[ { "key": "HCM98PXI", "version": 61, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/HCM98PXI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/HCM98PXI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Heiderscheit et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-02-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "HCM98PXI", "version": 61, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Hamstring Strain Injuries: Recommendations for Diagnosis, Rehabilitation, and Injury Prevention", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bryan", "lastName": "Heiderscheit" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marc", "lastName": "Sherry" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amy", "lastName": "Slider" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elizabeth", "lastName": "Chumanov" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Darryl", "lastName": "Thelen" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract Synopsis: Hamstring strain injuries remain a challenge for both athletes and clinicians, given their high incidence rate, slow healing, and persistent symptoms. Moreover, nearly one third of these injuries recur within the first year following a return to sport, with subsequent injuries often being more severe than the original. This high reinjury rate suggests that commonly utilized rehabilitation programs may be inadequate at resolving possible muscular weakness, reduced tissue extensibility, and/or altered movement patterns associated with the injury. Further, the traditional criteria used to determine the readiness of the athlete to return to sport may be insensitive to these persistent deficits, resulting in a premature return. There is mounting evidence that the risk of reinjury can be minimized by utilizing rehabilitation strategies that incorporate neuromuscular control exercises and eccentric strength training, combined with objective measures to assess musculotendon recovery and readiness to return to sport. In this paper, we first describe the diagnostic examination of an acute hamstring strain injury, including discussion of the value of determining injury location in estimating the duration of the convalescent period. Based on the current available evidence, we then propose a clinical guide for the rehabilitation of acute hamstring injuries, including specific criteria for treatment progression and return to sport. Finally, we describe directions for future research, including injury-specific rehabilitation programs, objective measures to assess reinjury risk, and strategies to prevent injury occurrence. Level of Evidence: Diagnosis/therapy/prevention, level 5. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther 2010;40(2):67–81. doi:10.2519/jospt.2010.3047", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Orthopaedic & Sports Physical Therapy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 1, 2010", "volume": "40", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "67-81", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Orthop Sports Phys Ther", "DOI": "10.2519/jospt.2010.3047", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jospt.org/doi/full/10.2519/jospt.2010.3047", "accessDate": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0190-6011", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Hamstring Strain Injuries", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "jospt.org (Atypon)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-25T13:37:37Z" } }, { "key": "FFT73UFM", "version": 56, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/FFT73UFM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/FFT73UFM", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/HCM98PXI", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "FFT73UFM", "version": 56, "parentItem": "HCM98PXI", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z", "url": "http://www.jospt.org/doi/full/10.2519/jospt.2010.3047#.VWMj0EY8V6p", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z" } }, { "key": "TBBKDN9G", "version": 56, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/TBBKDN9G", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/TBBKDN9G", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/HCM98PXI", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "TBBKDN9G", "version": 56, "parentItem": "HCM98PXI", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z", "url": "http://www.jospt.org/doi/pdf/10.2519/jospt.2010.3047#.VWMj0EY8V6p", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-25T13:32:04Z" } }, { "key": "BQITN935", "version": 55, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/BQITN935", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/BQITN935", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Orchard et al.", "parsedDate": "2005-11", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "BQITN935", "version": 55, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Return to play following muscle strains", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Orchard" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas M.", "lastName": "Best" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "George M.", "lastName": "Verrall" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE: To assess return to play strategies following muscle strains with the desired outcomes of decreased competition play lost and minimized risk for recurrent injury.\nMETHODS: Literature review of previous studies that examine return to play criteria for the commonly seen muscle strain injuries in sport.\nRESULTS: There have been no studies directly comparing different return to play approaches. Studies have instead concentrated on recurrence risk factors and prognosis assessment, particularly for hamstring injuries. There is some literature support for risk factors for recurrence such as persisting strength deficits, larger injuries seen on diagnostic imaging, players in high-risk positions or sports, inability to complete functional tasks without pain, and strains of specific high-risk muscles (biceps femoris, central tendon of rectus femoris, medial head of gastrocnemius, adductor longus or magnus).\nCONCLUSIONS: There are no consensus guidelines or agreed-upon criteria for safe return to sport following muscle strains that completely eliminate the risk for recurrence and maximize performance. At this time, it may be a sensible strategy to allow earlier return to play in team sports and accept a low to moderate injury recurrence rate. Improved prognostic assessment of muscle strains with injury identification (MRI) and injury assessment (isokinetic testing) may be assist practitioners to lower, but not eliminate, recurrent injuries.", "publicationTitle": "Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine: Official Journal of the Canadian Academy of Sport Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Nov 2005", "volume": "15", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "436-441", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Clin J Sport Med", "DOI": "10.1097/01.jsm.0000188206.54984.65", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16278548", "accessDate": "2015-05-24", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1050-642X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 16278548", "tags": [ { "tag": "Athletic Injuries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Disability Evaluation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Muscle, Skeletal", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Recovery of Function", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Safety", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sports", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sports Medicine", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sprains and Strains", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T18:07:21Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T18:08:37Z" } }, { "key": "8G3BT4C4", "version": 53, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/8G3BT4C4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/8G3BT4C4", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/BQITN935", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "8G3BT4C4", "version": 53, "parentItem": "BQITN935", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T18:07:21Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16278548", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T18:07:21Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T18:07:21Z" } }, { "key": "8JCJEF3Q", "version": 52, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/8JCJEF3Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/8JCJEF3Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rheumatology Network", "parsedDate": "2011-06-28", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8JCJEF3Q", "version": 52, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Managing Quadriceps Strains for Early Return to Play", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Rheumatology Network" } ], "abstractNote": "Quadriceps (rectus femoris) strains are common among athletes, usually after kicking or sprinting. Learn about imaging tests for diagnosis and the exercises that encourage healing and rehabilitation.", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "28/06/2011", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.rheumatologynetwork.com/managing-quadriceps-strains-early-return-play", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T15:47:02Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T15:47:02Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T15:50:16Z" } }, { "key": "ER5WRGV8", "version": 47, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/ER5WRGV8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/ER5WRGV8", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": 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"type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/IEG9N6QA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sims et al.", "parsedDate": "2015", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IEG9N6QA", "version": 46, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Aspetar Sports Medicine Journal - Return to play process for hamstring injuries", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Leroy", "lastName": "Sims" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel", "lastName": "Garza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gordon", "lastName": "Matheson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "Aspetar Sports Medicine Journal", "websiteType": "", "date": "2015", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": 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"alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/244TFCJV", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/QF6QJPJ9", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "244TFCJV", "version": 37, "parentItem": "QF6QJPJ9", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T14:12:38Z", "url": "http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/532.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T14:12:38Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T14:12:38Z" } }, { "key": "QF6QJPJ9", "version": 37, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/QF6QJPJ9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/QF6QJPJ9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Askling et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-04-01", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "QF6QJPJ9", "version": 37, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Acute hamstring injuries in Swedish elite sprinters and jumpers: a prospective randomised controlled clinical trial comparing two rehabilitation protocols", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carl M.", "lastName": "Askling" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Magnus", "lastName": "Tengvar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Olga", "lastName": "Tarassova" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alf", "lastName": "Thorstensson" } ], "abstractNote": "Background Hamstring strain is a common injury in sprinters and jumpers, and therefore time to return to sport and secondary prevention become of particular concern.\nObjective To compare the effectiveness of two rehabilitation protocols after acute hamstring injury in Swedish elite sprinters and jumpers by evaluating time needed to return to full participation in the training process.\nStudy design Prospective randomised comparison of two rehabilitation protocols.\nMethods Fifty-six Swedish elite sprinters and jumpers with acute hamstring injury, verified by MRI, were randomly assigned to one of two rehabilitation protocols. Twenty-eight athletes were assigned to a protocol emphasising lengthening exercises, L-protocol, and 28 athletes to a protocol consisting of conventional exercises, C-protocol. The outcome measure was the number of days to return to full training. Re-injuries were registered during a period of 12 months after return.\nResults Time to return was significantly shorter for the athletes in the L-protocol, mean 49 days (1SD±26, range 18–107 days), compared with the C-protocol, mean 86 days (1SD±34, range 26–140 days). Irrespective of protocol, hamstring injuries where the proximal free tendon was involved took a significantly longer time to return than injuries that did not involve the free tendon, L-protocol: mean 73 vs 31 days and C-protocol: mean 116 vs 63 days, respectively. Two reinjuries were registered, both in the C-protocol.\nConclusions A rehabilitation protocol emphasising lengthening type of exercises is more effective than a protocol containing conventional exercises in promoting time to return in Swedish elite sprinters and jumpers.", "publicationTitle": "British Journal of Sports Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "04/01/2014", "volume": "48", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "532-539", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Br J Sports Med", "DOI": "10.1136/bjsports-2013-093214", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/7/532", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T14:12:38Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": ", 14730480", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Acute hamstring injuries in Swedish elite sprinters and jumpers", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "bjsm.bmj.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 24620041", "tags": [ { "tag": "Athletics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Eccentric Exercise", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hamstring Injuries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "MRI", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sports Rehabilitation Programs", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T14:12:38Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T14:12:38Z" } }, { "key": "ECG6MU2K", "version": 36, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/ECG6MU2K", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/ECG6MU2K", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mason et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-12-12", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "ECG6MU2K", "version": 36, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Rehabilitation for hamstring injuries", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Duncan L", "lastName": "Mason" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Victoria A", "lastName": "Dickens" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andy", "lastName": "Vail" } ], "abstractNote": "Background\nBackground\n\nHamstring injuries are a common musculoskeletal disorder, particularly amongst athletes. Many factors have been associated with these injuries, including motor control and strength, soft tissue length and postural alignment. Well-established rehabilitation protocols are commonly used in the treatment of this condition, but their effectiveness remains questionable. This is an update of a Cochrane review first published in 2007.