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(some col.) ; 30 cm\n\"Financed by the [ODA]\"--cover", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "24DK6N2Z", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/24DK6N2Z", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/24DK6N2Z", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/2PRUESIF", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "24DK6N2Z", "version": 2, "parentItem": "2PRUESIF", "itemType": "note", "note": "Summaries (En)Includes bibliographies ; graphs, illus., tables ; E", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "T3T66SS5", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/T3T66SS5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/T3T66SS5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "T3T66SS5", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Harnessing ecosystem-based approaches for food security and adaptation to climate change in Africa.(CONFERENCE REPORT)(Conference notes)", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "volume": "13", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "i", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Food Supply -- Conferences, Meetings And Seminars" }, { "tag": "Sustainable Agriculture -- Conferences, Meetings And Seminars" }, { "tag": "Sustainable Agriculture -- Methods" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "PJHEA8QC", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/PJHEA8QC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/PJHEA8QC", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PJHEA8QC", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Measuring Household Resilience to Food Insecurity: Application to Palestinian Households", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Summary This chapter contains sections titled: Introduction The concept of resilience and its relation to household food security From concept to measurement Empirical strategy Testing resilience measurement Conclusions References", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2010", "publisher": "Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd", "place": "Chichester, UK", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "11th Palestinian Public Perception Survey Data" }, { "tag": "Classification And Regression Tree (Cart) Methodology‐Understanding The Process" }, { "tag": "Concept Of Resilience And Its Relation To Household Food Security" }, { "tag": "Field Of Food Security, Developing And Refining Methods Of Analysis" }, { "tag": "Food Security Or Poverty‐Ex Post Measures Of Household&#039" }, { "tag": "Households, Sub Systems Of Broader Food System And Household Resilience" }, { "tag": "Measuring Household Resilience To Food Insecurity‐ Application To Palestinian Households" }, { "tag": "Resilience, Evolution Of Social Systems‐Analysing, Measuring And Implementing Sustainability Of Systems" }, { "tag": "S Decision‐Making About Assets And Incomes" }, { "tag": "Social Safety Nets (Ssn)‐Crucial Aspect Of Mitigation Of Crises In Palestine" }, { "tag": "Sustainability Of Jointly Determined Ecological‐Economic Systems And Concept Of Resilience" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "PSHX4PSG", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/PSHX4PSG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/PSHX4PSG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "parsedDate": "2002", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "PSHX4PSG", "version": 2, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Famine in Ethiopia: Drought, death and taxes", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The Economist", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2002", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.economist.com/node/1316910/print", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "9F8TU84I", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/9F8TU84I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/9F8TU84I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Yohe and Tol", "parsedDate": "2002", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9F8TU84I", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Indicators for social and economic coping capacity— moving toward a working definition of adaptive capacity", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gary", "lastName": "Yohe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard S. J.", "lastName": "Tol" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper offers a practically motivated method for evaluating systems’ abilities to handle external stress. The method is designed to assess the potential contributions of various adaptation options to improving systems’ coping capacities by focusing attention directly on the underlying determinants of adaptive capacity. The method should be sufficiently flexible to accommodate diverse applications whose contexts are location specific and path dependent without imposing the straightjacket constraints of a “one size fits all” cookbook approach. Nonetheless, the method should produce unitless indicators that can be employed to judge the relative vulnerabilities of diverse systems to multiple stresses and to their potential interactions. An artificial application is employed to describe the development of the method and to illustrate how it might be applied. Some empirical evidence is offered to underscore the significance of the determinants of adaptive capacity in determining vulnerability; these are the determinants upon which the method is constructed. The method is, finally, applied directly to expert judgments of six different adaptations that could reduce vulnerability in the Netherlands to increased flooding along the Rhine River.", "publicationTitle": "Global Environmental Change", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2002", "volume": "12", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "25-40", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptive Capacity" }, { "tag": "Climate Change" }, { "tag": "Coping capacity" }, { "tag": "Flood risk" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "S6WXJJ79", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/S6WXJJ79", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/S6WXJJ79", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Yamano et al.", "parsedDate": "2003", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "S6WXJJ79", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Child Growth, Shocks, and Food Aid in Rural Ethiopia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Takashi", "lastName": "Yamano" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Harold", "lastName": "Alderman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. Luc", "lastName": "Christiaensen" } ], "abstractNote": "Over the past decades child stunting in Ethiopia has persisted at alarming rates. While the country experienced several droughts during this period, it also received enormous amounts of food aid, leading some to question the effectiveness of food aid in reducing child malnutrition. Using nationally representative household surveys from 1995-96 and controlling for program placement, Yamano, Alderman, and Christiaensen find that children between 6 and 24 months experienced about 0.9 cm less growth over a six-month period in communities where half the crop area was damaged compared with those without crop damage. Food aid was also found to have a substantial effect on the growth of children in this age group. And on average, the total amount of food aid appeared to be sufficient to protect children against plot damage, an encouraging sign that food aid can act as an effective insurance mechanism, though its cost-effectiveness needs further investigation. This paper--a product of Public Services, Development Research Group--is part of a larger effort in the group to understand the consequences of economic shocks.", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2003", "publisher": "World Bank ,", "place": "Washington, D.C.", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://encompass.library.cornell.edu/cgi-bin/checkIP.cgi?access=gateway_standard%26url=http://dx.doi.org/10.1596/1813-9450-3128", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Health, Nutrition, and Population" }, { "tag": "Poverty" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "BFNUDGNZ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/BFNUDGNZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/BFNUDGNZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Worku et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BFNUDGNZ", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The significance of dry forest income for livelihood resilience: The case of the pastoralists and agro-pastoralists in the drylands of southeastern Ethiopia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Worku" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Pretzsch" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.", "lastName": "Kassa" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "E.", "lastName": "Auch" } ], "abstractNote": "There is a growing interest to take into account dry forests in planning sustainable development in arid and semi-arid sub-Saharan Africa. A mixed quantitative and qualitative research design involving various data collection tools was employed to examine the significance of dry forest income and associated conditioning factors in the context of pastoral and agro-pastoral production systems of southeastern Ethiopia. Income from livestock and dry forests were the first and second most important components of the total household income. Dry forest income accounts 34.8% and 35.2% of the total household income and 38% and 46% of the total household cash income in the Liben and Afdher Administrative Zones of Somali National Regional State, respectively. It was the largest income compared to all other incomes added together for 45% of the respondents. Most notably, for very poor households, dry forest income contributes up to 63% of their total income. Dry forest income levels varied significantly with occupation (P < 0.05), pastoralists generating more income than agro-pastoralists. Dry forest income enables 24% of households to remain above the poverty line, and it reduces income disparity by 13.7%. Moreover, dry forest income has become increasingly important for households' ex-ante risk and ex-post drought coping strategies. The number of youths per household (P < 0.001), access to extension services (P < 0.001), and being member of a cooperative (P < 0.05) significantly affected dry forest income levels in both Zones. Findings of this study could apply to similar dryland eco-regions in the Horn of Africa and contribute to enhance promotion of sustainable management of dry forests for integrated livelihood adaptation, biodiversity conservation and combating desertification. Further research is needed to quantify the contribution dry forests make to livelihoods through livestock production and to develop options that will guide policy making process to generate additional economic incentives for communities and countries to be engaged in sustainable management and use of dry forests. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.", "publicationTitle": "Forest Policy Econ.", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "41", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "51-59", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "IURXFPWZ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/IURXFPWZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/IURXFPWZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Winsor and Skovdal", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IURXFPWZ", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Agency, resilience and coping: Exploring the psychosocial effects of goat ownership on orphaned and vulnerable children in Western Kenya", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robyn Elizabeth", "lastName": "Winsor" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Morten", "lastName": "Skovdal" } ], "abstractNote": "Despite an increase in goat donation programmes geared at orphaned and vulnerable children in sub‐Saharan Africa, the social psychological effects of goat ownership on the lives of these children have yet to be investigated. To shed light on the ways in which goat ownership affects children's psychosocial well‐being, this paper presents a case study of a goat donation programme in Western Kenya, paying particular attention to children's interaction with the goats. Informed by social psychological understandings of resilience and coping, we involved fifteen children (aged 12–17) in this qualitative study, using photographs and written reflections to describe the impact of goat ownership on their lives. The children also created daily routine diagrams and community maps and participated in two group discussions to explore their experiences further. The guardians of two of the participating children were also interviewed. A thematic content analysis of all our data revealed that goat ownership, within this social environment, enabled children to (i) generate income as a result of their participation in goat management, (ii) negotiate social support and (iii) create positive images of self and life – deriving emotional benefits. We conclude that goat ownership provides orphaned and vulnerable children with opportunities for positive social participation and community engagement that can facilitate children's resilience. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Community & Applied Social Psychology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011", "volume": "21", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "433-450", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Africa" }, { "tag": "Agency" }, { "tag": "Goats" }, { "tag": "Orphans" }, { "tag": "Resilience" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "G7C8C2N6", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/G7C8C2N6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/G7C8C2N6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Webber et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "G7C8C2N6", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "What role can crop models play in supporting climate change adaptation decisions to enhance food security in Sub-Saharan Africa?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Heidi", "lastName": "Webber" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Gaiser" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Frank", "lastName": "Ewert" } ], "abstractNote": "•Crop modeling adaptation studies can be improved by drawing on knowledge from the social sciences.•Crop modeling adaptation studies must consider the diversity of factors which constrain farmers.•Extreme climatic events are a key factor driving changes in Sub-Saharan cropping systems.•Crop models can be used to evaluate the robustness of current adaptations to future climates. In Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) efforts to achieve food security are challenged by poverty, low soil fertility, unequal global trade relationships, population growth, weak institutions and infrastructure, and future climate changes and variability. Crop models are the primary tools available to assess the impacts of climate change and other drivers on crop productivity, a key aspect of food security. This review examines their role and suitability for informing climate change adaptation decisions in the SSA context. Perception of climate change is rarely the only factor leading to changed farming practices, with labor availability, recent extreme climatic events (floods or droughts) and access to formal credit, constituting the main factors farmers respond to. Further, farmers’ socio-economic status constrains the adaptations they make in response to these drivers. Many crop modeling studies reviewed investigating climate change adaptation currently do not capture many of these drivers, adaptations nor constraints. However, a number of areas were identified where crop models could aid in adaptations decision-making. For instance, crop models can: test which changes farmers are making are most robust to future climate scenarios; be used as tools for experimentation in farmer organizations to build farmer capacity, minimize risk and empower farmers; be linked to economic, farm systems or livestock models to widen the scope of potential impacts, adaptations and farmer constraints considered, and to probe the interactions of cropping systems with other systems; and evaluate various indicators of resilience. Finally it is suggested that one of the greatest benefits of linking crop models across disciplines and in integrated assessment frameworks may be providing a platform to bring specialists and stakeholders from diverse backgrounds together to assess climate change adaptation options to enhance food security in SSA.", "publicationTitle": "Agricultural Systems", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptations" }, { "tag": "Climate Change" }, { "tag": "Crop models" }, { "tag": "Cropping systems" }, { "tag": "Sub-Saharan Africa" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "U6RNJQ5K", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/U6RNJQ5K", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/U6RNJQ5K", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Washington-Ottombre and Pijanowski", "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "U6RNJQ5K", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Rural organizations and adaptation to climate change and variability in rural