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Dextran of 150,000 molecular weight, tagged with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC), was used as a representative tracer molecule. In vivo plasma concentration of dextran was measured by photometric analysis of the plasma layer of microvessels in the ear chamber. The plasma concentration in both normal and tumor preparations rose rapidly to a steady state with a time constant of 4.06 ± 0.2 sec, and remained relatively constant at that level for the next 2 hr (elimination time constant = 1.77 ± 0.9 × 105 sec). Extravasation of macromolecules from individual microvessels into the extravascular space was measured with the same photometric technique. Interstitial diffusion coefficients and microvascular permeability coefficients were determined by fitting a one-dimensional permeability-diffusion model to the extravasation data. The diffusivity of dextran in tumor interstitium was 2.2 ± 1.4 × 10−8 cm2/sec (n = 6) and in granulation tissue interstitium was 6.7 ± 4.4 × 10−10 cm2/sec (n = 6). Microvascular permeability in tumors was 7.26 ± 3.29 × 10−8 cm/sec (n = 11) and in granulation tissue was 57.24 ± 39.24 × 10−8 cm/sec (n = 10). 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Toward prospective clinical translation, we calculate blood volume fraction parameter values from in vivo contrast-enhanced computed tomography imaging from a separate cohort of patients with colorectal cancer metastatic to liver, and demonstrate accurate model predictions of individual patient responses (average relative error = 15%). Here, patient-specific data from either in vivo imaging or histopathology drives output of the model’s formulas. Values obtained from standard clinical diagnostic measurements for each individual are entered into the model, producing accurate predictions of tumor kill after chemotherapy. Clinical translation will enable the rational design of individualized treatment strategies such as amount, frequency, and delivery platform of drug and the need for ancillary non–drug-based treatment.", "publicationTitle": "Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "08/27/2013", "volume": "110", "issue": "35", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "14266-14271", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "PNAS", "DOI": "10.1073/pnas.1300619110", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://www.pnas.org/content/110/35/14266", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T20:19:44Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0027-8424, 1091-6490", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "www.pnas.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 23940372", "tags": [ { "tag": "colorectal cancer liver metastasis", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "contrast CT", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "glioblastoma multiforme histopathology", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "mathematical modeling", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "patient drug response", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "SMHDGS37" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T20:19:44Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T20:19:44Z" } }, { "key": "QCFXSJWC", "version": 103, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/QCFXSJWC", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/QCFXSJWC", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/WBWVMAJ6", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "QCFXSJWC", "version": 103, "parentItem": "WBWVMAJ6", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "url": "http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/58/16/3641.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Booth et al. - 1998 - Effect of Multidrug Resistance Modulators on the H.pdf", "md5": "c778b163ce84c53a401cf5eb512b9892", "mtime": 1398232933000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T06:02:13Z" } }, { "key": "SCE5HARZ", "version": 103, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/SCE5HARZ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/SCE5HARZ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/WBWVMAJ6", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "SCE5HARZ", "version": 103, "parentItem": "WBWVMAJ6", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "url": "http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/58/16/3641.abstract?ijkey=726f0de4205a6fc6bcb948809f828d9c1eb9cdfb&keytype2=tf_ipsecsha", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "3641.html", "md5": "20a876362a8c8bc0b35a5e06560b9dbf", "mtime": 1398232922000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z" } }, { "key": "9NH8SGHQ", "version": 102, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/9NH8SGHQ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/9NH8SGHQ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/WBWVMAJ6", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "9NH8SGHQ", "version": 102, "parentItem": "WBWVMAJ6", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9721873", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z" } }, { "key": "WBWVMAJ6", "version": 102, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/WBWVMAJ6", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/WBWVMAJ6", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Booth et al.", "parsedDate": "1998-08-15", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "WBWVMAJ6", "version": 102, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Effect of Multidrug Resistance Modulators on the Hepatobiliary Disposition of Doxorubicin in the Isolated Perfused Rat Liver", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Catherine L.", "lastName": "Booth" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kenneth R.", "lastName": "Brouwer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Kim L. R.", "lastName": "Brouwer" } ], "abstractNote": "P-Glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer cells may be modulated by competitive inhibitors of P-gp. In the liver, P-gp is localized on the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes. Quinidine and GF120918 inhibit the transport of P-gp substrates, including doxorubicin. Competitive inhibition of P-gp transport may alter biliary excretion of substrates. This study was designed to examine the effects of MDR modulators on the hepatobiliary disposition of doxorubicin and to elucidate the site(s) of drug-modulator interaction using pharmacokinetic modeling techniques. Livers from male Sprague Dawley rats were isolated