[ { "key": "X28WZQJV", "version": 16, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/X28WZQJV", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/X28WZQJV", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sloma", "parsedDate": "2013", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "X28WZQJV", "version": 16, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Carbon footprint of electronic devices", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marcin", "lastName": "Sloma" } ], "abstractNote": "Paper assesses the greenhouse gas emissions related to the electronic sectors including information and communication\ntechnology and media sectors. While media often presents the carbon emission problem of other industries like\npetroleum industry, the airlines and automobile sectors, plastics and steel manufacturers, the electronics industry must\ninclude the increasing carbon footprints caused from their applications like media and entertainment, computers and\ncooling devices, complex telecommunications networks, cloud computing and powerful mobile phones. In that sense\ngreenhouse gas emission of electronics should be studied in a life cycle perspective, including regular operational\nelectricity use. Paper presents which product groups or processes are major contributors in emission. From available data\nand extrapolation of existing information we know that the information and communication technology sector produced\n1.3% and media sector 1.7% of global gas emissions within production cycle, using the data from 2007.In the same time\nglobal electricity use of that sectors was 3.9% and 3.2% respectively. The results indicate that for both sectors operation\nleads to more gas emissions than manufacture, although impacts from the manufacture is significant, especially in the\nsupply chain. Media electronics led to more emissions than PCs (manufacture and operation). Examining the role of\nelectronics in climate change, including disposal of its waste, will enable the industry to take internal actions, leading to\nlowering the impact on the climate change within the sector itself.", "proceedingsTitle": "", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "8902", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "890225-890225-8", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1117/12.2030271", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2030271", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T17:07:01Z", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "Silverchair", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:07:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:07:01Z" } }, { "key": "9WHAEXSB", "version": 15, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/9WHAEXSB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/9WHAEXSB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Weber", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9WHAEXSB", "version": 15, "itemType": "report", "title": "Uncertainty and variability in carbon footprinting for electronics: case study of an IBM rack-mount", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Christopher", "lastName": "Weber" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": 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"creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.nrel.gov/lci/", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T17:04:01Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:04:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:04:01Z" } }, { "key": "IPZMWGG3", "version": 15, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/IPZMWGG3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/IPZMWGG3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Malmodin et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-05-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "IPZMWGG3", "version": 15, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Life Cycle Assessment of ICT", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jens", "lastName": "Malmodin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dag", "lastName": "Lundén" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Åsa", "lastName": "Moberg" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Greger", "lastName": "Andersson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mikael", "lastName": "Nilsson" } ], "abstractNote": "The use of information and communication technology (ICT) is growing throughout society, and new products and solutions are developed at an increasing rate. To enable environmental assessment of specific ICT products and other products that rely on ICT in some way, a more complete, detailed, and up-to-date study based on real measurements is needed. To date, similar studies have not been readily available or fully comprehensive. This study assessed the overall operational electricity use and life-cycle–based carbon footprint (CF) relating to ICT in Sweden, including activities not commonly addressed previously, such as shared data transport networks and data centers and manufacturing of network infrastructure. Specific, detailed inventory data are presented and used for assessment of the Internet Protocol core network, data transmission, operator activities, and access network. These specific data, in combination with secondary, more generic data for end-user equipment, allow a comprehensive overall assessment. The majority of the ICT network CF is the result of end-user equipment, mainly personal computers, followed by third-party enterprise networks and data centers and then access networks. The parts closest to the user proved to be clearly responsible for the majority of the impact. The results are presented for Swedish ICT networks and for ICT networks in general based on a global average electricity mix.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Industrial Ecology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 1, 2014", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "n/a-n/a", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Journal of Industrial Ecology", "DOI": "10.1111/jiec.12145", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jiec.12145/abstract", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T17:03:51Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1530-9290", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "Wiley Online Library", "callNumber": "", "rights": "© 2014 by Yale University", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:03:51Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:03:51Z" } }, { "key": "UQMICHN5", "version": 15, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/UQMICHN5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/UQMICHN5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Stutz", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UQMICHN5", "version": 15, "itemType": "report", "title": "Carbon Footprint of a Typical Business Laptop From Dell", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Markus", "lastName": "Stutz" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "", "place": "", "date": "2010", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://i.dell.com/sites/content/corporate/corp-comm/en/Documents/dell-laptop-carbon-footprint-whitepaper.