Kenya", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Camille", "lastName": "Washington-Ottombre" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bryan", "lastName": "Pijanowski" } ], "abstractNote": "Numerous studies have shown that collective action affects the type and efficiency of short- and long-term adaptation to climate change. This empirical study contributes to the body of the literature on collective action and adaptive capacity by demonstrating how organizations frame responses to climate variability and change in rural Kenya by promoting local rural institutions. By analyzing interviews, role-playing games, and household surveys, we ask how local rural organizations shape coping strategies to climate variability and how they may structure future adaptations to climate change. We also investigate what types of households participate in those organizations and how their participation may impact their vulnerability to climate change and variability. Our analysis shows that in places rendered especially vulnerable to climate change by arid climatic conditions, the disengagement of governmental services, and a limited access to income-generating activities, local rural organizations increase livelihood security. Those organizations reduce local vulnerabilities and enhance collective action. In contrast to common diversification and livelihood security strategies which rely on the access to urban or peri-urban structures, local rural institutions and organizations allow for rural and grassroots sustainable adaptation strategies. In that respect, they constitute a resilient and mostly untapped resource for visibly strengthening livelihood security and adaptive capacities in rural Kenya.", "publicationTitle": "Reg Environ Change", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "volume": "13", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "537-550", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptation to climate change" }, { "tag": "Collective Action" }, { "tag": "Kenya" }, { "tag": "Local rural institutions" }, { "tag": "Rural organizations" }, { "tag": "Rural producer organizations" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "GBNG8SF4", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/GBNG8SF4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/GBNG8SF4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Vogel", "parsedDate": "2006", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "GBNG8SF4", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Foreword: Resilience, vulnerability and adaptation: A cross- cutting theme of the international human dimensions programme on global environmental change", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.", "lastName": "Vogel" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Glob. Environ. Change-Human Policy Dimens.", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2006", "volume": "16", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "235-236", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "RQG5ZVAH", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/RQG5ZVAH", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/RQG5ZVAH", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Vaitla et al.", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RQG5ZVAH", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Resilience and Livelihoods Change in Tigray, Ethiopia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bapu", "lastName": "Vaitla" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Girmay", "lastName": "Tesfay" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Megan", "lastName": "Rounseville" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel", "lastName": "Maxwell" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "Feinsten International Center", "place": "Somerville, MA", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "FF5VARKV", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/FF5VARKV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/FF5VARKV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "UNICEF", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FF5VARKV", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Household Resilience in Dolow, Somalia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "UNICEF" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2014", "publisher": "", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "DNBERDPZ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/DNBERDPZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/DNBERDPZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tsegaye et al.", "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DNBERDPZ", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Pastoralists and livelihoods: A case study from northern Afar, Ethiopia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D.", "lastName": "Tsegaye" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Vedeld" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. R.", "lastName": "Moe" } ], "abstractNote": "To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jaridenv.2013.01.002 Byline: D. Tsegaye (a), P. Vedeld (b), S.R. Moe (a) Abstract: The changing contexts in the drylands of Africa in which pastoralists operate pose potential negative effects for the livelihood sustenance of pastoralists. We examined present livelihood adaptations among Afar pastoralists in north eastern Ethiopia through a household survey. With an average per capita income of 1.20 USD a day (PPP-adjusted in 2006), all households surveyed in the study area fall below the international 2 USD a day poverty line. Most Afar pastoralists have become increasingly involved in farming and non-farming/non-pastoral activities, but do not display a total detachment from traditional mobile herding. Pastoral households are still less likely to diversify their livelihoods, while semi-pastoral and agro-pastoral households keep livestock more as an additional insurance against failure in other livelihood activities such as farming. This