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"", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-09-17T12:55:10Z", "dateModified": "2015-09-17T12:55:21Z" } }, { "key": "5S24GFDN", "version": 51, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/5S24GFDN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/5S24GFDN", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/77G2S4KI", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "5S24GFDN", "version": 51, "parentItem": "77G2S4KI", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-09-17T12:33:35Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25692915", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-09-17T12:33:35Z", "dateModified": "2015-09-17T12:33:35Z" } }, { "key": "77G2S4KI", "version": 51, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/77G2S4KI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/77G2S4KI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network et al.", "parsedDate": "2015-03-26", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "77G2S4KI", "version": 51, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab for diabetic macular edema", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Diabetic Retinopathy Clinical Research Network" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John A.", "lastName": "Wells" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adam R.", "lastName": "Glassman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Allison R.", "lastName": "Ayala" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lee M.", "lastName": "Jampol" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lloyd Paul", "lastName": "Aiello" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrew N.", "lastName": "Antoszyk" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bambi", "lastName": "Arnold-Bush" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carl W.", "lastName": "Baker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Neil M.", "lastName": "Bressler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David J.", "lastName": "Browning" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael J.", "lastName": "Elman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frederick L.", "lastName": "Ferris" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Scott M.", "lastName": "Friedman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michele", "lastName": "Melia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dante J.", "lastName": "Pieramici" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer K.", "lastName": "Sun" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roy W.", "lastName": "Beck" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: The relative efficacy and safety of intravitreous aflibercept, bevacizumab, and ranibizumab in the treatment of diabetic macular edema are unknown.\nMETHODS: At 89 clinical sites, we randomly assigned 660 adults (mean age, 61±10 years) with diabetic macular edema involving the macular center to receive intravitreous aflibercept at a dose of 2.0 mg (224 participants), bevacizumab at a dose of 1.25 mg (218 participants), or ranibizumab at a dose of 0.3 mg (218 participants). The study drugs were administered as often as every 4 weeks, according to a protocol-specified algorithm. The primary outcome was the mean change in visual acuity at 1 year.\nRESULTS: From baseline to 1 year, the mean visual-acuity letter score (range, 0 to 100, with higher scores indicating better visual acuity; a score of 85 is approximately 20/20) improved by 13.3 with aflibercept, by 9.7 with bevacizumab, and by 11.2 with ranibizumab. Although the improvement was greater with aflibercept than with the other two drugs (P<0.001 for aflibercept vs. bevacizumab and P=0.03 for aflibercept vs. ranibizumab), it was not clinically meaningful, because the difference was driven by the eyes with worse visual acuity at baseline (P<0.001 for interaction). When the initial visual-acuity letter score was 78 to 69 (equivalent to approximately 20/32 to 20/40) (51% of participants), the mean improvement was 8.0 with aflibercept, 7.5 with bevacizumab, and 8.3 with ranibizumab (P>0.50 for each pairwise comparison). When the initial letter score was less than 69 (approximately 20/50 or worse), the mean improvement was 18.9 with aflibercept, 11.8 with bevacizumab, and 14.2 with ranibizumab (P<0.001 for aflibercept vs. bevacizumab, P=0.003 for aflibercept vs. ranibizumab, and P=0.21 for ranibizumab vs. bevacizumab). There were no significant differences among the study groups in the rates of serious adverse events (P=0.40), hospitalization (P=0.51), death (P=0.72), or major cardiovascular events (P=0.56).\nCONCLUSIONS: Intravitreous aflibercept, bevacizumab, or ranibizumab improved vision in eyes with center-involved diabetic macular edema, but the relative effect depended on baseline visual acuity. When the initial visual-acuity loss was mild, there were no apparent differences, on average, among study groups. At worse levels of initial visual acuity, aflibercept was more effective at improving vision. (Funded by the National Institutes of Health; ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01627249.).", "publicationTitle": "The New England Journal of Medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar 26, 2015", "volume": "372", "issue": "13", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1193-1203", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "N. Engl. J. Med.", "DOI": "10.1056/NEJMoa1414264", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1533-4406", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25692915\nPMCID: PMC4422053", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Angiogenesis Inhibitors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetic Retinopathy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Double-Blind Method", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Intravitreal Injections", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Macular Edema", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Recombinant Fusion Proteins", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Retina", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Therapeutic