[ { "key": "H6QCKZRJ", "version": 31, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/H6QCKZRJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/H6QCKZRJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sarzynski", "parsedDate": "2009", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "H6QCKZRJ", "version": 31, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The impact of solar incentive programs in ten states", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrea", "lastName": "Sarzynski" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "George Washington Institute of Public Policy, Washington, DC", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2009", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-20T18:54:16Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-20T18:54:16Z" } }, { "key": "W438HGKC", "version": 30, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/W438HGKC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/W438HGKC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mendelsohn et al.", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "W438HGKC", "version": 30, "itemType": "document", "title": "Impact of Financial Structure on the Cost of Solar Energy - NREL/TP-6A20-53086", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Mendelsohn" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Kreycik" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L.", "lastName": "Bird" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Schwabe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K.", "lastName": "Cory" } ], "abstractNote": "To stimulate investment in renewable energy generation projects, the federal government developed a series of support structures that reduce taxes for eligible investors--the investment tax credit, the production tax credit, and accelerated depreciation. The nature of these tax incentives often requires an outside investor and a complex financial arrangement to allocate risk and reward among the parties. These financial arrangements are generally categorized as 'advanced financial structures.' Among renewable energy technologies, advanced financial structures were first widely deployed by the wind industry and are now being explored by the solar industry to support significant scale-up in project development. This report describes four of the most prevalent financial structures used by the renewable sector and evaluates the impact of financial structure on energy costs for utility-scale solar projects that use photovoltaic and concentrating solar power technologies. Technical Report.", "type": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory NREL, Golden, CO; Sponsoring Organization: USDOE Office of Solar Energy Technologies Program", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "Primo", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Cost", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cost Estimation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Energy Accounting", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Financial Data", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "National Government", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Severance Tax", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar Energydepreciation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar Industry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tax Credits", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Taxes", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-19T22:09:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-19T22:09:13Z" } }, { "key": "UB3IQ5SG", "version": 29, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/UB3IQ5SG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/UB3IQ5SG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Navigant Consulting and Solar Energy Research & Education Foundation", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UB3IQ5SG", "version": 29, "itemType": "book", "title": "Economic impacts of extending federal solar tax credits final report", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Inc", "lastName": "Navigant Consulting" }, { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Solar Energy Research & Education Foundation" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2008", "publisher": "Navigant Consulting, Inc", "place": "Burlington, MA", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "79", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "Primo", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Energy tax credits United States.", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-19T22:04:16Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-19T22:04:16Z" } }, { "key": "6N6VSPXN", "version": 28, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/6N6VSPXN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/6N6VSPXN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dusonchet and Telaretti", "parsedDate": "2010-08", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6N6VSPXN", "version": 28, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Economic analysis of different supporting policies for the production of electrical energy by solar photovoltaics in eastern European Union countries", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luigi", "lastName": "Dusonchet" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Enrico", "lastName": "Telaretti" } ], "abstractNote": "Today, photovoltaic (PV) attracts considerable interest in relation to renewable energy technologies, because of its potential to contribute significantly to the future of renewable energy. However, PV market development is related strongly to the support policies introduced by national governments, defined in national laws. The modification or fading out of such incentive schemes can strongly influence the development of the PV market in any given country. In this paper, after a brief review of national support policies in PV technology in eastern European Union (EU) countries, the authors perform an economic analysis of the main support mechanisms that are implemented in these countries. The comparative analysis is based on the calculation of the cash flow, the Net Present Value (NPV) and the Internal Rate of Return (IRR) indices. The analysis shows that in some situations, support policies can be inconvenient for the owner of the PV system and that, in many cases, the differences between the implementation of the same support policy in different countries, can give rise to significantly different results.