[ { "key": "FKF4U4RM", "version": 90701, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/FKF4U4RM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/FKF4U4RM", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/3X8SRTYE", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FKF4U4RM", "version": 90701, "parentItem": "3X8SRTYE", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "GolaniBenjaminiEilam93", "accessDate": "2026-07-18T01:59:59Z", "url": "https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/271031/1-s2.0-S0166432805X82602/1-s2.0-S0166432805802633/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEKH%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJIMEYCIQCULzzvWJcXdjgJ5IL7L%2F%2FqS5%2BfrqCcQSPSqKvMV3S3BgIhALpTxDurPeyC54xUJMFaCyV89JrDTptWw%2B2vAk%2Bv6nCQKrMFCGoQBRoMMDU5MDAzNTQ2ODY1IgwLOF9hDfuIJdj5QkQqkAVsJ4fSrt9oofuxMJt8WYCa37onVjOLYjqgty3nnYLhv%2B99%2Fcs%2FbBfohd0JjDBv9gbXtg7VZZbM8rBM4AvVJt6Ci9Yj3V9mIvwQY2uhALR6u9DdSL%2FT014gLUVERlyzM7pTthFHo3L6wvTxbQedQaC4vHFmbp0eo7Dyr%2BgSJZVedFKM5xWR8zscNwxi89dQ9hnAbfb%2FbmSRBysgphmnG%2BMYY20PbooR0HB7wRDlqJqmMa1mjPx3EgHCsLZnt6An7Nk3mYYbmXzEaKSCWse388o%2BitUECH4f6OUNSGC%2FEP%2BI1B8WsvHgnCLEL7pBcAfePpb8ZYk7wmzDzg4dUGx%2BhDMPh%2F1NQxytCwCrHcjx5SIPWlWUBpnLId8WWgcB5AOmS%2BPUAretTpsPfPUoNspn45QsOQzQ9WdIi2h08xXy%2BcgGJnbaRYyS1iX4GgOvSXTE4Lp7AnZx9UfKyNimq33D3ihsnUtYeifIcGkB0HGvUpCOqvdOIqACMplnKVJRvExRw28KJbNNJAsmoF0ZfqB%2F7Bki5IUzyL%2BQ7hKduyGzm%2FyEQMREdybXTTQ51mruFlKRYIWjLTGTSXx9VoRJ97Ly1xb12dghT%2BGgFEzosfdeaTon%2FHybWaJ4YvrXkdu3w1epFn%2F28g%2FIhHM5ZJET36rqeg0Af0P1t0z2PlmS9cMIfEsvSltzcOqfkT4YzW%2F8w4cTurd3sMdz0Eh6pDjEkBPKbhZzUw2r3wlazq5uUU0itKoroAvGygN1QaXaapLaRs3BTi%2F508tOylTktF8HXBJw49sxfSJG%2Fb2J%2Fwza2eyTD511pfPgjviCaoKD0QiXcsxcnkN2bvwUbt3MvwbQ6ulyZFkSuEm6qtMVHxBgPTNPDvZ9uTDwmuvSBjqwAUzkeiq25Nfz6As6RL6p5ynqpMCy3%2FUONWrajrn%2BfKTdYg%2FCg%2BBBqj%2BmAlGirYRtWCCprCMj7CcvglzCBCNyDjZeb8ZGrfMMNLJu7VdM0SCMZQzt%2F9x%2BB1O6Y7Gt9RJwOCHCxYXkhzf6AONdwvW%2BXsx9IHmNeVZWcPowSnEARBicOjYetssyeM9bpX%2BMz8EkMk0MgW4QzadEVORMnWJGoLMYua7HUlL2KBcbV2Ro260L&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20260718T015958Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTY2D6NP5OT%2F20260718%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=e068408f4d2267e0b9541ca3f6885ea0f4ea7215286968bfd959b53899645d82&hash=66f23ca9cc345af5da511ac9f2478325283b98d5a809b7753e455bcfeccb606a&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0166432805802633&tid=spdf-4d7b84ac-3872-4b40-a73b-a8420bb74f85&sid=c259c5107baeb742ff5903032bdb10183b18gxrqa&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&rh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&ua=0f16075603060b570005&rr=a1cde3dbbcd2e65f&cc=us", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "GolaniBenjaminiEilam93.pdf", "md5": "df8fc2657766f378f9ceb03e35de0ca5", "mtime": 1784339999593, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-18T01:59:59Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-18T02:00:29Z" } }, { "key": "3X8SRTYE", "version": 90697, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/3X8SRTYE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/3X8SRTYE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Golani et al.", "parsedDate": "1993-02-26", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3X8SRTYE", "version": 90697, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Stopping behavior: constraints on exploration in rats (Rattus norvegicus)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ilan", "lastName": "Golani" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yoav", "lastName": "Benjamini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Eilam" } ], "abstractNote": "In the absence of an obvious reference place, rat locomotor behavior in a novel environment appears haphazard. In previous work, one or two places termed home bases, were shown to stand out from all the other places in the environment in terms of the behaviors performed in them and in terms of their behavioral stability. We use home base location as a reference place for rat movement in locale space, by defining an excursion as a trip starting at a home base and ending at the next stop at a home base. We then establish the uniform distribution as an appropriate model for the number of stops per excursion. This way we show that there is an intrinsic upper bound on the number of times a rat stops during an excursion. As a rat leaves the home base, home base attraction increases with every additional stop performed by it, first slowly and then fast. This cumulative process of attraction may be concluded after each stop, as long as the number of stops does not exceed an intrinsic upper bound; once the upper bound is reached, the rat concludes that excursion and returns to base. The session's upper bound does not increase with the size of the explored area.", "publicationTitle": "Behavioural Brain Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1993-02-26", "volume": "53", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "21-33", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Behavioural Brain Research", "DOI": "10.1016/S0166-4328(05)80263-3", "citationKey": "GolaniBenjaminiEilam93", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166432805802633", "accessDate": "2026-07-18T01:59:50Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0166-4328", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Stopping behavior", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Exploration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Home-base", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Locomotor activity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Open field", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Spatial memory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Stopping", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Unconditioned behavior", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-18T01:59:50Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-18T01:59:52Z" } }, { "key": "HSFTR74L", "version": 90696, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/HSFTR74L", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/HSFTR74L", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/FNFAF686", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HSFTR74L", "version": 