[ { "key": "6VQBN4PF", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/6VQBN4PF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/6VQBN4PF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Schmalensee", "parsedDate": "1981-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6VQBN4PF", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Economies of Scale and Barriers to Entry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Schmalensee" } ], "abstractNote": "Dixit has recently presented a model in which established firms select capacity to discourage entry but cannot employ threats they would not rationally execute after entry. Entry deterrence in a slight modification of this model involves the classical limit-price output. Under linear or concave demand, however, the capital cost of a firm of minimum efficient scale is an upper bound on the present value of the monopoly profit stream that can be shielded from entry. It is argued that this suggests the general unimportance of entry barriers erected by scale economies.", "publicationTitle": "The Journal of Political Economy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Dec., 1981", "volume": "89", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1228-1238", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/1837192", "accessDate": "2010-05-17T16:35:01Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00223808", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Dec., 1981 / Copyright © 1981 The University of Chicago Press", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "AK6PEQXT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/AK6PEQXT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/AK6PEQXT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Salop", "parsedDate": "1979-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AK6PEQXT", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Strategic Entry Deterrence", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Steven C.", "lastName": "Salop" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The American Economic Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May, 1979", "volume": "69", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "335-338", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/1801669", "accessDate": "2010-01-21T19:44:59Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00028282", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Issue Title: Papers and Proceedings of the Ninety-First Annual Meeting of the American Economic Association / Full publication date: May, 1979 / Copyright © 1979 American Economic Association", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "8P29DW4Z", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/8P29DW4Z", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/8P29DW4Z", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kreps and Scheinkman", "parsedDate": "1983", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8P29DW4Z", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Quantity Precommitment and Bertrand Competition Yield Cournot Outcomes", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David M.", "lastName": "Kreps" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jose A.", "lastName": "Scheinkman" } ], "abstractNote": "Bertrand's model of oligopoly, which gives perfectly competitive outcomes, assumes that: (1) there is competition over prices and (2) production follows the realization of demand. We show that both of these assumptions are required. More precisely, consider a two-stage oligopoly game where, first, there is simultaneous production, and, second, after production levels are made public, there is price competition. Under mild assumptions about demand, the unique equilibrium outcome is the Cournot outcome. This illustrates that solutions to oligopoly games depend on both the strategic variables employed and the context (game form) in which those variables are employed.", "publicationTitle": "The Bell Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Autumn, 1983", "volume": "14", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "326-337", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/3003636", "accessDate": "2010-01-11T19:27:09Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0361915X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Autumn, 1983 / Copyright © 1983 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "64TZ5VKG", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/64TZ5VKG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/64TZ5VKG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gelman and Salop", "parsedDate": "1983", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "64TZ5VKG", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Judo Economics: Capacity Limitation and Coupon Competition", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Judith R.", "lastName": "Gelman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Steven C.", "lastName": "Salop" } ], "abstractNote": "This article analyzes the effect of credible capacity limitation on the interaction between an incumbent and an entrant. The prospect of price competition deters entry by a less efficient firm with unlimited capacity. If, however, the entrant practices \"judo economics\" and limits its capacity sufficiently, it is in the incumbent's interest to accommodate entry. The entrant can increase its profits by selling rights (coupons) to its scarce discount output. If the entrant is less efficient, the incumbent will choose to serve coupon holders at the discount price. When this occurs, the entrant sells coupons, but no output, and industry production is rationalized.", "publicationTitle": "The Bell Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Autumn, 1983", "volume": "14", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "315-325", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/3003635", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:30:28Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0361915X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Judo Economics", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Autumn, 1983 / Copyright © 1983 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "8AAEMSAF", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/8AAEMSAF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/8AAEMSAF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Eaton and Lipsey", "parsedDate": "1981", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8AAEMSAF", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Capital, Commitment, and Entry Equilibrium", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B. Curtis", "lastName": "Eaton" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard G.", "lastName": "Lipsey" } ], "abstractNote": "A primary concern of recent oligopoly literature has been the use of product-specific capital to impose asymmetric market solutions, including the deterrence of entry. This article explores the surprisingly neglected topic of the correspondence between the nature of product-specific capital (PSC) and the properties of entry equilibrium. The nature of PSC determines the type of entry with which firms must be concerned (predatory entry, where the entrant replaces an existing firm, or augmenting entry, where the entrant does not), the instruments available to effect asymmetry, the ability to impose asymmetric solutions, and their profitability.", "publicationTitle": "The Bell Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Autumn, 1981", "volume": "12", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "593-604", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/3003574", "accessDate": "2010-05-17T16:24:42Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0361915X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Autumn, 