and perfused for 2 h at 37°C with recirculating male rat blood. MDR modulator (16.8–480 µg of GF120918 or 0.3–3.0 mg of quinidine) or vehicle (buffer or DMSO, respectively) was administered as a bolus to the perfusate reservoir 5 min prior to the addition of doxorubicin (464 µg). Perfusate and bile were collected during the perfusion, the liver was homogenized after the perfusion, and samples were analyzed by high-pressure liquid chromatography for doxorubicin and the major metabolite doxorubicinol. In the presence of GF120918, the biliary excretion of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol was decreased significantly without alterations in doxorubicin perfusate concentrations or doxorubicin and doxorubicinol liver concentrations. In the presence of quinidine, the biliary excretion of doxorubicin was reduced significantly; however, doxorubicinol recovery in bile was not altered. The perfusate and liver concentrations of doxorubicin were not altered by quinidine; doxorubicinol liver concentrations were increased. A series of pharmacokinetic models were evaluated incorporating perfusate, liver, and bile compartments to describe the disposition of doxorubicin and doxorubicinol in the isolated perfused rat liver. The model that best described these data, based on goodness-of-fit criteria, included first-order rate constants for all disposition processes. On the basis of this model, the rate-limiting process for doxorubicin and doxorubicinol elimination was biliary excretion. In the presence of GF120918, rate constants associated with doxorubicin and doxorubicinol canalicular egress were decreased, and other doxorubicinol disposition pathways were increased slightly. Quinidine was associated with a decrease in doxorubicin canalicular egress, doxorubicinol formation, and other doxorubicinol pathways. Pharmacokinetic modeling of the data supported the hypothesis that decreased biliary excretion of doxorubicin in the isolated perfused rat liver, as determined by mass-balance analysis, was due to interactions at the canalicular membrane. The present study further supports the utility of pharmacokinetic modeling in identifying sites of drug interactions within the hepatobiliary system. This approach may be particularly useful in predicting the effects of perturbations in hepatic translocation processes on the hepatobiliary disposition of drugs and derived metabolites.", "publicationTitle": "Cancer Research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "08/15/1998", "volume": "58", "issue": "16", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "3641-3648", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cancer Res", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org/content/58/16/3641", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0008-5472, 1538-7445", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "cancerres.aacrjournals.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 9721873", "tags": [], "collections": [ "SMHDGS37" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T06:02:01Z" } }, { "key": "KIAXR7V5", "version": 101, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/KIAXR7V5", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/KIAXR7V5", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/RFPBKVIG", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } }, "numChildren": 0 }, "data": { "key": "KIAXR7V5", "version": 101, "parentItem": "RFPBKVIG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Full Text PDF", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "url": "http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/32/8/794.full.pdf", "note": "", "contentType": "application/pdf", "charset": "", "filename": "Hilmer et al. - 2004 - The Hepatic Pharmacokinetics of Doxorubicin and Li.pdf", "md5": "46979bb73257cad871ac59676e20e671", "mtime": 1398232210000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T05:50:10Z" } }, { "key": "84RIMMEJ", "version": 101, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/84RIMMEJ", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/84RIMMEJ", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/RFPBKVIG", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "84RIMMEJ", "version": 101, "parentItem": "RFPBKVIG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "imported_url", "title": "Snapshot", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "url": "http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/32/8/794.full", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "utf-8", "filename": "794.html", "md5": "52db71241fcb284de67061fa109e208f", "mtime": 1398232196000, "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z" } }, { "key": "DSFGBD95", "version": 100, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/DSFGBD95", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/DSFGBD95", "type": "text/html" }, "up": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/RFPBKVIG", "type": "application/json" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } } }, "data": { "key": "DSFGBD95", "version": 100, "parentItem": "RFPBKVIG", "itemType": "attachment", "linkMode": "linked_url", "title": "PubMed entry", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15258103", "note": "", "contentType": "text/html", "charset": "", "tags": [], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z" } }, { "key": "RFPBKVIG", "version": 100, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/RFPBKVIG", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/RFPBKVIG", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1284293, "username": "mse3xa", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/mse3xa", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Hilmer et al.", "parsedDate": "2004-08-01", "numChildren": 3 }, "data": { "key": "RFPBKVIG", "version": 100, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "The Hepatic Pharmacokinetics of Doxorubicin and Liposomal Doxorubicin", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Sarah N.", "lastName": "Hilmer" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Victoria C.", "lastName": "Cogger" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Michael", "lastName": "Muller" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "David G. Le", "lastName": "Couteur" } ], "abstractNote": "To determine the role of the hepatic sinusoidal endothelium in the hepatic disposition of liposomal doxorubicin, we compared the hepatic pharmacokinetics of doxorubicin hydrochloride and the pegylated, liposomal formulation of doxorubicin (Caelyx). The multiple indicator-dilution technique and electron