indicates combining livestock production and farming has improved or at least constrained declines in livelihood outcomes. Our quantitative findings are congruent with the general patterns of pastoral livelihood contraction occurring in the region even if a substantial group of pastoralists continue to engage in keeping livestock. These findings are highly relevant in a management context, suggesting more encompassing, and locally adapted policy and development strategy rather than a wholesale abandonment of support to pastoral livelihood styles. Author Affiliation: (a) Department of Ecology and Natural Resource Management, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, 1432 AS, Norway (b) Department of International Environment and Development Studies, Noragric, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, P. O. Box 5003, 1432 AS, Norway Article History: Received 31 May 2012; Revised 8 December 2012; Accepted 3 January 2013", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Arid Environments", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "volume": "91", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "138", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Livestock -- Case Studies" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "4MZHQ98W", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/4MZHQ98W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/4MZHQ98W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tschakert et al.", "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "4MZHQ98W", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Inequality and transformation analyses: a complementary lens for addressing vulnerability to climate change", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Petra", "lastName": "Tschakert" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bob", "lastName": "Van Oort" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Asuncion Lera", "lastName": "St. Clair" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Armando", "lastName": "Lamadrid" } ], "abstractNote": "Vulnerability assessments (VAs) are the dominant method to establish who and what is vulnerable to the negative effects of climate change. Researchers and practitioners typically use VAs to measure material vulnerability in terms of unbalanced sets of assets and institutional vulnerability regarding socially differentiated access to rights and decision-making processes. However, as scholarship on vulnerability and adaptation aligns in a better manner with development and sustainability priorities and focuses more explicitly on interrelations between climate and global change, creative complementary approaches to understanding vulnerability are needed, both conceptually and methodologically. This article discusses the generational shifts of climate change VAs over the last 25 years, their achievements and blind spots. We note declining attention to broad structural and relational drivers of vulnerability and inequality, and an inadequate understanding of vulnerability dynamics which hampers forward-looking change processes. To remedy these blind spots, and based on the reflections on building adaptive capacity coupled with emergent debates on societal transformation, we propose a comprehensive framework for Inequality and Transformation Analyses. The framework, fusing previously fractured approaches, combines assessments of structural and relational drivers of inequalities and marginalization as well as possible solution spaces with reflective and relational opportunities for anticipatory learning and transformative change. It contributes to alternative framings for a more relational research agenda on social-ecological vulnerability and adaptation.", "publicationTitle": "Climate and Development", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "volume": "5", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "340-350", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptive Capacity" }, { "tag": "Anticipatory Learning" }, { "tag": "Flourishing" }, { "tag": "Inequality" }, { "tag": "Structural-relational" }, { "tag": "Transformative Change" }, { "tag": "Vulnerability Assessments" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "JCIXHEE2", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/JCIXHEE2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/JCIXHEE2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Trærup", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JCIXHEE2", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Informal networks and resilience to climate change impacts: A collective approach to index insurance", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sara L. M.", "lastName": "Trærup" } ], "abstractNote": "Highlights► Informal networks are insufficient during community wide shocks. ► Access to formal insurance will increase network members resilience to climate change impacts. ► Targeting households through existing informal networks has potential to remove a number of prevailing barriers for the uptake of insurance. This article contributes to the understanding of how to proceed with the development of index-insurance in order to reach extended population coverage with the insurance. The approach is applied to an example from a region in Tanzania. One of the main coping strategies that resource-poor households rely on to manage risks related to fluctuations in income flows is risk-sharing in informal networks. An informal network is an ideal way of managing idiosyncratic shocks, but once such shocks become covariate and affect whole communities, as is the case with most climate change impacts, informal networks become insufficient since the majority of risk-sharers will be affected by the shock at the same time. This paper proposes a collective approach to index-insurance in which the members of an informal network will be insured as one insurance taker. The paper raises a conceptual argument