1981 / Copyright © 1981 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "PM28URX6", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/PM28URX6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/PM28URX6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Eaton and Lipsey", "parsedDate": "1980", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PM28URX6", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Exit Barriers are Entry Barriers: The Durability of Capital as a Barrier to Entry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B. Curtis", "lastName": "Eaton" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard G.", "lastName": "Lipsey" } ], "abstractNote": "We argue that the effectiveness of capital as an entry barrier depends critically on its durability and that this aspect of capital has been largely ignored. We examine strategic decisions with respect to capital durability in two models. In a broad range of cases an active policy with respect to durability and replacement of capital is necessary to maintain a position of market power. Such policies will result in capital that is \"too durable\" or \"too soon replaced\" or \"too well maintained\" relative to the cost minimizing solution (for a given time path of output).", "publicationTitle": "The Bell Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Autumn, 1980", "volume": "11", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "721-729", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/3003391", "accessDate": "2010-05-17T16:16:21Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0361915X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Exit Barriers are Entry Barriers", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Autumn, 1980 / Copyright © 1980 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "HVSIHF25", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/HVSIHF25", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/HVSIHF25", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dixit", "parsedDate": "1980-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HVSIHF25", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Role of Investment in Entry-Deterrence", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Avinash", "lastName": "Dixit" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Economic Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar., 1980", "volume": "90", "issue": "357", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "95-106", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2231658", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:06:22Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00130133", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Mar., 1980 / Copyright © 1980 Royal Economic Society", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "UTPDMHTD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/UTPDMHTD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/UTPDMHTD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Deneckere and Kovenock", "parsedDate": "1996-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UTPDMHTD", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Bertrand-Edgeworth Duopoly with Unit Cost Asymmetry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Raymond J.", "lastName": "Deneckere" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dan", "lastName": "Kovenock" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper characterizes the set of Nash equilibria in a price setting duopoly in which firms have limited capacity, and in which unit costs of production up to capacity may differ. Assuming concave revenue and efficient rationing, we show that the case of different unit costs involves a tractable generalization of the methods used to analyze the case of identical costs. However, the supports of the two firms' equilibrium price distributions need no longer be connected and need not coincide. In addition, the supports of the equilibrium price distributions need no longer be continuous in the underlying parameters of the model. As an application of our characterization, we examine the Kreps-Scheinkman model of capacity choice followed by Bertrand-Edgeworth price competition and show that, unlike in the case of identical costs, Cournot equilibrium capacity levels need not arise as subgame-perfect equilibria. The low-cost firm has greater incentive to price its rival out of the market than exists under Cournot behavior.", "publicationTitle": "Economic Theory", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jun., 1996", "volume": "8", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-25", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/25054949", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:28:36Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "09382259", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Jun., 1996 / Copyright © 1996 Springer", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "6VTI4IXM", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/6VTI4IXM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/6VTI4IXM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dasgupta and Maskin", "parsedDate": "1986-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6VTI4IXM", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Existence of Equilibrium in Discontinuous Economic Games, I: Theory", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Partha", "lastName": "Dasgupta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric", "lastName": "Maskin" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Review of Economic Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan., 1986", "volume": "53", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1-26", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2297588", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:12:36Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00346527", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Existence of Equilibrium in Discontinuous Economic Games, I", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Jan., 1986 / Copyright © 1986 The Review of Economic Studies Ltd.", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "D5Q6IGPF", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/D5Q6IGPF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/D5Q6IGPF", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bulow et al.", "parsedDate": "1985-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "D5Q6IGPF", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Holding Idle Capacity to Deter Entry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeremy", "lastName": "Bulow" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Geanakoplos" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul", "lastName": "Klemperer" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Economic Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar., 1985", "volume": "95", "issue": "377", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "178-182", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2233477", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:17:36Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00130133", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Mar., 1985 / Copyright © 1985 Royal Economic Society", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "QXPWNPBN", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/QXPWNPBN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/QXPWNPBN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bergman", "parsedDate": "1995", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QXPWNPBN", "version": 1, "itemType": "report", "title": "Endogenous Stackelberg Leadership or Price Competition Under Capacity Constraint with Endogenous Entry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.A.", "lastName": "Bergman" } ], "abstractNote": "No abstract is available for\nthis item.", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Wisconsin Madison - Social Systems", "place": "", "date": "1995", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/att/wimass/9519.html", "accessDate": "2010-05-08T17:25:55Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "PRICES; COMPETITION; CORPORATIONS; GAMES; INVESTMENTS", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "GMP7VBZ2", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/GMP7VBZ2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/GMP7VBZ2", "type": "text/html" } 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M. Kelley", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "0678014671", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Barriers to New Competition", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Amazon.