[ { "key": "CPBRN92F", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/CPBRN92F", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/CPBRN92F", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1014164, "username": "victoriastodden", "name": "Victoria Stodden", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/victoriastodden", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "CPBRN92F", "version": 159, "itemType": "report", "title": "BIG DATA: SEIZING OPPORTUNITIES, PRESERVING VALUES", "creators": [], "abstractNote": "", "reportNumber": "", "reportType": "", "institution": "", "place": "", "date": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesNumber": "", "pages": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.whitehouse.gov/sites/default/files/docs/big_data_privacy_report_may_1_2014.pdf", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [ "8HDKAVGC" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-27T20:18:08Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-27T20:18:08Z" } }, { "key": "AVICC2VP", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/AVICC2VP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/AVICC2VP", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/2INR68AI", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AVICC2VP", "version": 159, "parentItem": "2INR68AI", "itemType": "note", "note": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-10-07T13:18:38Z", "dateModified": "2014-10-07T13:18:38Z" } }, { "key": "UU3HRXXM", "version": 142, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/UU3HRXXM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/UU3HRXXM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "UNK", "parsedDate": "2011-12-29", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "UU3HRXXM", "version": 142, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Our New Year's wish: Public policy that is based on evidence", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "UNK" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) As we anticipate the beginning of a new year, we think of ways to make the next year better than the current one. So we make lists - lists of resolutions that typically involve changes to our behaviour, and wish lists that usually concern changes to others' behaviour, especially that of governments.\nAnd so the wish list often includes wishes that our governments be more responsive to our concerns, that they do a bet- ter job of representing us. Yet while it is true that democratic governments must represent the people, it's also important that they do so responsibly. And that means they must advocate for, and implement, policies that are likely to be both effective and cost-effective. In other words, they must be committed to evidence-based policy.\nThat's easier said than done, of course, but it's not impossible. In most fields in which governments legislate - health care, the environment, justice - a wealth of evidence exists about the likely effects of various policies and the likely costs associated with them.", "publicationTitle": "The Vancouver Sun", "publisher": "", "place": "British Columbia", "date": "December 29, 2011", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "Final C. Edition", "section": "Editorial", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, and Partisanship" }, { "tag": "Press Article" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-23T18:38:39Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-23T18:38:39Z" } }, { "key": "FRZ53JWG", "version": 128, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/FRZ53JWG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/FRZ53JWG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hugelier", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FRZ53JWG", "version": 128, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "A legal roadmap to Open Scientific Data", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sara", "lastName": "Hugelier" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro)In our current ‘information economy’, knowledge is a source of competitive advantage. Researchers, research institutions and the general public depend on the wide dissemination of innovative ideas. Depending on the novelty of this idea and the reputation of the source of circulation, this knowledge will be picked up and in turn accelerate further scientific discoveries. When these scientific findings are taken up by the industry, boundless opportunities exist for further research and the development of new applications and products. Ultimately, the wide dissemination will not only accelerate economic growth but it will also spur our understanding of society.", "proceedingsTitle": "2nd International Research Forum on Law and ICT/IP", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "Gottingen, Germany", "date": "", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Intellectual Property" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T14:58:14Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-19T19:11:53Z" } }, { "key": "5WPMWQNE", "version": 123, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/5WPMWQNE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/5WPMWQNE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Henderson", "parsedDate": "2011-11-03", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "5WPMWQNE", "version": 123, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Politicians scared to pursue evidence-based policies have much to learn from scientists", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark", "lastName": "Henderson" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) The times he late Peter Falk never won an Oscar for his acting but, in 1978, he narrated an Academy Award-winning documentary. It told the story of young offenders who received experimental sentences. Instead of going to jail, they had merely to visit, to meet violent inmates. The goal was explained in the film's title: Scared Straight!\nSimilar schemes were started around the world. The logic seemed impeccable and the anecdotes were compelling: only one of the teenagers featured in Scared Straight! was later convicted of a serious crime. Yet only in 2002 were these programmes properly evaluated. The evidence was clear. The schemes failed to prevent reoffending and participants became more likely to commit crimes.\nScared Straight was a scandalous failure but not because it failed. As scientists understand, there is no shame in a hy- pothesis that cannot withstand contact with the evidence. The problem was not that the policy was an experiment but that its architects never recognised it as one.