90696, "parentItem": "FNFAF686", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "SiegristEtienneBoulensEtAl03", "accessDate": "2026-07-17T06:39:22Z", "url": "https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/272524/1-s2.0-S0003347200X01133/1-s2.0-S0003347202920361/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEI7%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJIMEYCIQDU%2B9CNXGhoJSc6JXdZMGi8cBkpIZMMfgoVCdRTrpWtiAIhAIoQIrWzikjokOh3AixBw1dnYlQCcs0byvPghsx6uFuxKrMFCFcQBRoMMDU5MDAzNTQ2ODY1IgxI7KHtBX1c9LYw8VoqkAU%2F8SxptK0bphRPDNHE4PUcWDMoBhdpygT2HTYPDbZOCsRxZaBGKYG9dk4hfuNSDgJabygGrM6e4L79N%2BHclZVEU1AwDmGrHgmmrHrwWIB1tpSKrJtETN16ufU1MFVeYZ3sNSdkD1pVA8vjEsUtyr8oXMqPWCw8Nk%2FXnV3bPIS8rf%2BOHPkpJkTp8NVZ1720iB8OQ6zmsgedoaqlH7OzpRmVGcUEOMbQhRsDM5rGmL3djJ5s5iIpw2J1qKzhcyGuVd%2F1b0YNiN%2F3iV18U%2Bh9gj0jvp9F35lWC0AfFAZ96QXroNrjHZtBN3Ibnz%2F4hokuYYdhPJUWny8KPahu%2BFXfKhjEV%2B0fiWv66LPTEc%2FYBPyUyJfpW15cJwQSG0ZbbEh6sUB2VUgmAU%2FnwOC5TLyQV%2B4nwDVhM4v0PGQ%2Fw3qKgjEMkLSoVvHhmYLROIvZ4HyqVXCT7CpGDNNk8BTt8YFBdJZGdsZCcwo1ZZji0tQnEa9VpcWLEC4U3I7Owxa3lv3ZKmN8KkxCdAxbPih9jXxUrTa0fYLzwzaE9Wr4d2nHSE3FCb3tZgbnZJ71hwfQcstnBSgemEs3rdUIN0wKLoJEmnX%2FayUg57h82YQr4pAtIRB95A%2BZyiZTZxxgXFnAnK86NSwf0wu4ttkKPtFi3SyQyESXUR4jasKVxjCq%2BCyW3T%2BRB%2B6UwgcLWlLlDR19HV39IXjnYUQ5jsCFkFdDpH35IYAPt6bF3WhZ7swg5bDPcndBpcrvADoUBmrXStTq6RMlXu9%2FGtsMvLNjdHyQI9pPfU6pCYZmhXxM3JqSOm%2Fpgz2gY3d21Xi88bkDN0rpd93LUQzoCONygQvku4OkPd5%2BwaWaGmzZmGgBprHQsmp%2FevRvYzCt%2FebSBjqwAfEB9koQqH%2FvHltitkMh6ge4Tc%2BvZ%2FSv%2F5NcpGStKoPyx4M3F6Nk%2FrnjETAM%2FfkyGKWVA7pSJ6CltcuRuI9TSg2CrnJL9qgdQaa6RMU57RyowLgsYCx3ZOHNEvmQ2Hk51OeJmV%2FgclVP%2BmPLosTfDOYCq5prfGgZyI9dEnv5aUs2I%2F1aY%2Fi3Av799hZlNY11n5Cll07LTGvGjSahPTK%2FbnC%2BwZlZEH4NryX%2BAwO%2FdsrM&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20260717T063921Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYRHX56ECL%2F20260717%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=e48e20f02e8ccb1f2035b4f61b797b424dd8fdbbb0211a9e447bd60672055b89&hash=0e321b28e76a6f5a4e32df1e6aebbc8fae609200c9746c532e67c215430a1d8c&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0003347202920361&tid=spdf-97dace9a-659f-47a5-9c05-55dc0e4190ce&sid=9782bc5d37127148fc0b8383338c66ef4fe5gxrqa&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&rh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&ua=0f16075603555d020601&rr=a1c73fbfdcd4e649&cc=us", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "SiegristEtienneBoulensEtAl03.pdf", "md5": "a552e200b3e3ba562477636009f5d1ab", "mtime": 1784270362824, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-17T06:39:22Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-17T06:39:54Z" } }, { "key": "FNFAF686", "version": 90692, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/FNFAF686", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/FNFAF686", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Siegrist et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-01-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "FNFAF686", "version": 90692, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Homing by path integration in a new environment", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Claire", "lastName": "Siegrist" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ariane S", "lastName": "Etienne" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Valerie", "lastName": "Boulens" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roland", "lastName": "Maurer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tiffany", "lastName": "Rowe" } ], "abstractNote": "Path integration was tested in golden hamsters, Mesocricetus auratus, within a new environment and in darkness. From the exit of its home cage, the subject was lured over a certain distance into the experimental arena, and then startled by a sudden noise to induce instantaneous homing. The subjects in experiment 1 had previously been tested within an identical arena in another building; they started the outward journey from a peripheral nest. Upon hearing the sound, all subjects returned in the correct direction to the arena border. In experiments 2 and 3, experimentally naıve subjects started the outward trip from a central nest exit. Both groups initially oriented correctly, but only a few of subjects returned to the nest. According to computational considerations, experiment 1 required mainly the calculation of the homing direction, while experiments 2 and 3 required a homing vector. Furthermore, the experienced subjects may have been helped by their homing experience in the same type of arena, while the naıve subjects may not have ‘trusted’ self-generated vector information sufficiently to follow it to the goal in an uncharted environment. Thus, the performance, but not the computation of self-generated vector information, may depend on the animal's experience. Copyright 2003 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.", "publicationTitle": "Animal Behaviour", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2003-01-01", "volume": "65", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "185-194", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Animal Behaviour", "DOI": "10.1006/anbe.2002.2036", "citationKey": "SiegristEtienneBoulensEtAl03", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0003347202920361", "accessDate": "2026-07-17T06:39:13Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-3472", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-17T06:39:13Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-17T06:39:16Z" } }, { "key": "S3FPZHT3", "version": 90691, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/S3FPZHT3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/S3FPZHT3", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/MZDJS9JG", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "S3FPZHT3", "version": 90691, "parentItem": "MZDJS9JG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "EtienneBoulensMaurerEtAl00", "accessDate": "2026-07-17T06:09:27Z", "url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2Fs001140050766.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "EtienneBoulensMaurerEtAl00.pdf", "md5": "05f30180af23f3e3aa2cd2770a4e6775", "mtime": 1784268567804, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-17T06:09:27Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-17T06:10:02Z" } }, { "key": "MZDJS9JG", "version": 90686, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/MZDJS9JG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/MZDJS9JG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Etienne et al.", "parsedDate": "2000-12-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MZDJS9JG", "version": 90686, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A brief view of known landmarks reorientates path integration in hamsters", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. S.", "lastName": "Etienne" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "V.", "lastName": "Boulens" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Maurer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T.", "lastName": "Rowe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Siegrist" } ], "abstractNote": "In darkness, hamsters commute between their nest and a feeding site through path integration only, and therefore show cumulative errors in the return direction to the nest. We examined whether a brief presentation of familiar room cues could reset the path integrator. The hamsters could see the room cues either during, or at the end of, the outward journey to the food place, in a conflict situation where motion cues and visual information were set at variance. In both conditions, the animals used mainly visual information to return home. Thus, hamsters can determine their