[ { "key": "68H3NCX3", "version": 12101, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/68H3NCX3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/68H3NCX3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 482566, "username": "david.caterina", "name": "David Caterina", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/david.caterina", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Glaude et al.", "parsedDate": "2025-12-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "68H3NCX3", "version": 12101, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Innovative use of passive and active distributed temperature sensing for estimating infiltration rates in a managed aquifer recharge framework", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robin", "lastName": "Glaude" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nataline", "lastName": "Simon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Serge", "lastName": "Brouyère" } ], "abstractNote": "Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) has become an essential strategy for sustainable water management. Effective design of surface recharge systems relies on the accurate estimation of the soil infiltration capacity. In this context, the use of heat as a tracer has recently gained attention to quantify infiltration dynamics. Particularly, methods relying on Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS) along fiber optic (FO) cables have been developed to account for the spatial variability of the recharge. This study explores an innovative approach that combines two types of temperature sensing techniques, passive and active-DTS measurements, to evaluate infiltration rates in a MAR pilot site. An FO cable, buried in the loess sediments of an infiltration basin, recorded temperature changes during an infiltration test. First, the passive method monitored natural temperature changes as cooler water filled the basin, enabling the estimation of initial infiltration rates. Twenty-four hours later, the active method involved heating part of the cable to further assess infiltration rates during ongoing infiltration. The analysis of DTS data facilitated the mapping of the recharge within the MAR system. Furthermore, results show that the infiltration rate is significantly higher at the start of the infiltration test, demonstrating that combining passive and active-DTS measurements provides a better understanding of the infiltration dynamics. The findings demonstrate the viability of MAR in loess-based systems at the studied site and highlight the potential of DTS methods for long-term monitoring of MAR operations.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Hydrology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2025-12-01", "volume": "662", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "133848", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Hydrology", "DOI": "10.1016/j.jhydrol.2025.133848", "citationKey": "glaudeInnovativeUsePassive2025", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022169425011862", "accessDate": "2026-03-31T19:53:56Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0022-1694", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Distributed Temperature Sensing (DTS)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Heat tracer experiment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Heated fiber optic cable", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Infiltration monitoring", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Recharge mapping", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-31T19:53:56Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-31T19:53:56Z" } }, { "key": "LYRNVE76", "version": 12096, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/LYRNVE76", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/LYRNVE76", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 482566, "username": "david.caterina", "name": "David Caterina", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/david.caterina", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Michel et al.", "parsedDate": "2020-05-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "LYRNVE76", "version": 12096, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "BEL1D: 1D imaging using geophysical data in the framework of Bayesian Evidential Learning", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hadrien", "lastName": "Michel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frédéric", "lastName": "Nguyen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Hermans" } ], "abstractNote": "BEL1D has been newly introduced to the community as a viable algorithm for the stochastic interpretation of geophysical data in the form of 1D geological models. It relies on a simplified version of the Bayesian problem in reduced space called Bayesian Evidential Learning. However, the method is closer to machine learning than classical McMC approaches since it can be separated into a learning process followed by a prediction part. The learning phase consists in constituting statistical relationships between models parameters and geophysical data from a training set of numerical models. The prediction phase then samples the previous relationships according to field data. Compared to other stochastic methods such as McMC, BEL1D as key advantages: 1) it converges easily as long as the prior is consistent with the unique input parameter being the size of the training set, 2) every model in the posterior is drawn independently, making it easy to trace back their origin, 3) the CPU times are similar to McMC, but the method can be fully parallelized and the learning process can be done before data acquisition, leading to quasi instantaneous prediction of the posterior. BEL1D already has led to successful applications on surface nuclear magnetic resonance data as well as dispersion curves from surface waves analysis. Nonetheless, the method is not limited to those two examples and can be implemented for any 1D geophysical method as long as a forward model is provided. Currently, the method is implemented for blocky imaging but will be extended to non-blocky models in the future. The open source codes are readily available.", "proceedingsTitle": "", "conferenceName": "EGU General Assembly 2020", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2020-05-06", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-9190", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "michelBEL1D1DImaging2020", "url": "https://orbi.uliege.be/handle/2268/248783", "accessDate": "2026-03-31T15:16:06Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "BEL1D", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "orbi.uliege.be", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-31T15:16:06Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-31T15:16:06Z" } }, { "key": "R6ZSVLAW", "version": 12097, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/R6ZSVLAW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/R6ZSVLAW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 482566, "username": "david.caterina", "name": "David Caterina", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/david.caterina", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "R6ZSVLAW", "version": 12097, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "ORBi: Résultats de recherche", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "ORBiResultatsRecherche", "url": "https://orbi.uliege.be/simple-search?query=hadrien+michel&filter_1=author%3A%3Aauthority%3A%3Ap178594%7CMichel%2C+Hadrien&filter_2=type%3A%3Aauthority%3A%3ADSO%2FD04&filter_2=type%3A%3Aauthority%3A%3ADSO%2FD01&sort_by=issued_dt&order=desc&rpp=10&start=10", "accessDate": "2026-03-31T15:15:49Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-31T15:15:49Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-31T15:15:49Z" } }, { "key": "XC73MI2T", "version": 