[ { "key": "Q345IJ52", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 31831, "name": "Chinatown", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/31831/items/Q345IJ52", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown/items/Q345IJ52", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 353266, "username": "Bonnie Kaserman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bonnie_kaserman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Anderson", "parsedDate": "1988", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "Q345IJ52", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Cultural hegemony and the race-definition process in Chinatown, Vancouver: 1880 - 1980", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K J", "lastName": "Anderson" } ], "abstractNote": "The study of systems of racial classification is not well developed in the social sciences. Within the liberal tradition of race relations research, race has more often been taken for granted than made an object of explanation itself. Marxist analysts, on the other hand, have tended to treat race, like other ideologies, as derivative of more decisive economic pressures under capitalism. Neither of these 'idealist' or materialist' perspectives gives sufficient recognition to the contribution which ideological formulations about 'race' have made to the structuring of the society and space of Western countries. That challenge is taken up in this paper and the history of the race-definition process in Vancouver, British Columbia, is examined. Attention is paid to the social construction of the racial category, 'Chinese', which persisted in white European culture for a century, from 1880 to 1980. It is demonstrated how the racial category is structured at the local level through the nexus known as 'Chinatown', and legitimized through the institutional practices of the three levels of the Canadian government. In reconstructing the historically evolving relationship between racial discourse, place, and government policy in one setting, the workings of one of the most influential of socially based hegemonies are uncovered.", "publicationTitle": "Environment and Planning D: Society and Space", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1988", "volume": "6", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "127 – 149", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1068/d060127", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.envplan.com/abstract.cgi?id=d060127", "accessDate": "2010-11-20T01:20:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Cultural hegemony and the race-definition process in Chinatown, Vancouver", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Pion Journals", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-11-20T01:20:29Z", "dateModified": "2010-11-20T01:20:29Z" } }, { "key": "MUVBAURT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 31831, "name": "Chinatown", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/31831/items/MUVBAURT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown/items/MUVBAURT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 353266, "username": "Bonnie Kaserman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bonnie_kaserman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Duncan and Duncan", "parsedDate": "1988", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MUVBAURT", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "(Re)reading the landscape", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Duncan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N.", "lastName": "Duncan" } ], "abstractNote": "Insights from literary theory are applied to the analysis of landscapes. It is suggested that the concepts of textuality, intertextuality, and reader reception may be of importance to those interested in the notion that landscapes are read in much the same way as literary texts. It is further suggested that landscapes can be seen as texts which are transformations of ideologies into a concrete form. This is an important way in which ideologies become naturalized. What is lacking in the radically relativistic theoretical perspective of much of twentieth-century literary theory, however, is a consideration of the sociohistorical and political processes through which meaning is produced and transformed. Examples of the relation between texts and landscapes from several different types of societies are then offered.", "publicationTitle": "Environment and Planning D: Society and Space", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1988", "volume": "6", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "117 – 126", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1068/d060117", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.envplan.com/abstract.cgi?id=d060117", "accessDate": "2010-11-20T01:18:54Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Pion Journals", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-11-20T01:19:24Z", "dateModified": "2010-11-20T01:19:24Z" } }, { "key": "8AAIPTZI", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 31831, "name": "Chinatown", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/31831/items/8AAIPTZI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown/items/8AAIPTZI", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/31831/items/2TZJSKVC", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 353266, "username": "Bonnie Kaserman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bonnie_kaserman", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "8AAIPTZI", "version": 1, "parentItem": "2TZJSKVC", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "j.1467-8306.1987.tb00182.x", "accessDate": "2010-11-20T01:16:29Z", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00182.x", "note": "", "contentType": "", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-11-20T01:16:29Z", "dateModified": "2010-11-20T01:16:29Z" } }, { "key": "2TZJSKVC", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 31831, "name": "Chinatown", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/31831/items/2TZJSKVC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/chinatown/items/2TZJSKVC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 353266, "username": "Bonnie Kaserman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bonnie_kaserman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Anderson", "parsedDate": "1987", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2TZJSKVC", "version": 1, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Idea of Chinatown: The Power of Place and Institutional Practice in the Making of a Racial Category", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kay J.", "lastName": "Anderson" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract Racial categories are cultural ascriptions whose construction and transmission cannot be taken for granted. I focus here on the process by which racial categories are themselves constructed; in particular, I examine the presence of place and the role of state in the making of one such category, the “Chinese,” in a British settler society from the 1880s to the 1920s. I argue that “Chinatown,” like race, is an idea that belongs to the “white” European cultural tradition. The significance of government is that it has granted legitimacy to the ideas of Chinese and Chinatown, inscribing social definitions of identity and place in institutional practice and space. Indeed Chinatown has been a critical nexus through which the race definition process was structured. I examine this process in Vancouver, British Columbia, where the municipal authorities of the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries sanctioned the intellectual milieu of race. They did this, I argue, as part of the historical exercise of white European cultural domination. In short, I wish to uncover the dynamic between place, racial discourse, power, and institutional practice by way of contributing to the recent rediscovery of place in human geography.", "publicationTitle": "Annals of the Association of American Geographers", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1987", "volume": "77", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "580-598", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00182.x", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8306.1987.tb00182.x", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1467-8306", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "cultural hegemony" }, { "tag": "ideology" }, { "tag": "place" }, { "tag": "race" }, { "tag": "racial classification" }, { "tag": "representation" }, { "tag": "state" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2010-11-20T01:16:28Z", "dateModified": "2010-11-20T01:16:28Z" } } ]