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We suggest that severe restrictions on these capacities in the form of what we call functional stupidity are an equally important if under-recognized part of organizational life. Functional stupidity refers to an absence of reflexivity, a refusal to use intellectual capacities in other than myopic ways, and avoidance of justifications. We argue that functional stupidity is prevalent in contexts dominated by economy in persuasion which emphasizes image and symbolic manipulation. This gives rise to forms of stupidity management that repress or marginalize doubt and block communicative action. In turn, this structures individuals' internal conversations in ways that emphasize positive and coherent narratives and marginalize more negative or ambiguous ones. This can have productive outcomes such as providing a degree of certainty for individuals and organizations. But it can have corrosive consequences such as creating a sense of dissonance among individuals and the organization as a whole. The positive consequences can give rise to self-reinforcing stupidity. The negative consequences can spark dialogue, which may undermine functional stupidity.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Management Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2012", "volume": "49", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1194-1220", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01072.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1467-6486.2012.01072.x", "accessDate": "2020-08-10T15:28:12Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1467-6486", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2012 The Authors. 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Initially taking the form of reference, instruction, and collection development – often with subject specialization – the activities of liaisons have adapted and evolved in response to changing library user needs. In response to such changing needs and internal pressures, the Health Sciences Library at McMaster University is in the process of re-visioning its liaison program. The result is a set of proposed models informed by the literature and institutional context which contributed to the selection of a new direction for liaisons. Key steps reported in this article include a review of the literature, rationale and context, a librarian survey, and final decision.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Library Administration", "publisher": "Routledge", "place": "", "date": "November 17, 2017", "volume": "57", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "827-845", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/01930826.2017.1367250", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2017.1367250", "accessDate": "2020-03-07T01:02:37Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0193-0826", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "_eprint: https://doi.org/10.1080/01930826.2017.1367250", "tags": [ { "tag": "academic libraries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "liaison librarians", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "liaison models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "liaison program", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "library services", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2020-03-07T01:02:37Z", "dateModified": "2020-03-07T01:02:37Z" } }, { "key": "GI2DMGVY", "version": 96, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/GI2DMGVY", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/GI2DMGVY", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/MJPM9QPC", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GI2DMGVY", "version": 96, "parentItem": "MJPM9QPC", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Submitted Version", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:54:53Z", "url": "https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1287&context=lib_pubs", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Sundt and Eastman - 2019 - Informing Website Navigation Design with Team-Base.pdf", "md5": "9d94461f7b795ec9ab7f373bb92c1659", "mtime": 1572569693000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:54:53Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:54:53Z" } }, { "key": "MJPM9QPC", "version": 95, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/MJPM9QPC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/MJPM9QPC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sundt and Eastman", "parsedDate": "2019-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MJPM9QPC", "version": 95, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Informing Website Navigation Design with Team-Based Card Sorting", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alex", "lastName": "Sundt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Teagan", "lastName": "Eastman" } ], "abstractNote": "In 2016, Utah State University (USU) Libraries redesigned the library website's main menu and underlying information architecture (IA) in response to a number of known usability problems and limitations. Card sorting studies were conducted with a group of USU undergraduate students and a mixed group of faculty and graduate students to help develop a better understanding of users' mental models of library-related research and service tasks. Participants worked in teams to sort, rank and label cards pertaining to the content and feature of the library's website. Afterwards, participants discussed and performed usability tasks on each other's categories. Results were used to inform the design of a new IA and menu structure, while best practices from usability studies and trends in academic library website design were used to help with menu and link labeling. The final design was validated through follow-up discussions with staff, usability tests, and category/reverse category tests.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Web Librarianship; New York", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan/Mar 2019", "volume": "13", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "37-60", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19322909.2018.1544873", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://search.proquest.com/lisa/docview/2213226781/FABB9BAB0B944AC3PQ/12", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:54:52Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "19322909", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "ProQuest", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2019 Alex Sundt and Teagan Eastman", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Card sorting", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "academic libraries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "information architecture", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mental models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "user studies", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z66Q4Q9G" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:54:52Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:54:52Z" } }, { "key": "JDY4RBDD", "version": 93, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/JDY4RBDD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/JDY4RBDD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/UQQ74VFP", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JDY4RBDD", "version": 93, "parentItem": "UQQ74VFP", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_file", "title": "McDonald and Burkhardt - 2019 - Library-Authored Web Content and the Need for Cont.pdf", "accessDate": "", "url": "", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "McDonald and Burkhardt - 2019 - Library-Authored Web Content and the Need for Cont.pdf", "md5": "5e9de7a54a558590edebed18b8bfcad6", "mtime": 1572569669000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:54:29Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:54:29Z" } }, { "key": "UQQ74VFP", "version": 91, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/UQQ74VFP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/UQQ74VFP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McDonald