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "JH8TDH5R", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/JH8TDH5R", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/JH8TDH5R", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Allen et al.", "parsedDate": "2000-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JH8TDH5R", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Capacity Precommitment as a Barrier to Entry: A Bertrand-Edgeworth Approach", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Beth", "lastName": "Allen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Raymond", "lastName": "Deneckere" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tom", "lastName": "Faith" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dan", "lastName": "Kovenock" } ], "abstractNote": "With few exceptions, the literature on the role of capacity as a strategic entry deterrent has assumed Cournot competition in the post-entry game. In contrast, this paper studies a model in which the incumbent and entrant sequentially precommit to capacity levels before competing in price. Interesting deterrence effects arise because firms need time to build, that is, cannot adjust capacity instantaneously in the post-entry game. This approach produces a simple and intuitive set of equilibrium behaviors and generates clear predictions about when these different outcomes are likely to arise. Our model also departs substantially from the existing literature in concluding that sunkness of capacity costs is neither necessary nor sufficient for capacity to have precommitment value.", "publicationTitle": "Economic Theory", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May, 2000", "volume": "15", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "501-530", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/25055287", "accessDate": "2010-01-11T18:42:19Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "09382259", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Capacity Precommitment as a Barrier to Entry", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: May, 2000 / Copyright © 2000 Springer", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "GDJQBZ2X", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/GDJQBZ2X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/GDJQBZ2X", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/GMP7VBZ2", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "GDJQBZ2X", "version": 1, "parentItem": "GMP7VBZ2", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "Amazon.com Link", "accessDate": "2010-05-24T17:08:09Z", "url": "http://www.amazon.com/dp/0678014671", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "RJSA9QQG", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/RJSA9QQG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/RJSA9QQG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ware", "parsedDate": "1984-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RJSA9QQG", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sunk Costs and Strategic Commitment: A Proposed Three-Stage Equilibrium", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roger", "lastName": "Ware" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Economic Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jun., 1984", "volume": "94", "issue": "374", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "370-378", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2232356", "accessDate": "2010-01-13T21:27:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00130133", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sunk Costs and Strategic Commitment", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Jun., 1984 / Copyright © 1984 Royal Economic Society", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "E83CMP55", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/E83CMP55", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/E83CMP55", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Spence", "parsedDate": "1977", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "E83CMP55", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Entry, Capacity, Investment and Oligopolistic Pricing", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. Michael", "lastName": "Spence" } ], "abstractNote": "The paper argues that entry is deterred in an industry when existing firms have enough capacity to make a new entrant unprofitable. this capacity need not be fully utilized in the absence of entry. This can result in larger costs than are necessary,m given output levels. It also results in higher prices and lower levels of output than those implied by various forms of the limit price model. Capacity and other forms of investment are effective entry deterring variables, partly because they are irreversible and represent preemptive commitments to the industry.", "publicationTitle": "The Bell Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Autumn, 1977", "volume": "8", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "534-544", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/3003302", "accessDate": "2010-01-21T19:37:30Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0361915X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Autumn, 1977 / Copyright © 1977 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "BXHZXI5V", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/BXHZXI5V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/BXHZXI5V", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Richard E. Levitan and Martin Shubik", "parsedDate": "1970", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BXHZXI5V", "version": 1, "itemType": "report", "title": "Price Duopoly and Capacity Constraints", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Richard E. Levitan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "Martin Shubik" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Cowles Foundation, Yale University", "place": "", "date": "1970", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ideas.repec.org/p/cwl/cwldpp/287.html", "accessDate": "2010-06-14T18:07:05Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "Q8D7F5HQ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/Q8D7F5HQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/Q8D7F5HQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dixit", "parsedDate": "1979", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "Q8D7F5HQ", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A Model of Duopoly Suggesting a Theory of Entry Barriers", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Avinash", "lastName": "Dixit" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper analyzes a model of duopoly with fixed costs. Leadership by one \"established\" firm may yield an outcome in which the second is