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:03:00Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:03:31Z" } }, { "key": "QMD3JKJZ", "version": 14, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/QMD3JKJZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/QMD3JKJZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QMD3JKJZ", "version": 14, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Dell-Design for Environment", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "One of Dell’s primary goals is to minimize our environmental impact. This includes reducing the carbon footprint of our products through each stage of the lifecycle, from development to recycling.", "websiteTitle": "Dell", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.dell.com/learn/us/en/uscorp1/corp-comm/environment_carbon_footprint_products", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T17:02:39Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:02:39Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:02:46Z" } }, { "key": "7W8KR9SK", "version": 14, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/7W8KR9SK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/7W8KR9SK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "7W8KR9SK", "version": 14, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "CarbonFree® Certified Product Index", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Carbonfund.org has America's first carbon neutral product label, CarbonFree®Certified. Our label is now proudly displayed on numerous household items...", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.carbonfund.org/carbonfree-certified-products", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T17:02:26Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:02:26Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:02:26Z" } }, { "key": "8RRXHI4W", "version": 14, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/8RRXHI4W", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/8RRXHI4W", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Jain", "parsedDate": "2011", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8RRXHI4W", "version": 14, "itemType": "report", "title": "A comparative assessment of the carbon footprint of AMD Fusion™ products with the previous generation products", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Siddharth", "lastName": "Jain" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "", "place": "", "date": "2011", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.amd.com/Documents/APU%20Carbon%20Footprint%20white%20paper%20FINAL%201%2021%2011.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:01:38Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:02:15Z" } }, { "key": "I8VXQR6I", "version": 14, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/I8VXQR6I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/I8VXQR6I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "I8VXQR6I", "version": 14, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Carbon Trust Accredited Supplier Map", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "Carbon Trust Accredited Supplier Map", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "https://mapsengine.google.com/maps/d/viewer?mid=zPpU8s3UtWdE.kCRGbHWqELuo", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T17:01:18Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:01:18Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:01:18Z" } }, { "key": "ZC9XAS2N", "version": 14, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/ZC9XAS2N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/ZC9XAS2N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Fehske et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-08", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ZC9XAS2N", "version": 14, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The global footprint of mobile communications: The ecological and economic perspective", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A", "lastName": "Fehske" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G.", "lastName": "Fettweis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J.", "lastName": "Malmodin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G.", "lastName": "Biczok" } ], "abstractNote": "This article quantifies the global carbon footprint of mobile communication systems, and discusses its ecological and economic implications. Using up-to-date data and life cycle assessment models, we predict an increase of CO2 equivalent emissions by a factor of three until 2020 compared to 2007, rising from about 86 to 235 Mto CO2e, suggesting a steeper increase than predicted in the well-known SMART2020 report. We provide a breakdown of the global carbon footprint, which reveals that production of mobile devices and global radio access network operation will remain the major contributors, accompanied by an increasing share of emissions due to data transfer in the backbone resulting from rising mobile traffic volumes. The energy bill due to network operation will gain increasing importance in cellular business models. Furthermore, technologies to reduce energy consumption are considered a key enabler for the spread of mobile communications in developing countries. Taking into account several scenarios of technological advancement and rollout, we analyze the overall energy consumption of global radio access networks and illustrate the saving potential of green communication technologies. We conclude that, conditioned on quick implementation and alongside other \"classical\" improvements of spectral efficiency, these technologies offer the potential to serve three orders of magnitude more traffic with the same overall energy consumption as today.", "publicationTitle": "IEEE Communications Magazine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "August 2011", "volume": "49", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "55-62", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "10.1109/MCOM.2011.5978416", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0163-6804", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The global footprint of mobile communications", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "IEEE Xplore", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:01:00Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:01:00Z" } }, 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"alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/28FX59X4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "28FX59X4", "version": 9, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "HP Carbon Footprint Calculators", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://h71028.www7.hp.com/enterprise/us/en/solutions/hp-carbon-footprint-calculator.html?jumpid=ex_r2548_go/carbonfootprint", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T16:35:59Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:35:59Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:35:59Z" } }, { "key": "RD4VAMRF", "version": 9, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/RD4VAMRF", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/RD4VAMRF", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/A9APXWSJ", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "RD4VAMRF", "version": 9, "parentItem": "A9APXWSJ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Computing Contributers: The Carbon Footprints of Sony and Dell", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T16:34:12Z", "url": 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"text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "A9APXWSJ", "version": 8, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Computing Contributers: The Carbon Footprints of Sony and Dell", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://cosmos.ucdavis.edu/archives/2008/cluster4/arevalo_romero/index.html", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T16:34:11Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:34:11Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:34:11Z" } }, { "key": "NB62J5RX", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/NB62J5RX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/NB62J5RX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Olivetti et al.", "parsedDate": "2012", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NB62J5RX", "version": 7, "itemType": "report", "title": "Exploration into the environmental assessment of electrical products", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elsa A.", "lastName": "Olivetti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Huabo", "lastName": "Duan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Randolph E.", "lastName": "Kirchain" } ], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "", "place": "", "date": "2012", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.nema.org/Policy/Environmental-Stewardship/Documents/Carbon%20Footprint%20project%20%E2%80%93%20First%20Phase%20Report%20Sept%202012.