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"mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "Q7QVIEGP", "version": 3, "parentItem": "G88JWIMZ", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2014-03-25T16:23:48Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2348784", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "WCMSCHI2", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/WCMSCHI2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/WCMSCHI2", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": 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"alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/PZI6IN6Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brook", "parsedDate": "1983-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "PZI6IN6Q", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Who's for psychiatry? United Kingdom medical schools and career choice of psychiatry 1961-75", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P", "lastName": "Brook" } ], "abstractNote": "The medical schools of origin were identified in 1229 psychiatrists who qualified in the United Kingdom in the years 1961-75. The group was defined operationally as those who had entered for the preliminary test of the membership examination of the Royal College of Psychiatrists. From 1966-75 only 4 per cent of doctors opted for a career in the specialty. There are wide discrepancies between medical schools in the proportion of their graduates who enter psychiatry. The most likely reasons for this have to do with differences in student selection, the models of psychiatry put forward, the enthusiasm of teachers and the career pull from other specialties, notably general practice. A number of suggestions which might help to improve recruitment to psychiatry are put forward.", "publicationTitle": "The British journal of psychiatry: the journal of mental science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Apr 1983", "volume": "142", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "361-365", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Br J Psychiatry", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0007-1250", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Who's for psychiatry?", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 6850174", "tags": [ { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Curriculum", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Education, Medical, Undergraduate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Great Britain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Schools, Medical", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "WUNPNEEI", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/WUNPNEEI", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/WUNPNEEI", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "McParland et al.", "parsedDate": "2003-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "WUNPNEEI", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The effect of a psychiatric attachment on students' attitudes to and intention to pursue psychiatry as a career", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Monica", "lastName": "McParland" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Lorraine M", "lastName": "Noble" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gill", "lastName": "Livingston" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Chris", "lastName": "McManus" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVES: This study examined determinants of students' attitudes to psychiatry and intentions to pursue psychiatry as a career, considering: (1) experiences during the clinical attachment; (2) type of curriculum (traditional or problem-based), and (3) student characteristics (age and gender). The relationships between attitudes, career intentions and academic performance were examined.\nMETHOD: Fourth year medical students (n = 379) completed questionnaires at the beginning and end of an 8-week psychiatry attachment to assess their attitudes to psychiatry, career intentions and experiences during the attachment. Students completed two assessments consisting of a multiple choice paper and a clinical viva. Consecutive cohorts of students receiving a traditional curriculum (n = 188) and a problem-based curriculum (n = 191) were compared.\nRESULTS: Students' attitudes to psychiatry improved and intentions to pursue psychiatry as a career increased during the attachment. These changes were predicted by specific experiences during the attachment, such as receiving encouragement from consultants, seeing patients respond well to treatment and having direct involvement in patient care. There was no difference in change in attitudes or career intentions between the two cohorts. Students with more favourable attitudes or career intentions at the outset did not report more favourable experiences during the attachment. Attitudes and career intentions were unrelated to performance in psychiatry assessments. Improvement in attitudes was related to an increased intention to pursue psychiatry as a career.\nCONCLUSIONS: Change in attitudes and career intentions was dependent on the actions of the clinical teachers. Undergraduate teachers may have an important influence on the numbers of doctors who choose this specialty as a career.", "publicationTitle": "Medical education", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2003", "volume": "37", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "447-454", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Med Educ", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0308-0110", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 12709187", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Attitude", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Cohort Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Curriculum", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Education, Medical, Undergraduate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "England", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Prospective Studies", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "NHEQAIRB", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/NHEQAIRB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/NHEQAIRB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Brockington and Mumford", "parsedDate": "2002-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "NHEQAIRB", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Recruitment into psychiatry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Ian", "lastName": "Brockington" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Mumford" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Despite improvements in psychiatric teaching, British medical schools have never produced enough graduands aiming for psychiatry.