\nSuch episodes are regrettably common in government. When academics promote evidence-based policy, politicians often point out, correctly, that good evidence isn't always available before initiatives are introduced. But that is no ex- cuse for failing to collect it afterwards.", "publicationTitle": "The Times", "publisher": "", "place": "United Kingdom", "date": "November 3, 2011", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "National Edition", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Health" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, Partisanship" }, { "tag": "Press Article" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:31:54Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:31:54Z" } }, { "key": "VGXH2WR3", "version": 122, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/VGXH2WR3", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/VGXH2WR3", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McDaniel", "parsedDate": "2012-10-28", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "VGXH2WR3", "version": 122, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Bad numbers and good governance don't add up", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Susan", "lastName": "McDaniel" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) How to lie with statistics is a popular phrase that went viral before going viral became a concept. Truth is, lying, or at least misrepresenting, is made easier when there are fewer statistics. Machiavelli understood this well, as do his modern political offspring - much to our peril as citizens.\nTime was, back before 2006 when the current federal government came to power, that evidence-based policy-making, as well as evidence-based practice in medicine, nursing, law, management and most other endeavours, was the guiding principle. It's simple really: Try to base policy and practice on what we know about the problem at hand and what we know about what works to solve it. No point prescribing something in medicine or policy for a problem that is disap- pearing on its own, for example, or prescribing something that makes a problem worse.\nEven as a minority government, the Harper Conservatives gave little welcome to evidence, scientific or statistical. In July 2010, before the majority, the long-form census hit the dustbin.", "publicationTitle": "Toronto Star", "publisher": "", "place": "Toronto", "date": "October 28, 2012", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Case Study" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Press Article" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:28:33Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:28:33Z" } }, { "key": "TV8MTZ76", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/TV8MTZ76", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/TV8MTZ76", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/6JUR2M3V", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "TV8MTZ76", "version": 159, "parentItem": "6JUR2M3V", "itemType": "note", "note": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:26:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:26:13Z" } }, { "key": "6JUR2M3V", "version": 121, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/6JUR2M3V", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/6JUR2M3V", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Paylor", "parsedDate": "2013-02-27", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "6JUR2M3V", "version": 121, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Death knell has not yet been rung on evidence-based policy; Improving public understanding of science will help shape opinions, leading to more sensible polit- ical responses", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ben", "lastName": "Paylor" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) When public policy is based on science, the results of research benefit society. But there is growing anxiety in Canada that policy is based not on science, but on ideology without evidence.\nWe are living in a time when government is not reflecting evidence in its policies. Examples abound; from the govern- ment's shift away from evidence supporting climate change to its mania for prison construction amid evidence of falling crime. The Department of Fisheries and Oceans' well-documented and continued disregard for science surrounding fish management when this evidence clashes with its political agendas is yet another instance.\nDespite scientific consensus opposing these policies, the tendency to cater to voter sentiment, rather than expert evi- dence, seems to be the modus operandi of Canada's Conservatives. The antagonism felt by the scientific community is not so much that it is misunderstood by the government but that government doesn't value the evidence it produces.", "publicationTitle": "The Vancouver Sun", "publisher": "", "place": "British Columbia", "date": "February 27, 2013", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "Final Edition", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, Partisanship" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T17:26:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T17:26:13Z" } }, { "key": "3A7ATCWP", "version": 120, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/3A7ATCWP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/3A7ATCWP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Guyatt and et. al.", "parsedDate": "2008", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "3A7ATCWP", "version": 120, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "GRADE: an emerging consensus on rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gordon", "lastName": "Guyatt" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "et. al." } ], "abstractNote": "Failure to consider the quality of evidence can lead to misguided recommendations; hormone replacement therapy for post-menopausal women provides an instructive example\nHigh quality evidence that an intervention’s desirable effects are clearly greater than its undesirable effects, or are clearly not, warrants a strong recommendation\nUncertainty about the trade-offs (because of low quality evidence or because the desirable and undesirable effects are closely balanced) warrants a weak recommendation\nGuidelines should inform clinicians what the quality of the underlying evidence is and whether recommendations are strong or weak\nThe Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE ) approach provides a system for rating quality of evidence and strength of recommendations that is explicit, comprehensive, transparent, and pragmatic and is increasingly being adopted by organisations\nG a w\nworldwide", "publicationTitle": "British