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:29:53Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:30:55Z" } }, { "key": "AFDB98RU", "version": 5, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/AFDB98RU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/AFDB98RU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AFDB98RU", "version": 5, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Apple – Environmental Responsibility – Reports", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "View Product Environmental Reports for Apple products.", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.apple.com/environment/reports/", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T16:28:49Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:28:49Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:28:49Z" } }, { "key": "JR8CZAQ2", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/JR8CZAQ2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/JR8CZAQ2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bottner et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-09", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "JR8CZAQ2", "version": 4, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Carbon footprinting of information technology products based on ISO standards", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.", "lastName": "Bottner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "K.", "lastName": "Schischke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "N.F.", "lastName": "Nissen" } ], "abstractNote": "When it wanted to gain a comprehensive overview of the environmental impact of typical products within its comprehensive portfolio, Fujitsu turned to ISO standards to establish measurement criteria for its “Product Carbon Footprint (PCF)” initiative.", "proceedingsTitle": "2011 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Berlin (ICCE-Berlin)", "conferenceName": "2011 IEEE International Conference on Consumer Electronics - Berlin (ICCE-Berlin)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Sept 2011", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "291-295", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1109/ICCE-Berlin.2011.6031836", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "IEEE Xplore", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:26:28Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:26:28Z" } }, { "key": "NR39TTCK", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/NR39TTCK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/NR39TTCK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gao et al.", "parsedDate": "2013-06-25", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NR39TTCK", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A comparative study of carbon footprint and assessment standards", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tao", "lastName": "Gao" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Qing", "lastName": "Liu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jianping", "lastName": "Wang" } ], "abstractNote": "This paper focuses on the research methods and steps involved in carrying out studies on different types of carbon footprints. Furthermore, a comparative study of different carbon footprint assessment standards was carried out to identify their similarities, differences and deficiencies. Goals, principles, research boundaries, calculation methods, data selection and other aspects of organizations footprint and product carbon footprint were analysed, respectively. Organizations carbon footprint assessment standards—ISO14064 and Greenhouse Gas (GHG) protocol and product carbon footprint assessment standards—PAS2050, TSQ0010, ISO14047 and Product and Supply Chain GHG Protocol were analysed comparatively. The selection of GHG, system settings, quantification and carbon footprint, selection of date and treatment of specific emissions are the most important part of the study of the carbon footprint and assessment standards, especially for organizations and products. Guidelines had been made on these issues from existing assessment standards, but further improvement is still needed.", "publicationTitle": "International Journal of Low-Carbon Technologies", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2013-06-25", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "ctt041", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Int. J. Low-Carbon Tech.", "DOI": "10.1093/ijlct/ctt041", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://ijlct.oxfordjournals.org/content/early/2013/06/24/ijlct.ctt041", "accessDate": "2014-09-17T16:24:19Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1748-1317,", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "ijlct.oxfordjournals.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:24:19Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:24:19Z" } }, { "key": "CSACZQSJ", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 288928, "name": "Carbon_Footprint_Electronics", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/288928/items/CSACZQSJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/carbon_footprint_electronics/items/CSACZQSJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 250494, "username": "tsandberg", "name": "Tami Sandberg", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/tsandberg", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Huang et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-05", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CSACZQSJ", "version": 2, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "Carbon footprinting upstream supply chain for electronics manufacturing and computer services", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Y.A", "lastName": "Huang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C.L.", "lastName": "Weber" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H.S.", "lastName": "Matthews" } ], "abstractNote": "Corporations and institutions, including the electronics manufacturing and computer services sectors have become concerned with their impacts on climate change and are participating in carbon footprint assessment and climate management discussions. Existing carbon footprint protocols classify carbon footprint into tiered ldquoScopesrdquo: direct emissions as ldquoScope 1rdquo, emissions from direct purchased energy as ldquoScope 2rdquo, and all other indirect emissions as optional ldquoScope 3.rdquo Because Scopes 1 and 2 footprints are generally less than 25% of the total direct and upstream footprint for a vast majority of businesses, Scope 3 emissions should not be ignored as knowledge of them can help inform more holistic approaches to address life cycle footprint across the supply chain. This research uses input-output life cycle assessment methods to conduct a ldquoscoping analysisrdquo that characterizes the carbon footprint profiles of 8 electronics manufacturing and computer services sectors. The results show that there are significant variations in the portions of total analyzed footprint captured by each footprint Scope among this sector group. Most of the footprints for the electronics manufacturing sectors do not come from their Scope 1 emissions, but from the embodied emissions in the supplies of parts, components, chemicals, and materials. Purchases of food, air transportation, and hotel accommodation from employees traveling to customer locations are found to be the largest sources of upstream Scope 3 footprint for computer system design services sector. The results presented in this work are intended to inform footprinting entities and companies of the potential Scope 3 subcategories to focus their footprint efforts.", "proceedingsTitle": "IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology, 2009. ISSST '09", "conferenceName": "IEEE International Symposium on Sustainable Systems and Technology, 2009. ISSST '09", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2009", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "1-6", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "10.1109/ISSST.2009.5156679", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "IEEE Xplore", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T16:19:41Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T16:19:41Z" } } ]