\nAIMS: To inform the strategy for improving recruitment.\nMETHOD: A literature review.\nRESULTS: The number of psychiatrists required depends on the role of psychiatry, which is constantly changing. The present requirement is about 250-300 per year, including replacements and new posts. The number of psychiatric trainees has always been higher than expected from the career plans of newly qualified doctors, but the number of British graduates passing the Royal College of Psychiatrists' Membership examination has still fallen short, requiring a supplement of foreign medical graduates. The recent 50% expansion in medical students may make this country self-sufficient.\nCONCLUSIONS: To improve recruitment, the College should focus on influences before and after undergraduate training - the kind of student entering medical school and the factors favouring sustained psychiatric practice after graduation.", "publicationTitle": "The British journal of psychiatry: the journal of mental science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Apr 2002", "volume": "180", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "307-312", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Br J Psychiatry", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0007-1250", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 11925352", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Attitude of Health Personnel", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Curriculum", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Education, Medical, Undergraduate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Great Britain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Medical Staff, Hospital", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Middle Aged", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Needs Assessment", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Personnel Selection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Schools, Medical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Students, Medical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "United States", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "3R7H7ZEG", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/3R7H7ZEG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/3R7H7ZEG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Storer", "parsedDate": "2002-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "3R7H7ZEG", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Recruiting and retaining psychiatrists", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David", "lastName": "Storer" } ], "abstractNote": "", "publicationTitle": "The British journal of psychiatry: the journal of mental science", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Apr 2002", "volume": "180", "issue": "", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "296-297", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Br J Psychiatry", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0007-1250", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 11925349", "tags": [ { "tag": "Attitude of Health Personnel", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Great Britain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Personnel Selection", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "P6IJC6M2", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/P6IJC6M2", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/P6IJC6M2", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Lambert et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-05", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "P6IJC6M2", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Reasons why some UK medical graduates who initially choose psychiatry do not pursue it as a long-term career", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Trevor W", "lastName": "Lambert" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Gill", "lastName": "Turner" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Seena", "lastName": "Fazel" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael J", "lastName": "Goldacre" } ], "abstractNote": "BACKGROUND: Some doctors who initially choose psychiatry do not pursue it as a long-term career. The study seeks to identify reasons for leaving psychiatry.\nMETHOD: Postal questionnaire survey of UK medical graduates of 1988, 1993, 1996 and 1999 identified as having left psychiatry; for comparison, doctors who left general practice or trauma and orthopaedics.\nRESULTS: Response rate was 74% (572/778); 488 respondents satisfied study criteria (59 psychiatry, 318 general practice, 111 trauma and orthopaedics). The speciality's poor public image, perceived lack of respect from medical peers, perceived threat of violence from patients, under-resourcing and low morale were problems for psychiatry leavers. Job stress, self-assessed unsuitability, and concerns about the lack of evidence-based treatments also influenced decisions to leave psychiatry.\nCONCLUSIONS: Early exposure to psychiatry may help trainees assess their suitability. Negative perceptions of workforce issues (e.g. low morale) and of clinical issues (e.g. perceived lack of ability to improve prognosis) need addressing to increase retention.", "publicationTitle": "Psychological medicine", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "May 2006", "volume": "36", "issue": "5", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "679-684", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Psychol Med", "DOI": "10.1017/S0033291705007038", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0033-2917", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 16426488", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Family Practice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Great Britain", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Medical Staff, Hospital", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Orthopedics", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Questionnaires", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "7UTNCIDM", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/7UTNCIDM", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/7UTNCIDM", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Rajagopal et al.", "parsedDate": "2004-12-01", "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "7UTNCIDM", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Psychiatry as a career choice compared with other specialties: a survey of medical students", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sundararajan", "lastName": "Rajagopal" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kamaljit Singh", "lastName": "Rehill" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Emma", "lastName": "Godfrey" } ], "abstractNote": "AIMS AND METHOD\nThe aim of this study was to determine the attitudes of medical students in the UK towards different specialties as career options and to ascertain the position of psychiatry among these specialties. Students belonging to a London medical school completed a questionnaire.