Medical Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2008", "volume": "336", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "924-926", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Health" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:35:56Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:35:56Z" } }, { "key": "BG67AFEW", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/BG67AFEW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/BG67AFEW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Henderson", "parsedDate": "2011-11-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BG67AFEW", "version": 159, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Note to politicians: look for evidence; Many MPs do not want to hear evidence that contradicts their standpoint. But more should welcome thorough analysis", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark", "lastName": "Henderson" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro)tary. It told the story of young offenders who received experimental sentences. Instead of going to jail, they had merely to visit, to meet violent inmates. The goal was explained in the film's title: Scared Straight!\nSimilar schemes were started around the world. The logic seemed impeccable and the anecdotes were compelling: only one of the teenagers featured in Scared Straight! was later convicted of a serious crime. Yet only in 2002 were these programmes properly evaluated. The evidence was clear. The schemes failed to prevent reoffending and participants became more likely to commit crimes.\nScared Straight was a scandalous failure but not because it failed. As scientists understand, there is no shame in a hy- pothesis that cannot withstand contact with the evidence. The problem was not that the policy was an experiment but that its architects never recognised it as one.\nSuch episodes are regrettably common in government. When academics promote evidence-based policy, politicians often point out, correctly, that good evidence isn't always available before initiatives are introduced. But that is no ex- cuse for failing to collect it afterwards.", "publicationTitle": "The Times", "publisher": "", "place": "United Kingdom", "date": "November 2, 2011", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, and Partisanship" }, { "tag": "Press Article" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:33:17Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:33:17Z" } }, { "key": "8DIBP8QB", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/8DIBP8QB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/8DIBP8QB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Bednar and Stabile", "parsedDate": "2012-07-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "8DIBP8QB", "version": 159, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Good policy needs good data; Chopping of StatsCan surveys continues trend toward evidence-free policy- making", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Vass", "lastName": "Bednar" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark", "lastName": "Stabile" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro)For many of us, it started with the census. In a controversial move, our government switched from a mandatory to a voluntary census in the summer of 2010. The former Statistics Canada chief, the media and the research community reacted with shock and largely opposed to the change to no avail.\nLast week, StatsCan quietly continued this trend when it published a media advisory listing programs identified for elimination or reduction to meet savings targets that were announced in the Economic Action Plan 2012 ($33.9 million by 2014-15).\nThese reductions have been masked under the compelling veil of \"efficiency.\" In reality, the cuts promise considerable future costs because they compromise the tools used to understand the state. This, in turn, has a high probability of lead- ing to decisions that are no longer based on evidence, and therefore are likely to be ineffective uses of public money.\nReductions to Statistics Canada activity are not new. Preceding the census cuts, the agency moved three of four key longitudinal surveys that were initiated in the 1990s to the \"inactive list\": the National Population Health Survey; the National Longitudinal Survey of Children and Youth, and the Workplace and Employment Survey. These information- rich surveys involve repeated observations of the same people over long periods of time and began tracking Canadians in the early 1990s. We are no longer measuring outcomes for these individuals.", "publicationTitle": "The Toronto Star", "publisher": "", "place": "Toronto", "date": "July 11, 2012", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Case Study" }, { "tag": "Intellectual Property" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Press Article" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:30:32Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:30:32Z" } }, { "key": "9TUB7EFJ", "version": 117, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/9TUB7EFJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/9TUB7EFJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Mulgan", "parsedDate": "2014-02-04", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "9TUB7EFJ", "version": 117, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "The trouble with 'truth to power'; Integrity: Richard Mulgan", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Richard", "lastName": "Mulgan" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) Integrity: Richard Mulgan The trouble with 'truth to power' Responsiveness Adapting to the language and philosophy of a new government is not a betrayal of principle.\nVanstone enjoyed contact with junior staff and engaging in robust discussions about policy with them. Her concluding message was: 'Give the young people a chance. They will really lift you up!' Culture shift: Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet secretary Ian Watt with his new boss, Tony Abbott, on the day after the election. Photo: Getty Images Amanda Vanstone and Chris Evans at the IPAA conference.\nA change in government brings new pressures on public servants as they adjust to serving new masters. The new Prime Minister, Tony Abbott, set the tone early, combining reassuring speeches about the unique value of the public service with the ruthless dismissal of selected secretaries.