[ { "key": "JUDGM7CU", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/JUDGM7CU", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/JUDGM7CU", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Walker and Davies", "parsedDate": "2013-02-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JUDGM7CU", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The algorithmic origins of life", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sara Imari", "lastName": "Walker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul C. W.", "lastName": "Davies" } ], "abstractNote": "Although it has been notoriously difficult to pin down precisely what is it that makes life so distinctive and remarkable, there is general agreement that its informational aspect is one key property, perhaps the key property. The unique informational narrative of living systems suggests that life may be characterized by context-dependent causal influences, and, in particular, that top-down (or downward) causation—where higher levels influence and constrain the dynamics of lower levels in organizational hierarchies—may be a major contributor to the hierarchal structure of living systems. Here, we propose that the emergence of life may correspond to a physical transition associated with a shift in the causal structure, where information gains direct and context-dependent causal efficacy over the matter in which it is instantiated. Such a transition may be akin to more traditional physical transitions (e.g. thermodynamic phase transitions), with the crucial distinction that determining which phase (non-life or life) a given system is in requires dynamical information and therefore can only be inferred by identifying causal architecture. We discuss some novel research directions based on this hypothesis, including potential measures of such a transition that may be amenable to laboratory study, and how the proposed mechanism corresponds to the onset of the unique mode of (algorithmic) information processing characteristic of living systems.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of The Royal Society Interface", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "02/06/2013", "volume": "10", "issue": "79", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "20120869", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "J. R. Soc. Interface", "DOI": "10.1098/rsif.2012.0869", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/10/79/20120869", "accessDate": "2013-10-22T20:48:03Z", "PMID": "23235265", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1742-5689, 1742-5662", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "rsif.royalsocietypublishing.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1" }, { "tag": "astrobiology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "emergence", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "origins of life", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "top-down causation", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "ASA4CFMS", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/ASA4CFMS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/ASA4CFMS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wolkenhauer", "parsedDate": "2001-09-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ASA4CFMS", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Systems biology: The reincarnation of systems theory applied in biology?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Olaf", "lastName": "Wolkenhauer" } ], "abstractNote": "With the availability of quantitative data on the transcriptome and proteome level, there is an increasing interest in formal mathematical models of gene expression and regulation. International conferences, research institutes and research groups concerned with systems biology have appeared in recent years and systems theory, the study of organisation and behaviour per se, is indeed a natural conceptual framework for such a task. This is, however, not the first time that systems theory has been applied in modelling cellular processes. Notably in the 1960s systems theory and biology enjoyed considerable interest among eminent scientists, mathematicians and engineers. Why did these early attempts vanish from research agendas? Here we shall review the domain of systems theory, its application to biology and the lessons that can be learned from the work of Robert Rosen. Rosen emerged from the early developments in the 1960s as a main critic but also developed a new alternative perspective to living systems, a concept that deserves a fresh look in the post-genome era of bioinformatics.", "publicationTitle": "Briefings in Bioinformatics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/01/2001", "volume": "2", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "258-270", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Brief Bioinform", "DOI": "10.1093/bib/2.3.258", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://bib.oxfordjournals.org/content/2/3/258", "accessDate": "2013-10-23T00:37:52Z", "PMID": "11589586", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1467-5463, 1477-4054", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Systems biology", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "bib.oxfordjournals.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "(M,R)-systems", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "1" }, { "tag": "causality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "genomics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "linear systems theory", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "relational biology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "systems biology", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "7P5HJZIA", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/7P5HJZIA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/7P5HJZIA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hardin", "parsedDate": "1968-12-13", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "7P5HJZIA", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Tragedy of the Commons", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Garrett", "lastName": "Hardin" } ], "abstractNote": "The population problem has no technical solution; it requires a fundamental extension in morality.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "12/13/1968", "volume": "162", "issue": "3859", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1243-1248", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science", "DOI": "10.1126/science.162.3859.1243", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/162/3859/1243", "accessDate": "2013-07-05T15:49:13Z", "PMID": "17756331", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.sciencemag.