12098, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/XC73MI2T", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/XC73MI2T", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 482566, "username": "david.caterina", "name": "David Caterina", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/david.caterina", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "De Lanève and Env", "parsedDate": "2025-06-29", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "XC73MI2T", "version": 12098, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Surface Electrical Resistivity Tomography: Infiltration Test Monitoring in Vegetated and Bare Soils", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Clément", "lastName": "De Lanève" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Université de Liège > Master ing civ min geol fin spéc géol ing", "lastName": "Env" } ], "abstractNote": "Perennial crops of Miscanthus X Giganteus cultivated for energy purposes have already been proved to reduce water erosion and are used also as a natural barrier for mud flows on border of fields, in addition of these properties, in this work, this plant is studied to assess its infiltration potential.\nIn order to demonstrate the better infiltration in soils with presence of miscanthus, a runoff infiltration experiment has been conducted in Gembloux (BE) monitored by Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) surface profiles. The runoff setup was equally distributed in a miscanthus parcel and the bare soil of a field, uncultivated at the moment. The experiment was repeated 3 times and timelapse measurements were performed to study the dynamics of the infiltration. The processing of these data revealed few challenges mainly related to artifacts of resistivity increase and the influence of a water sheet flow during the infiltration step on the data acquisition. Firstly, to assess this influence, a synthetic model is construct and revealed that the top resistivity of the profile calculated by the inversion is misinterpreted (lower calculated resistivity than real resistivities). From this model, it is determined that despite misinterpreting the real resistivities, relative change is still qualitatively interpretable. For the other main problem (about artifacts), advanced processing consisting in applying full timelapse processing with spatial and temporal constraints revealed to be successful to reduce artifacts but also reduce the accuracy of the inversion result by over smoothing, nonetheless, change of resistivity is still proved to be accurate qualitatively. \nAt the end, timelapse study with before and after analysis revealed an overall greater resistivity decrease in the miscanthus plot, nevertheless due to limitation to convert this decrease in water content variation, the better infiltration potential cannot be rigorously proved but clues in the timelapse study are encouraging to suppose a better infiltration in the vegetated soil. An overall infiltration pattern has been distinguished, linking it with the initial conditions revealed limitations of the infiltration at a change of soil horizon at this time scale, at an estimated depth of 40-50 cm. Finally, perspectives of infiltration monitoring by ERT were investigated through the assessment of an infiltration stick that has for purpose to be installed in small boreholes and increase resolution at higher depths when coupled with classic surface setups. The analysis between the stick and a classic setup revealed a good efficiency of the studied instrument.", "publicationTitle": "", "publisher": "Université de Liège, Liège, Belgique", "place": "", "date": "2025-06-29T22:00:00Z", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "Université de Liège", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "delaneveSurfaceElectricalResistivity2025", "url": "https://matheo.uliege.be/handle/2268.2/23347", "accessDate": "2026-03-31T11:47:12Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Surface Electrical Resistivity Tomography", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "matheo.uliege.be", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "Accepted: 2025-07-05T02:10:35Z", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-31T11:47:12Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-31T11:47:12Z" } }, { "key": "W4BDNSF9", "version": 12099, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/W4BDNSF9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/W4BDNSF9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Zhang et al.", "parsedDate": "2025", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "W4BDNSF9", "version": 12099, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency and geomechanical safety in high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) systems based on coupled thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) analysis", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Le", "lastName": "Zhang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zerui", "lastName": "Mi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Wenzhuo", "lastName": "Cao" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Liyuan", "lastName": "Liu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luka", "lastName": "Tas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Hermans" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper introduces a comprehensive thermo-hydro-mechanical (THM) modeling framework tailored for high-temperature aquifer thermal energy storage (HT-ATES) systems. Our framework presents a novel dualassessment approach that simultaneously evaluates thermal performance and geomechanical stability of HT-ATES systems. The framework combines advanced sensitivity analysis with multi-objective optimization to concurrently boost thermal efficiency and maintain geomechanical safety. The model simulates the cyclic injection-extraction process while capturing the interdependent effects of heat transfer, fluid flow, and mechanical stress evolution. A distance-based Generalized Sensitivity Analysis (DGSA) is applied to identify and rank the most critical parameters influencing system performance and stability, particularly in regions such as the cold well and overlying caprock. Furthermore, surrogate models constructed with eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) facilitate a computationally efficient Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II (NSGA-II) optimization that investigates the trade-offs between enhancing heat production and minimizing failure risks. Validation against high-fidelity simulations reveals that, compared to a benchmark model with a thermal recovery efficiency of approximately 85% and a caprock slip tendency of 34◦, the optimized designs achieve around 88% efficiency and reduce the caprock slip tendency to 29◦. These quantitative improvements demonstrate that the proposed framework significantly enhances both energy production and geomechanical stability, offering valuable guidance for the design of robust HT-ATES systems under fixed geological conditions.", "publicationTitle": "Energy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/2025", "volume": "332", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "137096", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.energy.2025.137096", "citationKey": "zhangMultiobjectiveOptimizationEnergy2025", "url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0360544225027380", "accessDate": "2026-03-30T09:11:11Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "03605442", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "DN6B3TT9" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-30T09:11:11Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-30T09:11:11Z" } }, { "key": "4VU26H27", "version": 