\nDemonstrating a classic iron fist in a velvet glove, he sent a message to all public servants that their work would be val- ued and respected - provided they remembered who was in charge.", "publicationTitle": "Canberra Times", "publisher": "", "place": "Australia", "date": "February 4, 2014", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, and Partisanship" }, { "tag": "Press Article" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:28:04Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:28:04Z" } }, { "key": "EFRW9SPB", "version": 116, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/EFRW9SPB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/EFRW9SPB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Drainey", "parsedDate": "2013-04-24", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "EFRW9SPB", "version": 116, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Alcohol industry 'distorted' evidence, researchers claim", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Nick", "lastName": "Drainey" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) The alcohol industry distorted scientific evidence in an attempt to change the Scottish Government's policy on alcohol pricing and promotion, a study has found.\nResearchers from the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine and from the University of York, led by Jim McCambridge, found that the alcohol industry had ignored, misrepresented and undermined scientific evidence in sub- missions to the Scottish government's 2008 consultation Changing Scotland's Relationship with Alcohol.\nPublished in PLOS Medicine, the study found that supermarkets, drinks companies and trade associations had manipu- lated figures to try to stop the SNP administration introducing its policies.\nThe move to impose a minimum price for alcohol units is being held up in the courts after a challenge led by the Scotch Whisky Association.", "publicationTitle": "The Times", "publisher": "", "place": "United Kingdom", "date": "April 24, 2013", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Case Study" }, { "tag": "Health" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, and Partisanship" }, { "tag": "Press Article" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:25:29Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:25:29Z" } }, { "key": "FPT2ZFAT", "version": 115, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/FPT2ZFAT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/FPT2ZFAT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Leonhardt", "parsedDate": "2014-07-15", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FPT2ZFAT", "version": 115, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "A Quiet Movement to Help Government Falter Less Often", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Leonhardt" } ], "abstractNote": "(Intro) If you wanted to bestow the grandiose title of ''most successful organization in modern history,'' you would struggle to find a more obviously worthy nominee than the federal government of the United States.\nIn its earliest stirrings, it established a lasting and influential democracy. Since then, it has helped defeat totalitarianism (more than once), established the world's currency of choice, sent men to the moon, built the Internet, nurtured the world's largest economy, financed medical research that saved millions of lives and welcomed eager immigrants from around the world.\nOf course, most Americans don't think of their government as particularly successful. Only 19 percent say they trust the government to do the right thing most of the time, according to Gallup. Some of this mistrust reflects a healthy skepti- cism that Americans have always had toward centralized authority. And the disappointing economic growth of recent decades has made Americans less enamored of nearly every national institution.", "publicationTitle": "The New York Times", "publisher": "", "place": "NYC", "date": "July 15, 2014", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "Late Edition", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, Partisanship" }, { "tag": "Press Article" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:22:11Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:22:11Z" } }, { "key": "RZMINDVM", "version": 114, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/RZMINDVM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/RZMINDVM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Turner", "parsedDate": "2013-10-13", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "RZMINDVM", "version": 114, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Harper's Relentless War on Science (Opinion)", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chris", "lastName": "Turner" } ], "abstractNote": "This week, after another tumultuous summer of scandal and the third prorogation of his tenure as prime minister, Ste- phen Harper will deliver his throne speech to Parliament to be read by the Governor General. The advance word has it that the focus of the speech and the legislative agenda it ushers in will be the protection of consumers.\nThe choice of words is telling. This is a government interested mainly in what Canadians use and spend, and only pas- sionate about those parts of Canada it can develop and sell off. It cares little about Canadians as citizens and even less about protecting Canada's shared public goods and standing on guard for its natural capital.\nHarper's true agenda, pretty much all along, has been to dismantle the government's great traditions of natural science and environmental stewardship, which until recently made Canada a world leader in both fields. This is a government waging a quiet legislative and administrative war on science - especially those fields of science dedicated to gathering and analyzing data on the health of Canada's natural environment - and it has undone a century of good work with alarming efficiency since the passage of its sweeping omnibus budget bill in June 2012. Whatever is in this week's throne speech, that budget remains the government's most forceful statement of intent and clearest articulation of its overarching agenda.", "publicationTitle": "The Toronto Star", "publisher": "", "place": "Toronto", "date": "October 13, 2013", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, Partisanship" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:19:33Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:19:33Z" } }, { "key": "6K53HUZG", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/6K53HUZG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/6K53HUZG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Teo", "parsedDate": "2012-08-27", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "6K53HUZG", "version": 159, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Big data changing rules of the game; Proper use can make companies and governments more efficient", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Clement", "lastName": "Teo" } ], "abstractNote": "DRIVEN by the rapid increase in the number of people and devices connected to the Internet, data is growing at a phe- nomenal rate.