Equivalency", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Visual Acuity", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-09-17T12:33:35Z", "dateModified": "2015-09-17T12:33:35Z" } }, { "key": "FHCRRNR2", "version": 50, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/FHCRRNR2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/FHCRRNR2", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/XSTD9WGX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "FHCRRNR2", "version": 50, "parentItem": "XSTD9WGX", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-05-08T09:08:54Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25342124", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-08T09:08:54Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-08T09:08:54Z" } }, { "key": "XSTD9WGX", "version": 50, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/XSTD9WGX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/XSTD9WGX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Virgili et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "XSTD9WGX", "version": 50, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor for diabetic macular oedema", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gianni", "lastName": "Virgili" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mariacristina", "lastName": "Parravano" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Francesca", "lastName": "Menchini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer R.", "lastName": "Evans" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Diabetic macular oedema (DMO) is a common complication of diabetic retinopathy. Although grid or focal laser photocoagulation has been shown to reduce the risk of visual loss in DMO, or clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO), vision is rarely improved. Antiangiogenic therapy with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) modalities is used to try to improve vision in people with DMO.\nOBJECTIVES: To investigate the effects in preserving and improving vision and acceptability, including the safety, compliance with therapy and quality of life, of antiangiogenic therapy with anti-VEGF modalities for the treatment of DMO.\nSEARCH METHODS: We searched CENTRAL (which contains the Cochrane Eyes and Vision Group Trials Register) (2014, Issue 3), Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid MEDLINE In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citations, Ovid MEDLINE Daily, Ovid OLDMEDLINE (January 1946 to April 2014), EMBASE (January 1980 to April 2014), Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature Database (LILACS) (January 1982 to April 2014), the metaRegister of Controlled Trials (mRCT) (www.controlled-trials.com), ClinicalTrials.gov (www.clinicaltrials.gov) and the World Health Organization (WHO) International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) (www.who.int/ictrp/search/en). We did not use any date or language restrictions in the electronic searches for trials. We last searched the electronic databases on 28 April 2014.\nSELECTION CRITERIA: We included randomised controlled trials (RCTs) comparing any antiangiogenic drugs with an anti-VEGF mechanism of action versus another treatment, sham treatment or no treatment in people with DMO.\nDATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: We used standard methodological procedures expected by The Cochrane Collaboration. The risk ratios (RR) for visual loss and visual gain of three or more lines of logMAR visual acuity were estimated at one year of follow-up (plus or minus six months) after treatment initiation.\nMAIN RESULTS: Eighteen studies provided data on four comparisons of interest in this review. Participants in the trials had central DMO and moderate vision loss.Compared with grid laser photocoagulation, people treated with antiangiogenic therapy were more likely to gain 3 or more lines of vision at one year (RR 3.6, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.7 to 4.8, 10 studies, 1333 cases, high quality evidence) and less likely to lose 3 or more lines of vision (RR 0.11, 95% CI 0.05 to 0.24, 7 studies, 1086 cases, high quality evidence). In meta-analyses, no significant subgroup difference was demonstrated between bevacizumab, ranibizumab and aflibercept for the two primary outcomes, but there was little power to detect a difference. The quality of the evidence was judged to be high, because the effect was large, precisely measured and did not vary across studies, although some studies were at high or unclear risk of bias for one or more domains. Regarding absolute benefit, we estimated that 8 out of 100 participants with DMO may gain 3 or more lines of visual acuity using photocoagulation whereas 28 would do so with antiangiogenic therapy, meaning that 100 participants need to be treated with antiangiogenic therapy to allow 20 more people (95% CI 13 to 29) to markedly improve their vision after one year. People treated with anti-VEGF on average had 1.6 lines better vision (95% CI 1.4 to 1.8) after one year compared to laser photocoagulation (9 studies, 1292 cases, high quality evidence). To achieve this result, seven to nine injections were delivered in the first year and three or four in the second, in larger studies adopting either as needed regimens with monthly monitoring or fixed regimens.In other analyses antiangiogenic therapy was more effective than sham (3 studies on 497 analysed participants, high quality evidence) and ranibizumab associated with laser was more effective than laser alone (4 studies on 919 participants, high quality evidence).Ocular severe adverse events, such as endophthalmitis, were rare in the included studies. Meta-analyses conducted for all antiangiogenic drugs compared with either sham or photocoagulation did not show a significant difference regarding serious systemic adverse events (15 studies, 441 events in 2985 participants, RR 0.98, 95% CI 0.83 to 1.17), arterial thromboembolic events (14 studies, 129 events in 3034 participants, RR 0.89, 95% CI 0.63 to 1.25) and overall mortality (63 events in 3562 participants, RR 0.88, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.47). We judged the quality of the evidence on adverse effects as moderate due to partial reporting of safety data and the exclusion of participants with previous cardiovascular events in some studies.\nAUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS: There is high quality evidence that antiangiogenic drugs provide a benefit compared to current therapeutic options for DMO, that is grid laser photocoagulation, in clinical trial populations at one or two years. Future research should investigate differences between drugs, effectiveness under real-world monitoring and treatment conditions, and safety in high-risk populations, particularly regarding cardiovascular risk.", "publicationTitle": "The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "10", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "CD007419", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cochrane Database Syst Rev", "DOI": "10.1002/14651858.CD007419.pub4", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1469-493X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25342124", "tags": [ { "tag": "Angiogenesis Inhibitors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Antibodies, Monoclonal", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aptamers, Nucleotide", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetic Retinopathy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Laser Coagulation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Macular Edema", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Recombinant Fusion Proteins", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Triamcinolone", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-05-08T09:08:54Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-08T09:08:54Z" } }, { "key": "6NTDFQHI", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/6NTDFQHI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": 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"version": 48, "parentItem": "Q577BCHZ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2015-02-28T11:03:50Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20224402", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "QAT48KET", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/QAT48KET", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/QAT48KET", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/AKD9VUVX", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": 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"meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "1990-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "CPED4VV3", "version": 48, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Early vitrectomy for severe vitreous hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy. Four-year results of a randomized trial: Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study Report 5", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Six hundred sixteen eyes with recent severe diabetic vitreous hemorrhage reducing visual acuity to 5/200 or less for at least 1 month were randomly assigned to either early vitrectomy or deferral of vitrectomy for 1 year. The proportion of eyes with visual acuity of 10/20 or better was higher in the early vitrectomy group than in the deferral group throughout the 4-year follow-up period. Up to the 18-month visit, the early group had a higher proportion of eyes with visual acuity of no light perception. An increased chance of obtaining good vision with early vitrectomy was clearly present in the type I diabetes group, particularly in patients who developed severe vitreous hemorrhage after less than 20 years of diabetes, a patient group tending to have more severe proliferative retinopathy. This advantage was not found in the type II diabetes group, in which patients were older and tended to have less severe retinopathy. The findings of this and previous Diabetic Retinopathy Vitrectomy Study reports support early vitrectomy in eyes known or suspected to have very severe proliferative diabetic retinopathy as a means of increasing the chance of restoring or maintaining good vision.", "publicationTitle": "Archives of Ophthalmology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jul 1990", "volume": "108", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "958-964", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Arch. Ophthalmol.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-9950", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Early vitrectomy for severe vitreous hemorrhage in diabetic retinopathy. Four-year results of a randomized trial", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 2196036", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetic Retinopathy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Follow-Up Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Multicenter Studies as Topic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Random Allocation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Time Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Visual Acuity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vitrectomy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Vitreous Hemorrhage", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "PW7WWSMP", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/PW7WWSMP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/PW7WWSMP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Will et al.", "parsedDate": "1994-10", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "PW7WWSMP", "version": 48, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Patient adherence to guidelines for diabetes eye care: results from the diabetic eye disease follow-up study", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. C.", "lastName": "Will" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. R.", "lastName": "German" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "E.", "lastName": "Schuman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Michael" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D. M.", "lastName": "Kurth" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L.", "lastName": "Deeb" } ], "abstractNote": "Early detection and treatment of diabetic eye disease can prevent blindness, yet many persons with diabetes lack regular eye care. This study followed 569 people with diabetes participating in blindness