9605, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/4VU26H27", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/4VU26H27", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/W4BDNSF9", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4VU26H27", "version": 9605, "parentItem": "W4BDNSF9", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Zhang et al. - 2025 - Multi-objective optimization of energy efficiency and geomechanical safety in high-temperature aquif.pdf", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-30T09:10:59Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-30T09:11:11Z" } }, { "key": "SG2X7EW6", "version": 12100, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/SG2X7EW6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/SG2X7EW6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Zhang et al.", "parsedDate": "2025", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "SG2X7EW6", "version": 12100, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling of geothermal energy systems in deep mines: Uncertainty quantification and design optimization", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Le", "lastName": "Zhang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anne-Catherine", "lastName": "Dieudonné" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alexandros", "lastName": "Daniilidis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Longjun", "lastName": "Dong" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Wenzhuo", "lastName": "Cao" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robin", "lastName": "Thibaut" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luka", "lastName": "Tas" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Hermans" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Applied Energy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "01/2025", "volume": "377", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "124531", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Applied Energy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.apenergy.2024.124531", "citationKey": "zhangThermohydromechanicalModelingGeothermal2025", "url": "https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0306261924019147", "accessDate": "2026-03-30T09:11:07Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "03062619", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling of geothermal energy systems in deep mines", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "DN6B3TT9" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-30T09:11:07Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-30T09:11:08Z" } }, { "key": "TGKBEXDC", "version": 9603, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/TGKBEXDC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/TGKBEXDC", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/SG2X7EW6", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TGKBEXDC", "version": 9603, "parentItem": "SG2X7EW6", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Zhang et al. - 2025 - Thermo-hydro-mechanical modeling of geothermal energy systems in deep mines Uncertainty quantificat.pdf", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-03-30T09:10:55Z", "dateModified": "2026-03-30T09:11:08Z" } }, { "key": "MF7HMMSJ", "version": 12095, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/MF7HMMSJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/MF7HMMSJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 482566, "username": "david.caterina", "name": "David Caterina", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/david.caterina", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Innocenti et al.", "parsedDate": "2026-02-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MF7HMMSJ", "version": 12095, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Geophysical reconnaissance of the Pays de Herve landslides, Belgium: case study of three active paleo-slides in a dissected tableland", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Agnese", "lastName": "Innocenti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anne-Sophie", "lastName": "Mreyen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Léna", "lastName": "Cauchie" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Caterina" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Valmy", "lastName": "Dorival" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yawar", "lastName": "Hussain" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hans-Balder", "lastName": "Havenith" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Veronica", "lastName": "Pazzi" } ], "abstractNote": "The Pays de Herve region in East Belgium is characterised by widespread slope instability. Some of these Quaternary paleo-landslides are still active, showing subsidence phenomena that can be related to the presence of weak subsurface materials such as clays (locally topped by weathered chalk) overlying a discontinuous sand-silt layer. This study provides a detailed characterisation of three active landslides in the area, with a particular focus on the Manaihan landslide, which is the most active and has also caused damage to surrounding buildings. To investigate these landslides, an integrated geophysical approach was applied, combining electrical resistivity tomography, P-wave seismic refraction, multichannel analysis of surface waves, and microseismic ambient noise measurements (H/V analysis). Each method has intrinsic limitations, but their combined use allowed for a comprehensive analysis of the sliding surfaces. While the first three techniques provided detailed information on limited sectors of each landslide, the ambient noise measurements enabled the coverage of the entire landslide areas. This integrated approach, combining microseismic ambient noise frequency analysis, allowed for a detailed mapping of the Manaihan landslide’s subsurface and the creation of a 3D geological model of the site. The results align well with the geophysical imagery collected, allowing the precise identification of the landslide bases and enhancing the understanding of the subsurface structure in the Pays de Herve region.", "publicationTitle": "Landslides", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2026-02-01", "volume": "23", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "351-368", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Landslides", "DOI": "10.1007/s10346-025-02615-7", "citationKey": "innocentiGeophysicalReconnaissancePays2026", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s10346-025-02615-7", "accessDate": "2026-02-11T10:34:14Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1612-5118", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Geophysical reconnaissance of the Pays de Herve landslides, Belgium", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Springer Link", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Electrical resistivity tomography", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "H/V amplitude", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "MASW", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Seismic refraction tomography", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-02-11T10:34:14Z", "dateModified": "2026-02-11T10:34:14Z" } }, { "key": "FSW23DPD", "version": 