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "QBQ7INU6", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/QBQ7INU6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/QBQ7INU6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Disler et al.", "parsedDate": "1975", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "QBQ7INU6", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The mechanism of the inhibition of iron absorption by tea", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P B", "lastName": "Disler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S R", "lastName": "Lynch" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J D", "lastName": "Torrance" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M H", "lastName": "Sayers" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T H", "lastName": "Bothwell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R W", "lastName": "Charlton" } ], "abstractNote": "Previous human studies have shown that drinking tea during meals significantly inhibits the absorption of both food iron and medicinal iron. This study provides evidence from experiments with rats that the tannins in the tea are responsible for the inhibition, probably by forming non-absorbable complexes with the iron within the intestinal lumen. The molar ratio of tannin: iron is dependent on the pH, being 1:1 at pH 2,0 2:1 at pH 5,5 and 3:1 at pH 8,0. Since tannins are present in many vegetable foods the formation of such complexes may be a factor in the poor availability for absorption of much food iron.", "publicationTitle": "The South African journal of medical sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1975", "volume": "40", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "109-116", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "S Afr J Med Sci", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "1862", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0038-2310", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Chemical Phenomena", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Chemistry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Depression, Chemical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Intestinal Absorption", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Iron", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Molecular Weight", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tannins", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Tea", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "R8JJE2BX", "version": 8, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/R8JJE2BX", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/R8JJE2BX", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Wells et al.", "parsedDate": "2001-08-28", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "R8JJE2BX", "version": 8, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Eurasian Heartland: A continental perspective on Y-chromosome diversity", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R. Spencer", "lastName": "Wells" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nadira", "lastName": "Yuldasheva" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ruslan", "lastName": "Ruzibakiev" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter A.", "lastName": "Underhill" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Irina", "lastName": "Evseeva" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jason", "lastName": "Blue-Smith" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Li", "lastName": "Jin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bing", "lastName": "Su" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ramasamy", "lastName": "Pitchappan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sadagopal", "lastName": "Shanmugalakshmi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Karuppiah", "lastName": "Balakrishnan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark", "lastName": "Read" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nathaniel M.", "lastName": "Pearson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tatiana", "lastName": "Zerjal" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthew T.", "lastName": "Webster" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Irakli", "lastName": "Zholoshvili" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elena", "lastName": "Jamarjashvili" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Spartak", "lastName": "Gambarov" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Behrouz", "lastName": "Nikbin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ashur", "lastName": "Dostiev" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ogonazar", "lastName": "Aknazarov" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Pierre", "lastName": "Zalloua" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Igor", "lastName": "Tsoy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mikhail", "lastName": "Kitaev" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mirsaid", "lastName": "Mirrakhimov" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ashir", "lastName": "Chariev" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Walter F.", "lastName": "Bodmer" } ], "abstractNote": "The nonrecombining portion of the human Y chromosome has proven to be a valuable tool for the study of population history. The maintenance of extended haplotypes characteristic of particular geographic regions, despite extensive admixture, allows complex demographic events to be deconstructed. In this study we report the frequencies of 23 Y-chromosome biallelic polymorphism haplotypes in 1,935 men from 49 Eurasian populations, with a particular focus on Central Asia. These haplotypes reveal traces of historical migrations, and provide an insight into the earliest patterns of settlement of anatomically modern humans on the Eurasian continent. Central Asia is revealed to be an important reservoir of genetic diversity, and the source of at least three major waves of migration leading into Europe, the Americas, and India. The genetic results are interpreted in the context of Eurasian linguistic patterns.\n\ngets 3000-1000BC for entry to india, but not seen in Iran -- small migration?\n\nassumes 3000 for dom of horse - means of migration", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2001-8-28", "volume": "98", "issue": "18", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "10244-10249", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.171305098", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC56946/", "accessDate": "2013-05-20T18:06:10Z", "PMID": "11526236", "PMCID": "PMC56946", "ISSN": "0027-8424", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "The Eurasian Heartland", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "2IVKZZHS", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/2IVKZZHS", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/2IVKZZHS", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Kates et al.", "parsedDate": "2001-04-27", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "2IVKZZHS", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sustainability Science", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert W.", "lastName": "Kates" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William C.", "lastName": "Clark" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert", "lastName": "Corell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J. Michael", "lastName": "Hall" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carlo C.", "lastName": "Jaeger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ian", "lastName": "Lowe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "James J.", "lastName": "McCarthy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hans Joachim", "lastName": "Schellnhuber" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bert", "lastName": "Bolin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nancy M.", "lastName": "Dickson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sylvie", "lastName": "Faucheux" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gilberto C.", "lastName": "Gallopin" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Arnulf", "lastName": "Grübler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Brian", "lastName": "Huntley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jill", "lastName": "Jäger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Narpat S.", "lastName": "Jodha" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Roger E.", "lastName": "Kasperson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Akin", "lastName": "Mabogunje" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Pamela", "lastName": "Matson" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Harold", "lastName": "Mooney" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Berrien", "lastName": "Moore" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "O'Riordan" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Uno", "lastName": "Svedin" } ], "abstractNote": "Meeting fundamental human needs while preserving Earth's life support systems will require an accelerated transition toward sustainability. A new field of sustainability science is emerging that seeks to understand the fundamental character of interactions between nature and society and to encourage those interactions along more sustainable trajectories. Such an integrated, place-based science will require new research strategies and institutional innovations to enable them especially in developing countries still separated by deepening divides from mainstream science. Sustainability science needs to be widely discussed in the scientific community, reconnected to the political agenda for sustainable development, and become a major focus for research.