microscopy were used to study the disposition of doxorubicin and liposomal doxorubicin in the rat liver. Doxorubicin had a volume of distribution 1.56 ± 0.45 times greater than that of the extracellular marker, sucrose, whereas liposomal doxorubicin had a volume of distribution 0.56 ± 0.30 times smaller than that of sucrose (P < 0.001). The recovery of doxorubicin was less than that of liposomal doxorubicin (70 ± 24% versus 94 ± 17%, P < 0.05). The disposition of liposomal doxorubicin was found to be flow-limited, whereas a permeability-limited sequestration model fitted doxorubicin. The transfer of doxorubicin across the hepatocyte membrane was symmetrical (permeability - surface area product for influx 0.02 ± 0.01 ml s/g versus 0.03 ± 0.02 ml s/g for efflux) and consistent with diffusion. Electron microscopy confirmed that liposomes were restricted entirely to the sinusoidal lumen and none were seen in the extracellular space of Disse. Liposomal doxorubicin is restricted to the sinusoidal lumen, presumably secondary to steric exclusion by fenestrations in the sinusoidal endothelium. This provides the mechanism for the longer half-life and reduced hepatic extraction of liposomal doxorubicin compared with doxorubicin. The sinusoidal endothelium and fenestrations within the sinusoidal endothelium have an important role in hepatic pharmacology and are important considerations when designing liposomal preparations.", "publicationTitle": "Drug Metabolism and Disposition", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "08/01/2004", "volume": "32", "issue": "8", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "794-799", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Drug Metab Dispos", "DOI": "10.1124/dmd.32.8.794", "citationKey": "", "url": "http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/32/8/794", "accessDate": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": ", 1521-009X (Online)", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "", "language": "en", "libraryCatalog": "dmd.aspetjournals.org", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 15258103", "tags": [], "collections": [ "SMHDGS37" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T05:49:48Z" } }, { "key": "EEXM2JGB", "version": 99, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/EEXM2JGB", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21/items/EEXM2JGB", "type": "text/html" } }, "meta": { "createdByUser": { "id": 1283546, "username": "nwv3je", "name": "", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/nwv3je", "type": "text/html" } } }, "creatorSummary": "Boucher et al.", "parsedDate": "1990-08-01", "numChildren": 1 }, "data": { "key": "EEXM2JGB", "version": 99, "itemType": "journalArticle", "title": "Interstitial pressure gradients in tissue-isolated and subcutaneous tumors: implications for therapy", "creators": [ { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "Y", "lastName": "Boucher" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "L T", "lastName": "Baxter" }, { "creatorType": "author", "firstName": "R K", "lastName": "Jain" } ], "abstractNote": "High interstitial fluid pressure (IFP) in solid tumors is associated with reduced blood flow as well as inadequate delivery of therapeutic agents such as monoclonal antibodies. In the present study, IFP was measured as a function of radial position within two rat tissue-isolated tumors (mammary adenocarcinoma R3230AC, 0.4-1.9 g, n = 9, and Walker 256 carcinoma, 0.5-5.0 g, n = 6) and a s.c. tumor (mammary adenocarcinoma R3230AC, 0.6-20.0 g, n = 7). Micropipettes (tip diameters 2 to 4 microns) connected to a servo-null pressure-monitoring system were introduced to depths of 2.5 to 3.5 mm from the tumor surface and IFP was measured while the micropipettes were retrieved to the surface. The majority (86%) of the pressure profiles demonstrated a large gradient in the periphery leading to a plateau of almost uniform pressure in the deeper layers of the tumors. Within isolated tumors, pressures reached plateau values at a distance of 0.2 to 1.1 mm from the surface. In s.c. tumors the sharp increase began in skin and levelled off at the skin-tumor interface. These results demonstrate for the first time that the IFP is elevated throughout the tumor and drops precipitously to normal values in the tumor's periphery or in the immediately surrounding tissue. These results confirm the predictions of our recently published mathematical model of interstitial fluid transport in tumors (Jain and Baxter, Cancer Res., 48: 7022-7032, 1988), offer novel insight into the etiology of interstitial hypertension, and suggest possible strategies for improved delivery of therapeutic agents.", "publicationTitle": "Cancer research", "publisher": "", "place": "", "date": "Aug 1, 1990", "volume": "50", "issue": "15", "section": "", "partNumber": "", "partTitle": "", "pages": "4478-4484", "series": "", "seriesTitle": "", "seriesText": "", "journalAbbreviation": "Cancer Res.", "DOI": "", "citationKey": "", "url": "", "accessDate": "", "PMID": "", "PMCID": "", "ISSN": "0008-5472", "archive": "", "archiveLocation": "", "shortTitle": "Interstitial pressure gradients in tissue-isolated and subcutaneous tumors", "language": "eng", "libraryCatalog": "NCBI PubMed", "callNumber": "", "rights": "", "extra": "PMID: 2369726", "tags": [ { "tag": "Adenocarcinoma", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Animals", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Blood Pressure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Carcinoma 256, Walker", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Extracellular Space", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Female", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Methods", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Models, Theoretical", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Pressure", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Rats", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Rats, Inbred F344", "type": 1 }, { "tag": "Rats, Inbred Strains", "type": 1 } ], "collections": [ "SMHDGS37" ], "relations": {}, "dateAdded": "2014-04-23T05:28:38Z", "dateModified": "2014-04-23T05:28:38Z" } }, { "key": "5T8XRM29", "version": 99, "library": { "type": "group", "id": 256557, "name": "Biotransport_Group_21", "links": { "alternate": { "href": "https://www.zotero.org/groups/biotransport_group_21", "type": "text/html" } } }, "links": { "self": { "href": "https://api.zotero.org/groups/256557/items/5T8XRM29", "type": "application/json" }, "alternate": { "href": 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