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "August 2010", "volume": "38", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "4011-4020", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2010.03.025", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421510001886", "accessDate": "2014-11-18T17:01:25Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Economic Analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PV systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Supporting policies", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-18T17:01:25Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-18T17:01:25Z" } }, { "key": "BX4Q3ZNH", "version": 27, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/BX4Q3ZNH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/BX4Q3ZNH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wiser et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-07", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BX4Q3ZNH", "version": 27, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Supporting solar power in renewables portfolio standards: Experience from the United States", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ryan", "lastName": "Wiser" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Galen", "lastName": "Barbose" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Edward", "lastName": "Holt" } ], "abstractNote": "Renewables portfolio standards (RPS) have become an increasingly popular option for encouraging the deployment of renewable electricity. It is a relatively new policy mechanism, however, and experience with its use is only beginning to emerge. One key concern is whether RPS policies offer adequate support to a wide range of renewable energy technologies and applications or whether, alternatively, they will favor a small number of the currently least-cost forms of renewable energy. This article documents the design of and early experience with state-level RPS programs in the United States that have been specifically tailored to encourage a wider diversity of renewable energy technologies, and solar energy in particular. As shown here, state-level RPS programs specifically designed to support solar have already proven to be an important driver for solar energy deployment, and those impacts are projected to build in the coming years. State experience in supporting solar energy with RPS programs is mixed, however, and full compliance with existing requirements has not been achieved. The comparative experiences described herein highlight the opportunities and challenges of applying an RPS to specifically support solar energy, as well as the importance of policy design details to ensuring that program goals are achieved.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 2011", "volume": "39", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3894-3905", "series": "Special Section: Renewable energy policy and development", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2010.11.025", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421510008499", "accessDate": "2014-11-18T15:33:44Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Supporting solar power in renewables portfolio standards", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Renewables portfolio standards", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Resource diversity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-18T15:33:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-18T15:33:44Z" } }, { "key": "HM4E2EGM", "version": 26, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/HM4E2EGM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/HM4E2EGM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Marcantonini and Ellerman", "parsedDate": "2014-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "HM4E2EGM", "version": 26, "itemType": "report", "title": "The Implicit Carbon Price of Renewable Energy. Incentives in Germany", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Claudio", "lastName": "Marcantonini" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. Denny", "lastName": "Ellerman" } ], "abstractNote": "Incentives for the development of renewable energy have increasingly become an instrument of climate policy, that is, as a means to reduce GHG emissions. This research analyzes the German experience in promoting renewable energy over the past decade to identify the ex-post cost of reducing CO2 emissions in the power sector through the promotion of renewable energy, specifically, wind and solar. A carbon surcharge and an implicit carbon price due to the renewable energy incentives for the years 2006-2010 are calculated. The carbon surcharge is the ratio of the net cost of the renewable energy over the CO2 emission reductions resulting from actual renewable energy injections. The net cost is the sum of the costs and cost savings due to these injections into the electric power system. The implicit carbon price is the sum of the carbon surcharge and the EUA price and it can be seen as a measure of the CO2 abatement efficiency of the renewable energy incentives. Results show that both the carbon surcharge and he implicit carbon price of wind are relatively low, on the order of tens of euro per tonne of O2, while the same measures for solar are very high, on the order of hundreds of euro per tonne of CO2.", "reportNumber": "2014/28", "reportType": "RSCAS Working Paper", "institution": "European University Institute", "place": "", "date": "2014/03", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://econpapers.repec.org/paper/rscrsceui/2014_2f28.htm", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T23:49:57Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "RePEc - Econpapers", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "EU ETS", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Renewables incentives", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "abatement cost", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "wind energy", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T23:49:57Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T23:49:57Z" } }, { "key": "F9ARQ6DN", "version": 25, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/F9ARQ6DN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/F9ARQ6DN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bakhtyar et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-07", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "F9ARQ6DN", "version": 25, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Estimating the CO2 abatement cost: Substitute Price of Avoiding CO2 Emission (SPAE) by Renewable Energy׳s Feed in Tariff in selected countries", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B.", "lastName": "Bakhtyar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Y.", "lastName": "Ibrahim" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A.", "lastName": "Alghoul" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N.", "lastName": "Aziz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Fudholi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K.", "lastName": "Sopian" } ], "abstractNote": "Many renewable energy policies are looking into new incentives to absorb investments by targeting abating CO2 emission and fixing energy price fluctuation. Feed in Tariff (FIT) is a policy for rebating the amount of generated renewable electricity to investor. FIT is also defined as a CO2 mitigation policy in electricity generation from renewable sources. This paper presents a cost benefit survey that estimates the real produced carbon dioxide for electricity generation in selected countries. This study introduces the substitute price of avoiding CO2 emission as an indicator. The new indicator shows how much is paid for avoiding CO2 by each selected countries through the FIT policy for renewable technologies. The amount calculated for solar energy is taken as a case in this paper. The result confirms that the FIT policy reasonably works for solar energy in absorbing investment. However the FIT policy claims a large portion of liquidity compared with other approaches. Hence makes this mechanism inept as a CO2 mitigation policy.", "publicationTitle": "Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 2014", "volume": "35", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "205-210", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews", "DOI": "10.1016/j.rser.2014.04.016", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032114002433", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T23:22:19Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1364-0321", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Estimating the CO2 abatement cost", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "CO2 mitigation policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Carbon emission", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Feed in Tariff (FIT)", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Renewable energy policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T23:22:19Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T23:22:19Z" } }, { "key": "64TXJPG3", "version": 24, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/64TXJPG3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/64TXJPG3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lüthi", "parsedDate": "2010-06", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "64TXJPG3", "version": 24, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effective deployment of photovoltaics in the Mediterranean countries: Balancing policy risk and return", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Lüthi" } ], "abstractNote": "Although the Mediterranean region is blessed with abundant solar resources, photovoltaic energy currently represents a very small share of power production. In Germany however, a much less sunny country, the photovoltaic (PV) industry is booming. This country has become a front runner in the adoption of PV because of effective policy incentives. Based on a cross-case study analysis of the German, Spanish and Greek PV markets, this paper investigates factors determining the effectiveness of PV policies. Our analysis shows that, above a certain level of return, risk-related factors (such as policy instability and administrative hurdles) play a more important role in influencing investment decisions than return-related factors (such as the level of a feed-in tariff).", "publicationTitle": "Solar Energy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "June 2010", "volume": "84", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1059-1071", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Solar Energy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.solener.2010.03.014", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X10001180", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T23:18:15Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0038-092X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Effective deployment of photovoltaics in the Mediterranean countries", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Feed-in tariffs", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PV systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Policy effectiveness", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Policy risk", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Support policies", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T23:18:15Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T23:18:15Z" } }, { "key": "3HAS58QQ", "version": 23, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/3HAS58QQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/3HAS58QQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wiser et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-01-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "3HAS58QQ", "version": 23, "itemType": "report", "title": "Letting the Sun Shine on Solar Costs: An Empirical Investigation of Photovoltaic Cost Trends in California", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Wiser" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Bolinger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Cappers" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Margolis" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "LBNL-59282; NREL/TP-620-39300", "reportType": "", "institution": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), Golden, CO.", "place": "", "date": "2006/01/01", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.osti.gov/scitech/biblio/876557", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T23:14:31Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Letting the Sun Shine on Solar Costs", "language": "English", "libraryCatalog": "www.osti.gov", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Market", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Photovoltaics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy technologies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "and utilization", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "california", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "california energy commission", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "california public utilities commission", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "cec", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "consumption", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "cpuc", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "design", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "economies of scale", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "energy analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "energy conservation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "grid-connected solar photovoltaic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "public utilities", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pv", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "pv market", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "rebates", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "solar energy analysis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "state incentives", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "sun", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T23:14:31Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T23:14:31Z" } }, { "key": "QC2F5EV2", "version": 22, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/QC2F5EV2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/QC2F5EV2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Chandrasekar and Kandpal", "parsedDate": "2004-08-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QC2F5EV2", "version": 22, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A preliminary evaluation of financial incentives for renewable energy technologies in India", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B.", "lastName": "Chandrasekar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T. C.", "lastName": "Kandpal" } ], "abstractNote": "The Government of India has been providing various financial incentives including capital subsidy, interest subsidy and depreciation related income tax benefits with the objective of promoting development and dissemination of renewable energy technologies in the country. These financial incentives have, however, changed from time to time in their type, magnitude, scope and even geographical coverage. In some cases, the state governments have also been providing additional incentives. It is therefore, necessary to undertake a detailed evaluation and comparison of different financial incentives provided for dissemination of renewable energy technologies in India (provided in the past as well as the existing incentives) to facilitate a comprehensive grasp of these measures for future planning. An attempt in this direction has been made in this paper. Simple mathematical expressions have been derived to facilitate comparison among some of the commonly provided financial incentives. Results of some exemplifying calculations for three solar energy systems have been presented and briefly discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "publicationTitle": "International Journal of Energy Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "August 1, 2004", "volume": "28", "issue": "10", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "931-939", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Int. J. Energy