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "04/27/2001", "volume": "292", "issue": "5517", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "641-642", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science", "DOI": "10.1126/science.1059386", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/292/5517/641", "accessDate": "2014-07-03T17:29:33Z", "PMID": "11330321", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.sciencemag.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "JA36JHRA", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/JA36JHRA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/JA36JHRA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Schultz et al.", "parsedDate": "2008-06", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JA36JHRA", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Surgical approaches for cesarean section in cattle", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Loren G", "lastName": "Schultz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jeff W", "lastName": "Tyler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H David", "lastName": "Moll" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gheorghe M", "lastName": "Constantinescu" } ], "abstractNote": "Bovine practitioners are often presented with dystocias that require a cesarean section. Many practitioners perform this surgery using the same approach each time due to their comfort with one specific approach or lack of familiarity of other available options. The goal of this article is to explain the advantages, disadvantages, and indications for each of the different approaches to aid the practitioner in achieving better surgical success rate.", "publicationTitle": "The Canadian veterinary journal. La revue vétérinaire canadienne", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jun 2008", "volume": "49", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "565-568", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Can. Vet. J.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "18624065", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0008-5286", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cattle", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cesarean Section", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Postoperative Complications", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pregnancy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pregnancy Outcome", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Risk Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Safety", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Surgery, Veterinary", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Veterinary Medicine", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "JBT945J4", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/JBT945J4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/JBT945J4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Harte et al.", "parsedDate": "1999-04-09", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JBT945J4", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Self-Similarity in the Distribution and Abundance of Species", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Harte" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ann", "lastName": "Kinzig" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jessica", "lastName": "Green" } ], "abstractNote": "If the fraction of species in area A that are also found in one-half of that area is independent of A, the distribution of species is self-similar and a number of observed patterns in ecology, including the widely cited species-area relationship connecting species richness to censused area, follow. Self-similarity also leads to a species-abundance distribution, which deviates considerably from the commonly assumed lognormal distribution and predicts considerably more rare species than the latter. Because the abundance distribution is derived under the condition of self-similarity, it may be widely applicable beyond ecology.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "04/09/1999", "volume": "284", "issue": "5412", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "334-336", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science", "DOI": "10.1126/science.284.5412.334", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/284/5412/334", "accessDate": "2013-10-22T23:04:59Z", "PMID": "10195901", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.sciencemag.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "XD2CRIXG", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/XD2CRIXG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/XD2CRIXG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ehrlich et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-06-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "XD2CRIXG", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Securing natural capital and expanding equity to rescale civilization", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul R", "lastName": "Ehrlich" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter M", "lastName": "Kareiva" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gretchen C", "lastName": "Daily" } ], "abstractNote": "In biophysical terms, humanity has never been moving faster nor further from sustainability than it is now. Our increasing population size and per capita impacts are severely testing the ability of Earth to provide for peoples' most basic needs. Awareness of these circumstances has grown tremendously, as has the sophistication of efforts to address them. But the complexity of the challenge remains daunting. We explore prospects for transformative change in three critical areas of sustainable development: achieving a sustainable population size and securing vital natural capital, both in part through reducing inequity, and strengthening the societal leadership of academia.", "publicationTitle": "Nature", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Jun 7, 2012", "volume": "486", "issue": "7401", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "68-73", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Nature", "DOI": "10.1038/nature11157", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "22678281", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1476-4687", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1" }, { "tag": "Conservation of Natural Resources", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Ecosystem", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Environmental