12033, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/FSW23DPD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/FSW23DPD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Reynolds", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FSW23DPD", "version": 12033, "itemType": "book", "title": "An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John M", "lastName": "Reynolds" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "reynoldsIntroductionAppliedEnvironmental", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Zotero", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-11-28T08:54:00Z", "dateModified": "2025-11-28T08:54:09Z" } }, { "key": "PUKIK9VA", "version": 9566, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/PUKIK9VA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/PUKIK9VA", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/FSW23DPD", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PUKIK9VA", "version": 9566, "parentItem": "FSW23DPD", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Reynolds - An Introduction to Applied and Environmental Geophysics.pdf", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-11-28T08:53:44Z", "dateModified": "2025-11-28T08:54:01Z" } }, { "key": "PQ38Y4BM", "version": 12034, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/PQ38Y4BM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/PQ38Y4BM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Furman et al.", "parsedDate": "2003", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "PQ38Y4BM", "version": 12034, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A Sensitivity Analysis of Electrical Resistivity Tomography Array Types Using Analytical Element Modeling", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alex", "lastName": "Furman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ty P. A.", "lastName": "Ferré" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. W.", "lastName": "Warrick" } ], "abstractNote": "The analytic element method is used to investigate the spatial sensitivity of different electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) arrays. By defining the sensitivity of an array to a subsurface location we were able to generate maps showing the distribution of the sensitivity throughout the subsurface. This allows us to define regions of the subsurface where different ERT arrays are most and least sensitive. We compared the different arrays using the absolute value of the sensitivity and using its spatial distribution. Comparison is presented for three commonly used arrays (Wenner, Schlumberger, and double dipole) and for one atypical array (partially overlapping). Most common monitoring techniques use a single measurement to measure a property at a single location. The spatial distribution of the property is determined by interpolation of these measurements. In contrast, ERT is unique in that multiple measurements are interpreted simultaneously to create maps of spatially distributed soil properties. We define the spatial sensitivity of an ERT survey to each location on the basis of the sum of the sensitivities of the single arrays composing the survey to that location. With the goal of applying ERT for time‐lapse measurements, we compared the spatial sensitivities of different surveys on a per measurement basis. Compared are three surveys based on the typical Wenner, Schlumberger, and double dipole arrays, one atypical survey based on the partially overlapping array, and one mixed survey built of arrays that have been shown to be optimal for a series of single perturbations. Results show the inferiority of the double dipole survey compared with other surveys. On a per measurement basis, there was almost no difference between the Wenner and the Schlumberger surveys. The atypical partially overlapping survey is superior to the typical arrays. Finally, we show that a survey composed of a mixture of array types is superior to all of the single array type surveys. By analyzing the spatial sensitivity of the single array, and most significantly the sensitivity of the ERT survey, we set the basis for quantitative measurement of subsurface properties using ERT, with applications to both static and transient hydrologic processes.", "publicationTitle": "Vadose Zone Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "08/2003", "volume": "2", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "416-423", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Vadose Zone Journal", "DOI": "10.2136/vzj2003.4160", "citationKey": "furmanSensitivityAnalysisElectrical2003", "url": "https://acsess.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.2136/vzj2003.4160", "accessDate": "2025-10-21T09:04:02Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1539-1663, 1539-1663", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "DOI.org (Crossref)", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "HS3FIG6W" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-21T09:04:02Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-21T09:04:02Z" } }, { "key": "YZ8WKSTG", "version": 9563, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/YZ8WKSTG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/YZ8WKSTG", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/PQ38Y4BM", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 483855, "username": "hermanst", "name": "Hermans Thomas", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/hermanst", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "YZ8WKSTG", "version": 9563, "parentItem": "PQ38Y4BM", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "PDF", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Furman et al. - 2003 - A Sensitivity Analysis of Electrical Resistivity Tomography Array Types Using Analytical Element Mod.pdf", "md5": null, "mtime": null, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-21T09:03:56Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-21T09:04:02Z" } }, { "key": "RYJTZBPF", "version": 12050, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/RYJTZBPF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/RYJTZBPF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Fischanger et al.", "parsedDate": "2018-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RYJTZBPF", "version": 12050, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Geophysical anomalies detected by electrical resistivity tomography in the area surrounding Tutankhamun's tomb", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Federico", "lastName": "Fischanger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gianluca", "lastName": "Catanzariti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cesare", "lastName": "Comina" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luigi", "lastName": "Sambuelli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gianfranco", "lastName": "Morelli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Filippo", "lastName": "Barsuglia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Ellaithy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F.", "lastName": "Porcelli" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Cultural Heritage", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2018-09", "volume": "36", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/j.culher.2018.07.011", "citationKey": "fischangerGeophysicalAnomaliesDetected2018", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "WACML3DN", "version": 12049, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/WACML3DN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/WACML3DN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "AGUIZY et al.", "parsedDate": "2020-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "WACML3DN", "version": 12049, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The discovery