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- Mayo Clinic", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/kidney-disease/expert-answers/renal-diet/faq-20058205", "accessDate": "2014-09-16T09:14:25Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "ingles", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-16T14:28:41Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-16T14:28:41Z" } }, { "key": "ETVUSRBQ", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/ETVUSRBQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/ETVUSRBQ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ETVUSRBQ", "version": 3, "itemType": "webpage", "title": "Qué es la insuficiencia renal.DMedicina.com", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "websiteTitle": "", "websiteType": "", "date": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.dmedicina.com/enfermedades/urologicas/actualidad/que-es-la-insuficiencia-renal", "accessDate": "2014-09-16T09:20:14Z", "shortTitle": "", "language": "ingles", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-16T14:27:34Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-16T14:27:34Z" } }, { "key": "Z3DQ47V5", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/Z3DQ47V5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/Z3DQ47V5", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/RR5M4NWN", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "Z3DQ47V5", "version": 2, "parentItem": "RR5M4NWN", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25177583", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z" } }, { "key": "RR5M4NWN", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/RR5M4NWN", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/RR5M4NWN", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rizwan et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RR5M4NWN", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Temporal dimension in reference standard misclassification - a concept note", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. A.", "lastName": "Rizwan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Baridalyne", "lastName": "Nongkynrih" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. Lena", "lastName": "Charlette" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anand", "lastName": "Krishnan" } ], "abstractNote": "In situations of diagnostic tests studies where the gold standard (GS) test is not absolutely perfect, validity measures of index tests vary in subgroups with varying disease prevalence. This is called reference standard misclassification. Although this is widely known, little is explained about the variations in the performance of index tests when the validity of the GS test itself varies with the time duration of illness. This article attempts to expand the concept of reference standard misclassification specifically on the effect of time dependence of diagnostic tests. A brief literature review is also presented which documents the existent knowledge among researchers about the concept and the methods they usually employ to adjust. A list of solutions which can address the issue has also been discussed to enable researchers to design and analyse diagnostic test studies in better ways.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of clinical and diagnostic research: JCDR", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jul 2014", "volume": "8", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "JE01-05", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J Clin Diagn Res", "DOI": "10.7860/JCDR/2014/8270.4571", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2249-782X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25177583 \nPMCID: PMC4149089", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z" } }, { "key": "2ISEWESK", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/2ISEWESK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/2ISEWESK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Begum et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2ISEWESK", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Comparison between Azithromycin and Cefixime in the Treatment of Typhoid Fever in Children", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B.", "lastName": "Begum" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A.", "lastName": "Haque" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. S.", "lastName": "Ahmed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. N.", "lastName": "Islam" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. M.", "lastName": "Ahsan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. H.", "lastName": "Khan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. M.", "lastName": "Hasan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M.", "lastName": "Akhtaruzzaman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A.", "lastName": "Hossain" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M. A.", "lastName": "Khaleque" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. M.", "lastName": "Choudhury" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A. A.", "lastName": "Khatun" } ], "abstractNote": "An intervention study was carried out in the department of paediatrics of Mymensingh Medical College Hospital, Mymensingh to compare the clinical efficacy of Azithromycin in the treatment of childhood typhoid fever with that of cefixime for a period of one year from January 2011 to December 2011. A total of 60 cases of typhoid fever were enrolled in to a randomized clinical trial and was divided into two groups. The inclusion criteria of the cases were: Documented fever for more than 4 days plus two or more of the following clinical features: toxic physical appearance, intestinal complaints, coated tongue, ceacal gurgling, hepatomegaly and splenomegaly, diarrhoea and constipation plus positive Widal test and/or blood culture positivity. Patients who had complication like GIT heamorrhage; intestinal perforaion and/or shock were excluded from the study. Data were collected in a structured questionnaire. Azithromycin was given at a dose of 10mg/kg/day for a period of 07 days Cefixime was given at a dose of 20mg/kg/day in two divided dose for 14 days. The mean time of defervesence was 4.05+1.14 days with azithromycin and 3.41+0.95 with cefixime respectively. The minimum defervesence time was 02 days and maximum defervesence time was 07 days. Clinical cure rate was 87% in azithromycin group and 93% in cefixime group. No serious adverse effect was noted related to azithromycin and cefixime therapy except nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and jaundice. It was found that azithromycin is almost as effective as cefixime in the treatment of typhoid fever.", "publicationTitle": "Mymensingh medical journal: MMJ", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jul 2014", "volume": "23", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "441-448", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Mymensingh Med J", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1022-4742", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25178594", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z" } }, { "key": "A8DJUG68", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/A8DJUG68", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/A8DJUG68", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/U45S6GM7", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "A8DJUG68", "version": 2, "parentItem": "U45S6GM7", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25173426", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z" } }, { "key": "289HBGV3", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/289HBGV3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/289HBGV3", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/2ISEWESK", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "289HBGV3", "version": 2, "parentItem": "2ISEWESK", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25178594", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z" } }, { "key": "U45S6GM7", "version": 2, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 286341, "name": "INFORMATICA 2 USMP VERITAS", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/286341/items/U45S6GM7", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/informatica_2_usmp_veritas/items/U45S6GM7", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2057455, "username": "juanrm9620", "name": "Juan", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/juanrm9620", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Dworkin et al.", "parsedDate": "2014-08-28", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "U45S6GM7", "version": 2, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Burden of typhoid fever in Sulaimania, Iraqi Kurdistan", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jonathan", "lastName": "Dworkin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rebeen", "lastName": "Saeed" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hawar", "lastName": "Mykhan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Shwan", "lastName": "Kanan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Dlawer", "lastName": "Farhad" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kocher Omer", "lastName": "Ali" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Runak", "lastName": "Hawrami" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Palardy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marguerite A.", "lastName": "Neill" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Typhoid fever imposes a high disease burden worldwide, but resource limitations mean that the burden of typhoid fever in many countries is poorly understood.\nMETHODS: The authors conducted a prospective surveillance study at the adult and pediatric teaching hospitals in Sulaimania, Iraqi Kurdistan. All patients presenting with an undifferentiated febrile illness consistent with typhoid were eligible for enrollment. Enrolled patients had blood cultures and Brucella serologies performed. Incidence was calculated with reference to census data.\nRESULTS: Both typhoid fever and brucellosis were common, and the incidence of typhoid fever was 21 cases/100 000 patient-years. Classic disease symptoms were uncommonly observed.\nDISCUSSION: Cost-effective surveillance projects to calculate disease burden of typhoid fever are practical and replicable. Typhoid has successfully adapted to the healthcare environment in Sulaimania. Additional work in the region should focus on antibiotic resistance and other enteric pathogens such as Brucella spp.", "publicationTitle": "International journal of infectious diseases: IJID: official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Aug 28, 2014", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Int. J. Infect. Dis.", "DOI": "10.1016/j.ijid.2014.07.005", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1878-3511", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "ENG", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 25173426", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-09T14:32:46Z" } } ]