Policy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Leadership", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Population Dynamics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Poverty", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sex Factors", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "BSJBS43I", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/BSJBS43I", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/BSJBS43I", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lambros and Bacchi", "parsedDate": "1976-02-09", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "BSJBS43I", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Properties of a purified NAD-linked alpha-glycerophosphate dehydrogenase from Leptomonas sp.; activation by polyamines", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C", "lastName": "Lambros" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C J", "lastName": "Bacchi" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Biochemical and biophysical research communications", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Feb 9, 1976", "volume": "68", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "658-667", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "4065", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0006-291X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cations Divalent" }, { "tag": "Drug Stability", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Enzyme Activation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Glycerolphosphate Dehydrogenase", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hydrogen-Ion Concentration", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Magnesium", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Molecular Weight", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "NAD", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Polyamines", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Trypanosoma", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "W4M4KSCE", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/W4M4KSCE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/W4M4KSCE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Forster et al.", "parsedDate": "2012-11-13", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "W4M4KSCE", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Origins of the domestic horse", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter", "lastName": "Forster" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Matthew E.", "lastName": "Hurles" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Jansen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marsha", "lastName": "Levine" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Colin", "lastName": "Renfrew" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "11/13/2012", "volume": "109", "issue": "46", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "E3148-E3148", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.1210326109", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/109/46/E3148", "accessDate": "2013-05-09T03:54:48Z", "PMID": "23064643", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "EUM9KBGK", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/EUM9KBGK", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/EUM9KBGK", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "E", "parsedDate": "2003-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "EUM9KBGK", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "NMR evidence of a supramolecular structure of water.", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tiezzi", "lastName": "E" } ], "abstractNote": "Abstract: The hypothesis advanced in this paper is based on the formation of dissipative structures, in the form of supramolecular structures of water, by...", "publicationTitle": "Annali di chimica", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2003/04", "volume": "93", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "471-476", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Ann Chim", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://europepmc.org/abstract/med/12817648", "accessDate": "2014-07-10T19:13:08Z", "PMID": "12817648", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0003-4592", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "europepmc.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Chemical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "info:mesh/Hydrogen Bonding", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "info:mesh/Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "info:mesh/Models", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "info:mesh/Water", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "NA7NJ4UZ", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/NA7NJ4UZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/NA7NJ4UZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Clark and Dickson", "parsedDate": "2003-07-08", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "NA7NJ4UZ", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Sustainability science: The emerging research program", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William C.", "lastName": "Clark" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nancy M.", "lastName": "Dickson" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "07/08/2003", "volume": "100", "issue": "14", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "8059-8061", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.1231333100", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/100/14/8059", "accessDate": "2014-07-03T17:25:45Z", "PMID": "12794187", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Sustainability science", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "AIMIIZ25", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/AIMIIZ25", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/AIMIIZ25", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Stirling", "parsedDate": "2007-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "AIMIIZ25", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Risk, precaution and science: towards a more constructive policy debate. Talking point on the precautionary principle", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Andrew", "lastName": "Stirling" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "EMBO Reports", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2007-04", "volume": "8", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "309-315", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "EMBO Rep", "DOI": "10.1038/sj.embor.7400953", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1852772/", "accessDate": "2014-08-14T20:09:19Z", "PMID": "17401403", "PMCID": "PMC1852772", "ISSN": "1469-221X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Risk, precaution and science", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "PubMed Central", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "SESL-W1" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "AHRB67U4", "version": 7, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/AHRB67U4", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/AHRB67U4", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Beddoe et al.", "parsedDate": "2009-02-24", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "AHRB67U4", "version": 7, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Overcoming systemic roadblocks to sustainability: The evolutionary redesign of worldviews, institutions, and