prevention programs during 1985 through 1987; it was found that 35% of subjects received dilated eye examinations before entering the programs, in comparison with 60% afterward. About 85% of participants referred for proliferative retinopathy treatment began such treatment, and, of these, 85% completed treatment. A lack of knowledge about the disease and limited finances were primary reasons for nonadherence. To improve the effectiveness of prevention programs, eye care providers and program staff must strive to eliminate these educational and financial barriers.", "publicationTitle": "American Journal of Public Health", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Oct 1994", "volume": "84", "issue": "10", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1669-1671", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Am J Public Health", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0090-0036", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Patient adherence to guidelines for diabetes eye care", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 7943494 \nPMCID: PMC1615103", "tags": [ { "tag": "African Continental Ancestry Group", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Blindness", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetic Retinopathy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "European Continental Ancestry Group", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Follow-Up Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Guidelines as Topic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hispanic Americans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Patient Compliance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Preventive Health Services", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "United States", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "JX9XF7EB", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/JX9XF7EB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/JX9XF7EB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Trento et al.", "parsedDate": "2010-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JX9XF7EB", "version": 48, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Rethink Organization to iMprove Education and Outcomes (ROMEO): a multicenter randomized trial of lifestyle intervention by group care to manage type 2 diabetes", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marina", "lastName": "Trento" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Silvia", "lastName": "Gamba" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luigi", "lastName": "Gentile" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Giorgio", "lastName": "Grassi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Valerio", "lastName": "Miselli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gabriel", "lastName": "Morone" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Pietro", "lastName": "Passera" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Laura", "lastName": "Tonutti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marco", "lastName": "Tomalino" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Piervincenzo", "lastName": "Bondonio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Franco", "lastName": "Cavallo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Massimo", "lastName": "Porta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "ROMEO Investigators" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE: A trial was performed to establish whether our group care model for lifestyle intervention in type 2 diabetes can be exported to other clinics.\nRESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This study was a 4-year, two-armed, multicenter controlled trial in 13 hospital-based diabetes clinics in Italy (current controlled trials no. ISRCTN19509463). A total of 815 non-insulin-treated patients aged <80 years with > or =1 year known diabetes duration were randomized to either group or individual care.\nRESULTS: After 4 years, patients in group care had lower A1C, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, BMI, and serum creatinine and higher HDL cholesterol (P < 0.001, for all) than control subjects receiving individual care, despite similar pharmacological prescriptions. Health behaviors, quality of life, and knowledge of diabetes had become better in group care patients than in control subjects (P < 0.001, for all).\nCONCLUSIONS: The favorable clinical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes of group care can be reproduced in different clinical settings.", "publicationTitle": "Diabetes Care", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Apr 2010", "volume": "33", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "745-747", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Diabetes Care", "DOI": "10.2337/dc09-2024", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1935-5548", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Rethink Organization to iMprove Education and Outcomes (ROMEO)", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 20103547 \nPMCID: PMC2845019", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Aged, 80 and over", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Blood Glucose", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Life Style", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lipids", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Patient Education as Topic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Treatment Outcome", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "SD39VRIN", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/SD39VRIN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/SD39VRIN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Optometry Board of Australia", "parsedDate": "2014-11-27", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "SD39VRIN", "version": 48, "itemType": "document", "title": "2014 revised Guidelines for use of scheduled medicines", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Optometry Board of Australia" } ], "abstractNote": "At a meeting on 24 November 2014, the Optometry Board of Australia (the Board) in collaboration with the Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Ophthalmologists (RANZCO) and the Australian Society of Ophthalmologists (ASO) agreed to modify the March 2013 Guidelines for use of scheduled medicines. The Board formally approved the amended 2014 Guidelines for use of scheduled medicines (the guidelines) on 27 November Board 2014.