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The Usefulness of Publicly Available Budget Information in African Countries", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paolo", "lastName": "De Renzio" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rebecca", "lastName": "Simson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "Overseas Development Institute", "place": "", "date": "December 2013", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.odi.org/publications/7770-fiscal-transparency-open-budgets-public-finance", "accessDate": "2015-02-17T18:38:59Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-02-17T18:38:59Z", "dateModified": "2017-01-20T21:08:10Z" } }, { "key": "R3SV28Z3", "version": 305, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 324444, "name": "Open Fiscal Data", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_fiscal_data", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/324444/items/R3SV28Z3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_fiscal_data/items/R3SV28Z3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 30496, "username": "jwyg", "name": "Jonathan W. 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Y. Gray", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jwyg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Heald", "parsedDate": "2012-03-01", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "TFE5QBSV", "version": 305, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Why is Transparency about Public Expenditure So Elusive?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Heald" } ], "abstractNote": "Fiscal transparency is fundamentally important but difficult to achieve. The conceptualization of transparency has to be more sophisticated than current rhetoric implies. Analytical tools relating to the generic concept of transparency can be applied to public expenditure. Achieving transparency about public expenditure presents challenges that require explicit strategies in the context of what can be very different sets of local conditions. This article identifies the specific meaning of transparency about public expenditure, defined in terms of the four directions of transparency: inwards, outwards, upwards and downwards. It identifies barriers to the effective transparency of public expenditure, characterizing these as intrinsic or constructed. Tackling these barriers, especially those constructed by policy actors, constitutes a route towards more effective transparency, not only about public expenditure itself but about surrogates for it. It is not just quantity that matters: different varieties of transparency will have differential effects on the achievement of public policy objectives. How transparency mechanisms are structured will therefore shape their impact on public policy – on efficiency, on equity and on democratic accountability.\nPoints for practitioners Public expenditure transparency is fundamentally important, but elusive. The difficulty stems from technical complexities and from the political process. Governments that genuinely wish to improve public expenditure transparency must address intrinsic barriers (such as low public understanding of budgeting numbers and their relationship to national accounts) and desist from building constructed barriers (such as misleading spinned numbers and substituting surrogates for direct public expenditure). It is not just the quantity of transparency that matters: different varieties of transparency will have differential effects on the achievement of public policy objectives. How transparency mechanisms are structured will shape their impact on public policy – on efficiency, on equity and on democratic accountability.", "publicationTitle": "International Review of Administrative Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2012-03-01", "volume": "78", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "30-49", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "International Review of Administrative Sciences", "DOI": "10.1177/0020852311429931", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ras.sagepub.com/content/78/1/30", "accessDate": "2015-02-21T12:38:58Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0020-8523, 1461-7226", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "ras.sagepub.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "barriers to transparency", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "directions of transparency", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "fiscal transparency", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "good governance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "public accountability", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "public expenditure management", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "varieties of transparency", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-02-21T12:38:58Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-15T10:45:16Z" } }, { "key": "N4248BT2", "version": 303, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 324444, "name": "Open Fiscal Data", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_fiscal_data", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/324444/items/N4248BT2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_fiscal_data/items/N4248BT2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 30496, "username": "jwyg", "name": "Jonathan W. Y. Gray", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jwyg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Philips and Stewart", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 2 }, "data": { "key": "N4248BT2", "version": 303, "itemType": "report", "title": "Fiscal Transparency: Global Norms, Domestic Laws, and the Politics of Budgets", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lisa", "lastName": "Philips" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Miranda", "lastName": "Stewart" } ], "abstractNote": "Since the early 1990s the issue of fiscal transparency has attracted increasing attention from international institutions, governments, and NGO's concerned with budgets and fiscal policy reform. This Article offers a critical analysis of the meaning and purposes of fiscal transparency in light of developing international norms. It is argued that fiscal transparency norms as they are currently promulgated generally focus on fiscal discipline and on providing information to establish credibility for financial markets, investors and aid donors. These aspects of transparency are important but tend to ignore the political nature of budgeting in domestic and international contexts. We find that fiscal transparency norms thus far have done less to enable distributive justice and democratic participation in budget decision making. As such, the 'best practices' which currently dominate this field will be of limited help in generating the political consensus needed to ensure equitable development.", "reportNumber": "ID 1555890", "reportType": "SSRN Scholarly Paper", "institution": "Social Science Research Network", "place": "Rochester, NY", "date": "2009", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://papers.ssrn.com/abstract=1555890", "accessDate": "2015-03-02T16:30:28Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Fiscal Transparency", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "papers.ssrn.com", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Budgeting", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Democracy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "development", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "distributive justice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "economic policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "fiscal policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "governance", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "international tax", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "soft law", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "taxation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "transnational norms", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "transparency", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2015-03-02T16:30:28Z", "dateModified": "2015-05-13T11:44:25Z" } }, { "key": "8G8KKNMM", "version": 302, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 324444, "name": "Open Fiscal Data", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_fiscal_data", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/324444/items/8G8KKNMM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_fiscal_data/items/8G8KKNMM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 30496, "username": "jwyg", "name": "Jonathan W. 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