C1E72B2&sbpidx=1", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This document is a Canadian parliamentary report summarizing the remarks of various regional stakeholders regarding border preparations for the 2010 Vancouver Olympics at a meeting of the Pacific Northwest Economic Region (PNWER). It includes a number of good quotes from high-level political figures regarding the state of the Canada-US border in the Pacific Northwest and particularly the relationship between Washington and British Columbia, with the then-Governor of Washington state describing BC and Washington as \"best friends\", and the border as a \"fiction\".", "tags": [ { "tag": "2010 Olympics" }, { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:59Z" } }, { "key": "BHG2ER28", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/BHG2ER28", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/BHG2ER28", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Clarke", "parsedDate": "2000", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "BHG2ER28", "version": 334, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Regional and transnational discourse: The politics of ideas and economic development in Cascadia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Susan", "lastName": "Clarke" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "International Journal of Economic Development", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2000", "volume": "2", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "360–378", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.spaef.com/file.php?id=1044&origin=publication_detail", "accessDate": "2015-06-19T02:05:48Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Regional and transnational discourse", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Google Scholar", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This paper discusses some of the challenges facing the push towards regional governance in Cascadia; namely, competing definitions of what purpose Cascadia ought to serve, and what \"problem\" increasing regional integration ought to solve. It describes the tension between environmental/bioregionalist and economic/free-trade bloc interpretations of Cascadia, and shows how the two approaches were in some ways reconciled in the case of cross-border transportation policy. Although the paper has limited relevance for security, it provides an informative discussion of regional cross-border governance in Cascadia.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:52Z" } }, { "key": "3DIB8RBQ", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/3DIB8RBQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/3DIB8RBQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Davidson", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3DIB8RBQ", "version": 334, "itemType": "report", "title": "Pilot Project: Using RFID to Reduce Border Queues", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David L.", "lastName": "Davidson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Policy Brief", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "", "date": "2014", "seriesTitle": "Border Policy Brief", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2014_Spring_Border_Brief.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This policy brief discusses the state of radio-frequency identification (RFID) technology in use throughout the \"Cascade Gateway\" region as of spring 2014. It discusses the original objectives of the RFID program, uptake statistics, further potential benefits, and strategies for expanding the coverage of RFID-enabled travel documents.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Technology" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:43Z" } }, { "key": "73FKV3JN", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/73FKV3JN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/73FKV3JN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of Canada", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "73FKV3JN", "version": 334, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Agreement Between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States of America on Emergency Management Cooperation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Foreign Affairs Trade and Development Canada", "lastName": "Government of Canada" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "2010", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.treaty-accord.gc.ca/text-texte.aspx?id=105173", "accessDate": "2015-06-17T21:08:38Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "rights": "", "extra": "Text of a 2010 treaty between the Government of Canada and the Government of the United States on emergency management cooperation. Deals with the facilitation of cross-border activities in the aftermath of an emergency; briefly discusses emergency management in the context of the \"joint defense of North America\"; lays out the framework for a consultative group on emergency management cooperation.", "tags": [ { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Critical Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:36Z" } }, { "key": "4VZ5G76B", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/4VZ5G76B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/4VZ5G76B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of Canada", "parsedDate": "2010-06-25", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "4VZ5G76B", "version": 334, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Canada-U.S. Shiprider", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Royal Canadian Mounted Police", "lastName": "Government of Canada" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "Canada-U.S. Shiprider", "websiteType": "", "date": "2010-06-25", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/ibet-eipf/shiprider-eng.htm", "accessDate": "2015-05-20T19:11:42Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "rights": "", "extra": "The RCMP website dedicated to the Shiprider program. Under the Shiprider program, Canadian and American law enforcement officers jointly patrol the maritime border on board the same vessels. These officers are able to enforce either law on the appropriate side of the border. The Shiprider program is currently active in British Columbia.