azimuth, and possibly their location, through a visual fix, and can reset their path integrator through the fix. This allows them to update their position during further locomotion in the dark and thus to compute a correct homing vector with respect to a visually induced reference frame. Taking episodic positional fixes may greatly enhance the functional value of path integration.", "publicationTitle": "Naturwissenschaften", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2000-12-01", "volume": "87", "issue": "11", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "494-498", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Naturwissenschaften", "DOI": "10.1007/s001140050766", "citationKey": "EtienneBoulensMaurerEtAl00", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/s001140050766", "accessDate": "2026-07-17T06:09:24Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1432-1904", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Springer Link", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Azimuth", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Conflict Situation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Path Integration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Reference Frame", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Visual Information", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-17T06:09:24Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-17T06:09:24Z" } }, { "key": "BZA72M33", "version": 90685, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/BZA72M33", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/BZA72M33", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/LNHFLQZS", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BZA72M33", "version": 90685, "parentItem": "LNHFLQZS", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "NavratilovaMcNaughton14", "accessDate": "2026-07-16T00:11:44Z", "url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007%2F978-3-7091-1292-2_8.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "NavratilovaMcNaughton14.pdf", "md5": "43e036a4a84dc609b6952bb04c3533d9", "mtime": 1784160704693, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-16T00:11:44Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-16T00:12:22Z" } }, { "key": "LNHFLQZS", "version": 90682, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/LNHFLQZS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/LNHFLQZS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Navratilova and McNaughton", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "LNHFLQZS", "version": 90682, "itemType": "bookSection", "title": "Models of path integration in the hippocampal complex", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zaneta", "lastName": "Navratilova" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bruce L.", "lastName": "McNaughton" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Dori", "lastName": "Derdikman" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "James J.", "lastName": "Knierim" } ], "abstractNote": "Path integration is the process of summing up information about direction and distance traveled, in order to keep track of one’s relative position. Path integration is hypothesized to be the basis for the formation of the “place code” the hippocampus uses to encode spatial memories. In this chapter, we discuss models of how the hippocampal system may implement path integration. First, we explain the relationship of path integration to the hippocampal system, compare path integration to other navigation strategies, and discuss evidence for its use in creating the place cell code. Then, we examine path integration models for the creation and updating of a place cell map representation. We compare two major classes of such models and discuss experimental tests of their predictions to date. Finally, we briefly discuss the role of associations between place cell activity and sensory information in resetting the path integrator systems upon visits to familiar locations and how those associations can modify the structure of the hippocampal map with experience.", "bookTitle": "Space,Time and Memory in the Hippocampal Formation", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2014", "publisher": "Springer", "place": "Vienna", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "pages": "191-224", "ISBN": "978-3-7091-1292-2", "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-7091-1292-2_8", "citationKey": "NavratilovaMcNaughton14", "url": "https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-7091-1292-2_8", "accessDate": "2026-07-16T00:11:40Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Springer Link", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Firing Rate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Head Direction", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Path Integration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Place Cell", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Place Field", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-16T00:11:40Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-16T00:11:59Z" } }, { "key": "88959CAV", "version": 90678, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/88959CAV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/88959CAV", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/KG3ZZLYT", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "88959CAV", "version": 90678, "parentItem": "KG3ZZLYT", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Maurer98", "accessDate": "2026-07-15T21:06:14Z", "url": "https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/272314/1-s2.0-S0022519300X02020/1-s2.0-S0022519385701543/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEGwaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJIMEYCIQD9%2FWgVNOM23eY2AkaqL6IL4wu7yXNeUc53tnTtw1xgwAIhAObhYl21bagyt41ck9Fp1%2B%2F56gTSwR1JNTH8C4HibQmvKrMFCDUQBRoMMDU5MDAzNTQ2ODY1IgwGOWu6Exf8KEnPPGwqkAWeAXw%2BFT2ySaB89o7l2WSt6op6v3Pgi0n046h%2FVf%2FRrHhoNVHg%2F9KVRuwo5R7%2FsmCaZDHJ6RQZcmbvL54TbZ%2Bsbn1yRrYkwWexV2Bro%2Fvomtvx0ms6LFEj0VAP1ecqQorYPkFjxcGVruZJPxCdjSsBeR2OGtq5SKdAh%2Bpiajyhwy1rMcxgft9BEGg%2BhdVDsM2vyrH7Skz3Tmz078SCGt2QOEZZXZLodOnv4%2BGwkdTx3crK230fHqZl%2Bt0dUf9N7KqzQGsrzwh%2FjpoRjqHXN6lFeSrM%2BxIhCzCxp0DJXL9UGqi8gGY2yvPEdf2jWt3RDUOXYTs48FfTK3%2FHLFyewlyQkN7R57xelFu1HdJN5k800QFElwjkMyc89PoVy%2FLDsF52QWyRJFlcLz0Qi9U3daaONsJGwBxdzcIfPvnXKZCwZwPqhpfqRrQI0W7paaeS3Hqrxcghg0apjjXRwQr39VoNHVh2dbhUUOgNRdG7%2BV9YHQEABpvwM6nyKjSR90t6DEb1b5BU8WcONvO25CmsVlVDGgB%2FOtlsniAjyrb5AQAvg2kyVf3khGT9iFBDA3YQpydDA%2FeSfmaN%2FWtA0%2FGOjt9rojAAy7r8AtUIJeH7WqU%2F3BoPDDHv%2BTqFMgvehUKof%2FsoLWPt6HpNtB6C76jMo7qSqZonCbXo%2B1rxbEYwfR5hByVfkJ82hE0PDv9z5j%2BWSPG7kmt9F8YrYwyqY9zt1w355Iar%2Bjj1%2FyNlAU2j2acuey84VqzEGFLagcKrt3c5C60JBdOnFDMeJwoyvEIShrNhpwZxEzhPxeOf4nIsQnUug7%2FPc5As6pyPBulriz%2B1YRvT1JmI51%2B%2Bz30tlFd%2BtLt%2FALJggfEFF7aTfkB0%2F45T8TDrzN%2FSBjqwAQtKrTZ04qVXyI6vrhbKAtKjj5VxpJqbs8MeoDv3kuv38U%2F7ypmkEGKs1ZwsZxZoDTDbi2hePWLw3tSXc5tsLp9iL9USvn5RORxmiwMy1FHR3%2B76b6rumwKaODyurWHPn48T3QmAtffn0XmYx3L1kQHUC1EM7ltBxm2G1zmXMCt4ProMqPZmWXJS%2BO4soRzdVID%2BjcspUY2%2B7E%2FOCtLtOhnYPxSRUEMH3T0HVN0eBQS%2B&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20260715T210613Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTYQE6LKYFU%2F20260715%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=e9b1cf35b8b14725178a5b3ce82c35830d0e5dbeb7564fecf0091e982fb239ba&hash=fabf684958342a02f76a6a05f5276246ac152e12b5102d13883efc4cf67d1b92&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0022519385701543&tid=spdf-2dc03bbe-37ba-4896-a492-07ff148a4d6e&sid=9782bc5d37127148fc0b8383338c66ef4fe5gxrqa&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&rh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&ua=0f16075602000c050701&rr=a1bbbacf980ce773&cc=us", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Maurer98.pdf", "md5": "2baeb05b794869fe68f505b7cc47115f", "mtime": 