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We describe the implementation of the system and the results on grading and on students.", "publicationTitle": "Primus: Problems, Resources & Issues in Mathematics Undergraduate Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 2018", "volume": "28", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "128", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Primus: Problems, Resources & Issues in Mathematics Undergraduate Studies", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "10511970", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "SBG", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Specifications-based grading", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "course design", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "foundations", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "proofs", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "6HDFIUTJ", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/6HDFIUTJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/6HDFIUTJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Blodgett", "parsedDate": "2017-10-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "6HDFIUTJ", "version": 5279, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Grading Matters in Theological Education", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Barbara J.", "lastName": "Blodgett" } ], "abstractNote": "Grading systems matter more to the teaching and learning enterprise than many teachers may realize, as demonstrated in the author's experience of adopting a new one. Different systems emphasize different values such as excellence vs. perfection, achievement vs. talent, and second chances vs. partial credit. The author relates her experiment with specifications grading, an outcome-based, pass/fail, rubric-based, and contractual grading system, and demonstrates its promise. She then addresses three questions her experiment raised: \"Should I grade at all and if so, toward what end?\" \"Exactly what am I grading when I grade?\" and \"Is there any way to lessen the sting of failure?\"", "publicationTitle": "Teaching Theology & Religion", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "October 1, 2017", "volume": "20", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "314-326", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Teaching Theology & Religion", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1368-4868", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "Wiley-Blackwell. 350 Main Street, Malden, MA 02148. Tel: 800-835-6770; Tel: 781-388-8598; Fax: 781-388-8232; e-mail: cs-journals@wiley.com; Web site: http://www.wiley.com/WileyCDA", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Academic Failure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Grading", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Outcomes of Education", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Scoring Rubrics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Teacher Attitudes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Theological Education", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "DJ23CMDE", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/DJ23CMDE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/DJ23CMDE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mirth", "parsedDate": "2017-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "DJ23CMDE", "version": 5279, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Applying Lean Thinking to the Structure and Delivery of a Kinematics Course", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John A.", "lastName": "Mirth" } ], "abstractNote": "The proper application of lean management techniques to manufacturing processes typically results in process improvements. Many of the principles of lean thinking can also be applied to the educational process. This paper examines the implementation of lean management principles in the design and delivery of a traditional lecture-based engineering course - Kinematics of Machines. The format of a typical kinematics course relies on lectures, homework, exams, and perhaps a design project as a means for transferring knowledge from the instructor to the students. In this paper, lean thinking principles are applied to redesign the kinematics course format to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of the knowledge transfer process. Because kinematics is taught in a common engineering course format, the model presented in this paper is transferrable to a number of other engineering courses. This paper demonstrates that the implementation of lean thinking at the course level does not require the development of new pedagogical techniques, but rather the proper use and arrangement of existing methods. The first step in modifying the structure of the kinematics course is to build the course around course outcomes rather than course topics. Five outcomes were identified for the kinematics course. A corresponding outcomes-based grading format (specifications grading) was then applied as a means for measuring the student progress through the course. Exams and partial credit grading were eliminated from the course format to remove interruptions and defects from the course flow. Course content was flipped with notes and minilectures placed on the learning management system for the course. This made the course content continuously available to students, allowing them to move at their own pace. Classroom meetings focused on active student engagement with students working on assignments and projects, maximizing their ability to interact with one another and the professor. Student response to the course, obtained via an end of the course survey, indicates a positive reaction to the course that is consistent with the observed behavior of the students during the course. Students favored the mini-lecture videos over live presentation of course material, with many students viewing any given video multiple times. Students took advantage of the outcome based assignments to progress at their chosen rate, with several students finishing the course one or two weeks prior to the end of the term.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 2017", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2019", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proceedings of the ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "21535868", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ACHIEVEMENT gains (Education)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "CAREER education", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "KINEMATICS", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "LEAN management", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "MANAGEMENT -- Philosophy", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "PGHG66WM", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/PGHG66WM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/PGHG66WM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ring", "parsedDate": "2017-12-12", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "PGHG66WM", "version": 5279, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "ConfChem Conference on Select 2016 BCCE Presentations: Specifications Grading in the Flipped Organic Classroom", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joshua", "lastName": "Ring" } ], "abstractNote": "Specifications Grading is a system of course-long student assessment based on the division of learning objectives into clearly defined skill tests or assignments. Each skill is evaluated at a mastery level, with opportunities for students to learn from their mistakes and then be re-evaluated for skill tests, or resubmit assignments. Specifications Grading was adapted into a previously flipped, first-semester organic chemistry course, with generally positive feedback from both the professor and the students. This Communication summarizes one of the invited papers to the Select 2016 BCCE Presentations ACS CHED Committee on Computers in Chemical Education online ConfChem held from October 30 to November 22, 2016.