Res.", "DOI": "10.1002/er.1010", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/er.1010/abstract", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T22:57:16Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1099-114X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "capital subsidy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "depreciation related tax benefits", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "low interest loan", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T22:57:16Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T22:57:16Z" } }, { "key": "PCJNWX3W", "version": 21, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/PCJNWX3W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/PCJNWX3W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Chandrasekar and Kandpal", "parsedDate": "2005-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PCJNWX3W", "version": 21, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effect of financial and fiscal incentives on the effective capital cost of solar energy technologies to the user", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B.", "lastName": "Chandrasekar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tara. C.", "lastName": "Kandpal" } ], "abstractNote": "Development and dissemination of solar energy technologies in India has been aided by a variety of policy and support measures. One of the promotional measures is the provision of financial and fiscal incentives such as capital subsidy, low interest loan and accelerated depreciation related income tax benefits to the users on the purchase of solar energy technologies. In this study an attempt has been made to determine the effective capital cost of solar energy technologies to the user with the provision of financial and/or fiscal incentives. Results of exemplifying calculations for a domestic and an industrial solar water heating system, a solar home lighting system and a solar drying system have been presented and discussed.", "publicationTitle": "Solar Energy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 2005", "volume": "78", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "147-156", "series": "ISES Solar World Congress 2003", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Solar Energy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.solener.2004.05.003", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0038092X04001045", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T22:46:45Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0038-092X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Effective capital cost", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Financial and fiscal incentives", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy technologies", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T22:46:45Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T22:46:45Z" } }, { "key": "B3XB4M38", "version": 20, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/B3XB4M38", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/B3XB4M38", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jiang and Zhu", "parsedDate": "2012-07-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "B3XB4M38", "version": 20, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Impact of Incentives and System Efficiency on the Life Cycle Cost of Photovoltaic Systems", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Aiyin", "lastName": "Jiang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yimin", "lastName": "Zhu" } ], "abstractNote": "The solar photovoltaic (PV) market has experienced unprecedented growth over the past decade. Europe leads the PV market while the US lags behind. While the feed-in tariff (FIT) mechanism, a performance-based solar energy incentive scheme, is popular in Europe, the US has been devising capacity-based incentive programs. A capacity-based incentive scheme includes tax credits, state and local rebate programs, and even property tax credits. It helps in reducing the large, upfront cost which is considered as one of the barriers of quickly deploying solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in the US and in some high solar resource states. The other concern is the aggregate unit price which is a measure in evaluating the investment of solar PV systems. The study applies the life cycle cost analysis method to analyze the feasibility and affordability of deploying residential PV systems in the United States, especially Florida. It helps potential users to determine the most economical PV system, in terms of upfront cost and aggregate unit cost, based on household income, incentive rebate programs, and the efficiency of the PV system. This research explores the impact of economic and technical factors on the affordability and feasibility of grid-connected solar PV systems.", "publicationTitle": "International Journal of Construction Education and Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 1, 2012", "volume": "8", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "204-222", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1080/15578771.2011.615892", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15578771.2011.615892", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T22:20:35Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1557-8771", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Taylor and Francis+NEJM", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T22:20:35Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T22:20:35Z" } }, { "key": "BZV6PK8M", "version": 19, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/BZV6PK8M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/BZV6PK8M", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gastli and Charabi", "parsedDate": "2011-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BZV6PK8M", "version": 19, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Solar water heating initiative in Oman energy saving and carbon credits", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Adel", "lastName": "Gastli" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Yassine", "lastName": "Charabi" } ], "abstractNote": "By the virtue of its position astride the tropic of cancer, Oman has an important potential of solar energy. Despite these important resources the uses of this renewable energy was limited to few and simple utilization as public lighting or park meter. Recently, the renewable energy sector in Oman is considered as a national priority to supply the future energy demand. This paper investigates the potential of solar water heater application in Oman through a preliminary case study in the Seeb district. The RETScreen Clean Energy Project Analysis Software is an advanced mathematical model to evaluate the energy production and savings costs, emission reductions, financial viability and risk for various types of Renewable-energy and Energy-efficient Technologies. This preliminary study shows that this renewable energy technology has eco-environmental benefits to Oman. The dissemination of the solar water heaters in Oman requires necessarily the contribution of the Government in order to make them. Instead of paying subsidies for the electricity consumed by electric water heaters, the Government can invest in sharing half of the capital cost. The clean development mechanism could help to foster the diffusion of the SWHs in Oman by providing certified emission reduction incentives to the