of the tomb of the Great Army General Iwrhya: A quasi 3D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), Saqqara, Giza, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ola", "lastName": "AGUIZY" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mohamed", "lastName": "Gobashy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Metwally" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Khaled", "lastName": "Soliman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nader", "lastName": "El-Hassanin" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Contributions to Geophysics and Geodesy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2020-12", "volume": "50", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.31577/congeo.2020.50.4.3", "citationKey": "aguizyDiscoveryTombGreat2020", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "RS473T3C", "version": 12048, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/RS473T3C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/RS473T3C", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Saleh et al.", "parsedDate": "2022-05-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RS473T3C", "version": 12048, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Detection of Archaeological Ruins Using Integrated Geophysical Surveys at the Pyramid of Senusret II, Lahun, Fayoum, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Salah", "lastName": "Saleh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Saleh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. E.", "lastName": "El Emam" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ali M.", "lastName": "Radwan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Lethy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hassan A.", "lastName": "Khalil" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gad", "lastName": "El-Qady" } ], "abstractNote": "Geophysical surveys were conducted in the Lahun area (Fayoum, Egypt). The Lahun area is known to have been the royal necropolis during the period of Senusret II (1897–1878 BC), where he built his pyramid. Integrated magnetic and gravity measurements were applied to investigate five locations in the area. The gravity survey was implemented in the areas where chambers, shafts, or cavity-like structures are expected, and magnetic survey was applied in the areas where mudbrick structures are expected. The magnetic survey was conducted using a Geoscan fluxgate gradiometer, whereas the gravity survey was conducted using a Scintrex CG-5 gravimeter. The geophysical survey successfully revealed anomalies that could be part of the trench between the Queen’s Pyramid and the Senusret II Pyramid, several pits in the eastern and southern sides of Senusret II Pyramid, two chambers that could be royal tombs, and the remains of three large mudbrick structures that could be ancient warehouses.", "publicationTitle": "Pure and Applied Geophysics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2022-05-01", "volume": "179", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1981-1993", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Pure and Applied Geophysics", "DOI": "10.1007/s00024-022-03010-2", "citationKey": "salehDetectionArchaeologicalRuins2022", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-022-03010-2", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1420-9136", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "EDQBZXZP", "version": 12047, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/EDQBZXZP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/EDQBZXZP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hatem et al.", "parsedDate": "2025-04-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "EDQBZXZP", "version": 12047, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Geophysical Exploration for Archaeological Ruins North of Senusret I Pyramid, El-Lisht Area, Giza, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dalia", "lastName": "Hatem" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed El", "lastName": "Kotb" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tareq Fahmy", "lastName": "Abdallatif" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Khamis", "lastName": "Mansour" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Saada A.", "lastName": "Saada" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mohamed", "lastName": "Al Deep" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed M.", "lastName": "Eldosouky" } ], "abstractNote": "A pioneer geophysical investigation utilizing magnetic gradiometry, ground-penetrating radar, and electrical resistivity tomography was conducted in the eastern area of Senusret I pyramid, El-Lisht area, Giza, Egypt, to identify all possible archaeological features and/or ancient historical remains. A high-resolution magnetic gradient survey was conducted at two selected areas (A & B) east of the pyramid using the FM256 instrument to measure the vertical magnetic gradient and identify any possible extension of a few traces of the mudbrick features observed at some places of the study area. Subsequently, 60 GPR and 3 ERT lines were conducted in area A to confirm the resulting magnetic anomalies. Further, 14 GPR lines were carried out in area C to investigate any possible near-surface features between areas A and B. The magnetic data in areas A and B revealed several high magnetic anomalies that are very likely indicative of buried mud bricks structures and scattered granitic blocks. GPR data in areas A and C showed numerous hyperbolic features varying in size and amplitude, which have been interpreted as possible limestone structures and/or mud bricks walls. ERT results in area A depicted high resistivities that were interpreted by the magnetic gradiometry data as mud bricks walls. Integrating the findings from magnetic, GPR, and ERT surveys indicates the presence of ruins of a part of an ancient temple, potentially constructed from mud bricks in the 12th Dynasty. The integrated results emphasize the importance of applying more than one geophysical method at the same location to highlight the promising monuments that certainly require further excavation and restoration efforts to develop the area for future tourism programs.", "publicationTitle": "Pure and Applied Geophysics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2025-04-01", "volume": "182", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1673-1695", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Pure and Applied Geophysics", "DOI": "10.1007/s00024-024-03613-x", "citationKey": "hatemGeophysicalExplorationArchaeological2025", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s00024-024-03613-x", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1420-9136", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "GL7BZTVR", "version": 12046, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/GL7BZTVR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/GL7BZTVR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "El-Gamili et al.", "parsedDate": "1999", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GL7BZTVR", "version": 12046, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Geoelectric resistance scanning on parts of Abydos Cemetery Region, Sohag Governorate, Upper Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. M.", "lastName": "El-Gamili" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. S.", "lastName": "El-Mahmoudi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. SH.", "lastName": "Osman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. GH.", "lastName": "Hassaneen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A.", "lastName": "Metwaly" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract The ancient Egyptian Abedju (original name of the present Abydos) locality is a famous archaeological site southwest of Balyana town, Sohag Governorate, Upper Egypt. It is located to the west of the agricultural land of the Nile Valley. The locality represents one of the most important burial grounds for kings and high court dignitaries in ancient Egypt. Shallow geophysical techniques are considered as one of the most accurate and cost-effective methods used in archaeological prospecting and are considered as rapid and safe techniques in detecting a wide range of buried archaeological features. The geoelectric resistance scanning technique, using the Geoscan RM-15 Resistance Meter, is applied with a twin-electrode configuration at three sites of the unexcavated localities of Abydos area. This technique proved to be a useful means of exploring the sites through mapping the subsurface burial inhomogeneities resulting from the marked resistance contrast between the buried stone and brick walls and the covering fill of sand, silt and clay. Interesting different buried features are imaged and displayed on maps and three-dimensional representations to guide the archaeological excavation programmes at the sites of Umm El-Qaab, Shunet El-Zebib and Kom El-Sultan within the Abydos region. At the Umm El-Qaab site the combined interpretation of the tomography resistance ranges and maps indicate buried walls and rubble as well as an amorphous background area. At the Shunet El-Zebib site, the texture of the images, which show scattered and crowded high-resistance anomalies, confirms the existence of buried tombs at the site, which is surrounded by defence walls. Thus, this site was not a fortress or a palace, but a special cemetery for higher dignitaries. Kom El-Sultan, however, shows a concentration of high-resistance anomalies at the northern part. Thus, these may be related to walls and rubble related to a nearby elevated temple. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "publicationTitle": "Archaeological Prospection", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1999", "volume": "6", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "225-239", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1099-0763(199912)6:4<225::AID-ARP126>3.0.CO;2-S", "citationKey": "el-gamiliGeoelectricResistanceScanning1999", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/%28SICI%291099-0763%28199912%296%3A4%3C225%3A%3AAID-ARP126%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/%28SICI%291099-0763%28199912%296%3A4%3C225%3A%3AAID-ARP126%3E3.0.CO%3B2-S", "tags": [ { "tag": "Abydos" }, { "tag": "Necropolis" }, { "tag": "Upper Egypt" }, { "tag": "archaeological remains" }, { "tag": "geophysical prospecting" }, { "tag": "resistance imaging" } ], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "GCDGHUU2", "version": 12045, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/GCDGHUU2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/GCDGHUU2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ebraheem and Ibrahim", "parsedDate": "2022", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GCDGHUU2", "version": 12045, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Contributions of ground-penetrating radar in research of some predynastic and dynastic archaeological sites at the eastern and western banks of the River Nile, Assiut, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mohamed O.", "lastName": "Ebraheem" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hamza A.", "lastName": "Ibrahim" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) prospection method has rarely been used previously in Egyptian archaeology and never for a necropolis. Archaeologists have looked at GPR as a powerful method for exploring subsurface spatial patterns in the archaeological record without excavation. The results of the GPR survey were compared with the archaeological excavation outcomes on two archeological sites in Assiut. The first site is the temple located on a rocky bench on the northern slopes of El-Hamamia, the Eastern bank of the Nile (a part of El Badari civilization period, belongs to Predynastic cemeteries). The second is the rocky tomb at the Western bank of the Nile at Gahdem (belongs to the period from the IXth to the XXXth dynasty). The main purpose of this study is to correlate the types of reflections recorded from GPR profiles and high-amplitude features visible in amplitude maps with unearthed archaeological features. The applied software was able to process and analyse different digital data set with the given parameters. In each investigated archaeological area, the details of the GPR model are correlated level-by-level to the data of archeological excavations of ancient ages and data of the historical documents. Three-dimensional time-slices of the GPR data allow the identification of the enhanced targets of potential archaeological interest before planning excavation. Therefore, this research paper can be used as a benchmark to evaluate the efficiency of GPR method for identifying buried archaeological artifacts/vestiges for future archaeological prospection in Egypt.", "publicationTitle": "Archaeological Prospection", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2022", "volume": "29", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "177-189", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1844", "citationKey": "ebraheemContributionsGroundpenetratingRadar2022", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/arp.1844", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/arp.1844", "tags": [ { "tag": "Egypt" }, { "tag": "El-Hamamia" }, { "tag": "Gahdem" }, { "tag": "River Nile" }, { "tag": "ground-penetrating radar" } ], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "TRQQDUAZ", "version": 12044, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/TRQQDUAZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/TRQQDUAZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Porcelli et al.", "parsedDate": "2020-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TRQQDUAZ", "version": 12044, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Integrated Geophysics and Geomatics Surveys in the Valley of the Kings", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F.", "lastName": "Porcelli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luigi", "lastName": "Sambuelli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cesare", "lastName": "Comina" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Antonia", "lastName": "Spano" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrea", "lastName": "LINGUA" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alessio", "lastName": "Calantropio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gianluca", "lastName": "Catanzariti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Filiberto", "lastName": "Chiabrando" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Federico", "lastName": "Fischanger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paolo", "lastName": "Maschio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Ellaithy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Giulia", "lastName": "Airoldi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Valeria", "lastName": "De Ruvo" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Sensors", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2020-03", "volume": "20", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.3390/s20061552", "citationKey": "porcelliIntegratedGeophysicsGeomatics2020", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "8YT39PL6", "version": 