technologies", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Rachael", "lastName": "Beddoe" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert", "lastName": "Costanza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Joshua", "lastName": "Farley" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Eric", "lastName": "Garza" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jennifer", "lastName": "Kent" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ida", "lastName": "Kubiszewski" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Luz", "lastName": "Martinez" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tracy", "lastName": "McCowen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kathleen", "lastName": "Murphy" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Norman", "lastName": "Myers" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zach", "lastName": "Ogden" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kevin", "lastName": "Stapleton" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "John", "lastName": "Woodward" } ], "abstractNote": "A high and sustainable quality of life is a central goal for humanity. Our current socio-ecological regime and its set of interconnected worldviews, institutions, and technologies all support the goal of unlimited growth of material production and consumption as a proxy for quality of life. However, abundant evidence shows that, beyond a certain threshold, further material growth no longer significantly contributes to improvement in quality of life. Not only does further material growth not meet humanity's central goal, there is mounting evidence that it creates significant roadblocks to sustainability through increasing resource constraints (i.e., peak oil, water limitations) and sink constraints (i.e., climate disruption). Overcoming these roadblocks and creating a sustainable and desirable future will require an integrated, systems level redesign of our socio-ecological regime focused explicitly and directly on the goal of sustainable quality of life rather than the proxy of unlimited material growth. This transition, like all cultural transitions, will occur through an evolutionary process, but one that we, to a certain extent, can control and direct. We suggest an integrated set of worldviews, institutions, and technologies to stimulate and seed this evolutionary redesign of the current socio-ecological regime to achieve global sustainability.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "02/24/2009", "volume": "106", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "2483-2489", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0812570106", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/106/8/2483", "accessDate": "2014-11-04T20:39:34Z", "PMID": "19240221", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Overcoming systemic roadblocks to sustainability", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Ecology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "cultural adaptation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "societal decline", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "IAAANWA5", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/IAAANWA5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/IAAANWA5", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Harris and Markl", "parsedDate": "2000", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IAAANWA5", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Keyhole limpet hemocyanin: molecular structure of a potent marine immunoactivator. A review", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J R", "lastName": "Harris" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J", "lastName": "Markl" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVES\n\nIn this short review we present a survey of the available biochemical and electron microscopic data on keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH).\n\n\nRESULTS\n\nThe biosynthesis of KLH and its biological role are discussed and the purification of the two isoforms of KLH (KLH1 and KLH2) presented in some detail. The determination of the molecular mass of KLH, its functional unit structure, carbohydrate content, immunological analysis and aspects of the molecular biology of KLH are all dealt with. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and crossed immunoelectrophoresis have played a significant part in the understanding of KLH structure. We present a summary of TEM studies on the native oligomers of KLH, the experimental manipulation of the different oligomeric states, immunological analysis and subunit reassociation.\n\n\nCONCLUSION\n\nThis fundamental structural information provides the scientific background upon which the understanding of the in vivo immunostimulatory function of KLH can be based.", "publicationTitle": "European urology", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2000", "volume": "37 Suppl 3", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "24-33", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Eur. Urol.", "DOI": "52389", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "10828684", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Keyhole limpet hemocyanin", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adjuvants, Immunologic", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Carbohydrates", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hemocyanin", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Microscopy, Electron", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Models, Chemical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Molecular Biology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Molecular Weight", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mollusca", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Protein Structure, Quaternary", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "RUI3ZC4N", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/RUI3ZC4N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/RUI3ZC4N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Harris et al.", "parsedDate": "1997-02", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "RUI3ZC4N", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), I: Reassociation from Immucothel followed by separation of KLH1 and KLH2", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J R", "lastName": "Harris" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "W", "lastName": "Gebauer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "F U", "lastName": "Guderian" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J", "lastName": "Markl" } ], "abstractNote": "Studies of keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH) normally require purification of functional complexes directly from living animals. An alternative procedure is described wherein a commercial preparation of KLH which is fully dissociated into its subunits (Immucothel, biosyn Arzneimittel GmbH) is reassociated in the presence of a high concentration of calcium and magnesium. The reassociation products, when observed by electron microscopy, consist of didecamers, multidecamers and flexible tubules of varying length. The two forms of KLH described previously and designated KLH1 and KLH2, are present in the reassociated mixture as homo-oligomers/polymers and can be separated by selective dissociation of the KLH2 by treatment with 1% ammonium molybdate-0.2% PEG at pH 5.7, followed by gel filtration chromatography in this solution. In addition to discrete elution peaks containing didecameric KLH1 and dissociated subunits of KLH2, a leading peak contains a tubular/polymeric form of KLH1, not previously described. Under negative staining in conditions designed specifically for the creation of 2-dimensional crystals on mica (the negative staining-carbon film