1784149574720, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-15T21:06:14Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-15T21:06:40Z" } }, { "key": "KG3ZZLYT", "version": 90677, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/KG3ZZLYT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/KG3ZZLYT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Maurer and Séguinot", "parsedDate": "1995-08-21", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KG3ZZLYT", "version": 90677, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "What is modelling for? a critical review of the models of path integration", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roland", "lastName": "Maurer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Valérie", "lastName": "Séguinot" } ], "abstractNote": "Path integration (dead reckoning) is a computational process by which an animal can keep track of its position relative to some starting point by relying on self-generated information collected en route. The purpose of this paper is two-fold: first, to review four important models of path integration, analysing how the different models have evolved as a result of the authors’ particular focus; second, to assess what they have brought to the understanding of path integration. The more specific the model, the less it will be possible to apply it to different situations; the more general its nature, the less adequately it will represent the details of the behaviour to be modelled. In this context, the paper discusses how the authors envisioned the role of homing errors. The usefulness and limits of the different perspectives is discussed, in particular how well the models fit with observations. Finally, ways of improving and developing the modelling process are proposed.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Theoretical Biology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1995-08-21", "volume": "175", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "457-475", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Theoretical Biology", "DOI": "10.1006/jtbi.1995.0154", "citationKey": "Maurer98", "url": "https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0022519385701543", "accessDate": "2026-07-15T21:06:07Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0022-5193", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "What is modelling for?", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-15T21:06:07Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-15T21:06:28Z" } }, { "key": "D8D49674", "version": 90672, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/D8D49674", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/D8D49674", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/44QN8V2R", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "D8D49674", "version": 90672, "parentItem": "44QN8V2R", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Maurer98", "accessDate": "2026-07-15T21:03:52Z", "url": "https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.3758%2FBF03330587.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Maurer98.pdf", "md5": "faa69c7a61152d78c26a01a8c48015c7", "mtime": 1784149432282, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-15T21:03:52Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-15T21:04:15Z" } }, { "key": "44QN8V2R", "version": 90668, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/44QN8V2R", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/44QN8V2R", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Maurer", "parsedDate": "1998-03-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "44QN8V2R", "version": 90668, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A connectionist model of path integration with and without a representation of distance to the starting point", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roland", "lastName": "Maurer" } ], "abstractNote": "Path integration (dead reckoning) is the process by which animals use self-generated movement information to continuously update a representation of their position relative to some starting point. This allows them to return to this point, even in the absence of exteroceptive positional information. Path integration is a bicoordinate process: Both distance and direction to (or from) the starting point have to be maintained in the representation. Recent theoretical work based on neurobiological observations seems to lead to the conclusion that, in rodents at least, path integration is map based, implying a geocentered (earthbound) coordinate system. The present paper discusses, as a word of caution, the opposite notion that path integration in an impoverished, single-coordinate egocentered (animal-bound) polar coordinate system could account for some rather puzzling behavioral data previously recorded on hamsters. This admittedly strange position hinges on observations made on connectionist models of path integration that were developed to simulate the homing behavior of hamsters.", "publicationTitle": "Psychobiology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1998-03-01", "volume": "26", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "21-35", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Psychobiology", "DOI": "10.3758/BF03330587", "citationKey": "Maurer98", "url": "https://doi.org/10.3758/BF03330587", "accessDate": "2026-07-15T21:03:49Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0889-6313", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Springer Link", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Dead Reckoning", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Head Direction Cell", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Homing Vector", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Movement Unit", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Path Integration", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-15T21:03:49Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-15T21:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "N4AJR9HP", "version": 