\nThe collective data pool may reveal insights that provide organisations and government bodies the opportunity to bet- ter understand the behaviour and opinions of their target communities.\nKnown as Big Data, new technologies need to be adopted to manage this for effective business transaction and plan- ning, and policy formulation.", "publicationTitle": "The Business Times Singapore", "publisher": "", "place": "Singapore", "date": "August 27, 2012", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Intellectual Property" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Openness and Tranparency" }, { "tag": "Press Article" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:17:03Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:17:03Z" } }, { "key": "F3IB35DA", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/F3IB35DA", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/F3IB35DA", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Reichman et al.", "parsedDate": "2011-02", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "F3IB35DA", "version": 159, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Challenges and Opportunities of Open Data in Ecology", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "O.J.", "lastName": "Reichman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mathew", "lastName": "Jones" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark", "lastName": "Schildhauer" } ], "abstractNote": "Ecology is a synthetic discipline benefiting from open access to data from the earth, life, and social sciences. Technological challenges exist, however, due to the dispersed and heterogeneous nature\nof these data. Standardization of methods and development of robust metadata can increase data access but are not sufficient. Reproducibility of analyses is also important, and executable workflows are addressing this issue by capturing data provenance. Sociological challenges, including inadequate rewards for sharing data, must also be resolved. The establishment of well-curated, federated data repositories will provide a means to preserve data while promoting attribution and acknowledgement of its use.", "publicationTitle": "Science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "February 2011", "volume": "11", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Standards and Methods" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:12:43Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:12:43Z" } }, { "key": "FFIW5DSW", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/FFIW5DSW", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/FFIW5DSW", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "David", "parsedDate": "2000", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "FFIW5DSW", "version": 159, "itemType": "conferencePaper", "title": "The Digital Technology Boomerang: New Intellectual Property Rights Threaten Global “Open Science”", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul", "lastName": "David" } ], "abstractNote": "There is a serious threat that ill-considered government support for expanding legal means of controlling access to information for the purpose of extracting private economic rents is resulting in the “over-fencing of the public knowledge commons” in science and engineering. Such a new “tragedy of the commons” would bring adverse long-run consequences for future welfare gains through technological progress, and re-distributional effects further disadvantaging the present economically less advanced countries of the world.\nRadical legal innovations in intellectual property protection that seriously jeopardize the effective conduct of open, collaborative science have been introduced by the little noticed European Database Directive of March 1996. This initiative forms an emblematic and substantively significant aspect of the broader set of transformations in intellectual property rights institutions that have been initiated in response to the economic ramifications of rapid progress in digital information technologies. The EC Directive poses numerous contentious issues in law and economics that will create ambiguities for business and non-profit activities in this area for years to come. The terms on which those issues are resolved will materially affect the costs and organizational feasibility of scientific projects that are of global reach and importance, especially those that depend heavily upon the collection, management and analysis of large volumes of observational data that cannot be regenerated. This paper sets out the economic case for the effectiveness of open, collaborative research, and the forces behind the recent, countervailing rush to strengthen and expand the scope of intellectual property rights protection. Focusing upon innovations in copyright law and the sui generis protection of hitherto unprotected content, it documents the genesis and analyzes the economic implications of the EC’s Database Directive, and related legislative proposals (H.R. 3125, H.R. 354 and H.R. 1858) in the US. Several modest remedial proposals are advanced to mitigate the adverse impact of “the digital technology boomerang” upon open science.", "proceedingsTitle": "Forthcoming in the World Bank Conference Volume: ABCDE-2000.", "conferenceName": "", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2000", "eventPlace": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "numberOfVolumes": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesNumber": "", "DOI": "", "ISBN": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Intellectual Property" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Legal" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:10:00Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:10:00Z" } }, { "key": "AUKXSR6B", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/AUKXSR6B", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/AUKXSR6B", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "David", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AUKXSR6B", "version": 159, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Can ‘Open Science’ be Protected from the Evolving Regime of IPR Protections?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Paul", "lastName": "David" } ], "abstractNote": "Increasing access charges and transactions costs arising from monopoly rights in data and information adversely affect the conduct of science, especially exploratory research programs. The latter are widely acknowledged to be critical for the sustained growth of knowledge-driven economies, but are most efficiently pursued in the “open science” mode. In some fields, informal cooperative norms of behavior among researchers– in regard to the sharing of timely access to raw data-steams and docum ented database resources – are being undermined by legal institutional innovations that accommodate the further privatising of the public domain in information. A variety of corrective measures are needed to restore proper balance to the IPR.