procedure), this tubular form of KLH1 can be transformed into a larger diameter multidecameric form, again not previously described for KLH1. The purified KLH2 peak is indistinguishable from subunit material prepared from living animals. This, Immucothel appears to provide a standardized source of subunits suitable for biochemical and structural studies on the two types of KLH.", "publicationTitle": "Micron (Oxford, England: 1993)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Feb 1997", "volume": "28", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "31-41", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Micron", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "9232834", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0968-4328", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), I", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Chromatography, Gel", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Crystallization", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hemocyanin", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Indicators and Reagents", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Macromolecular Substances", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Microscopy, Electron", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mollusca", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "GX9V7Z3H", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/GX9V7Z3H", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/GX9V7Z3H", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Harris et al.", "parsedDate": "1997-02", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "GX9V7Z3H", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), II: Characteristic reassociation properties of purified KLH1 and KLH2", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J R", "lastName": "Harris" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "W", "lastName": "Gebauer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S M", "lastName": "Söhngen" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M V", "lastName": "Nermut" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J", "lastName": "Markl" } ], "abstractNote": "Subunits of the two types of keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH1 and KLH2), purified by gel filtration chromatography and preparative polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis from Immucothel, have been used for macromolecular reassociation studies. In-vitro reassociation has been achieved with a standardized system using a Tris-saline stabilizing buffer at pH 7.4 containing 100 mM calcium and magnesium chloride at 4 degrees C. The relatively slow progress of reassociation has been monitored and the varying oligomeric forms of KLH1 and KLH2 produced have been studied by transmission electron microscopy, using specimens negatively stained with 5% ammonium molybdate containing 1% trehalose. Specimens have also been prepared by platinum-carbon shadowing, following freeze-cleavage. The two hemocyanins reassociate to produce characteristic oligomeric and polymeric forms. Subunits of purified KLH1 reassociate to produce a small number of didecamers, short multidecamers (ca 33 nm diameter) and much larger quantity of a ca 25 nm diameter flexible/undulatory tubular form of varying length. These tubules exhibit characteristic oblique features, indicative of an 'open' helical structure which appears to be a loosly or incompletely annealed twisted ribbon of subunits. After a period of days the tubules aggregate in parallel to produce large paracrystalline bundles, which do not have a tendency to associate end-to-end. Following transfer of this reassociated KLH1 to low calcium magnesium stabilizing buffer, the tubular bundles are unstable; they slowly break down into shorter lengths, fragments, subunit groups and individual subunits, which subsequently regenerate decamers, didecamers, and some multidecamers. Subunits of purified KLH2 reassociate to produce ca 25 nm diameter 'closed' tubules, which do not exhibit the oblique 'open' features shown by the KLH1 tubules; however, the ends of the these 'closed' tubules are often oblique. In addition to the tubular form, KLH2 reassociation also generates a somewhat small proportion of ca 33 nm diameter multidecamers, often containing many decamers and more than one 'nucleating' didecamer. On transfer to low calcium magnesium stabilizing buffer the KLH2 tubules are remarkably stable, but the number of multidecamers slowly increases with time. There is a significant structural difference between the short KLH1 multidecamers (only detected following in-vitro reassociation) and those of KLH2 quite apart from their length. Study of the metal shadowed specimens confirmed the difference between the KLH1 and KLH2 tubular forms, with relatively smooth helical surface ridges and a rougher internal surface, indicating internalization of subunit domains that are not required for the construction of the tubular wall, in accord with current understanding of the subunit organization within the native molecules.", "publicationTitle": "Micron (Oxford, England: 1993)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Feb 1997", "volume": "28", "issue": "1", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "43-56", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Micron", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "9232835", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0968-4328", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Keyhole limpet hemocyanin (KLH), II", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Calcium Chloride", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Crystallization", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Freezing", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Hemocyanin", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Indicators and Reagents", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Macromolecular Substances", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Magnesium Chloride", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Molybdenum", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Protein Structure, Secondary", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "JQHHS2VZ", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/JQHHS2VZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/JQHHS2VZ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Enzel et al.", "parsedDate": "1999-04-02", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "JQHHS2VZ", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "High-Resolution Holocene Environmental Changes in the Thar Desert, Northwestern India", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Y.", "lastName": "Enzel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L. L.", "lastName": "Ely" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S.", "lastName": "Mishra" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Ramesh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Amit" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B.", "lastName": "Lazar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "S. N.", "lastName": "Rajaguru" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "V. R.", "lastName": "Baker" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A.", "lastName": "Sandler" } ], "abstractNote": "Sediments from Lunkaransar dry lake in northwestern India reveal regional water table and lake level fluctuations over decades to centuries during the Holocene that are attributed to changes in the southwestern Indian monsoon rains. The lake levels were very shallow and fluctuated often in the early Holocene and then rose abruptly around 6300 carbon-14 years before the present (14C yr B.P.). The lake completely desiccated around 4800 14C yr B.P. The end of this 1500-year wet period coincided with a period of intense dune destabilization. The major Harrapan-Indus civilization began and flourished in this region 1000 years after desiccation of the lake during arid climate and was not synchronous with the lacustral phase.