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Cross-Border Law Enforcement" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:29Z" } }, { "key": "ASW6KV2S", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/ASW6KV2S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/ASW6KV2S", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of Canada", "parsedDate": "2012-04-09", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "ASW6KV2S", "version": 334, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Integrated Border Enforcement Teams (IBETs)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Royal Canadian Mounted Police", "lastName": "Government of Canada" } ], "abstractNote": "IBETs enhance border integrity and security along the shared Canada/U.S. border, between designated ports of entry, by identifying, investigating and interdicting persons, organizations and goods that threaten the national security of one or both countries or that are involved in organized criminal activity.", "websiteTitle": "Integrated Border Enforcement Teams (IBETs)", "websiteType": "", "date": "April 9 2012", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/ibet-eipf/index-eng.htm", "accessDate": "2015-05-20T19:05:47Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "rights": "", "extra": "The official RCMP website for Integrated Border Enforcement Teams (IBETs). It includes information about the objectives of the program, a brief background, a list of partner organizations, frequently-asked questions, and two reports on cross-border law enforcement in 2008 and 2009.", "tags": [ { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Cross-Border Law Enforcement" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:20Z" } }, { "key": "UR8EXN85", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/UR8EXN85", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/UR8EXN85", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of Canada", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "UR8EXN85", "version": 334, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Canada-United States IBET Threat Assessment 2010 (Reporting on year 2009)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Royal Canadian Mounted Police", "lastName": "Government of Canada" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "Canada-United States IBET Threat Assessment 2010 (Reporting on year 2009)", "websiteType": "", "date": "(none)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/ibet-eipf/reports-rapports/2010-threat-menace-eng.htm", "accessDate": "2015-05-20T19:17:25Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "rights": "", "extra": "This document is the most recent report available from the Canadian side of the Integrated Border Enforcement Teams (IBET) for cross-border law enforcement. It discusses the main security threats addressed by IBETs across Canada during the year 2009, including the type of threat (smuggling, organized crime, etc.), its prevalance, the mode of conveyance (air, land, or maritime borders), and major incidents throughout the year. The document also compares treats across different regions of the country, making it a useful source for the BC region.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Cross-Border Law Enforcement" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:13Z" } }, { "key": "VMNAJVTC", "version": 334, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/VMNAJVTC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/VMNAJVTC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of Canada", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "VMNAJVTC", "version": 334, "itemType": "document", "title": "Beyond the Border: A Shared Vision for Perimeter Security and Economic Competitiveness (Action Plan)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of Canada" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "2011", "publisher": "Government of Canada", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://actionplan.gc.ca/en/page/bbg-tpf/beyond-border-action-plan", "accessDate": "2015-05-28T16:42:51Z", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "The original Action Plan issued by the Canadian and American governments when the Beyond the Border initiative was launched in 2011. This is a critical primary document laying out the official joint vision for the future of Canada/US border security. The action plan lays out explicit goals for cooperation in four areas: jointly assessing and addressing threats early (\"pushing out\" the border); facilitating movement of people and goods through trusted trade and trusted traveller programs; improving cross-border law enforcement cooperation; and strengthening shared critical infrastructure and cyber-structure. This action plan was a significant push in the direction of the perimeter security paradigm, with important references to the \"shared responsibility\" of Canada in the US in regard to screening goods and people for entry into North America.", "tags": [ { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Critical Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:22:04Z" } }, { "key": "U7ASAVEH", "version": 333, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/U7ASAVEH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/U7ASAVEH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of Canada", "parsedDate": "2015-05-19", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "U7ASAVEH", "version": 333, "itemType": "report", "title": "Beyond the Border Implementation Report - March 2015", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of Canada" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Implementation Report", "institution": "Government of Canada", "place": "Ottawa, ON", "date": "2015-05-19", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://actionplan.gc.ca/en/content/beyond-border-implementation-report-march-2015", "accessDate": "2015-05-28T16:40:22Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "The most up-to-date implementation report on the Beyond the Border (BTB) initiative issued by the Government of Canada. This report summarizes progress made so far on the four key areas identified by the BTB declaration and identifies current and future pilot projects. A number of specific references are made to current and planned initiatives in the BC region, including pre-clearance at YVR airport, a maritime cargo pilot in Prince Rupert, potential pre-clearance at BC ferry and rail terminals, border wait-time technology at BC/WA crossings, Shiprider operations, the launching of a Regional Resiliency Assessment Program in BC/AK/YK, and cross-border radio systems for law enforcement in BC/WA.