and Burkhardt", "parsedDate": "2019-09", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "UQQ74VFP", "version": 91, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Library-Authored Web Content and the Need for Content Strategy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Courtney", "lastName": "McDonald" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Heidi", "lastName": "Burkhardt" } ], "abstractNote": "Increasingly sophisticated content management systems (CMS) allow librarians to publish content via the web and within the private domain of institutional learning management systems. \"Libraries as publishers\" may bring to mind roles in scholarly communication and open scholarship, but the authors argue that libraries' self-publishing dates to the first \"pathfinder\" handout and continues today via commonly used, feature-rich applications such as WordPress, Drupal, LibGuides, and Canvas. Although this technology can reduce costly development overhead, it also poses significant challenges. These tools can inadvertently be used to create more noise than signal, potentially alienating the very audiences we hope to reach. No CMS can, by itself, address the fact that authoring, editing, and publishing quality content is both a situated expertise and a significant, ongoing demand on staff time. This article will review library use of CMS applications, outline challenges inherent in their use, and discuss the advantages of embracing content strategy.", "publicationTitle": "Information Technology and Libraries (Online); Chicago", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Sep 2019", "volume": "38", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "8-21", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://search.proquest.com/lisa/docview/2296008381/FABB9BAB0B944AC3PQ/7", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:53:25Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "ProQuest", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2019. This work is published under https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Authoring", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Content management software", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Content management systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Integrated library systems-ILS", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Internet resources", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Learning management systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Librarians", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Library And Information Sciences", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Scholarly communication", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Self publishing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Web sites", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z66Q4Q9G" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:53:25Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:53:25Z" } }, { "key": "XVQU39SB", "version": 89, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/XVQU39SB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/XVQU39SB", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/L6B3BIRK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "XVQU39SB", "version": 89, "parentItem": "L6B3BIRK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:52:39Z", "url": "https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/EL-11-2012-0115/full/html", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "html.html", "md5": "74cfa6071a01103df1066807a2d3d9e4", "mtime": 1572569559000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:52:39Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:52:39Z" } }, { "key": "L6B3BIRK", "version": 88, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/L6B3BIRK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/L6B3BIRK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wijayaratne and Singh", "parsedDate": "2015-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "L6B3BIRK", "version": 88, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Developing an academic library website model, a designer’s checklist, and an evaluative instrument", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anusha Lakmini", "lastName": "Wijayaratne" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Diljit", "lastName": "Singh" } ], "abstractNote": "Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce a library website model. Further, the paper discusses a designer’s checklist and an evaluative instrument that were constructed based on the proposed model. Design/methodology/approach The model was developed through a Delphi study that was participated by two panels of experts. The researcher communicated with the panel members via e-mail using two Delphi instruments designed out of two item pools that were developed based on the knowledge gained from surveying the literature, visiting the selected libraries and exploring the library websites. Then, a designer’s checklist and an evaluative instrument were derived from the proposed model through a series of brainstorming sessions. Findings The proposed model consisted of altogether 140 items (60 web content elements and 80 web design features). The designer’s checklist comprises all 140 items, and the evaluative instrument comprises 60 content elements and 57 design features. Research limitations/implications This study has developed an academic library website model and derived two instruments based on the proposed model. Further studies are needed to customize, particularly, the web content pillar of this conceptual model, to meet the specific needs of different types of libraries including public libraries, special libraries, school libraries, etc. Practical implications The designer’s checklist and the evaluative instrument derived from the proposed model are useful tools for library professionals in designing, re-designing, maintaining and evaluating their library websites. The librarians may use these tools for both institutional and research purposes. 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We outline the results of our study on library website accessibility for screen-reader users. Based on our findings, we argue that the inaccessibility of library websites is primarily a problem of diversity rather than being merely a technical issue. The high-level implications of this problem indicate the need to adopt inclusive principles that require usability beyond accessibility for all user groups in library web design. To meet this goal, we propose an inclusive information architecture specifically focused on screen-reader access. 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Selected library websites were tested for usability and accessibility with six visually impaired persons who use screen readers. The results were analyzed in terms of accessible coding standards as well as high-level usability issues. The analysis results indicated that these library websites are not accessible for visually impaired screen reader users. The most common accessibility barriers encountered were issues of information architecture and usable Web design, rather than errors in coding. Suggestions to improve accessibility are proposed.", "publicationTitle": "Library & Information Science Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 1, 2016", "volume": "38", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "250-258", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Library & Information Science Research", "DOI": "10.1016/j.lisr.2016.08.006", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0740818816302158", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:46:55Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0740-8188", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "Z66Q4Q9G" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:46:55Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:46:55Z" } }, { "key": "T7XAXW9B", "version": 75, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/T7XAXW9B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/T7XAXW9B", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/RK7QQ2XH", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "T7XAXW9B", "version": 75, "parentItem": "RK7QQ2XH", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "EBSCO Full Text", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:46:28Z", "url": "http://content.ebscohost.com/ContentServer.asp?T=P&P=AN&K=126375800&S=R&D=llf&EbscoContent=dGJyMNLe80Seqa84zdnyOLCmr1GeqK5Ssqy4SrSWxWXS&ContentCustomer=dGJyMPGstk%2B0qbJPuePfgeyx44Dt6fIA", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Gillis - 2017 - Watch your language word choice in library websit.pdf", "md5": "eb0d78dfea791fbd67c7172792aa6f9c", "mtime": 1572569188000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:46:28Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:46:28Z" } }, { "key": "RK7QQ2XH", "version": 74, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/RK7QQ2XH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/RK7QQ2XH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gillis", "parsedDate": "2017-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RK7QQ2XH", "version": 74, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Watch your language: word choice in library website usability", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roger", "lastName": "Gillis" } ], "abstractNote": "Many academic libraries conduct extensive user studies when redesigning their websites, considering characteristics such as design features, information architecture, and link and information placement. One of the less studied aspects impacting library website usability is choice of language. This article presents the results of a usability study conducted at a small Canadian academic library that assessed the impact of word choice on user interactions with its library website. The author provides an overview of the relevant literature and explores the role that word choice, especially on a library website’s home page, can play in user experience.", "publicationTitle": "Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library & Information Practice & Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 2017", "volume": "12", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-27", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Partnership: The Canadian Journal of Library & Information Practice & Research", "DOI": "10.21083/partnership.v12i1.3918", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lxh&AN=126375800&site=ehost-live", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:46:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "19119593", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Watch your language", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Academic libraries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Information-seeking behavior", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Information-seeking behaviour", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Library websites", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "User-centered system design", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Web design", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Web development", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "library websites", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "user experience", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "website usability", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z66Q4Q9G" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:46:27Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:46:27Z" } }, { "key": "X8NQVN9J", "version": 71, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/X8NQVN9J", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/X8NQVN9J", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Swanson et al.", "parsedDate": "2017-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "X8NQVN9J", "version": 71, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Guiding choices: implementing a library website usability study", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Troy A.", "lastName": "Swanson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tish", "lastName": "Hayes" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer", "lastName": "Kolan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kelly", "lastName": "Hand" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Susan", "lastName": "Miller" } ], "abstractNote": "Purpose The purpose of this study is go better understand website usability by community college students. The usability study team sought data that would help to guide in a website redesign.Design/methodology/approach Librarians led students through sessions that followed the usability testing approach defined by Nielsen (2012) which emphasizes the ease of use of the Web interface. This study compared the results from the existing library website and a prototype website.Findings The study’s findings emphasized the need for balance between the variety of services and content that the website provides. This is especially true given that so many community college students are underprepared for college-level courses.Research limitations/implications The study was limited by available time and the clinical nature of the usability session.Practical implications The study results underscore the significant challenge facing library website designers. The various online services exist in pockets that are only partially integrated and, therefore, require students to make decisions and predictive judgments as they navigate the site.Originality/value Overall, this study emphasized the need for balance between the variety of services and content that the website provides.", "publicationTitle": "Reference Services Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 2017", "volume": "45", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "359-367", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Reference Services Review", "DOI": "10.1108/RSR-11-2016-0080", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00907324", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Guiding choices", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Academic libraries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Community college libraries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Community college students", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Electronic information resources", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Library websites", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Prototypes", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Underprepared students", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "User experience", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Website life cycle", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Website usability", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "Z66Q4Q9G" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:45:48Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:45:48Z" } }, { "key": "XAT56G9N", "version": 71, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 342934, "name": "Library Strategy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/XAT56G9N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/library_strategy/items/XAT56G9N", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/342934/items/X8NQVN9J", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1179955, "username": "dmcwo", "name": "Doug Worsham", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/dmcwo", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "XAT56G9N", "version": 71, "parentItem": "X8NQVN9J", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "EBSCO Record", "accessDate": "2019-11-01T00:45:48Z", "url": "http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=lxh&AN=125143959&site=ehost-live&scope=cite", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2019-11-01T00:45:48Z", "dateModified": "2019-11-01T00:45:48Z" } } ]