inactive, but entry prevention is not a prior constraint. We find that two aspects of product differentiation have distinct effects: an absolute advantage in demand for the established firm makes entry harder, but a lower cross-price effect facilitates it. In the basic model we maintain the same quantity after entry. An extension of the model deals with the case where the threat of a predatory output increase after entry is made credible by carrying excess capacity prior to entry.", "publicationTitle": "The Bell Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Spring, 1979", "volume": "10", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "20-32", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/3003317", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:10:47Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0361915X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Spring, 1979 / Copyright © 1979 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "HDJTX95I", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/HDJTX95I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/HDJTX95I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Davidson and Deneckere", "parsedDate": "1986", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HDJTX95I", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Long-Run Competition in Capacity, Short-Run Competition in Price, and the Cournot Model", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carl", "lastName": "Davidson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Raymond", "lastName": "Deneckere" } ], "abstractNote": "In this article we investigate the nature of equilibrium in markets in which firms choose the scale of operation before they make pricing decisions. We analyze a duopoly model in which firms choose their capacities before engaging in Bertrand-like price competition. We demonstrate hat the Cournot outcome is unlikely to emerge in such markets and that the equilibrium tends to be more competitive than the Cournot model would predict. In addition, our results indicate a tendency toward asymmetric firm sizes and price dispersion that results from the mixed strategies firms use in equilibrium.", "publicationTitle": "The RAND Journal of Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Autumn, 1986", "volume": "17", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "404-415", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2555720", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:20:01Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "07416261", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Autumn, 1986 / Copyright © 1986 The RAND Corporation", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "QUPD5SJ2", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/QUPD5SJ2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/QUPD5SJ2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dasgupta and Maskin", "parsedDate": "1986-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QUPD5SJ2", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Existence of Equilibrium in Discontinuous Economic Games, II: Applications", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Partha", "lastName": "Dasgupta" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric", "lastName": "Maskin" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Review of Economic Studies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jan., 1986", "volume": "53", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "27-41", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2297589", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:12:37Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00346527", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Existence of Equilibrium in Discontinuous Economic Games, II", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Jan., 1986 / Copyright © 1986 The Review of Economic Studies Ltd.", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "C6ET2DDW", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/C6ET2DDW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/C6ET2DDW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Basu and Singh", "parsedDate": "1990-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "C6ET2DDW", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Entry-Deterrence in Stackelberg Perfect Equilibria", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kaushik", "lastName": "Basu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nirvikar", "lastName": "Singh" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper examines entry-deterrence in a duopoly where the post-entry game is Stackelberg. It is argued that in reality firms can use a broader range of precommitments than is allowed for in the literature. This paper permits such precommitments and analyses the perfect equilibria. It also allows for the fact that there may be fixed costs associated not only with entry but with beginning production. Several interesting possibilities are explained including the existence of excess capacity and the holding of inventories even in the absence of any uncertainty.", "publicationTitle": "International Economic Review", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Feb., 1990", "volume": "31", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "61-71", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.jstor.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/stable/2526628", "accessDate": "2010-01-12T17:16:09Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "00206598", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "ArticleType: primary_article / Full publication date: Feb., 1990 / Copyright © 1990 Economics Department of the University of Pennsylvania", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "NQJ2IX47", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 32635, "name": "Entry deterrance", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/32635/items/NQJ2IX47", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/entry_deterrance/items/NQJ2IX47", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 108605, "username": "junjillo", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/junjillo", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Basu and Singh", "parsedDate": "1985", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NQJ2IX47", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Commitment and entry-deterrence in a model of duopoly", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kaushik", "lastName": "Basu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nirvikar", "lastName": "Singh" } ], "abstractNote": "It has been claimed that excess capacity can be an effective tool for deterring entry. This paper argues that excess capacity can have two dimensions and to recognise this is to recognise the possibility of certain new kinds of industry equilibria. Two such equilibria are illustrated: one which is a perfect equilibrium and in which entry is thwarted even in the absence of excess capacity; and the other where entry is deterred by undertaking excess production and using the threat of dumping.", "publicationTitle": "Economics Letters", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1985", "volume": "18", "issue": "2-3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "265-269", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1016/0165-1765(85)90195-8", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://0-www.sciencedirect.com.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/science/article/B6V84-45BC72T-2G/2/aa82b9b183d558f024ae056807448040", "accessDate": "2010-05-24T18:09:28Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0165-1765", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2010-12-02T14:03:51Z" } } ]