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Greenstone is a suite of software for building and distributing digital library collections. It provides a new way of organizing information and publishing it on the Internet or on CD-ROM.

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T18:43:04Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T18:43:04Z" } }, { "key": "CXJRANMT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/CXJRANMT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/CXJRANMT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/TMAEAJZ7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CXJRANMT", "version": 1, "parentItem": "TMAEAJZ7", "itemType": "note", "note": "An OpenCourseWare site...\n\n * is a free and open digital publication of high quality educational materials, organized as courses.\n * is available for use and adaptation under an open license.\n * does not typically provide certification or access to instructors.", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T18:42:27Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T18:42:27Z" } }, { "key": "TMAEAJZ7", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/TMAEAJZ7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/TMAEAJZ7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "TMAEAJZ7", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Use - OpenCourseWare Consortium", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ocwconsortium.org/use/use-dynamic.html", "accessDate": "2009-05-05T01:51:56Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T18:42:27Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T18:42:27Z" } }, { "key": "H2VKQZPP", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/H2VKQZPP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/H2VKQZPP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/P4NC3F4W", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "H2VKQZPP", "version": 1, "parentItem": "P4NC3F4W", "itemType": "note", "note": "

An OpenCourseWare site... * is a free and open digital publication of high quality educational materials, organized as courses. * is available for use and adaptation under an open license. * does not typically provide certification or access to instructors.

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:33:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:33:07Z" } }, { "key": "P4NC3F4W", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/P4NC3F4W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/P4NC3F4W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "P4NC3F4W", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Use - OpenCourseWare Consortium", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ocwconsortium.org/use/use-dynamic.html", "accessDate": "2009-05-05T01:52:47Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:33:07Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:33:07Z" } }, { "key": "DN34ZPDQ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/DN34ZPDQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/DN34ZPDQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DN34ZPDQ", "version": 1, "parentItem": "8ZFDU2WA", "itemType": "note", "note": "the development of a virtual university requires \"expensive, long-term, institution-wide commitment\", as well as significant and ongoing investment in human resources and technology.", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "XJI9AM86", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/XJI9AM86", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/XJI9AM86", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "XJI9AM86", "version": 1, "parentItem": "8ZFDU2WA", "itemType": "note", "note": "

online course enrolment numbers grew from 110 in 1994 to almost 87,000 by 2002.

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "8ZFDU2WA", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 6 }, "data": { "key": "8ZFDU2WA", "version": 1, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "UNESCO Virtual University", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.unesco.org/iiep/virtualuniversity/home.php", "accessDate": "2009-05-05T02:16:59Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "KPK2GSA5", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/KPK2GSA5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/KPK2GSA5", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KPK2GSA5", "version": 1, "parentItem": "8ZFDU2WA", "itemType": "note", "note": "With each person or institution who makes this commitment -- and with each effort to further articulate our vision -- we move closer to a world of open, flexible and effective education for all.\nDocument Actions\n\n * Send this\n * Print this\n\nThere are currently 2012 signatories to the Declaration", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "TV6WZPIT", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/TV6WZPIT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/TV6WZPIT", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TV6WZPIT", "version": 1, "parentItem": "8ZFDU2WA", "itemType": "note", "note": "the co-operation that is the heart of the consortium has been found to accelerate the production of content and improve the quality of the support to students. And co-operation among the teaching staff involved has resulted in an important transfer of skills and an exchange of experience.\n\nNetVarsity has developed over 300 courses for an annual enrolment of about 100,000. Course design and development is undertaken by a 'factory' of 400 persons, 100 of which are instructional designers. The curriculum is oriented towards learner comfort and ease of learning, at the learner's pace and convenience.", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "X7C6NA6C", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/X7C6NA6C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/X7C6NA6C", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X7C6NA6C", "version": 1, "parentItem": "8ZFDU2WA", "itemType": "note", "note": "the commodification of knowledge, and a more consumer-oriented attitude in the university\n\nonline course enrolment numbers grew from 110 in 1994 to almost 87,000 by 2002.", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "C6IVTPTD", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/C6IVTPTD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/C6IVTPTD", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/8ZFDU2WA", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "C6IVTPTD", "version": 1, "parentItem": "8ZFDU2WA", "itemType": "note", "note": "

NetVarsity has developed over 300 courses for an annual enrolment of about 100,000. Course design and development is undertaken by a 'factory' of 400 persons, 100 of which are instructional designers. The curriculum is oriented towards learner comfort and ease of learning, at the learner's pace and convenience.

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:32:59Z" } }, { "key": "AMAGNTAZ", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/AMAGNTAZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/AMAGNTAZ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/2RSMETDM", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AMAGNTAZ", "version": 1, "parentItem": "2RSMETDM", "itemType": "note", "note": "

These resources include openly licensed course materials, lesson plans, textbooks, games, software and other materials that support teaching and learning. They contribute to making education more accessible

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2011-04-07T17:26:01Z", "dateModified": "2011-04-07T17:26:01Z" } }, { "key": "EMZ9FAD9", "version": 1, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 314, "name": "Open Education", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/EMZ9FAD9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/open_education/items/EMZ9FAD9", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/314/items/2RSMETDM", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 11817, "username": "brylie", "name": "Brylie Christopher Oxley", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/brylie", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "EMZ9FAD9", "version": 1, "parentItem": "2RSMETDM", "itemType": "note", "note": "

everyone should have the freedom to use, customize, improve and redistribute educational resources without constraint.

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educators are creating a world where each and every person on earth can access and contribute to the sum of all human knowledge. They are also planting the seeds of a new pedagogy where educators and learners create, shape and evolve knowledge together, deepening their skills and understanding as they go.

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    \n
  1. Educators and learners: First, we encourage educators and learners to actively participate in the emerging open education movement. Participating includes: creating, using, adapting and improving open educational resources; embracing educational practices built around collaboration, discovery and the creation of knowledge; and inviting peers and colleagues to get involved. Creating and using open resources should be considered integral to education and should be supported and rewarded accordingly.
    2. \n
  2. Open educational resources: Second, we call on educators, authors, publishers and institutions to release their resources openly. These open educational resources should be freely shared through open licences which facilitate use, revision, translation, improvement and sharing by anyone. Resources should be published in formats that facilitate both use and editing, and that accommodate a diversity of technical platforms. Whenever possible, they should also be available in formats that are accessible to people with disabilities and people who do not yet have access to the Internet.
    3. \n
  3. Open education policy: Third, governments, school boards, colleges and universities should make open education a high priority. Ideally, taxpayer-funded educational resources should be open educational resources. Accreditation and adoption processes should give preference to open educational resources. Educational resource repositories should actively include and highlight open educational resources within their collections.
    4. \n
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These strategies represent more than just the right thing to do. They constitute a wise investment in teaching and learning for the 21st century. They will make it possible to redirect funds from expensive textbooks towards better learning. They will help teachers excel in their work and provide new opportunities for visibility and global impact. They will accelerate innovation in teaching. They will give more control over learning to the learners themselves. These are strategies that make sense for everyone.

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open education is not limited to just open educational resources. It also draws upon open technologies that facilitate collaborative, flexible learning and the open sharing of teaching practices that empower educators to benefit from the best ideas of their colleagues. It may also grow to include new approaches to assessment, accreditation and collaborative learning. Understanding and embracing innovations like these is critical to the long term vision of this movement.

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OA is entirely compatible with peer review, and all the major OA initiatives for scientific and scholarly literature insist on its importance. Just as authors of journal articles donate their labor, so do most journal editors and referees participating in peer review.

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