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "04/02/1999", "volume": "284", "issue": "5411", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "125-128", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science", "DOI": "10.1126/science.284.5411.125", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/284/5411/125", "accessDate": "2013-05-09T18:10:55Z", "PMID": "10102808", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.sciencemag.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "J3HD5682", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/J3HD5682", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/J3HD5682", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Liu et al.", "parsedDate": "2007-09-14", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "J3HD5682", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Complexity of Coupled Human and Natural Systems", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jianguo", "lastName": "Liu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Thomas", "lastName": "Dietz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stephen R.", "lastName": "Carpenter" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Marina", "lastName": "Alberti" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Carl", "lastName": "Folke" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emilio", "lastName": "Moran" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Alice N.", "lastName": "Pell" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Peter", "lastName": "Deadman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Timothy", "lastName": "Kratz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jane", "lastName": "Lubchenco" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Elinor", "lastName": "Ostrom" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zhiyun", "lastName": "Ouyang" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William", "lastName": "Provencher" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Charles L.", "lastName": "Redman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Stephen H.", "lastName": "Schneider" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "William W.", "lastName": "Taylor" } ], "abstractNote": "Integrated studies of coupled human and natural systems reveal new and complex patterns and processes not evident when studied by social or natural scientists separately. Synthesis of six case studies from around the world shows that couplings between human and natural systems vary across space, time, and organizational units. They also exhibit nonlinear dynamics with thresholds, reciprocal feedback loops, time lags, resilience, heterogeneity, and surprises. Furthermore, past couplings have legacy effects on present conditions and future possibilities.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "09/14/2007", "volume": "317", "issue": "5844", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1513-1516", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Science", "DOI": "10.1126/science.1144004", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.sciencemag.org/content/317/5844/1513", "accessDate": "2014-09-10T18:02:06Z", "PMID": "17872436", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0036-8075, 1095-9203", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.sciencemag.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "IDEXRD5N", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/IDEXRD5N", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/IDEXRD5N", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Ehrlich and Ehrlich", "parsedDate": "2013-03-07", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "IDEXRD5N", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Can a collapse of global civilization be avoided?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul R.", "lastName": "Ehrlich" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anne H.", "lastName": "Ehrlich" } ], "abstractNote": "Environmental problems have contributed to numerous collapses of civilizations in the past. Now, for the first time, a global collapse appears likely. Overpopulation, overconsumption by the rich and poor choices of technologies are major drivers; dramatic cultural change provides the main hope of averting calamity.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "03/07/2013", "volume": "280", "issue": "1754", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "20122845", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Proc. R. Soc. B", "DOI": "10.1098/rspb.2012.2845", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/280/1754/20122845", "accessDate": "2014-11-04T18:50:52Z", "PMID": "23303549", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0962-8452, 1471-2954", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "agriculture", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "climate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "consumption", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "culture", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "population", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "KHII747P", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/KHII747P", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/KHII747P", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sahoo et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-01-24", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "KHII747P", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes: Evaluating demic diffusion scenarios", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sanghamitra", "lastName": "Sahoo" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Anamika", "lastName": "Singh" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G.", "lastName": "Himabindu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Jheelam", "lastName": "Banerjee" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "T.", "lastName": "Sitalaximi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sonali", "lastName": "Gaikwad" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R.", "lastName": "Trivedi" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Phillip", "lastName": "Endicott" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Toomas", "lastName": "Kivisild" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mait", "lastName": "Metspalu" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Villems" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "V. K.", "lastName": "Kashyap" } ], "abstractNote": "Understanding the genetic origins and demographic history of Indian populations is important both for questions concerning the early settlement of Eurasia and more recent events, including the appearance of Indo-Aryan languages and settled agriculture in the subcontinent. Although there is general agreement that Indian caste and tribal populations share a common late Pleistocene maternal ancestry in India, some studies of the Y-chromosome markers have suggested a recent, substantial incursion from Central or West Eurasia. To investigate the origin of paternal lineages of Indian populations, 936 Y chromosomes, representing 32 tribal and 45 caste groups from all four major linguistic groups of India, were analyzed for 38 single-nucleotide polymorphic markers. Phylogeography of the major Y-chromosomal haplogroups in India, genetic distance, and admixture analyses all indicate that the recent external contribution to Dravidian- and Hindi-speaking caste groups has been low. The sharing of some Y-chromosomal haplogroups between Indian and Central Asian populations is most parsimoniously explained by a deep, common ancestry between the two regions, with diffusion of some Indian-specific lineages northward. The Y-chromosomal data consistently suggest a largely South Asian origin for Indian caste communities and therefore argue against any major influx, from regions north and west of India, of people associated either with the development of agriculture or the spread of the Indo-Aryan language family. The dyadic Y-chromosome composition of Tibeto-Burman speakers of India, however, can be attributed to a recent demographic process, which appears to have absorbed and overlain populations who previously spoke Austro-Asiatic languages.