Government.", "publicationTitle": "Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2011", "volume": "15", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1851-1856", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews", "DOI": "10.1016/j.rser.2010.12.015", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032110004508", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T21:51:27Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1364-0321", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "CDM", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Oman", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Renewable Energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Seeb", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar water heater", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T21:51:27Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T21:51:27Z" } }, { "key": "44HSRH92", "version": 18, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/44HSRH92", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/44HSRH92", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "44HSRH92", "version": 18, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Breaking the cycle: Producer and consumer perspectives on the non-adoption of passive solar housing in the US", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421508000037", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T21:31:44Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T21:31:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T21:31:44Z" } }, { "key": "WTUXWN8F", "version": 17, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/WTUXWN8F", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/WTUXWN8F", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bazen and Brown", "parsedDate": "2009-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "WTUXWN8F", "version": 17, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Feasibility of solar technology (photovoltaic) adoption: A case study on Tennessee's poultry industry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ernest F.", "lastName": "Bazen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthew A.", "lastName": "Brown" } ], "abstractNote": "The advantages and limitations of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems for energy generation are reviewed under various physical efficiency limits and financial assistance programs. Recent increases in utility and fuel costs in poultry production as well as public awareness of and demand for green power or renewable energy sources have given renewed interest in alternative energy sources. This study seeks to investigate the impact of alternative energy programs, grants and other incentives on the feasibility of solar PV systems in several solar regions within Tennessee's poultry industry. Preliminary results show that incentives exceeding current levels before adoption of solar PV systems would be financially beneficial.", "publicationTitle": "Renewable Energy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "March 2009", "volume": "34", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "748-754", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Renewable Energy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.renene.2008.04.003", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148108001742", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T19:30:22Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0960-1481", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Feasibility of solar technology (photovoltaic) adoption", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Green power", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Photovoltaic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Poultry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T19:30:22Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T19:30:22Z" } }, { "key": "CVWE64D5", "version": 16, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/CVWE64D5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/CVWE64D5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Fthenakis et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CVWE64D5", "version": 16, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The technical, geographical, and economic feasibility for solar energy to supply the energy needs of the US", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Vasilis", "lastName": "Fthenakis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James E.", "lastName": "Mason" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ken", "lastName": "Zweibel" } ], "abstractNote": "So far, solar energy has been viewed as only a minor contributor in the energy mixture of the US due to cost and intermittency constraints. However, recent drastic cost reductions in the production of photovoltaics (PV) pave the way for enabling this technology to become cost competitive with fossil fuel energy generation. We show that with the right incentives, cost competitiveness with grid prices in the US (e.g., 6–10 US¢/kWh) can be attained by 2020. The intermittency problem is solved by integrating PV with compressed air energy storage (CAES) and by extending the thermal storage capability in concentrated solar power (CSP). We used hourly load data for the entire US and 45-year solar irradiation data from the southwest region of the US, to simulate the CAES storage requirements, under worst weather conditions. Based on expected improvements of established, commercially available PV, CSP, and CAES technologies, we show that solar energy has the technical, geographical, and economic potential to supply 69% of the total electricity needs and 35% of the total (electricity and fuel) energy needs of the US by 2050. When we extend our scenario to 2100, solar energy supplies over 90%, and together with other renewables, 100% of the total US energy demand with a corresponding 92% reduction in energy-related carbon dioxide emissions compared to the 2005 levels.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 2009", "volume": "37", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "387-399", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2008.08.011", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421508004072", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T19:29:39Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Global climate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Photovoltaics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T19:29:39Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T19:29:39Z" } }, { "key": "TC364KAM", "version": 15, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/TC364KAM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/TC364KAM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Chang et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TC364KAM", "version": 15, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Subsidy programs on diffusion of solar water heaters: Taiwan’s experience", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Keh-Chin", "lastName": "Chang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Wei-Min", "lastName": "Lin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tsong-Sheng", "lastName": "Lee" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kung-Ming", "lastName": "Chung" } ], "abstractNote": "Financial incentives are essentially one of the key factors influencing diffusion of solar water heaters in many countries. Two subsidy programs were initiated by the government of Taiwan in 1986 (1986–1991) and 2000 (2000–present), respectively. Those long-term national programs are considered to be the driving force on local market expansion. In 2008, the regional subsidy programs for solar water heaters were announced by Kaohsiung city and Kiemen county, which resulted in the growth in sales. A revised subsidy was also initiated by the government of Taiwan in 2009. The subsidy is 50% more. However, the tremendous enlargement of market size with a high-level ratio of subsidy over total installation cost might result in a negative impact on a sustainable SWH industry and long-term development of the local market, which is associated with system design and post-installation service. This paper aims to address the relative efficiency and pitfalls of those national and regional programs.