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "", "volume": "", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "(This is a working paper, still trying to find published article).", "tags": [ { "tag": "Intellectual Property" }, { "tag": "International" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Politics, Politicians, and Partisanship" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:07:29Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:07:29Z" } }, { "key": "KM9Q8FFP", "version": 109, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/KM9Q8FFP", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/KM9Q8FFP", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Margolis and Kammen", "parsedDate": "1999", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KM9Q8FFP", "version": 109, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Evidence of under-investment in energy R&D in the United States and the impact of Federal policy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Robert", "lastName": "Margolis" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Daniel", "lastName": "Kammen" } ], "abstractNote": "Investments in energy technology research and development (R&D), and in associated human and institutional capacity, are fundamental to our ability to respond to changing economic and environmental needs. This paper uses data on R&D investments and patent records to examine the relationship between expenditures on R&D and innovation, with a particular focus on the energy sector. We observe that R&D spending and patents, both overall and in the energy sector, have been highly correlated over the past two decades in the US. In addition, we observe that the R&D intensity of the US energy sector is extremely low when compared to other sectors. We argue that the data illustrates the critical role of public policy, as evidenced by the impact of recent technology transfer related legislation on the total number and on the ownership of innovations resulting from federally sponsored R&D. We conclude that there has been a signi\"cant and sustained pattern of under-investment in the US energy sector, and that recent declines in energy R&D exacerbate this situation. Innovation for the US energy infrastructure is also a signi\"cant driver of the international energy economy. Thus, the spillover from US under-investment detracts from the global capacity to respond to emerging risks such as global warming.", "publicationTitle": "Energy Policy", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1999", "volume": "27", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "574-584", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Policy" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:04:22Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:04:22Z" } }, { "key": "EN2HNMDE", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/EN2HNMDE", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/EN2HNMDE", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Arzberger and et. al.", "parsedDate": "2004-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "EN2HNMDE", "version": 159, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Promoting Access to Public Research Data for Scientific, Economic, and Social Development", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P.", "lastName": "Arzberger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "", "lastName": "et. al." } ], "abstractNote": "Access to and sharing of data are essential for the conduct and advancement of science. This article argues that publicly funded research data should be openly available to the maximum extent possible. To seize upon advancements of cyberinfrastructure and the explosion of data in a range of scientific disciplines, this access to and sharing of publicly funded data must be advanced within an international framework, beyond technological solutions. The authors, members of an OECD Follow-up Group, present their research findings, based closely ontheir report to OECD, on key issues in data access, as well as operating principles and management aspects necessary to successful data access regimes.", "publicationTitle": "Data Science Journal", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "November 2004", "volume": "3", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Intellectual Property" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Standards and Methods" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T15:01:40Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T15:01:40Z" } }, { "key": "AF8VIPJJ", "version": 106, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/AF8VIPJJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/AF8VIPJJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Gallaher and Heikkila", "parsedDate": "2014-04", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "AF8VIPJJ", "version": 106, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Challenges and Opportunities for Collecting and Sharing Data on Water Governance Institutions", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Samuel", "lastName": "Gallaher" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Tanya", "lastName": "Heikkila" } ], "abstractNote": "This article explores the usability and availability of data needed for investigating the interplay between institutional arrangements (i.e. rules, regulations, policy, compacts, laws) and water resource outcomes. It examines a sample of 33 water governance and water research organizations’ websites for publicly available datasets containing linked information on institutions and water resource conditions or outcomes. While scholars and decision-makers alike have identified institutional arrangements as an important aspect of improving water governance, their calls for enhancing publicly available institutional data remain unanswered. Within our sample of websites, few datasets link institutions and water resource conditions or outcomes and those that do limit the institutional data to jurisdictional boundaries. More in- depth and diverse institutional data are required to understand which governance tools and structures do and do not work in varying contexts. This will require funding of strategically located, place-based data collection efforts, more transparent and replicable data collection instruments, and coding and storage of institutional data for enhanced data integration.", "publicationTitle": "Journal