\nRESULTS\nAmong the 301 students who completed the survey, psychiatry was the least popular clinical specialty. The study revealed that the students had a number of misconceptions about psychiatry. A family history of mental illness was significantly associated with choosing psychiatry as a career.\nCLINICAL IMPLICATIONS\nConsidering the unpopularity of the specialty, it is likely that recruitment of psychiatrists will continue to be a major problem for the foreseeable future. Measures need to be taken to dispel the misconceptions about psychiatry.", "publicationTitle": "Psychiatric Bulletin", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "12/01/2004", "volume": "28", "issue": "12", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "444-446", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Psychiatric Bulletin", "DOI": "10.1192/pb.28.12.444", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://pb.rcpsych.org/content/28/12/444", "accessDate": "2014-03-25T16:25:36Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "2053-4868, 2053-4876", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Psychiatry as a career choice compared with other specialties", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "pb.rcpsych.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "", "tags": [], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "M8HDV9JJ", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/M8HDV9JJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/M8HDV9JJ", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Cutler et al.", "parsedDate": "2006-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "M8HDV9JJ", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Medical students' perceptions of psychiatry as a career choice", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Janis L", "lastName": "Cutler" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sharon L", "lastName": "Alspector" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kelli J", "lastName": "Harding" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Leslie L", "lastName": "Wright" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Mark J", "lastName": "Graham" } ], "abstractNote": "OBJECTIVE: This study describes medical students' perceptions of the field of psychiatry and identifies the impact of those perceptions on their career choices in order to explore the questions: Are we as a field doing all that we can to enhance the educational experience of all medical students, regardless of their career preferences? What are the most appropriate ways to encourage interested medical students that would allow for more targeted recruitment efforts toward the most receptive students?\nMETHODS: Third-year (n=131) and fourth-year medical students (n=117) at a northeastern, urban, private university medical school completed anonymous self-report questionnaires. Students rated the impact of intellectual interest, status, earning potential, healthcare reform, quality of life, satisfaction, and stress of working with psychiatric patients on their consideration of a psychiatric career. Respondents were then systematically divided into two groups: 1) those who considered psychiatry as a possible career choice and 2) those who did not.\nRESULTS: When compared to students who had been coded as \"not seriously considering\" a career in psychiatry, students coded as \"seriously considering\" gave significantly higher positive ratings to the field's intellectual content and quality of life. There were also significant differences between the groups regarding the satisfaction involved in working with psychiatric patients. Students from both groups were equally concerned about stress levels in the field.\nCONCLUSIONS: Acknowledging, discussing, and providing a context for stressful experiences during the psychiatry clerkship are likely to bring about productive approaches to improve recruitment into the field as well as to improve all students' psychiatric education.", "publicationTitle": "Academic psychiatry: the journal of the American Association of Directors of Psychiatric Residency Training and the Association for Academic Psychiatry", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "2006 Mar-Apr", "volume": "30", "issue": "2", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "144-149", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Acad Psychiatry", "DOI": "10.1176/appi.ap.30.2.144", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "1042-9670", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 16609121", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Attitude", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Questionnaires", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Students, Medical", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "ETDZWG78", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/ETDZWG78", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/ETDZWG78", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Furnham", "parsedDate": "1986-12-20", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "ETDZWG78", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Medical students' beliefs about nine different specialties", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "A F", "lastName": "Furnham" } ], "abstractNote": "A total of 449 preclinical and postclinical students from three London University medical schools completed one of nine versions of a 50 item questionnaire seeking their attitudes to nine specialties: anaesthetics, general practice, gynaecology, hospital medicine, paediatrics, pathology, psychiatry, radiology, and surgery. There were three main findings. Firstly, though item by item analysis yielded interesting and predictable differences, such as the negative attitudes to psychiatry, the students' attitudes and beliefs were multidimensional: whereas any specialty might be seen as highly positive on one dimension--for