12043, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/8YT39PL6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/8YT39PL6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Aubry et al.", "parsedDate": "2016-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8YT39PL6", "version": 12043, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The role of geoarchaeology in the preservation and management of the Theban Necropolis, West Bank, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marie-Pierre", "lastName": "Aubry" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christian", "lastName": "Dupuis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William A.", "lastName": "Berggren" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Holeil", "lastName": "Ghaly" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Ward" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chris", "lastName": "King" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert W. O'B.", "lastName": "Knox" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Khaled", "lastName": "Ouda" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Moustafa", "lastName": "Youssef" } ], "abstractNote": "A World Heritage Site since 1979, the Theban Necropolis was built by the Pharaohs of the 18th to 20th Dynasties (c. 1539 – 1075 BCE). A variety of pharaonic (and lesser nobles') tombs, funerary temples and sanctuaries were located/excavated in the lower part of the c. 400 m high pyramidal El Qurn in a variety of lithofacies (predominantly marine limestones and shales). These monuments are located in regionally persistent structural entities as well as gravitational collapse structures (GCS) whose probable origin and timing are reviewed and updated here, based on information that was unavailable to us at the time of writing a complementary paper in 2008 (but only published in 2015). We review here the historical development of the Theban Necropolis in the framework of the geological and geomorphological landscape and the first geological map of the region prepared by our Working Group for the Theban International Geoarcheological Project (TIGA) in 2011. We conclude with a preferential prioritizing of the perceived short- and long-term threats to the preservation of the Theban Necropolis and its monuments: least vulnerable to destabilization are the Valley of the Kings, Valley of the Queens, Block of Sheik Abdel Qurnah – El Khokkah; more vulnerable are Deir El Medina, Qunet Mura'I and El Assasif; most vulnerable are the Village of the Workers, Deir El Bahari and the Valley of the Colors. Accordingly it will be necessary to devise geotechnical solutions to prevent the destruction of (at least) some of the monuments under consideration here.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the Yorkshire Geological Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2016-09", "volume": "61", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "134-147", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1144/pygs2016-366", "citationKey": "aubryRoleGeoarchaeologyPreservation2016", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1144/pygs2016-366", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0044-0604", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "_eprint: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsl/pygs/article-pdf/61/2/134/2882094/pygs2016-366.pdf", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "9AAG7CMA", "version": 12042, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/9AAG7CMA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/9AAG7CMA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Odah et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9AAG7CMA", "version": 12042, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Archaeological exploration using magnetic and GPR methods at the first court of Hatshepsut Temple in Luxor, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hatem", "lastName": "Odah" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Ismail" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ibrahim", "lastName": "El-Hemaly" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Neil", "lastName": "Anderson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Abbas", "lastName": "Ali" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Fathy", "lastName": "Shaaban" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Arabian Journal of Geosciences - ARAB J GEOSCI", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011-03", "volume": "6", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1007/s12517-011-0380-x", "citationKey": "odahArchaeologicalExplorationUsing2011", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "LIZHR7NC", "version": 12041, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/LIZHR7NC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/LIZHR7NC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "El Emam et al.", "parsedDate": "2021", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "LIZHR7NC", "version": 12041, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Archaeological Investigation and Hazard Assessment Using Magnetic, Ground-Penetrating Radar, and GPS Tools at Dahshour Area, Giza, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. E.", "lastName": "El Emam" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Lethy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ali M.", "lastName": "Radwan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Awad" } ], "abstractNote": "

An archeological study using magnetic and ground-penetrating radar methods has been performed at the Dahshour region (Giza, Egypt), where various covered structures have not been found because of the long coercion of the zone under the military specialists. Dahshour is the southern extension of the Saqqara and Giza Pyramids plateau, around 25 km south of Cairo. The area is known for its colored pyramids—the white, red, and black pyramids, and the famous Bent Pyramid. Four investigation sites were chosen around the Bent Pyramid complex. The geophysical investigation has revealed the presence of some buried structures made up of mud bricks such as tombs, mud-brick walls, causeway, and remains of an ancient temple. Numerous limestone blocks were also detected. The study indicates the possible existence of an older valley temple made up of mud bricks and confirms the existence of another causeway that led to the Nile Valley. To protect the Egyptian heritage around this vital area, a detailed computation of the current crustal stress/strain state has been performed by taking into account all the available GPS observations. Achieved results indicated that the southern and the southeastern sectors of the investigated area are currently accumulating strain, and this means that there is a possibility for future earthquakes to occur around this vital archaeological area. Buried structures are preserved by confinement in the burial materials like a large mold. However, external load or stress can still cause damage. Therefore, during excavation, the stress should be reduced to avoid wall collapsing and structure damage. Therefore, it is recommended to start excavation from the stress direction from the southern side.