\n\nThe amended guidelines aim to make sure that optometrists, as the providers of primary eye care, utilise clear referral pathways to support patient safety and wellbeing in the management of chronic glaucoma.", "type": "", "date": "27 November 2014", "publisher": "Optometry Board of Australia", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.optometryboard.gov.au/Policies-Codes-Guidelines/FAQ/Revised-guidelines-for-use-of-scheduled-medicines-FAQ.aspx", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "HQRAZ22J", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/HQRAZ22J", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/HQRAZ22J", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "NICE", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HQRAZ22J", "version": 48, "itemType": "document", "title": "NICE clinical guideline 85: Diagnosis and management of chronic open angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "NICE" } ], "abstractNote": "", "type": "", "date": "", "publisher": "NICE", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "I2D3ZT35", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/I2D3ZT35", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/I2D3ZT35", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Montori et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "I2D3ZT35", "version": 48, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A shared treatment decision-making approach between patients with chronic conditions and their clinicians: the case of diabetes", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Victor M.", "lastName": "Montori" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Amiram", "lastName": "Gafni" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Cathy", "lastName": "Charles" } ], "abstractNote": "In this paper, we discuss the Charles et al. approach to shared treatment decision-making (STDM) as applied to patients with chronic conditions and their clinicians. We perceive differences between the type of treatment decisions (e.g. end-of-life care, surgical treatment of cancer) that generated existing approaches of shared decision-making for acute care conditions (including the Charles et al. model) and the treatment decisions that patients with chronic conditions need to make and revisit on an ongoing basis. For instance, treatment decisions in the chronic care setting are more likely to require a more active patient role in carrying out the decision and to offer a longer window of opportunity to make decisions and to revisit and reverse them without important loss than acute care decisions. The latter may require minimal patient participation to realize, are often urgent, and may be irreversible. Given these differences, we explore the applicability of the Charles et al. model of STDM in the chronic care context, especially chronic care that relies heavily on patient self-management (e.g. diabetes). To apply the Charles et al. model in this clinical context, we suggest the need to emphasize the patient-clinician relationship as one of partners in making difficult treatment choices and to add a new component to the shared decision-making approach: the need for an ongoing partnership between the clinical team (not just the clinician) and the patient. In the last section of the paper, we explore potential healthcare system barriers to STDM in chronic care delivery. Throughout the discussion we identify areas for further research.", "publicationTitle": "Health Expectations: An International Journal of Public Participation in Health Care and Health Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar 2006", "volume": "9", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "25-36", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Health Expect", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1369-7625.2006.00359.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1369-6513", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "A shared treatment decision-making approach between patients with chronic conditions and their clinicians", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 16436159", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Patient Participation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Self Care", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "MECHGB7B", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/MECHGB7B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/MECHGB7B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Michie et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-08", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "MECHGB7B", "version": 48, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Low-income groups and behaviour change interventions: a review of intervention content, effectiveness and theoretical frameworks", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Michie" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K.", "lastName": "Jochelson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "W. A.", "lastName": "Markham" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Bridle" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Interventions to change health-related behaviours have potential to increase health inequalities.\nMETHODS: This review investigated the effectiveness of interventions targeting low-income groups to reduce smoking or increase physical activity and/or healthy eating. Of 9766 papers identified by the search strategy, 13 met the inclusion criteria. Intervention content was coded into component technique and theoretical basis, and examined as a potential source of effect heterogeneity.\nRESULTS: Interventions were heterogeneous, comprising 4-19 techniques. Nine interventions had positive effects, seven resulted in no change and one had an adverse effect. Effective interventions had a tendency to have fewer techniques than ineffective interventions, with no evidence for any technique being generally effective or ineffective. Only six studies cited theory relative to intervention development, with little information about how theory was used and no obvious association with intervention content or effect.