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "CanUS" }, { "tag": "Critical Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:21:49Z" } }, { "key": "XP6H7GN5", "version": 333, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/XP6H7GN5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/XP6H7GN5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Government of the State of Alaska et al.", "parsedDate": "2005-07-20", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "XP6H7GN5", "version": 333, "itemType": "document", "title": "Pacific Northwest Emergency Management Arrangement", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of the State of Alaska" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of the State of Idaho" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of the State of Oregon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of the State of Washington" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of the Province of British Columbia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Government of the Yukon Territory" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "July 20, 2005", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnwbha.org/reports/PNEMA-annex-a-and-b.PDF", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "The original text of the Pacific Northwest Emergency Management Agreement between British Columbia, Washington, Alaska, Idaho, Oregon, and the Yukon. This document addresses coordination between signatories in the event of a regional emergency.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Critical Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Government" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:21:34Z" } }, { "key": "ACZBH634", "version": 333, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/ACZBH634", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/ACZBH634", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Konrad and Nicol", "parsedDate": "2011-01-31", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "ACZBH634", "version": 333, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Border Culture, the Boundary Between Canada and the United States of America, and the Advancement of Borderlands Theory", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Victor", "lastName": "Konrad" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Heather N.", "lastName": "Nicol" } ], "abstractNote": "In the process of globalization it is border culture that ultimately sustains linkages, assures continuity and maintains prosperity between bounded states. In this essay we explore how border culture works, and how the conceptualization of border culture advances our understanding of how borders work. Our approach is to establish a place for the consideration of culture in the more extensive debates about border theory through a focus on the Canada-U.S. border, and how this border advances our knowledge of border culture and border theory.", "publicationTitle": "Geopolitics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 31, 2011", "volume": "16", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "70-90", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/14650045.2010.493773", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14650045.2010.493773", "accessDate": "2015-06-19T01:51:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1465-0045", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "This article investigates border culture in the context of Canada-US borderlands. It begins with a definition and discussion of border culture, focusing on the role of borders in globalization. The authors then discuss border culture and borderlands in the North American context, with reference to some of its unique features (for example, the asymmetry wherein most Canadians live close to the border and most Americans do not, and the notion that neither side is \"foreign\" to the other). The paper moves on to outline Brunet-Jailly's borderlands theory, in which policy activities and market forces are shaped by the political clout of border regions. A number of specific references are made to \"Cascadia\" or the Pacific Northwest as a bastion of border culture.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Borders - General" }, { "tag": "CanUS" } ], "collections": [ "B8ZJA67K" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:21:26Z" } }, { "key": "CSWKE7G6", "version": 332, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 362899, "name": "BIG Security", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/362899/items/CSWKE7G6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/big_security/items/CSWKE7G6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2465799, "username": "krisbest", "name": "Kris Best", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/krisbest", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Konrad", "parsedDate": "2010-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "CSWKE7G6", "version": 332, "itemType": "report", "title": "'Breaking Points,' but no 'Broken' Border: Stakeholders Evaluate Border Issues in the Pacific Northwest Region", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Victor", "lastName": "Konrad" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "Research Report", "institution": "Border Policy Research Institute", "place": "", "date": "July 2010", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.wwu.edu/bpri/files/2010_Jul_Report_No_10_Breaking_Points.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "In this paper, the author evaluates the \"breaking points\" (defined as sudden shifts in system behaviour resulting from small changes in circumstance) in border management in the Pacific Northwest since 9/11. The paper includes substantial discussion of \"security primacy\" in post-9/11 border management. Konrad presents the results of nearly 100 interviews and surveys of border stakeholders in the Cascadia region in order to discuss changing attitudes and perceptions in the borderlands. He shows that regional attitudes in Cascadia tend to be wary of the increased \"thickening\" and securitization of the border, which compromise cross-border community ties and travel.", "tags": [ { "tag": "BC Region" }, { "tag": "Border Infrastructure" }, { "tag": "Security - General" } ], "collections": [ "BZI8XRNI" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-06-22T19:16:37Z", "dateModified": "2015-07-30T02:21:17Z" } } ]