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Throughout the article, Carter emphasizes that teachers should require graphic novels into their curriculum because of the wide range of topics that could be critically analyzed. Carter mentions coming of age novels, minority novels, characters that are relatable to students. He encourages that the many lenses used in literary works can also be used in graphic novels and how it is even better because along with literary words, literary images are included to enhance the criticism students could provide. This source is useful to the extent that analyzes various comics to portray the many lenses available in graphic novels. As a serious source, it is useful to study graphic novels to explain why visually criticizing a work could be more effective than just literary criticizing it.

", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T21:42:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T21:42:44Z" } }, { "key": "D6ZX6VQZ", "version": 555, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305642, "name": "ENGL386F14", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/engl386f14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305642/items/D6ZX6VQZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/engl386f14/items/D6ZX6VQZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2195555, "username": "nritu7", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nritu7", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Carter", "parsedDate": "2007-11-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "D6ZX6VQZ", "version": 555, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Transforming English with Graphic Novels: Moving toward Our \"Optimus Prime\"", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James Bucky", "lastName": "Carter" } ], "abstractNote": "James Bucky Carter argues for the transformative potential of graphic novels in the English classroom. He advises teachers to be actively aware of the newer and lesser-known graphic novels and suggests approaches for examining the complex social issues the novels address.", "publicationTitle": "The English Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 1, 2007", "volume": "97", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "49-53", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The English Journal", "DOI": "10.2307/30046788", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/30046788", "accessDate": "2014-12-02T09:29:54Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0013-8274", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Transforming English with Graphic Novels", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2007 National Council of Teachers of English", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "naz" }, { "tag": "optimus" }, { "tag": "transformers" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, 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2001", "volume": "", "issue": "86", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "19", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "The Threepenny Review", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.jstor.org/stable/4385047", "accessDate": "2014-12-02T11:01:35Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0275-1410", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "JSTOR", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2001 Threepenny Review", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "COMICS" }, { "tag": "cartoonist" }, { "tag": "drawing" }, { "tag": "marvel" }, { "tag": "naz" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-02T20:22:08Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T21:40:27Z" } }, { "key": "2ZJFH4MX", "version": 552, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305642, "name": "ENGL386F14", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/engl386f14", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": 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The article starts by explaining that the Japanese reading rate has decreased throughout the years however the rate for reading Manga's have not decreased at all. Studies show that the reason why Japanese college prefer reading manga are simple; to pass the time or they like reading the novels. This is significant because the students treat the Manga's as their go to for entertainment and further if read critically Manga's offer critical thinking for students. This source is important because it explains the culture of Manga and the attachment it has on students whom can critically learn from it in an academic setting.  

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Tabachnic argues graphic novels provide not only with the use of visual images but also the portrayal of expression through words that indicate sound. He argues that graphic novels is the modern key to keeping students entertained in literary work as literary books lose interest among students. This source is important because if the possibility of literary novels lack in interest in the modern age then graphic novels would be the next cause of action to teach students literary works. This source also establishes that graphic novels adapted into movies increase the popularity of the readings within the graphic novel world. This source provides significant reasons why graphic novels should be included into the English department teachings.  

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