90667, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/N4AJR9HP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/N4AJR9HP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/3CRRDEGH", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "N4AJR9HP", "version": 90667, "parentItem": "3CRRDEGH", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "EtienneJeffery04", "accessDate": "2026-07-10T18:39:17Z", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1002/hipo.10173", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "EtienneJeffery04.pdf", "md5": "6d7ba8f77e5c774b9885fccdae66c5a4", "mtime": 1783708757897, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:39:17Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:39:55Z" } }, { "key": "3CRRDEGH", "version": 90663, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/3CRRDEGH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/3CRRDEGH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Etienne and Jeffery", "parsedDate": "2004", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3CRRDEGH", "version": 90663, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Path integration in mammals", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ariane S.", "lastName": "Etienne" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kathryn J.", "lastName": "Jeffery" } ], "abstractNote": "It is often assumed that navigation implies the use, by animals, of landmarks indicating the location of the goal. However, many animals (including humans) are able to return to the starting point of a journey, or to other goal sites, by relying on self-motion cues only. This process is known as path integration, and it allows an agent to calculate a route without making use of landmarks. We review the current literature on path integration and its interaction with external, location-based cues. Special importance is given to the correlation between observable behavior and the activity pattern of particular neural cell populations that implement the internal representation of space. In mammals, the latter may well be the first high-level cognitive representation to be understood at the neural level. © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.", "publicationTitle": "Hippocampus", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2004", "volume": "14", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "180-192", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1002/hipo.10173", "citationKey": "EtienneJeffery04", "url": "https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/hipo.10173", "accessDate": "2026-07-10T18:39:15Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1098-1063", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2004 Wiley-Liss, Inc.", "extra": "_eprint: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002/hipo.10173", "tags": [ { "tag": "cognitive map", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "hippocampus", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "landmarks", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "navigation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "path integration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "self-motion cues", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:39:15Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:39:17Z" } }, { "key": "63YV7BYW", "version": 90662, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/63YV7BYW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/63YV7BYW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mittelstaedt and Mittelstaedt", "parsedDate": "1982", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "63YV7BYW", "version": 90662, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Homing by path integration", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.", "lastName": "Mittelstaedt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.-L.", "lastName": "Mittelstaedt" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Floriano", "lastName": "Papi" }, { "creatorType": "editor", "firstName": "Hans G.", "lastName": "Wallraff" } ], "abstractNote": "The paper presents experimental evidence for homing by path integration in a bird. Using a mammalian model case, the essentials of a cybernetical theory of this type of navigation are developed. As a consequence of its application to the extant data on geese, the necessary information about the translatory component of the animal’s movement along its path appears to be provided by the visual system, viz. the translatory component of the visual flow, whereas the rotatory information must (also) have non-visual sources, e.g. the semicircular canals or the magnetic field.", "proceedingsTitle": "Avian Navigation", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "Springer", "place": "Berlin, Heidelberg", "date": "1982", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "290-297", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1007/978-3-642-68616-0_29", "ISBN": "978-3-642-68616-0", "citationKey": "MittelstaedtMittelstaedt82", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Springer Link", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Path Integration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Path Segment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Release Site", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Semicircular Canal", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Translatory Component", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:33:02Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:33:32Z" } }, { "key": "AUWGP6KZ", "version": 90660, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/AUWGP6KZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/AUWGP6KZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2406800, "username": "rcoreilly", "name": "Randall C. O'Reilly", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rcoreilly", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mittelstaedt and Mittelstaedt", "parsedDate": "1980-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AUWGP6KZ", "version": 90660, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Homing by path integration in a mammal", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. L.", "lastName": "Mittelstaedt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.", "lastName": "Mittelstaedt" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Naturwissenschaften", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "January 1980", "volume": "67", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "566", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "MittelstaedtMittelstaedt80", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-04-01T06:29:02Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:26:24Z" } }, { "key": "MTH4EN3Q", "version": 90658, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/MTH4EN3Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/MTH4EN3Q", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/V8IJPZ6W", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2406800, "username": "rcoreilly", "name": "Randall C. O'Reilly", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rcoreilly", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MTH4EN3Q", "version": 90658, "parentItem": "V8IJPZ6W", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-07-10T18:06:54Z", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-026-02343-8.