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            "note": "<p>000. Mostly about the big-picture structural changes at the BL, with emphasis on moving away from micofilm to digitization as a preservation format. Deals little with handling print newspapers.</p>",
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            "note": "<p>006.001.\"Though comparatively expensive, newspaper bindings offer no guarantee at all of the physical preservation of the contents. [¶] Moreover, the binding of newspapers could be described as 'unnatural,' given that dailies are produced as separate sheets and their assembly is rarely justifiable except as a deterrent to theft. It is not clear however, how effective a deterrent it is. Given the great fragility of the paper used, it is by no means rare for larger or smaller portions of sheets to be removed (either deliberately or accidentally). [¶] Regarding the binding of newspapers, the only advantage (protection against theft) is of negligible importance, and numerous disadvantages persuade us that the practice of binding newspapers should be discontinued as soon as possible\" (6).</p>",
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            "note": "<p>006.002.\"In the case of microfilm, the situation is reversed and the pros greatly outweigh the cons. This is primarily because the process offers an alternative to direct consultation of the fragile original, whose large format exposes it to serious risk every time a page is turned\" (6).</p>",
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            "note": "<p>005.002.\"[I]t would make no sense--and would indeed constitute and authentic act of historical falsification--to demand that a few copies of each daily newspaper be printed on durable paper for preservation purposes (5).</p>",
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                    "lastName": "Federici"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Examines the preservation of newspapers in Italian libraries. Because newspapers were intended to be read immediately and discarded, the materials used are not conducive to preservation. Traditionally, Italian libraries have stored newspapers like other library material. Few copies of newspaper press runs are preserved, and binding and microfilming are the two methods usually used. The author suggests that binding is not an acceptable preservation method and urges discontinuation of the practice. He describes the aims and objectives of the Italian Newspaper Library. By law, copies of all newspapers published in Italy must be deposited with the two national central libraries. Rather than serving purely as repositories, they are also charged with dissemination of information. Four fundamental principles are outlined for the Library, including the maximum physical preservation of original material, storage of collections outside the two national central libraries, reproduction of newspapers in other formats that can be easily copied, and the distribution of copies for research and study to other libraries.",
            "publicationTitle": "The Abbey newsletter",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "2001 Jun",
            "volume": "25",
            "issue": "1",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "5-6",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
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            "DOI": "",
            "citationKey": "",
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            "ISSN": "",
            "archive": "AATA",
            "archiveLocation": "2006-9228 and 40-3562",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "English",
            "libraryCatalog": "Getty Conservation Institute",
            "callNumber": "20061001",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "",
            "tags": [
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                    "tag": "Italy"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "access"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "archive repositories"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "collections care"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "guidelines"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "libraries (buildings)"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "microfilming"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "newspapers"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "preventive conservation"
                },
                {
                    "tag": "storage"
                }
            ],
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            "note": "<p>019.002.\"It is therefore historically evident that a dry microclimate is conducive to the preservation of materials possessing little inherent durability. Similar conclusions have also been drawn by scientific studies demonstrating the crucial importance of high levels of humidity in the accelerated aging of paper. Water also plays a key role in the chemical reactions of cellulose deterioration, the kinetics of which are far slower in the absence of humidity\" (19).</p>",
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            "note": "<p>019.001.\"[T]he oldest library material, namely papyrus, whose composition differs little from that of newspapers (being slightly inferior, if anything) can be preserved satisfactorily in a microclimate characterized by very low levels of relative humidity (e.g., in the desert). After being transferred to the British Museum (and hence to an environment of appreciably greater humidity), the same papyrus materials fell victim to irreversible deterioration\" (19).</p>",
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            "note": "<p>019.003.Discusses various experimental techniques for preserving newsprint, including special containers made from a polyethylene, aluminum and polyester composite, vacuum packing, and the use of dry nitrogen tanks and nitorgen as a menas of disinfesting cultural heritage materials.</p>",
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            "title": "Planning Guidelines for an Italian Newspaper Library: Part 2",
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Carlo",
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            "publicationTitle": "The Abbey Newsletter",
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            "callNumber": "655.705",
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            "note": "<p>007.006.\"[I]n the case of extreme embrittlement and degradation, an envelope of Mylar-S clear plastic is made using a double coated tape as the binding agent\" (7).</p>",
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