of Contemporary Water Research & Education", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "April 2014", "volume": "", "issue": "153", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "66-78", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Case Studies" }, { "tag": "Environment" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Standards and Methods" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T14:55:20Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T14:55:20Z" } }, { "key": "WMSZV7VG", "version": 105, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/WMSZV7VG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/WMSZV7VG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Likens", "parsedDate": "2010", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "WMSZV7VG", "version": 105, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The role of science in decision making: does evidence-based science drive environmental policy?", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gene", "lastName": "Likens" } ], "abstractNote": "To guide environmental policy effectively, scientists face the difficult but crucial task of clearly communicat- ing evidence-based information to the public and to policy makers. Frequently, the solutions proposed by sci- entists are hindered by poor communication – including an excessive reliance on acronyms and jargon – as well as being confronted by vested interests, both perceived and real. Although environmental “problems” are typically discovered by scientists, it is the media that often plays the primary role in promoting public aware- ness of – and political action regarding – such problems. Here, acid rain is used as a case study to illustrate many of the challenges commonly associated with environmental problems, including the long delay between initial discovery and relevant policy making. Some simple, straightforward recommendations are provided for facilitating communication about environmental problems.", "publicationTitle": "The Ecological Society of America", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2010", "volume": "8", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T14:52:33Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T14:52:33Z" } }, { "key": "ZCCP49VT", "version": 104, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/ZCCP49VT", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/ZCCP49VT", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Elliot and Resnik", "parsedDate": "2014-07", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "ZCCP49VT", "version": 104, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Science, Policy and the Transparency of Value", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kevin", "lastName": "Elliot" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Resnik" } ], "abstractNote": "Background: Opposing groups of scientists have recently engaged in a heated dispute over a preliminary European Commission (EC) report on its regulatory policy for endocrine-disrupting chemicals. In addition to the scientific issues at stake, a central question has been how scientists can maintain their objectivity when informing policy makers.\noBjectives: Drawing from current ethical, conceptual, and empirical studies of objectivity and con- flicts of interest in scientific research, we propose guiding principles for communicating scientific findings in a manner that promotes objectivity, public trust, and policy relevance.\ndiscussion: Both conceptual and empirical studies of scientific reasoning have shown that it is unrealistic to prevent policy-relevant scientific research from being influenced by value judgments. Conceptually, the current dispute over the EC report illustrates how scientists are forced to make value judgments about appropriate standards of evidence when informing public policy. Empirical studies provide further evidence that scientists are unavoidably influenced by a variety of potentially subconscious financial, social, political, and personal interests and values.\nconclusions: When scientific evidence is inconclusive and major regulatory decisions are at stake, it is unrealistic to think that values can be excluded from scientific reasoning. Thus, efforts to sup- press or hide interests or values may actually damage scientific objectivity and public trust, whereas a willingness to bring implicit interests and values into the open may be the best path to promoting good science and policy.", "publicationTitle": "Environmental Health Perspectives", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "July 2014", "volume": "122", "issue": "7", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment" }, { "tag": "Health" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Standards and Methods" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T14:50:00Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T14:50:00Z" } }, { "key": "BENX9VBD", "version": 159, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 274673, "name": "Evidence Based Policy", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/274673/items/BENX9VBD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/evidence_based_policy/items/BENX9VBD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 2011918, "username": "Jennymm83", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/jennymm83", "type": "text/html" } } }, "lastModifiedByUser": { "id": 1068218, "username": "gloignon", "name": "Guillaume Loignon", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/gloignon", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rizzuto", "parsedDate": "2014-02-11", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "BENX9VBD", "version": 159, "itemType": "newspaperArticle", "title": "Bill on Data Access Praised, Criticized As Way to Block EPA Regulations, Analyses", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Bill", "lastName": "Rizzuto" } ], "abstractNote": "Key Development: House member says requiring the EPA to identify and make publicly available all data supporting regulations and underlying analyses could help prevent decisions that are shutting down power plants.", "publicationTitle": "BNA", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Feb. 11, 2014", "volume": "", "issue": "", "edition": "", "section": "", "pages": "", "ISSN": "", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "", "libraryCatalog": "", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [ { "tag": "Environment" }, { "tag": "Openness and Transparency" }, { "tag": "Policy" }, { "tag": "Press Article" }, { "tag": "Risks and Benefits" } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-09-17T14:36:27Z", "dateModified": "2014-09-17T14:36:27Z" } } ]