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 2011", "volume": "39", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "563-567", "series": "Special Section on Offshore wind power planning, economics and environment", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2010.10.021", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S030142151000772X", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T19:24:16Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Subsidy programs on diffusion of solar water heaters", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Market", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar water heater", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Subsidy", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T19:24:16Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T19:24:16Z" } }, { "key": "QP4ZN73X", "version": 14, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/QP4ZN73X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/QP4ZN73X", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dornan", "parsedDate": "2011-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QP4ZN73X", "version": 14, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Solar-based rural electrification policy design: The Renewable Energy Service Company (RESCO) model in Fiji", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Dornan" } ], "abstractNote": "Solar photovoltaic technologies have for some time been promoted as a cost effective means of rural electrification in developing countries. However, institutional structures resulting in poor maintenance have adversely affected the sustainability of past solar projects. In Fiji, the Renewable Energy Service Company (RESCO) program is the latest attempt to promote solar-based rural electrification in a fee-for-service model, aiming to remove the high upfront capital costs associated with solar technologies and using a public–private sector partnership for maintenance. This paper assesses the program using survey and interview data. Major flaws are identified, relating to incorrect treatment of principal–agent problems, information asymmetries, motivational problems, and resourcing of government agencies. General lessons for fee-for-service solar home system models emerge, including that incentives for stakeholders must take centre stage in designing and administering such programs, and that active government support and ownership are required to make programs sustainable.", "publicationTitle": "Renewable Energy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 2011", "volume": "36", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "797-803", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Renewable Energy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.renene.2010.07.015", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960148110003393", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T19:23:18Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0960-1481", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Solar-based rural electrification policy design", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Fiji", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Rural electrification", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SHS", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Small island developing states", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar home systems", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T19:23:18Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T19:23:18Z" } }, { "key": "WSMICW57", "version": 13, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/WSMICW57", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/WSMICW57", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Muhammad-Sukki et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-12", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "WSMICW57", "version": 13, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "An evaluation of the installation of solar photovoltaic in residential houses in Malaysia: Past, present, and future", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Firdaus", "lastName": "Muhammad-Sukki" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roberto", "lastName": "Ramirez-Iniguez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Siti Hawa", "lastName": "Abu-Bakar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Scott G.", "lastName": "McMeekin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Brian G.", "lastName": "Stewart" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper examines solar energy development in Malaysia, particularly in relation to the installation of solar Photovoltaic (PV) in residential houses. It analyzes the past activities related to solar energy in Malaysia, in terms of research and developments (R&Ds), the implementations used as well as the national policies for the past 20 years which have pushed the installation of PV in the country. The Feed-In Tariff (FiT) scheme is discussed, showing comparative cost-benefit analysis between the PV installation in houses in the United Kingdom (UK) and Malaysia, and with other investment schemes available in Malaysia. To investigate the awareness of renewable energy policies and incentives, a preliminary survey of the public opinion in Malaysia has been carried out, and an evaluation of public willingness to invest in the FiT scheme by installing the PV on their houses is presented. The cost-benefit analysis shows that the proposed FiT programme is capable of generating good return on investment as compared to the one in the UK, but the return is lower than other investment tools. The survey suggests that most Malaysians are unaware of the government’s incentives and policies towards renewable energies, and are not willing to invest in the FiT scheme.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "December 2011", "volume": "39", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7975-7987", "series": "Clean Cooking Fuels and Technologies in Developing Economies", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2011.09.052", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511007415", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T16:14:47Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "An evaluation of the installation of solar photovoltaic in residential houses in Malaysia", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Feed-in tariff", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar photovoltaic", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T16:14:47Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T16:14:47Z" } }, { "key": "8SZEUETJ", "version": 12, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/8SZEUETJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/8SZEUETJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Perez et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8SZEUETJ", "version": 12, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Solar power generation in the US: Too expensive, or a bargain?