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Zeraati et al. - 2026 - Neural timescales from a computational perspective.pdf", "md5": "08938750f7a1a326d92cf968b5f4539a", "mtime": 1783706814226, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:06:54Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:06:54Z" } }, { "key": "V8IJPZ6W", "version": 90656, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/V8IJPZ6W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/V8IJPZ6W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2406800, "username": "rcoreilly", "name": "Randall C. O'Reilly", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rcoreilly", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Zeraati et al.", "parsedDate": "2026-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "V8IJPZ6W", "version": 90656, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Neural timescales from a computational perspective", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roxana", "lastName": "Zeraati" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anna", "lastName": "Levina" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jakob H.", "lastName": "Macke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Gao" } ], "abstractNote": "Neural activity fluctuates over a wide range of timescales within and across brain areas. Experimental observations suggest that diverse neural timescales reflect information in dynamic environments. However, the definitions and measurements of timescales derived from brain recordings vary across the literature. Moreover, these observations do not specify the mechanisms that underlie variations in timescales or whether specific timescales are necessary for neural computation and brain function. Here we synthesize three directions in which computational approaches can distill the broad set of empirical observations into quantitative and testable theories. We review (1) how different data analysis methods quantify timescales across distinct behavioral states and recording modalities; (2) how biophysical models provide mechanistic explanations for the emergence of diverse timescales; and (3) how task-performing networks and machine learning models uncover the functional relevance of neural timescales. This integrative computational perspective complements experimental investigations, providing a holistic view of how neural timescales reflect the relationships among brain structure, dynamics and behavior.", "publicationTitle": "Nature Neuroscience", "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group", "place": "", "date": "2026-07", "volume": "29", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1534-1547", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nat Neurosci", "DOI": "10.1038/s41593-026-02343-8", "citationKey": "ZeraatiLevinaMackeEtAl26", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-026-02343-8", "accessDate": "2026-07-10T18:06:52Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1546-1726", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.nature.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "2026 Springer Nature America, Inc.", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Biophysical models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Dynamical systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Machine learning", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Network models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Statistical methods", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:06:52Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:06:52Z" } }, { "key": "2HNDINN9", "version": 90654, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/2HNDINN9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/2HNDINN9", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/MVXJS9TL", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2406800, "username": "rcoreilly", "name": "Randall C. O'Reilly", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rcoreilly", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "2HNDINN9", "version": 90654, "parentItem": "MVXJS9TL", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2026-07-10T18:06:05Z", "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/biorxiv/early/2026/03/08/2026.02.16.706126.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Dorrell et al. - 2026 - An Efficient Computing Theory of Prefrontal Structured Working Memory Representations.pdf", "md5": "61b40c5c7ef64a3c20f75a8a51e9de2a", "mtime": 1783706765446, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:06:05Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:06:05Z" } }, { "key": "MVXJS9TL", "version": 90652, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/MVXJS9TL", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/MVXJS9TL", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2406800, "username": "rcoreilly", "name": "Randall C. O'Reilly", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rcoreilly", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dorrell et al.", "parsedDate": "2026-03-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MVXJS9TL", "version": 90652, "itemType": "preprint", "title": "An Efficient Computing Theory of Prefrontal Structured Working Memory Representations", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William", "lastName": "Dorrell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter E.", "lastName": "Latham" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy E. J.", "lastName": "Behrens" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James C. R.", "lastName": "Whittington" } ], "abstractNote": "The efficient coding hypothesis presents a compelling success story for theoretical and systems neu-roscience. It marshals a unifying idea, that neural codes can be understood as efficient encodings of natural stimuli, to explain phenomena from across sensory systems, sometimes with exquisite precision. However, similar normative assaults on cognitive representations, such as those in prefrontal or entorhinal cortex, have been less comprehensively successful. We argue that this reflects efficient coding’s focus on encoded variables, overlooking the computations that neural circuits implement. Here, instead, we develop an efficient computing theory that studies optimal implementations of recurrent cognitive computations. We apply this framework to the prefrontal cortex, in particular, to a rich vein of neural recordings: structured working memory tasks, such as recalling a sequence. Despite using near-identical tasks, the literature has reported two distinct coding schemes: one contextual, with neurons active only in a particular sequence, the other