\nCONCLUSION: This review shows that behaviour change interventions, particularly those with fewer techniques, can be effective in low-income groups, but highlights the lack of evidence to draw on in informing the design of interventions for disadvantaged groups.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Epidemiology and Community Health", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Aug 2009", "volume": "63", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "610-622", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Epidemiol Community Health", "DOI": "10.1136/jech.2008.078725", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1470-2738", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Low-income groups and behaviour change interventions", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 19386612", "tags": [ { "tag": "Behavior Therapy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Food Habits", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Health Behavior", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Health Promotion", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Models, Theoretical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Motor Activity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Risk Reduction Behavior", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Smoking Cessation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Social Class", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } }, { "key": "EJP9IV6G", "version": 48, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 331796, "name": "Eye health standards", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/331796/items/EJP9IV6G", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/eye_health_standards/items/EJP9IV6G", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1642100, "username": "lydiamakaroff", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/lydiamakaroff", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kirkman et al.", "parsedDate": "2002-11", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "EJP9IV6G", "version": 48, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Impact of a program to improve adherence to diabetes guidelines by primary care physicians", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. Sue", "lastName": "Kirkman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Susanna R.", "lastName": "Williams" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Helena H.", "lastName": "Caffrey" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David G.", "lastName": "Marrero" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVES: Previous studies have shown that primary care physician (PCP) adherence to diabetes guidelines is suboptimal. We sought to determine the state of diabetes care given by independently practicing PCPs in a rural county in Indiana and whether a multifaceted intervention targeting PCPs, patients, and the health care system would improve adherence to diabetes guidelines.\nRESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Baseline audits to assess adherence to diabetes guidelines were done on charts of the seven PCPs in the county. Audits were repeated after development of local consensus guidelines and feedback of baseline performance and after implementation of various interventions (practice aids, physician detailing, patient education sessions, and implementation of computerized individual meal planning).\nRESULTS: Before any intervention, rates of adherence to guidelines were low (15% for foot exams, 20% for HbA(1c) measurement, 23% for eye exam referrals, 33% for urine protein screening, 44% for lipid profiles, 73% for home glucose monitoring, and 78% for blood pressure measurements). One year after development of local consensus guidelines and feedback of baseline performance, significant improvements were seen in blood pressure measurements (71 vs. 83%; P = 0.002), foot exams (19 vs. 42%; P < 0.001), HbA(1c) measurements (26 vs. 37%; P = 0.012), and PCP eye exams (38 vs. 46%; P = 0.043); a trend toward improvement was seen in referral to eye specialists (25 vs. 33%; P = 0.059). After a second year of multiple interventions, only blood pressure measurements (70 vs. 92%; P < 0.001) and foot exams (22 vs. 47%; P < 0.001) remained significantly improved; all other areas returned to rates indistinguishable from baseline.\nCONCLUSIONS: In busy primary care practices lacking organizational support and computerized tracking systems, sustained improvements in diabetes care are difficult to attain using traditional physician-targeted approaches.", "publicationTitle": "Diabetes Care", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Nov 2002", "volume": "25", "issue": "11", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1946-1951", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Diabetes Care", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0149-5992", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 12401737", "tags": [ { "tag": "Blood Pressure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetes Mellitus", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Diabetic Angiopathies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "European Continental Ancestry Group", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Family Practice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hemoglobin A, Glycosylated", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Indiana", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Lipids", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Medical Audit", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Patient Compliance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Physicians, Family", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Practice Guidelines as Topic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Quality Assurance, Health Care", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Referral and Consultation", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z", "dateModified": "2015-03-19T09:53:08Z" } } ]