", "publicationTitle": "Frontiers in Earth Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2021", "volume": "Volume 9 - 2021", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.3389/feart.2021.674953", "citationKey": "elemamArchaeologicalInvestigationHazard2021", "url": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/earth-science/articles/10.3389/feart.2021.674953", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2296-6463", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "QU8LJHN5", "version": 12040, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/QU8LJHN5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/QU8LJHN5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Booth et al.", "parsedDate": "2015", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QU8LJHN5", "version": 12040, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Structure of an Ancient Egyptian Tomb Inferred from Ground-Penetrating Radar Imaging of Deflected Overburden Horizons", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adam D.", "lastName": "Booth" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kasia", "lastName": "Szpakowska" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elena", "lastName": "Pischikova" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kenneth", "lastName": "Griffin" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract Geophysical data acquisitions in most archaeological campaigns aim to image the target structure directly. The presence of a target, however, may be inferred from its interaction with surrounding layers, if its relationship with those layers can be characterized sufficiently. In this paper, we show the use of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) to detect the subsurface continuation of the Ancient Egyptian tomb of the high-official Karakhamun (Theban Tomb 223) at the South Asasif tomb complex (Luxor, Egypt). Data were acquired using a Sensors & Software pulseEKKO PRO system, equipped with antennas of 500 MHz centre-frequency, on a silty–sandy sediment surface directly over the target structure. A test vertical radar profile (VRP) suggested that the tomb superstructure was buried too deeply beneath sedimentary overburden to be imaged directly: 500 MHz energy would propagate for only 2 m before becoming undetectable. Attenuative layers within that overburden were strongly reflective, however, and could be used to provide indirect evidence of any underlying structure. When observed in the GPR grid, these layers showed a discrete zone of deflection, 0.9 m in amplitude and 4 m wide, aligned with the long-axis of the tomb. This deflection was attributed either to a collapsed vestibule beneath the survey site, or sediment settling within an unroofed staircase descending from ground- to tomb-floor-level; supporting evidence of this was obtained towards the end of the excavation campaign and in the following year. We highlight the value of such indirect imaging methods as a potential means of improving the capabilities of a given geophysical survey system, in this case allowing the GPR to characterize a target at greater depth than would typically be considered practical. © 2014 The Authors. Archaeological Prospection published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.", "publicationTitle": "Archaeological Prospection", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2015", "volume": "22", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "33-44", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "https://doi.org/10.1002/arp.1496", "citationKey": "boothStructureAncientEgyptian2015", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/arp.1496", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/arp.1496", "tags": [ { "tag": "Ancient Egypt" }, { "tag": "Ground-penetrating radar" }, { "tag": "South Asasif" }, { "tag": "stratigraphy" }, { "tag": "tomb" }, { "tag": "vertical radar profile" } ], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } }, { "key": "CQKXD42K", "version": 12039, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 35096, "name": "Applied geophysics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/35096/items/CQKXD42K", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/applied_geophysics/items/CQKXD42K", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 6030318, "username": "tomdebouny", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tomdebouny", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "El-khteeb et al.", "parsedDate": "2025-03-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CQKXD42K", "version": 12039, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Archeological exploration via integrated shallow geophysical methods: case study from Saqqara, Giza, Egypt", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "El-khteeb" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Walid M.", "lastName": "Mabrouk" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Khaled S.", "lastName": "Soliman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ola Mohamed", "lastName": "EL Aguizy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ahmed", "lastName": "Metwally" } ], "abstractNote": "An integrated geophysical survey, Seismic Refraction Tomography (SRT), Ground Penetrating Radar (GPR), and Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT), was carried out at the UNESCO World Heritage site of Saqqara, Giza, Egypt, as part of the Cairo University’s ongoing exploration project (Phase II). The primary objective of this survey was to detect and map any subsurface archeological features, such as tombs, within the study area. These geophysical methods were selected for their rapid, non-invasive nature, offering a cost-effective alternative to conventional excavation and trenching techniques. By providing valuable insights into the subsurface without disturbing the integrity of the site, the survey contributes significantly to archeological research. Each geophysical method provides unique insights: SRT data distinguished a shallow sandstone layer P-wave velocity (Vp = 400–1100 m/s) above a deeper limestone bedrock (Vp: 1200–1900 m/s), with low-velocity anomalies suggesting potential voids or chambers. GPR profiles detected linear features, likely walls or paths, alongside amplitude anomalies and low-amplitude anomalies suggesting chambers or rooms filled with high-conductive materials like clays and mud bricks. ERT data revealed high-resistivity limestone zones and low-resistivity anomalies suggestive of filled with conductive materials like clays or mud bricks. The integrated approach identified three prominent anomalies A-1, A-2, and A-3 with consistent signatures across datasets: A-1 as a probable room filled with conductive material; A-2, a low-resistivity, low-velocity hall surrounded by sediments; and A-3, a subsurface chamber all of them at approximate depth 2 m. Combined 3D visualization of P-wave velocity and resistivity further reinforce these interpretations, validating the efficacy of integrated geophysical surveys in non-invasively mapping buried archeological features at Saqqara. The study emphasizes the importance of combining multiple geophysical methods for archeological exploration, providing a robust framework for future investigations at the study area and other historically significant sites. Moreover, the research supports ongoing preservation efforts, highlighting the role of advanced geophysical techniques in uncovering the hidden legacies of ancient civilizations while ensuring the protection of these cultural treasures.", "publicationTitle": "npj Heritage Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2025-03-01", "volume": "13", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "38", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "npj Heritage Science", "DOI": "10.1038/s40494-025-01605-1", "citationKey": "el-khteebArcheologicalExplorationIntegrated2025", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s40494-025-01605-1", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "3059-3220", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "G5QICRA8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z", "dateModified": "2025-10-17T10:21:19Z" } } ]