compositional, with neurons tuned to a single sequence element. Just as efficient coding links stimuli statistics to optimal representation, our theory relates task structure and statistics to optimal representation. In so doing, we find that compositional and contextual codes can be understood as two extremes of a spectrum of optimal representations, with the correlations amongst sequence elements determining a task’s position on this spectrum. Our theory highlights previously underappreciated discrepancies between measured representations, explaining them via subtle task differences; and allows us to infer the algorithm underlying otherwise ambiguous neural data. In sum, we demonstrate an efficient computing approach that makes normative statements about cognitive representations, and serves as a tool for understanding a swathe of neural data.", "genre": "", "repository": "bioRxiv", "archiveID": "", "place": "", "date": "2026-03-08", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.64898/2026.02.16.706126", "citationKey": "DorrellLathamBehrensEtAl26", "url": "https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.64898/2026.02.16.706126v2", "accessDate": "2026-07-10T18:05:47Z", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "bioRxiv", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2026, Posted by openRxiv. This pre-print is available under a Creative Commons License (Attribution 4.0 International), CC BY 4.0, as described at http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/", "extra": "ISSN: 2692-8205\nPages: 2026.02.16.706126\nSection: New Results", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-10T18:05:47Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-10T18:05:47Z" } }, { "key": "RGKS5ZIC", "version": 90651, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/RGKS5ZIC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/RGKS5ZIC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2406800, "username": "rcoreilly", "name": "Randall C. O'Reilly", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/rcoreilly", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hyman et al.", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RGKS5ZIC", "version": 90651, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Working memory performance correlates with prefrontal-hippocampal theta interactions but not with prefrontal neuron firing rates", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James M", "lastName": "Hyman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric A", "lastName": "Zilli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amanda M", "lastName": "Paley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael E", "lastName": "Hasselmo" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Frontiers in integrative neuroscience", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2010", "volume": "4", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-13", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "HymanZilliPaleyEtAl10", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20431726", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": { "owl:sameAs": "http://zotero.org/users/2406800/items/AA5ECEFM", "dc:replaces": "http://zotero.org/groups/340666/items/5446TMCR" }, "dateAdded": "2015-04-01T06:29:02Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-09T22:56:16Z" } }, { "key": "H8HHKPJ3", "version": 90649, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/H8HHKPJ3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/H8HHKPJ3", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/8WWMJQBK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "H8HHKPJ3", "version": 90649, "parentItem": "8WWMJQBK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "McNaughtonBattagliaJensenEtAl06", "accessDate": "2026-07-08T21:27:29Z", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn1932.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "McNaughtonBattagliaJensenEtAl06.pdf", "md5": "1e1db6824b6bf87e18178c8175b404bb", "mtime": 1783546049911, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-08T21:27:29Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-08T21:27:58Z" } }, { "key": "8WWMJQBK", "version": 90645, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/8WWMJQBK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/8WWMJQBK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McNaughton et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "8WWMJQBK", "version": 90645, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Path integration and the neural basis of the 'cognitive map'", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bruce L.", "lastName": "McNaughton" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Francesco P.", "lastName": "Battaglia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ole", "lastName": "Jensen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edvard I.", "lastName": "Moser" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "May-Britt", "lastName": "Moser" } ], "abstractNote": "Accumulating evidence indicates that the foundation of mammalian spatial orientation and learning is based on an internal network that can keep track of relative position and orientation (from an arbitrary starting point) on the basis of integration of self-motion cues derived from locomotion, vestibular activation and optic flow (path integration).Place cells in the hippocampal formation exhibit elevated activity at discrete spots in a given environment, and this spatial representation is determined primarily on the basis of which cells were active at the starting point and how far and in what direction the animal has moved since then. Environmental features become associatively bound to this intrinsic spatial framework and can serve to correct for cumulative error in the path integration process.Theoretical studies suggested that a path integration system could involve cooperative interactions (attractor dynamics) among a population of place coding neurons, the synaptic coupling of which defines a two-dimensional attractor map. These cells would communicate with an additional group of neurons, the activity of which depends on the conjunction of movement speed, location and orientation (head direction) information, allowing position on the attractor map to be updated by self-motion information.The attractor map hypothesis contains an inherent boundary problem: what happens when the animal's movements carry it beyond the boundary of the map? One solution to this problem is to make the boundaries of the map periodic by coupling neurons at each edge to those on the opposite edge, resulting in a toroidal synaptic matrix. This solution predicts that, in a sufficiently large space, place cells would exhibit a regularly spaced grid of place fields, something that has never been observed in the hippocampus proper.Recent discoveries in layer II of the medial entorhinal cortex (MEC), the main source of hippocampal afferents, indicate that these cells do have regularly spaced place