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            "title": "Crizotinib exhibits antitumor activity by targeting ALK signaling not c-MET in pancreatic cancer",
            "creators": [
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Hong Hua",
                    "lastName": "Yan"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Kyung Hee",
                    "lastName": "Jung"
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                    "firstName": "Mi Kwon",
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                    "firstName": "Zhenghuan",
                    "lastName": "Fang"
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                    "firstName": "Soo Jung",
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                    "firstName": "Ye-Lim",
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                    "lastName": "Kim"
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                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Soon-Sun",
                    "lastName": "Hong"
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            ],
            "abstractNote": "Crizotinib, a c-MET/ALK inhibitor, has exhibited antitumor efficacy in different types of cancers. However, studies regarding Crizotinib in pancreatic cancer have been limited. Thus, we investigated the effect of Crizotinib on pancreatic cancer and its mechanism of action. Crizotinib strongly suppressed the growth and proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner. Also, it induced apoptosis by modulating its related factors. In the study, with regard to the mechanism of action, Crizotinib did not inhibit c-MET expression on pancreatic cancer cells; instead, it specifically inhibited the activity of ALK, which was identified to be highly expressed on various pancreatic cancer cells and tissues in our study. In 42 different receptor tyrosine kinase (RTKs) array, Crizotinib also strongly inhibited the expression of activated ALK in pancreatic cancer cells, modulating its downstream mediators such as STAT3, AKT, and ERK. Furthermore, Crizotinib inhibited angiogenesis in a mouse Matrigel plug assay as well as the progression of tumor growth in a mouse xenograft model. Taken together, our investigation shows that Crizotinib inhibits the ALK signaling pathway in pancreatic cancer, resulting in cell growth/angiogenesis inhibition and apoptosis induction. We suggest that Crizotinib might be used as a novel therapeutic drug for treating pancreatic cancer.",
            "publicationTitle": "Oncotarget",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "Aug 23, 2014",
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            "issue": "",
            "section": "",
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            "title": "Maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase regulates pancreatic ductal, but not β-cell, regeneration",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Cheng-Ho",
                    "lastName": "Chung"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Amber",
                    "lastName": "Miller"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Andreas",
                    "lastName": "Panopoulos"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Ergeng",
                    "lastName": "Hao"
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                    "firstName": "Robert",
                    "lastName": "Margolis"
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                    "firstName": "Alexey",
                    "lastName": "Terskikh"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Fred",
                    "lastName": "Levine"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "The maternal embryonic leucine zipper kinase (MELK) is expressed in stem/progenitor cells in some adult tissues, where it has been implicated in diverse biological processes, including the control of cell proliferation. Here, we described studies on its role in adult pancreatic regeneration in response to injury induced by duct ligation and β-cell ablation. MELK expression was studied using transgenic mice expressing GFP under the control of the MELK promoter, and the role of MELK was studied using transgenic mice deleted in the MELK kinase domain. Pancreatic damage was initiated using duct ligation and chemical beta-cell ablation. By tracing MELK expression using a MELK promoter-GFP transgene, we determined that expression was extremely low in the normal pancreas. However, following duct ligation and β-cell ablation, it became highly expressed in pancreatic ductal cells while remaining weakly expressed in α-cells and β- cells. In a mutant mouse in which the MELK kinase domain was deleted, there was no effect on pancreatic development. There was no apparent effect on islet regeneration, either. However, following duct ligation there was a dramatic increase in the number of small ducts, but no change in the total number of duct cells or duct cell proliferation. In vitro studies indicated that this was likely due to a defect in cell migration. These results implicate MELK in the control of the response of the pancreas to injury, specifically controlling cell migration in normal and transformed pancreatic duct cells.",
            "publicationTitle": "Physiological Reports",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "Sep 1, 2014",
            "volume": "2",
            "issue": "9",
            "section": "",
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            "journalAbbreviation": "Physiol Rep",
            "DOI": "10.14814/phy2.12131",