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Perez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ken", "lastName": "Zweibel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas E.", "lastName": "Hoff" } ], "abstractNote": "This article identifies the combined value that solar electric power plants deliver to utilities' rate payers and society's tax payers. Benefits that are relevant to utilities and their rate payers include traditional, measures of energy and capacity. Benefits that are tangible to tax payers include environmental, fuel price mitigation, outage risk protection, and long-term economic growth components. Results for the state of New York suggest that solar electric installations deliver between 15 and 40 ¢/kWh to ratepayers and tax payers. These results provide economic justification for the existence of payment structures (often referred to as incentives) that transfer value from those who benefit from solar electric generation to those who invest in solar electric generation.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 2011", "volume": "39", "issue": "11", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "7290-7297", "series": "Asian Energy Security", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2011.08.052", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421511006495", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T15:59:10Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Solar power generation in the US", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Cost", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Value", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T15:59:10Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T15:59:10Z" } }, { "key": "KG566R82", "version": 11, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/KG566R82", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/KG566R82", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Burns and Kang", "parsedDate": "2012-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KG566R82", "version": 11, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Comparative economic analysis of supporting policies for residential solar PV in the United States: Solar Renewable Energy Credit (SREC) potential", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John Edward", "lastName": "Burns" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jin-Su", "lastName": "Kang" } ], "abstractNote": "Numerous studies and market reports suggest that the solar photovoltaic markets rely heavily, if not entirely, upon governmental support policies at present. Unlike in other countries where these policies are enacted at a national level, the 50 states in the US pursue different policies in an attempt to foster the growth of renewable energy, and specifically solar photovoltaics. This paper provides an economic and financial analysis of the US federal and state level policies in states with solar-targeted policies that have Solar Renewable Energy Credits (SREC) markets. After putting a value on SRECs, this study further compares solar carve-outs with other incentives including the federal tax credit, net metering, and state personal tax credits. Our findings show that SREC markets can certainly be strong, with New Jersey, Delaware, and Massachusetts having the most potential. Despite their strong potential as effective renewable policies, the lack of a guaranteed minimum and the uncertainty attached are major drawbacks of SREC markets. However, the leveraging of this high value offers hope that the policies will indeed stimulate residential solar photovoltaic markets.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2012", "volume": "44", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "217-225", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2012.01.045", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421512000717", "accessDate": "2014-11-17T15:33:29Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Comparative economic analysis of supporting policies for residential solar PV in the United States", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Residential solar PV", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar Renewable Energy Credit", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "US", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T15:33:29Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T15:33:29Z" } }, { "key": "AX9BBA2Q", "version": 10, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/AX9BBA2Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/AX9BBA2Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sean Ong", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AX9BBA2Q", "version": 10, "itemType": "book", "title": "Grid parity for residential photovoltaics in the United States key drivers and sensitivities : preprint", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Sean Ong" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "name": "P Denholm (Paul)" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "name": "Nathan Clark" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "name": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U. S.)" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "firstName": "Colo )", "lastName": "World Renewable Energy Forum (2012 : Denver" } ], "abstractNote": "In this report, we analyze PV break-even costs for U.S. residential customers. We evaluate some key drivers of grid parity both regionally and over time. We also examine the impact of moving from flat to time-of-use (TOU) rates, and we evaluate individual components of the break-even cost, including effect of rate structure and various incentives. Finally, we examine how PV markets might evolve on a regional basis considering the sensitivity of the break-even cost to four major drivers: technical performance, financing parameters, electricity prices and rates, and policies. We find that electricity price rather than technical parameters are in general the key drivers of the break-even cost of PV. Additionally, this analysis provides insight about the potential viability of PV markets.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory", "place": "Golden, CO", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "1", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Grid parity for residential photovoltaics in the United States key drivers and sensitivities", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "Primo", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Electric utilities United States Rates.", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Photovoltaic power systems Economic aspects.", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy Economic aspects.", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-17T15:32:10Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-17T15:32:10Z" } }, { "key": "QQDKK6FP", "version": 9, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/QQDKK6FP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/QQDKK6FP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sarzynski et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-07", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QQDKK6FP", "version": 9, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The impact of state financial incentives on market deployment of solar technology", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrea", "lastName": "Sarzynski" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeremy", "lastName": "Larrieu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gireesh", "lastName": "Shrimali" } ], "abstractNote": "Many states have adopted financial incentives to encourage market deployment of solar energy technology. This paper employs a cross-sectional time-series approach to evaluate the extent to which state solar financial incentives systematically encouraged market deployment of solar photovoltaic (PV) technology from 1997 to 2009. The results demonstrate that states offering cash incentives such as rebates and grants experienced more extensive and rapid deployment of grid-tied PV technology than states without cash incentives over the study period. The analysis also finds that the presence of state renewable energy portfolio standards and specific solar carve-out provisions within them heavily influenced the market deployment of grid-tied solar PV technology through 2009.