that targeting households through existing informal networks will remove a number of prevailing barriers to the take-up of insurance and consequently the approach has the potential to increase households’ resilience to climate change impacts. The policy implications of the conclusions are significant since the number of covariate shocks is predicted to increase with climate change.", "publicationTitle": "Global Environmental Change", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2011", "volume": "22", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "255-267", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Climate Change" }, { "tag": "Index insurance" }, { "tag": "Informal networks" }, { "tag": "Resilience" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "3J5H6X6N", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/3J5H6X6N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/3J5H6X6N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Tol and Yohe", "parsedDate": "2007", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "3J5H6X6N", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The weakest link hypothesis for adaptive capacity: An empirical test", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard S. J.", "lastName": "Tol" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gary W.", "lastName": "Yohe" } ], "abstractNote": "Yohe and Tol (2002. Global Environmental Change 12, 25–40) built an indexing method for vulnerability based on the hypothesis that the adaptive capacity for any system facing a vector of external stresses could be explained by the weakest of its underlying determinants—the so-called “weakest link” hypothesis. Their structure noted eight determinants, but the approach could handle any number. They quoted analogies in support of the hypothesis, but loose inference is hardly sufficient to confirm such a claim. We respond to this omission by offering an empirical investigation of its validity. We estimate a structural form designed to accommodate the full range of possible interactions across sets of underlying determinants. The perfect complement case of the pure “weakest-link” formulation lies on one extreme, and the perfect substitute case where each determinant can compensate for all others at constant rates is the other limiting case. For vulnerability to natural disasters, infant mortality and drinking water treatment, we find qualified support for a modified weakest link hypothesis: the weakest indicator plays an important role because other factors can compensate (with increasing difficulty). For life expectancy, sanitation and nutrition, we find a relationship that is close to linear—the perfect substitute case where the various determinants of adaptive capacity can compensate for each other with relative and persistent ease. Moreover, since the factors from which systems derive their adaptive capacities are different for different risks, we have identified another source of diversity in the assessment of vulnerability.", "publicationTitle": "Global Environmental Change", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007", "volume": "17", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "218-227", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adaptive Capacity" }, { "tag": "O2" }, { "tag": "Perfect complementarity" }, { "tag": "Q0" }, { "tag": "Substitution" }, { "tag": "Vulnerability" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "8HTKD5QR", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/8HTKD5QR", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/8HTKD5QR", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Taffesse et al.", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8HTKD5QR", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Crop Production in Ethiopia: Regional Patterns and Trends", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alemayehu Seyoum", "lastName": "Taffesse" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul", "lastName": "Dorosh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sinafikeh", "lastName": "Asrat" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2011", "publisher": "International Food Policy Research Institute", "place": "Washington, DC", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "QSSNBDSI", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/QSSNBDSI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/QSSNBDSI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Somalia et al.", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QSSNBDSI", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Promoting resiliency for at risk populations: lessons learned from recent experience in Somalia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F. A. O.", "lastName": "Somalia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "UNICEF", "lastName": "Somalia" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "W. F. P.", "lastName": "Somalia" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2012", "publisher": "", "place": "", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "M5MF75G9", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/M5MF75G9", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/M5MF75G9", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sheffield et al.", "parsedDate": "2014", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "M5MF75G9", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A drought monitoring and forecasting system for sub-Sahara African water resources and food security: the development and implementation of a drought monitoring and seasonal hydrological forecast system for sub-Saharan Africa contributes to building capacity through technology and knowledge transfer", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Justin", "lastName": "Sheffield" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric F.", "lastName": "Wood" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nathaniel", "lastName": "Chaney" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kaiyu", "lastName": "Guan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sara", "lastName": "Sadri" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Xing", "lastName": "Yuan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luke", "lastName": "Olang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Abou", "lastName": "Amani" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Abdou", "lastName": "Ali" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Siegfried", "lastName": "Demuth" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Laban", "lastName": "Ogallo" } ], "abstractNote": "Drought is one of the leading impediments to development in Africa. Much of the continent is dependent on rain-fed agriculture, which makes it particularly susceptible to climate variability. Monitoring drought and providing timely seasonal forecasts are essential for integrated drought risk reduction. Current approaches in developing regions have generally been limited, however, in part because of unreliable monitoring networks. Operational seasonal climate forecasts are also deficient and often reliant on statistical regressions, which are unable to provide detailed information relevant for drought assessment. However, the wealth of data from satellites and recent advancements in large-scale hydrological modeling and seasonal climate model predictions have enabled the development of state-of-the-art monitoring and prediction systems that can help address many of the problems inherent to developing regions. An experimental drought monitoring and forecast system for sub-Saharan Africa is described that is based on advanced land surface modeling driven by satellite and atmospheric model data. Key elements of the system are the provision of near-real-time evaluations of the terrestrial water cycle and an assessment of drought conditions. The predictive element takes downscaled ensemble dynamical climate forecasts and provides, when merged with the hydrological modeling, ensemble hydrological forecasts. We evaluate the overall skill of the system for monitoring and predicting the development of drought and illustrate the use of the system for the 2010/11 Horn of Africa drought. A key element is the transition and testing of the technology for operational usage by African collaborators and we discuss this for two implementations in West and East Africa.", "publicationTitle": "Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2014", "volume": "95", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "861", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Climate Change -- Analysis" }, { "tag": "Droughts -- Analysis" }, { "tag": "Droughts -- Kenya" }, { "tag": "Droughts -- Somalia" }, { "tag": "Droughts -- Sub-Saharan Africa" }, { "tag": "Food Supply -- Analysis" }, { "tag": "Water Cycle -- Analysis" }, { "tag": "Water Resources -- Analysis" }, { "tag": "Water Resources -- Kenya" }, { "tag": "Water Resources -- Somalia" }, { "tag": "Water Resources -- Sub-Saharan Africa" }, { "tag": "Weather Forecasting -- Analysis" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "94VTEJ9I", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/94VTEJ9I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/94VTEJ9I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Seo", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "94VTEJ9I", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Is an integrated farm more resilient against climate change? A micro- econometric analysis of portfolio diversification in African agriculture", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. Niggol", "lastName": "Seo" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper examines whether an integrated farm that owns both crops and livestock is more resilient under global warming than a specialized farm in crops. Using around 9000 farm surveys across Africa, we explore how farmers choose one of the farm types and how the net revenue of each type varies across the range of climate in Africa. The results indicate that an integrated farm increases in number while a specialized farm decreases across Africa under climate predictions for 2060. The relative profitability of each system against each other also changes. An integrated farm becomes relatively more profitable over specialized farms half a century from now. The impacts of climate change on integrated farms range from 9% loss to 27% gain depending on climate scenarios. Behavioral models can capture portfolio diversification benefits that agro-economic models cannot measure.", "publicationTitle": "Food Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2010", "volume": "35", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "32-40", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Africa" }, { "tag": "Climate Change" }, { "tag": "Integrated farm" }, { "tag": "Livestock" }, { "tag": "Micro-econometrics" }, { "tag": "adaptation" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "MU7SGWQN", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/MU7SGWQN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/MU7SGWQN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Segele and Lamb", "parsedDate": "2005", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "MU7SGWQN", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Characterization and variability of Kiremt rainy season over Ethiopia", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Z. T.", "lastName": "Segele" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P. J.", "lastName": "Lamb" } ], "abstractNote": "Ethiopia has been ravaged by severe drought for many of the last 35 years, primarily due to the failure of its main (Kiremt) rainy season in boreal summer. Kiremt quality results from the timing of its onset and cessation and the frequency and duration of intervening dry-spells. To address these key aspects of