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Chemical Education", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "December 12, 2017", "volume": "94", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2005-2006", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Chemical Education", "DOI": "10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b01000", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00219584", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "ConfChem Conference on Select 2016 BCCE Presentations", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ABILITY testing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "CONFERENCE papers", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "CURRICULA (Courses of study)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Grading & marking (Students)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ORGANIC chemistry education", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "9ISZ4Q6S", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/9ISZ4Q6S", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/9ISZ4Q6S", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bonner", "parsedDate": "2016-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "9ISZ4Q6S", "version": 5279, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Grading Rigor in Counselor Education: A Specifications Grading Framework", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthew W.", "lastName": "Bonner" } ], "abstractNote": "According to accreditation and professional bodies, evaluation and grading are a high priority in counselor education. Specifications grading, an evaluative tool, can be used to increase grading rigor. This article describes the components of specifications grading and applies the framework of specif cations grading to a counseling theories course.", "publicationTitle": "Educational Research Quarterly", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 2016", "volume": "39", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "21-42", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Educational Research Quarterly", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://nuncio.cofc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=pbh&AN=116430596&site=eds-live&scope=site", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "01965042", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Grading Rigor in Counselor Education", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "ACADEMIC achievement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "EDUCATION", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "ELITISM in education", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PROMOTION (School)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "TEACHING", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "FEMSQMAM", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/FEMSQMAM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/FEMSQMAM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Elkins", "parsedDate": "2016", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FEMSQMAM", "version": 5279, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Grading to Learn: An Analysis of the Importance and Application of Specifications Grading in a Communication Course", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Donna M.", "lastName": "Elkins" } ], "abstractNote": "Learning should be the central characteristic of any instructional communication effort even the assigning of grades. However, grading has not received serious attention as a valuable variable in student learning in previous communication education research (Mazer & Graham, 2015) even though a survey published recently by Faculty Focus reported 75.8% of faculty respondents were moderately or very interested in articles about grading and feedback (Bart, 2016). This article explores the concept of specifications grading (Nilson, 2015) as one option for developing a learning- centered communication class. Specifications grading removes the emphasis on assigning a letter grade or point value and instead requires students to reach a certain level of performance for an assignment to be acceptable. The final grade in the course is based upon how many and what type of acceptable assignments or assessments the student has completed. After exploring the connection of specifications grading to mastery learning, competency-based grading, contract learning, and the link to encouraging the growth mindset, the author explores how specifications grading was applied in an online communication course, along with analysis of the resulting restoration of rigor, increase in student motivation, and faculty time required. The goal of the article is to act as a prompt for encouraging discussion and research in communication about the importance of grading as a tool to foster a learning-centered communication classroom.", "publicationTitle": "Kentucky Journal of Communication", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Fall 2016", "volume": "35", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "26-48", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Kentucky Journal of Communication", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://nuncio.cofc.edu/login?url=http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=ufh&AN=121428686&site=eds-live&scope=site", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "15333140", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Grading to Learn", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Communication education", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Grading & marking (Students)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Web-based instruction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "instructional communication", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "learning outcomes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "specifications grading", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "teaching online", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "3VCFTCXT", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/3VCFTCXT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/3VCFTCXT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Nilson", "parsedDate": "2015", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3VCFTCXT", "version": 5279, "itemType": "book", "title": "Specifications grading : restoring rigor, motivating students, and saving faculty time", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Linda Burzotta", "lastName": "Nilson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2015", "publisher": "Sterling, Virginia : Stylus, 2015.", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Specifications grading", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Education, Higher -- Standards -- United States", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Grading and marking (Students) -- United States", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "FRDZ994Q", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/FRDZ994Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/FRDZ994Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FRDZ994Q", "version": 5279, "itemType": "blogPost", "title": "specifications grading | Search Results | Active Learning in Political Science ©", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "blogTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://activelearningps.com/?s=specifications+grading", "accessDate": "2018-03-19T12:34:06Z", "ISSN": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en-US", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "VNNETQEA", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - Assimilation/Americanization Collection", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/34698/items/VNNETQEA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/duvall_-_assimilationamericanization_collection/items/VNNETQEA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 15571, "username": "duvalljm", "name": "Mike Duvall", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/duvalljm", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Webteam", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "VNNETQEA", "version": 5279, "itemType": "blogPost", "title": "University Times » Advocating a new way of grading", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "University of Pittsburgh University Marketing Communications", "lastName": "Webteam" } ], "abstractNote": "University Times", "blogTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://www.utimes.pitt.edu/?p=30598", "accessDate": "2018-03-19T12:30:13Z", "ISSN": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "EM92PSM8" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z", "dateModified": "2018-03-19T13:00:04Z" } }, { "key": "RIBXHSCB", "version": 5279, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 34698, "name": "Duvall - 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