fields (grid cells). In addition, cells in the deeper layers of this structure exhibit grid fields that are conjunctive for head orientation and movement speed. Pure head direction neurons are also found there. Therefore, all of the components of previous theoretical models for path integration appear in the MEC, suggesting that this network is the core of the path integration system.The scale of MEC spatial firing grids increases systematically from the dorsal to the ventral poles of this structure, in much the same way as is observed for hippocampal place cells, and we show how non-periodic hippocampal place fields could arise from the combination of inputs from entorhinal grid cells, if the inputs cover a range of spatial scales rather than a single scale. This phenomenon, in the spatial domain, is analogous to the low frequency 'beats' heard when two pure tones of slightly different frequencies are combined.The problem of how a two-dimensional synaptic matrix with periodic boundary conditions, postulated to underlie grid cell behaviour, could be self-organized in early development is addressed. Based on principles derived from Alan Turing's theory of spontaneous symmetry breaking in chemical systems, we suggest that topographically organized, grid-like patterns of neural activity might be present in the immature cortex, and that these activity patterns guide the development of the proposed periodic synaptic matrix through a mechanism involving competitive synaptic plasticity.", "publicationTitle": "Nature Reviews Neuroscience", "publisher": "Nature Publishing Group", "place": "", "date": "2006-08", "volume": "7", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "663-678", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nat Rev Neurosci", "DOI": "10.1038/nrn1932", "citationKey": "McNaughtonBattagliaJensenEtAl06", "url": "https://www.nature.com/articles/nrn1932", "accessDate": "2026-07-08T21:27:24Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1471-0048", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.nature.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "2006 Springer Nature Limited", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animal Genetics and Genomics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Behavioral Sciences", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Biological Techniques", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Biomedicine", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Neurobiology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Neurosciences", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "general", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-08T21:27:24Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-08T21:27:24Z" } }, { "key": "X9ZZVRWP", "version": 90644, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/X9ZZVRWP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/X9ZZVRWP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Nieuwenhuys et al.", "parsedDate": "1998", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X9ZZVRWP", "version": 90644, "itemType": "book", "title": "The Central Nervous System of Vertebrates", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Nieuwenhuys" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H. J.", "lastName": "ten Donkelaar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Nicholson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "2", "numberOfVolumes": "3", "edition": "", "date": "1998", "publisher": "Springer-Verlag", "place": "Berlin Heidelberg", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "3-540-56013-0", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "NieuwenhuystenDonkelaarNicholson98", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-07T14:28:40Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-07T14:35:11Z" } }, { "key": "54NEJI2D", "version": 90628, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 340666, "name": "CCNLab", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/54NEJI2D", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/ccnlab/items/54NEJI2D", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/340666/items/AEMNZQ6M", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2407002, "username": "thazy", "name": "Thomas E. Hazy, MD", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/thazy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "54NEJI2D", "version": 90628, "parentItem": "AEMNZQ6M", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "GreenMaimon18", "accessDate": "2026-07-06T22:43:27Z", "url": "https://pdf.sciencedirectassets.com/272014/1-s2.0-S0959438818X00038/1-s2.0-S0959438818300072/main.pdf?X-Amz-Security-Token=IQoJb3JpZ2luX2VjEJf%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2F%2FwEaCXVzLWVhc3QtMSJHMEUCIQCpHoenJFgzUQcJaFA2EipuNcjZP51bYokz3MFTOLpUCQIgQ9WXLUvcI84WKM3YcJzzpZhU2rr7oO9XvqKeMqqxNYgqsgUIXxAFGgwwNTkwMDM1NDY4NjUiDBvpcJsTPxFBuzmRkSqPBfPwDK5XmxODzGhp9t7Wh79jzQ97qlzbPnhrUN%2FEkQYVaWaISj4TkmxWhtaCYnhEIXIJxRHLFNn%2BWuf3PLJQ6XG6gKoV%2BrJVEfZc1Yz8H%2FWOTsX8RfgVhJxrbvJQkMyijSGFZ1m2tIxiRf1CMALp3IxdY%2BzITtJmtJWfT5mJv7TfKdCjP%2F3Kc6KQVvcKlusGeNVZ3YbwNL5yzaYhkYDwwk5ZVsnrZwjLCEk8y%2BGs7St%2Fz3Gg8Clf3IzAxJXNzG8kDYqhYXwxq%2BBguXHQSuZh%2Fnx9%2BXvT6BXgUoPZYjqzCd91sp1pM6F9TgIwYyu7jjr6ycO0lHPBS9b5Van9Md9keBuE%2Btu2DhRWtBpKjvFH9xr%2F%2FaU8cCHMSwMSzuhAxVSi%2BODfpteEhMlihNVoYj4sgiQyBKaKmtWXGxQEuYnztDByZ7BdeDVzJoluHNZ1y8akc4vm7NhwcbC0MIVP1NKWja2TxNpNTp5ICBdHWywhP6rRHwylS2LoVeBMpICQGXujQuvU87BxZ3XtYi%2F9dtv5IbhoPR615mmWfKbDtJj4B8xxcPnnh9jz%2BzziVCsi%2B4zzcfPVFsJ6D6OwXgweC4uz99ubgD3PPAa5JzZYDrvBsyTXqezXOAO%2F4YQUw2IwpMnpy9YT7xJNZL7xaBypkge%2F6NLmx%2FQRW6L2dKJpb2DNY8S%2FZJ2UGkWIxuaFlRRX6ghI6Uyt2wkF0pjmBWjZF42BubtqjQpO1pXEu%2FTLybnUaf2LavU%2FhwCePLmHYXeR4IRcjxAHOZbXKa41PcotwWMi46nt2oVrEdTsCwlpJ2HZGW%2FuLlCDliq8nu8qzmRp8n3DFVW633j060Jblax9em74HpiAyphuubfJPbru2tl9tiIw78%2Bw0gY6sQFeSC%2FP1wUSdXmXO21Q8kfSTVwu7g057IEsHjo37bM%2FlnZKDtxjU2tfsDvgHWTv8BvU%2FQBXlwChUbE9uvJLZ6tJ1Bhmhfxd451O%2BmRJoFEnMYavgwp8Aj75iji7TvH3aVYrG9Fazl10dxd%2F9hWBLBiexm%2F0ViUeqFFiBiNNdgOE4H34xnBe%2BwlTGeXcd%2ByXfgXlgdjMBlXagWaczICwL179EiSQxOOEvVdj4VOIiUxtysI%3D&X-Amz-Algorithm=AWS4-HMAC-SHA256&X-Amz-Date=20260706T224324Z&X-Amz-SignedHeaders=host&X-Amz-Expires=300&X-Amz-Credential=ASIAQ3PHCVTY7O2RLNR4%2F20260706%2Fus-east-1%2Fs3%2Faws4_request&X-Amz-Signature=28c1360d4af5e3ff2c190ee5da7b80b25c0744e88bddc037174adf5f8e202b08&hash=5d715c3d13df57cf368db09732945ac521435a8a340b067cfa64827f84c0141c&host=68042c943591013ac2b2430a89b270f6af2c76d8dfd086a07176afe7c76c2c61&pii=S0959438818300072&tid=spdf-8a3aca4f-86e0-4965-9147-d2b8f97097e7&sid=3d8641a05906174e913b9a64e7fd8fc63f76gxrqa&type=client&tsoh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&rh=d3d3LnNjaWVuY2VkaXJlY3QuY29t&ua=0f16075657505c540701&rr=a17220cf9c978467&cc=us", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "GreenMaimon18.pdf", "md5": "62454d8a3e6ed5b5e0f0c1768149e7a3", "mtime": 1783377806972, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2026-07-06T22:43:27Z", "dateModified": "2026-07-06T22:43:54Z" } } ]