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "01/24/2006", "volume": "103", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "843-848", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.0507714103", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/103/4/843", "accessDate": "2014-05-12T22:42:57Z", "PMID": "16415161", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "A prehistory of Indian Y chromosomes", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "India", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "agriculture", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "genetic origins", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "paternal lineages", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "H638HR2M", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/H638HR2M", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/H638HR2M", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Damon et al.", "parsedDate": "1993-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "H638HR2M", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "A micropipette which allows in situ perfusion of arterioles and capillaries", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "D N", "lastName": "Damon" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "M", "lastName": "Keller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "J E", "lastName": "Gretz" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "B R", "lastName": "Duling" } ], "abstractNote": "In order to investigate capillary physiology, a glass micropipette system was developed that allowed in situ perfusion of microvessels as well as rapid changes of perfusion solutions. Theta tube (WPI, Inc.; 1.5-mm o.d. glass stock capillary tubing which is divided into two hemicylindrical sides by a central glass septum) was pulled to a smaller diameter of approx 300-600 microns and inserted into the shank of a sharpened cannulating micropipette tip constructed from large-bore glass stock (1.6 mm i.d.). The resulting dead volume between the end of the Theta supply tube and the tip of the outer cannulating tip was approximately 90 nl. The perfusate was driven in a circuit from a pressurized feed reservoir down one side of the Theta supply tube pipette and back through the second side into a reservoir maintained at a lower pressure. The pressure gradient between the two reservoirs established a high-volume flow rate and subsequently a short perfusate transit time from the feed to the collection reservoir. The average pressure in the two reservoirs determined the pressure which drove the perfusate from the cannulating tip. At normal pressures and flows, the time required to change perfusion fluid composition at the pipette tip was less than 1 min, and discharge hematocrit of a red blood cell suspension was indistinguishable from the hematocrit measured in the feed reservoir.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)", "publicationTitle": "Microvascular research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar 1993", "volume": "45", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "149-157", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Microvasc. Res.", "DOI": "10.1006/mvre.1993.1014", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "8361398", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0026-2862", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Arterioles", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Capillaries", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Equipment Design", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Micromanipulation", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Perfusion", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "N5I9TX9C", "version": 6, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/N5I9TX9C", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/N5I9TX9C", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Sun and Ren", "parsedDate": "2011-03", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "N5I9TX9C", "version": 6, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "[Ecological memory and its potential applications in ecology: a review]", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Zhong-yu", "lastName": "Sun" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Hai", "lastName": "Ren" } ], "abstractNote": "Ecological memory (EM) is defined as the capability of the past states or experiences of a community to influence the present or future ecological responses of the community. As a relatively new concept, EM has received considerable attention in the study of ecosystem structure and function, such as community succession, ecological restoration, biological invasion, and natural resource management. This review summarized the definition, components, and categories of EM, and discussed the possible mechanisms and affecting factors of EM. Also, the potential applications of EM were proposed, in order to further understand the mechanisms of community succession and to guide ecological restoration.", "publicationTitle": "Ying yong sheng tai xue bao = The journal of applied ecology / Zhongguo sheng tai xue xue hui, Zhongguo ke xue yuan Shenyang ying yong sheng tai yan jiu suo zhu ban", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Mar 2011", "volume": "22", "issue": "3", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "549-555", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Ying Yong Sheng Tai Xue Bao", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "21657006", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1001-9332", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "[Ecological memory and its potential applications in ecology", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "1" }, { "tag": "Conservation of Natural Resources", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Ecology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Ecosystem", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Geography", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-12-11T20:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "S3HRA27X", "version": 4, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 279941, "name": "SESL", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/S3HRA27X", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/sesl/items/S3HRA27X", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/279941/items/F8N3PAHH", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1769407, "username": "JJKineman", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jjkineman", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "S3HRA27X", "version": 4, "parentItem": "F8N3PAHH", "itemType": "note", "note": "

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