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 2012", "volume": "46", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "550-557", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Energy Policy", "DOI": "10.1016/j.enpol.2012.04.032", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0301421512003321", "accessDate": "2014-11-14T17:11:56Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0301-4215", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "ScienceDirect", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Financial incentives", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Policy impact", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar technology", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-14T17:11:56Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-14T17:11:56Z" } }, { "key": "K83B9S28", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/K83B9S28", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/K83B9S28", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lori Bird", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "K83B9S28", "version": 7, "itemType": "book", "title": "Distributed solar incentive programs recent experience and best practices for design and implementation", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "name": "Lori Bird" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "name": "Andrew Reger" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "name": "Jenny Heeter" }, { "creatorType": "contributor", "name": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory (U. S.)" } ], "abstractNote": "Based on lessons from recent program experience, this report explores best practices for designing and implementing incentives for small and mid-sized residential and commercial distributed solar energy projects. The findings of this paper are relevant to both new incentive programs as well as those undergoing modifications. The report covers factors to consider in setting and modifying incentive levels over time, differentiating incentives to encourage various market segments, administrative issues such as providing equitable access to incentives and customer protection. It also explores how incentive programs can be designed to respond to changing market conditions while attempting to provide a longer-term and stable environment for the solar industry. The findings are based on interviews with program administrators, regulators, and industry representatives as well as data from numerous incentive programs nationally, particularly the largest and longest-running programs. These best practices consider the perspectives of various stakeholders and the broad objectives of reducing solar costs, encouraging long-term market viability, minimizing ratepayer costs, and protecting consumers.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "National Renewable Energy Laboratory", "place": "Golden, CO", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "1", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "Primo", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Photovoltaic power generation United States Finance.", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Solar energy United States Finance.", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tax incentives United States.", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-14T17:00:56Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-14T17:00:56Z" } }, { "key": "AHGC79IR", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 305612, "name": "Solar Energy Incentives", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/305612/items/AHGC79IR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/solar_energy_incentives/items/AHGC79IR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1261598, "username": "Bibliobomb", "name": "Alex Hernandez", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/bibliobomb", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Borg et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AHGC79IR", "version": 5, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Solar Energy Incentives: Gauging the Investment Climate and Chasing Grid Parity", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emanuel John", "lastName": "Borg" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emily", "lastName": "Kalish" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Meyer" } ], "abstractNote": "Existing research on solar energy has focused on the technical requirements or economic effects of attaining grid parity. In this paper we gauge the current investment climate and determine if current risk adjusted returns are attractive enough to carry the solar market to 2014 when The Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS), Deutsche Bank, and Macquarie Group predict that grid parity demand will take over from government incentives as the driving force behind the panel manufacture market. We explore the attractiveness of solar energy investments by taking on the role of an infrastructure private equity investor and comparatively modeling all worldwide, 10 megawatt (MW), 20 year, solar energy investment opportunities. We draw conclusions on market attractiveness by comparing return outputs to risks in each region and determining a potential for attractive risk adjusted returns. Our findings show that: all predicted national and state level investment return outliers can be explained by abnormal risks and by strict contractual obligations. The market for solar energy infrastructure investments is competitive, but remains attractive for investment. Finally, this attractive investment climate will continue to drive global energy markets towards the ultimate goal of these incentive schemes - grid parity.", "publicationTitle": "Michigan Journal of Business", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "September 2013", "volume": "6", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "11-39", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Michigan Journal of Business", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=true&db=bth&AN=91270215&site=ehost-live", "accessDate": "2014-11-13T16:34:51Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "19415745", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Solar Energy Incentives", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "EBSCOhost", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "CAPITALISTS & financiers", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "CLEAN energy investment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "FEDERAL aid to energy development", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "MACQUARIE Group Ltd.", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "PRIVATE equity", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "SOLAR energy industries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "UNION Bank of Switzerland AG", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-11-13T16:34:51Z", "dateModified": "2014-11-13T16:34:51Z" } } ]