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            "creatorSummary": "Gonzalez-Villasana et al.",
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            "title": "Bisphosphonates Inhibit Stellate Cell Activity and Enhance Antitumor Effects of Nanoparticle Albumin Bound-Paclitaxel in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma",
            "creators": [
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Vianey",
                    "lastName": "Gonzalez-Villasana"
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                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Cristian",
                    "lastName": "Rodriguez-Aguayo"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Thiruvengadam",
                    "lastName": "Arumugam"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Zobeida",
                    "lastName": "Cruz-Monserrate"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Enrique",
                    "lastName": "Fuentes-Mattei"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Defeng",
                    "lastName": "Deng"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Rosa F.",
                    "lastName": "Hwang"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Huamin",
                    "lastName": "Wang"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Cristina",
                    "lastName": "Ivan"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Raul Joshua",
                    "lastName": "Garza"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Evan",
                    "lastName": "Cohen"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Hui",
                    "lastName": "Gao"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Guillermo N.",
                    "lastName": "Armaiz-Pena"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Paloma Del C.",
                    "lastName": "Monroig-Bosque"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Bincy",
                    "lastName": "Philip"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Mohammed H.",
                    "lastName": "Rashed"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Burcu",
                    "lastName": "Aslan"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Mumin",
                    "lastName": "Alper Erdogan"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Yolanda",
                    "lastName": "Gutierrez-Puente"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Bulent",
                    "lastName": "Ozpolat"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "James M.",
                    "lastName": "Reuben"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Anil K.",
                    "lastName": "Sood"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Craig D.",
                    "lastName": "Logsdon"
                },
                {
                    "creatorType": "author",
                    "firstName": "Gabriel",
                    "lastName": "Lopez-Berestein"
                }
            ],
            "abstractNote": "Pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) have been recognized as the principal cells responsible for the production of fibrosis in PDAC. Recently PSCs have been noted to share characteristics with cells of monocyte-macrophage lineage (MML cells). Thus, we tested whether PSCs could be targeted with the nitrogen-containing bisphosphonates (NBPs) [pamidronate (Pam) or zoledronic acid (ZA)], which are potent MML cell inhibitors. In addition, we tested NBPs treatment combination with nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel) to enhance antitumor activity. In vitro we observed that PSCs possess -naphthyl butyrate esterase (ANBE) enzyme activity, a specific marker of MML cells. Moreover NBPs inhibited PSCs proliferation, activation, release of macrophage chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) and type I collagen expression. NBPs also induced PSC apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase. In vivo, NBPs inactivated PSCs; reduced fibrosis; inhibited tumor volume, tumor weight, peritoneal dissemination, angiogenesis, and cell proliferation; and increased apoptosis in an orthotopic murine model of PDAC. These in vivo antitumor effects were enhanced when NBPs were combined with nab-paclitaxel but not gemcitabine (Gem). Our study suggests that targeting PSCs and tumor cells with NBPs in combination with nab-paclitaxel may be a novel therapeutic approach to PDAC.",
            "publicationTitle": "Molecular Cancer Therapeutics",
            "publisher": "",
            "place": "",
            "date": "Sep 5, 2014",
            "volume": "",
            "issue": "",
            "section": "",
            "partNumber": "",
            "partTitle": "",
            "pages": "",
            "series": "",
            "seriesTitle": "",
            "seriesText": "",
            "journalAbbreviation": "Mol. Cancer Ther.",
            "DOI": "10.1158/1535-7163.MCT-14-0028",
            "citationKey": "",
            "url": "",
            "accessDate": "",
            "PMID": "",
            "PMCID": "",
            "ISSN": "1538-8514",
            "archive": "",
            "archiveLocation": "",
            "shortTitle": "",
            "language": "ENG",
            "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed",
            "callNumber": "",
            "rights": "",
            "extra": "PMID: 25193509",
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            "dateAdded": "2014-09-08T18:10:37Z",
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