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In this study, potential impacts from solar energy deployment are examined in a comparative context. Specific wildlife enhancement and impact mitigation plans undertaken by SunPower and FirstSolar in California are detailed, and research initiated at Brookhaven National Laboratory on the changes of habitat associated with a solar farm at Long Island, New York, is outlined.", "proceedingsTitle": "2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)", "conferenceName": "2011 37th IEEE Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 2011", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "002011-002016", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1109/PVSC.2011.6186348", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Large photovoltaic power plants", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "IEEE Xplore", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Brookhaven National Laboratory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "FirstSolar impact mitigation plan", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Insects", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Long Island New York", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Measurement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Meteorology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Power generation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Soil", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Southwest United States", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SunPower impact mitigation plan", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "US-SW", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vegetation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Wildlife", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "photovoltaic power plants", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "photovoltaic power systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "solar energy deployment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "solar energy power plant", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "solar farm", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "solar power stations", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "wildlife benefit", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "wildlife enhancement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "wildlife impact", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-13T20:28:35Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-13T20:28:35Z" } }, { "key": "UQ6IVNNR", "version": 9, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 350937, "name": "Mitigation effectiveness avian/small mammal mortality at solar facilities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/350937/items/UQ6IVNNR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities/items/UQ6IVNNR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1989183, "username": "rachel.desormes", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rachel.desormes", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Walston et al.", "parsedDate": "2015", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UQ6IVNNR", "version": 9, "itemType": "report", "title": "A Review of Avian Monitoring and Mitigation Information at Existing UtilityScale Solar Facilities", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Leroy J.", "lastName": "Walston" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Katherine E.", "lastName": "Rollins" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Karen P.", "lastName": "Smith" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kirk E.", "lastName": "LaGory" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Karin", "lastName": "Sinclair" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Craig", "lastName": "Turchi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tim", "lastName": "Wendlin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Heidi", "lastName": "Souder" } ], "abstractNote": "There are two basic types of solar energy technology: photovoltaic and concentrating solar power.\nAs the number of utility-scale solar energy facilities using these technologies is expected to increase in\nthe United States, so are the potential impacts on wildlife and their habitats. Recent attention is on the risk\nof fatality to birds. Understanding the current rates of avian mortality and existing monitoring\nrequirements is an important first step in developing science-based mitigation and minimization\nprotocols. The resulting information also allows a comparison of the avian mortality rates of utility-scale\nsolar energy facilities with those from other technologies and sources, as well as the identification of data\ngaps and research needs.\nThis report will present and discuss the current state of knowledge regarding avian issues at\nutility-scale solar energy facilities by:\n1. Summarizing available avian fatality data and issues;\n2. Summarizing current monitoring activities and reporting requirements;\n3. Summarizing avian mortality data for non‐solar development activities;\n4. Summarizing mitigation measures being used or considered by solar developers;\n5. Evaluating mitigation measures that have been successfully employed for non‐solar\nactivities for those that may be effective for solar development;\n6. Examining solar-technology‐specific aspects of avian fatality, including solar flux\nassociated with power towers; and\n7. Recommending future steps.", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Argonne National Lab, NREL", "place": "", "date": "Aoril 2015", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.evs.anl.gov/downloads/ANL-EVS_15-2.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-13T19:26:29Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-13T19:33:53Z" } }, { "key": "4DRDAZ4X", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 350937, "name": "Mitigation effectiveness avian/small mammal mortality at solar facilities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": 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350937, "name": "Mitigation effectiveness avian/small mammal mortality at solar facilities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/350937/items/62A2TFZS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities/items/62A2TFZS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1989183, "username": "rachel.desormes", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rachel.desormes", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kagan et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "62A2TFZS", "version": 2, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Avian Mortality at Solar Energy Facilities in Southern California: A Preliminary Analysis", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rebecca", "lastName": "Kagan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tabitha", "lastName": "Viner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Pepper", "lastName": "Trail" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edgard", "lastName": "Espinoza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edgard", "lastName": "Espinoza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edgard", "lastName": "Espinoza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edgard", "lastName": "Espinoza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edgard", "lastName": "Espinoza" } ], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "2014", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "shortTitle": "Avian Mortality at Solar Energy Facilities in Southern California", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-13T16:43:39Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-13T16:43:39Z" } }, { "key": "5SIFXN9M", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 350937, "name": "Mitigation effectiveness avian/small mammal mortality at solar facilities", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/350937/items/5SIFXN9M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/mitigation_effectiveness_aviansmall_mammal_mortality_at_solar_facilities/items/5SIFXN9M", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/350937/items/5AMHX257", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1989183, "username": "rachel.desormes", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rachel.desormes", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "5SIFXN9M", "version": 2, "parentItem": 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