example, effectiveness--it might be seen as highly negative on another--for example, relationships with patients. Secondly, the nine specialties seemed to be discriminative on two dimensions--soft versus hard; general versus specific--such that psychiatry was seen as soft and specific, general practice soft and general, and surgery hard but neither general nor specific. Thirdly, these attitudes tended to differ between preclinical and clinical students, but only modestly, in that some extreme (positive and negative) attitudes were modified by experience.", "publicationTitle": "British medical journal (Clinical research ed.)", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "1986 Dec 20-27", "volume": "293", "issue": "6562", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "1607-1610", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Br Med J (Clin Res Ed)", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0267-0623", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 3101940 \nPMCID: PMC1351871", "tags": [ { "tag": "Attitude of Health Personnel", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Attitude to Health", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Medicine", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Questionnaires", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Specialization", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Students, Medical", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "35T25XSD", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/35T25XSD", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/35T25XSD", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Galletly et al.", "parsedDate": "1995-11", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "35T25XSD", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Medical student attitudes to psychiatry: lack of effect of psychiatric hospital experience", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "C A", "lastName": "Galletly" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G D", "lastName": "Schrader" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "H M", "lastName": "Chesterman" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "G", "lastName": "Tsourtos" } ], "abstractNote": "Medical students' attitudes toward psychiatry before and after their final (sixth) year psychiatric clerkship at a large psychiatric hospital were measured. We anticipated that exposure to severe, chronic psychiatric illness would affect student attitudes, and we undertook this study to investigate the direction and parameters of attitude change. However, no significant change in attitude was found. Variables considered included the students' interest in a career in psychiatry, their perception of the adequacy of their psychiatric training, their final examination results, and the gender of students and preceptors, none of which were found to correlate with attitudes.", "publicationTitle": "Medical education", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Nov 1995", "volume": "29", "issue": "6", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "449-451", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Med Educ", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0308-0110", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Medical student attitudes to psychiatry", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 8594410", "tags": [ { "tag": "Attitude", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Clinical Clerkship", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Sex Factors", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "South Australia", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Students, Medical", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } }, { "key": "HEN8TG9Q", "version": 3, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256740, "name": "psychiatry locs", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256740/items/HEN8TG9Q", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/psychiatry_locs/items/HEN8TG9Q", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1852108, "username": "mennao", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mennao", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Eagle and Marcos", "parsedDate": "1980-04", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "HEN8TG9Q", "version": 3, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Factors in medical students' choice of psychiatry", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "P F", "lastName": "Eagle" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L R", "lastName": "Marcos" } ], "abstractNote": "The authors review the literature on and systematize the factors influencing medical students' choice of psychiatry as a specialty. The results indicate that students who are single, from large metropolitan areas, uninterested in religion, politically liberal, interested in humanitarian ideas, who score low in authoritarianism, have a high capacity to tolerate ambiguity, have a high level of anxiety and fear of death, and have low self-esteem are likely to choose psychiatry. In medical school, the students likely to choose psychiatry have a lower class rank and express positive attitudes toward psychiatry and psychiatrists. Exposure to and taking responsiblity for patients, especially patients with good prognoses, are crucial factors encouraging students to be psychiatrists.", "publicationTitle": "The American journal of psychiatry", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Apr 1980", "volume": "137", "issue": "4", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "423-427", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Am J Psychiatry", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0002-953X", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 7361926", "tags": [ { "tag": "Achievement", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Adult", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Career Choice", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Decision Making", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Education, Medical, Undergraduate", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Education, Premedical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Humans", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Male", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Personality", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Psychiatry", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Socioeconomic Factors", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z", "dateModified": "2014-03-27T13:47:13Z" } } ]