\n\nObjectives\nObjectives\n\nTo evaluate the effectiveness of all rehabilitation strategies employed to promote the return to full strength, range of movement and function of those individuals presenting with all forms of hamstring injury, regardless of site, severity, onset or level of chronicity.\n\nSearch methods\nSearch methods\n\nWe searched the Cochrane Bone, Joint and Muscle Trauma Group Specialised Register (to September 2011), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (The Cochrane Library, 2011 Issue 3), MEDLINE (including in-process & other non-indexed citations: 1966 to August 2011), EMBASE (1980 to September 2011), PEDro (2006 to June 2012), CINAHL (1937 to September 2011), AMED (1985 to September 2011), SPORTDiscus (1859 to February 2006), and the World Health Organisation International Clinical Trials Registry platform (April 2012).\n\nSelection criteria\nSelection criteria\n\nRandomised clinical trials investigating the effect of at least one rehabilitation strategy, in isolation or combination with another, compared with another strategy or control, performed on individuals presenting with hamstring injuries.\n\nData collection and analysis\nData collection and analysis\n\nTwo review authors performed study selection. All review authors performed data extraction and assessed risk of bias. Any disagreement was resolved by discussion.\n\nMain results\nMain results\n\nTwo trials were included in the review, totaling 104 participants. One trial assessed additional (four times a day) versus once daily stretching and the other assessed exercise for movement dysfunction versus stretching and strengthening. The first trial, involving 80 elite athletes, suggested additional stretching could reduce time to return to full activity (mean difference (MD) -1.8 days, 95% confidence interval (CI) -2.1 to -1.5, P < 0.001). The second trial, involving 24 participants from a diverse sporting background, did not find conclusive evidence of a difference (MD -14.5 days, 95% CI -30.64 to 1.64, P = 0.08). It did, however, report reduced re-injury rates using exercise for movement dysfunction of 8% versus 64% (odds ratio (OR) 0.05, 95% CI 0.00 to 0.52, P = 0.01). No other outcomes relevant to this review were reported by either study: most notably pain and participant satisfaction.\n\nAuthors' conclusions\nAuthors' conclusions\n\nMost proposed physiotherapy techniques for rehabilitation of hamstring injuries have not been assessed using randomised trials. Those that have only have single studies with a limited range of participants and outcomes. There is limited evidence to suggest that time to recovery for elite athletes can be reduced with an increased daily frequency of hamstring stretching exercises. There is preliminary evidence from another small study of mixed ability athletes to suggest that exercise to correct movement dysfunction could reduce time to return to full activity and the risk of re-injury. Further studies are required to check these findings. Until further evidence is available, current practice and widely published rehabilitation protocols cannot either be supported or refuted.", "publicationTitle": "Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "12/12/2012", "volume": "", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "19", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1002/14651858.CD004575.pub3", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/14651858.CD004575.pub3/abstract", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T13:41:44Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2012 The Cochrane Collaboration. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T13:41:44Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T13:47:24Z" } }, { "key": "X86BTDGG", "version": 32, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/X86BTDGG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/X86BTDGG", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/ECG6MU2K", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "X86BTDGG", "version": 32, "parentItem": "ECG6MU2K", "itemType": "attachment", 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"version": 31, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/4IQUHTDI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/4IQUHTDI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bleakley et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-03-01", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "4IQUHTDI", "version": 31, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "PRICE needs updating, should we call the POLICE?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C. M.", "lastName": "Bleakley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Glasgow" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D. C.", "lastName": "MacAuley" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "British Journal of Sports Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "03/01/2012", "volume": "46", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "220-221", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Br J Sports Med", "DOI": "10.1136/bjsports-2011-090297", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://bjsm.bmj.com/content/46/4/220", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T13:15:51Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": ", 14730480", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "bjsm.bmj.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 21903616", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T13:15:51Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T13:15:51Z" } }, { "key": "87MAGS5B", "version": 30, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/87MAGS5B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/87MAGS5B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Watson", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "87MAGS5B", "version": 30, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Soft Tissue Repair and Healing Review", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tim", "lastName": "Watson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "Electrotherapy", "websiteType": "", "date": "2014", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.electrotherapy.org/modality/soft-tissue-repair-and-healing-review", "accessDate": "2015-05-24T11:58:07Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-24T11:58:07Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-24T12:02:21Z" } }, { "key": "NEEQ2SZ8", "version": 25, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 351878, "name": "Sports Injuries", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/351878/items/NEEQ2SZ8", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sports_injuries/items/NEEQ2SZ8", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2156460, "username": "mcymjme", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mcymjme", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Clark", "parsedDate": "2008-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "NEEQ2SZ8", "version": 25, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Hamstring injuries: risk assessment and injury prevention", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ross A.", "lastName": "Clark" } ], "abstractNote": "INTRODUCTION: Hamstring injuries are one of the most common injuries associated with sports participation. The aim of this review is to outline identified risk factors and examine preventative strategies for reducing the occurrence of this form of injury.\nMETHODS: An electronic search of Medline and SCOPUS was carried out for key words related to the area.\nRESULTS: A number of risk factors, including both intrinsic and modifiable, were identified. Important aspects of an exercise programme were then outlined based on these risk factors.\nCONCLUSION: A programme specifically designed to reduce the risk of hamstring injury by taking a strategised approach to exercise prescription may reduce the risk of hamstring injury. 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