Kiremt variability, we analyzed specially constructed sets of research quality, daily rainfall and rawinsonde data for the longest available periods (25-57 years). The analyses produced wide-ranging results of considerable value to Ethiopia. The long-term average spatial progression of the southwest-to-northeast Kiremt onset and its reverse cessation are documented, along with measures of their interannual variability. Treated on a similar geographical basis is the local vulnerability to Kiremt interruption by dry-spells. Rawinsonde data for central Ethiopia are analyzed to place these long-term mean surface Kiremt characteristics in the context of the annual cycles of tropospheric wind, temperature, and pressure. Investigation of the rich interannual Kiremt variation focuses on onset, cessation, and growing length (which excludes dry-spells) anomalies. The analyses begin with the compositing of indicative tropospheric profiles for sets of extremely dry and wet Kiremt seasons. This is followed by examination of 1961-99 time series of the above Kiremt parameters, which prompts case study investigations of the highly contrasting 1984 (very dry) and 1996 (much wetter) Kiremts in terms of both Ethiopian rainfall and the tropospheric circulation of the surrounding region. Finally, correlation analyses are used to investigate relations between the above key Kiremt parameters for the most drought-prone (northeastern) part of the Kiremt region and global tropical-subtropical sea surface temperature patterns, including the ENSO phenomenon.", "publicationTitle": "Meteorol. Atmos. Phys.", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2005", "volume": "89", "issue": "1-4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "153-180", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "68D7NTC2", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/68D7NTC2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/68D7NTC2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Russo et al.", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "68D7NTC2", "version": 2, "itemType": "book", "title": "Food security in protracted crisis situations: issues and challenges", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L.", "lastName": "Russo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G.", "lastName": "Hemrich" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L.", "lastName": "Alinovi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D.", "lastName": "Melvin" } ], "abstractNote": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "volume": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "edition": "", "date": "2008", "publisher": "(London) (United Kingdom): Practical Action Pub./FAO", "place": "(London) (United Kingdom)", "originalDate": "", "originalPublisher": "", "originalPlace": "", "format": "", "numPages": "", "ISBN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Aid Programmes" }, { "tag": "Aide" }, { "tag": "Aide Au Developpement" }, { "tag": "Ayuda Al Desarrollo" }, { "tag": "Crise Economique" }, { "tag": "Crisis Economica" }, { "tag": "Development Aid" }, { "tag": "Economic Crises" }, { "tag": "Programas De Ayuda" }, { "tag": "Programme D&#039" }, { "tag": "Securite Alimentaire" }, { "tag": "Seguridad Alimentaria" }, { "tag": "food security" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } }, { "key": "DXNWVIVE", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 297337, "name": "Tulane_test", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/297337/items/DXNWVIVE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/tulane_test/items/DXNWVIVE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 778581, "username": "nathanmorrow", "name": "Nathan Morrow", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nathanmorrow", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rodima-Taylor", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "DXNWVIVE", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Social innovation and climate adaptation: Local collective action in diversifying Tanzania", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daivi", "lastName": "Rodima-Taylor" } ], "abstractNote": "To link to full-text access for this article, visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.apgeog.2011.10.005 Byline: Daivi Rodima-Taylor Abstract: In African communities, informal associations are becoming increasingly important in shaping and mediating local adaptation practices. The study suggests that the concept of social innovation is useful for analyzing climate adaptation in the multiscale institutional environments with complex vulnerability contexts. Small-scale local associations have a potential to facilitate collective experimentation and risk management, contributing to the resilience and sustainability of the social-ecological system. Ethnographic focus is on the informal associations of economic cooperation and dispute mediation of Kuria people of northwest Tanzania, and the ways these institutional forms facilitate resource management and the negotiation of difference under income diversification. Organizational features of the groups are examined that facilitate social innovation and alternative patterns of communication, effecting flexible and relational connections between scales. The study examines the features of the local institutions that have a potential to enhance local adaptive capacity, and discusses possible challenges to sustainable climate adaptation. Author Affiliation: African Studies Center, Boston University, 232 Bay State Road, Boston, MA 02115, USA", "publicationTitle": "Applied Geography", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2012", "volume": "33", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "128", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Climate -- Analysis" }, { "tag": "Soil Management (Agronomy) -- Analysis" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-17T03:38:44Z" } } ]